CN112462370A - Dual-polarized integrated airborne weather radar - Google Patents
Dual-polarized integrated airborne weather radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112462370A CN112462370A CN202011461844.8A CN202011461844A CN112462370A CN 112462370 A CN112462370 A CN 112462370A CN 202011461844 A CN202011461844 A CN 202011461844A CN 112462370 A CN112462370 A CN 112462370A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
- G01S13/953—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use mounted on aircraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
- H01Q1/1264—Adjusting different parts or elements of an aerial unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar, which mainly solves the problem that the existing radar cannot perform dual-polarization detection on a weather target and acquire dual-polarization information. The dual-polarization antenna comprises a dual-polarization microstrip antenna (1), an X-band integrated transceiving component (2), a pitching transmission mechanism (3), a direction transmission mechanism (4) and a radar base (5). The X-band integrated transceiving component is fixed with the azimuth transmission mechanism through the pitching transmission mechanism, and the azimuth transmission mechanism is arranged on the radar base; the dual-polarized microstrip antenna comprises a horizontal polarized channel and a vertical polarized channel; the X-band integrated transceiving component adopts an integral structure integrated with interface control, frequency synthesis, power amplification, a circulator, a receiving front end, intermediate frequency amplification, a radio frequency channel switch and two radio frequency transceiving channels, and is directly and electrically connected with the dual-polarized microstrip antenna through a double-coaxial blind-insertion interface. The method can acquire dual-polarization information of the meteorological target, and can be used for performing dual-polarization detection and positioning on the meteorological target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radars, and particularly relates to an airborne weather radar which can be used for detecting and positioning dangerous targets such as weather clouds and turbulence which affect the flight safety of an airborne aircraft, and improving the ability of the airborne aircraft to sense the surrounding dangerous weather conditions.
Background
The airborne weather radar is essential flight safety guarantee equipment on various airplanes, can detect the distribution conditions of meteorological targets such as meteorological clouds, turbulence and the like and other non-meteorological targets in a certain airspace range on an air path in front of an aircraft in real time in the flight process of the aircraft, displays the detected information such as the outline, the direction, the distance of the targets and the rainfall of the meteorological clouds on a display, provides functions such as dangerous meteorological condition early warning for aircrew, and is widely applied to the field of aviation at present.
The existing airborne weather radar can be divided into a split type airborne weather radar and an integrated airborne weather radar according to the structural form.
A split type airborne weather radar is mainly characterized in that the radar consists of a plurality of extensions, and generally comprises an antenna and driver extension, a receiving and transmitting extension, a signal processing extension and a control box. This kind of split type airborne weather radar is because by a plurality of extensions constitution, therefore the complete machine weight is heavy, and needs longer cable or waveguide to connect between the extension, and the radar system is complicated, is not convenient for maintain the installation.
The integrated airborne weather radar is mainly characterized in that the radar consists of a single antenna transceiving processor, the whole machine is light in weight, all parts of the radar are interconnected only by short built-in cables, and the radar system is simple and convenient to maintain and install. However, the existing integrated airborne weather radar adopts a single-radio-frequency-channel transceiver component and a single-polarized antenna, such as GWX68 integrated airborne weather radar of the U.S. GARMIN company and PRIMUS 440, 660 and 880 integrated RTA weather radar of the U.S. Honeywell company, which cannot perform dual-polarization detection on weather targets and acquire dual-polarization information of the weather targets.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to realize time-sharing dual-polarization detection of a weather target and acquire dual-polarization information of the weather target.
In order to achieve the purpose, the dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar comprises: dual polarization microstrip antenna 1, the integrated receiving and dispatching subassembly 2 of X wave band, every single move drive mechanism 3, position drive mechanism 4 and radar base 5, the integrated receiving and dispatching subassembly 2 of X wave band is connected with dual polarization microstrip antenna 1 to link to each other with position drive mechanism 4 through every single move drive mechanism 3, position drive mechanism 4 installs on radar base 5, dual polarization microstrip antenna 1 includes horizontal polarization passageway 11 and vertical polarization passageway 12, its characterized in that:
the X-band integrated transceiver component 2 adopts an integral structure that an interface control module 21, a frequency synthesis module 22, a power amplification module 23, a circulator 24, a receiving front-end module 25, an intermediate frequency amplification module 26, a radio frequency channel switch 27, a first radio frequency transceiver channel 28 and a second radio frequency transceiver channel 29 are integrated together, so that the volume and the weight of the component are reduced, the reliability of the component is improved, and meanwhile, the time-sharing switching of the two radio frequency transceiver channels is realized through the radio frequency channel switch 27;
the horizontal polarization channel 11 is directly connected with the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28 of the X-band integrated transceiving component 2 through a dual coaxial blind-mate interface, and is configured to receive a radio frequency transmit signal HT transmitted by the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28, generate a horizontal polarization radio frequency transmit signal to be radiated out to a space, receive a horizontal polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target, generate a radio frequency echo signal HR, and transmit the radio frequency echo signal HR to the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28;
the vertical polarization channel 12 is directly connected with the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29 of the X-band integrated transceiving component 2 through a dual coaxial blind-mate interface, and is configured to receive a radio frequency transmit signal VT transmitted by the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29, generate a vertical polarization radio frequency transmit signal to be radiated out to a space, receive a vertical polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target, generate a radio frequency echo signal VR, and transmit the radio frequency echo signal VR to the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29.
Further, the pitch transmission mechanism 3 includes a pitch motor 31, a pitch transmission gear 32, a pitch angle sensor 33, and a pitch bracket 34: the pitch motor 31, the pitch transmission gear 32 and the pitch angle sensor 33 are mounted on a pitch bracket 34; the pitching motor 31 drives the pitching bracket 34 to rotate in the pitching direction through the pitching transmission gear 32; the pitch angle sensor 33 is a plastic-guide potentiometer, and a rotating shaft thereof is connected with a rotating shaft of the pitch transmission gear 32, and is configured to acquire a pitch rotation angle of the pitch transmission gear 32 in real time, and transmit the pitch rotation angle as pitch feedback to the radar base 5.
Further, the azimuth driving mechanism 4 comprises an azimuth motor 41, an azimuth driving gear 42, an azimuth sensor 43, an azimuth bracket 44 and a bracket cushion block 45, wherein the bracket cushion block 45 is a selected part and is installed between the azimuth bracket 44 and the radar base 5, and is used for adjusting the height between the azimuth driving mechanism 4 and the radar base 5 so as to match the installation space of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 with different sizes; the azimuth motor 41, the azimuth transmission gear 42 and the azimuth sensor 43 are mounted on the azimuth bracket 44, and the azimuth motor 41 drives the pitching bracket 34 to rotate in the azimuth direction through the azimuth transmission gear 42; the azimuth angle sensor 43 is a plastic guide potentiometer, and a rotating shaft thereof is connected with a rotating shaft of the azimuth transmission gear 42, and is used for acquiring an azimuth rotation angle of the azimuth transmission gear 42 in real time and transmitting the azimuth rotation angle as azimuth feedback to the radar base 5.
Further, the frequency synthesizer 22 is composed of two DDS chips with the same type and an FPGA chip, and is configured to generate a low-power radio frequency signal.
Further, the size of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is selected according to whether a bracket cushion block 45 is installed between the azimuth bracket 44 and the radar base 5:
further, the radar base 5 adopts a cavity structure, and an interface board 51, a signal processing board 52 and a dual-axis servo driver 53 are arranged in the cavity structure;
the interface board 51 takes the FPGA as a processing core, generates a working mode command by receiving external input, and transmits the working mode command to the signal processing board 52 and the biaxial servo driver 53;
the signal processing board 52 uses Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as a processing core, and is configured to receive a working mode instruction transmitted by the interface board 51 and an intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver module 2, sequentially perform sampling quantization, digital down conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing, generate video coding alarm data, and transmit the video coding alarm data to the interface board 51;
the biaxial servo driver 53 uses a DSP as a processing core, and receives an operation mode instruction from the interface board 51, thereby simultaneously realizing servo control of the azimuth motor 41 and the pitch motor 31.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts an integral structure which integrates the interface control module, the frequency synthesis module, the power amplification module, the circulator, the receiving front-end module, the intermediate frequency amplification module, the radio frequency channel switch, the first radio frequency transceiving channel and the second radio frequency transceiving channel, thereby reducing the volume and the weight of the assembly, increasing the reliability of the assembly, and simultaneously realizing the time-sharing switching of the two radio frequency transceiving channels through the radio frequency channel switch.
2. The invention reduces the radio frequency feed loss, realizes the time-sharing dual-polarization detection of the meteorological target and acquires the dual-polarization information of the meteorological target by adopting the mode of directly connecting the horizontal polarization channel and the vertical polarization channel of the dual-polarization microstrip antenna with the two radio frequency transceiving channels of the X-band integrated transceiving component through the dual-coaxial blind-insertion interface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dual-polarized microstrip antenna structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an integrated X-band transceiver module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the pitch drive mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the azimuth drive mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a radar base structure according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of signal processing in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the dual-polarized integrated airborne weather radar of the invention comprises a dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, an X-band integrated transceiver module 2, a pitching transmission mechanism 3, an azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and a radar base 5, wherein:
the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is directly connected with the X-band integrated transceiver module 2 through a dual-coaxial blind-mate interface, and is used for receiving a high-power radio-frequency transmission signal HT or a radio-frequency transmission signal VT transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver module 2 in a time-sharing manner, generating a polarized radio-frequency transmission signal to radiate out to the space, and simultaneously receiving a polarized radio-frequency echo signal reflected by a target, generating a radio-frequency echo signal HR or a radio-frequency echo signal VR, and transmitting the radio-frequency echo signal HR or the radio-frequency echo signal VR to the X.
The X-band integrated transceiver module 2 is mounted on the pitching transmission mechanism 3 and used for receiving a control signal transmitted from the radar base 5 to generate a reference frequency signal and a self-checking result and transmitting the reference frequency signal and the self-checking result to the radar base 5, generating a high-power radio frequency transmitting signal HT or a radio frequency transmitting signal VT in a time-sharing manner and transmitting the high-power radio frequency transmitting signal HT or the radio frequency transmitting signal VT to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and simultaneously down-converting a radio frequency echo signal HR or a radio frequency echo signal VR transmitted from the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 into an intermediate frequency.
The pitching transmission mechanism 3 is connected with the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and is used for driving the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 to scan in the pitching direction;
the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 is installed on the radar base 5 and used for driving the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 and the pitching transmission mechanism 3 to scan in the azimuth direction.
The radar base 5 is used for generating control signals and transmitting the control signals to the X-band integrated transceiving component 2, receiving reference frequency signals, self-checking results and intermediate frequency signals transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiving component 2, sequentially performing sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing and analysis on the intermediate frequency signals, and outputting corresponding processing results according to control instructions input from the outside.
Referring to fig. 2, the X-band integrated transceiver module 2 is an integrated structure, which can reduce the volume and weight of the module, increase the reliability of the module, and implement time-sharing switching of two rf transceiver channels, and includes an interface control module 21, a frequency synthesis module 22, a power amplification module 23, a circulator 24, a receiving front-end module 25, an intermediate frequency amplification module 26, an rf channel switch 27, a first rf transceiver channel 28, and a second rf transceiver channel 29, where:
the interface control module 21 is configured to receive a control signal transmitted from the radar base 5 to generate a reference clock, an internal component control signal, and a radio frequency channel switching instruction, and transmit the reference clock back to the radar base 5, transmit the internal component control signal to the frequency synthesis module 22, the power amplification module 23, the receive front-end module 25, and the intermediate frequency amplification module 26, and transmit the radio frequency channel switching instruction to the radio frequency channel switching switch 27; the interface control module 21 receives the working state data transmitted from the frequency synthesis module 22 at the same time, so as to generate a self-checking result and transmit the self-checking result to the radar base 5;
the frequency synthesis module 22 is composed of two DDS chips with the same type and one FPGA chip, and is configured to receive a component internal control signal transmitted by the interface control module 21 to generate a low-power radio frequency signal, a local oscillator signal, and working state data, transmit the low-power radio frequency signal to the power amplification module 23, transmit the local oscillator signal to the reception front-end module 25, and transmit the working state data to the interface control module 21;
the power amplification module 23 is configured to receive the component internal control signal transmitted by the interface control module 21, amplify the low-power radio-frequency signal transmitted by the frequency synthesis module 22 to form a high-power radio-frequency transmission signal, and transmit the high-power radio-frequency transmission signal to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 through the circulator 24;
a circulator 24 for isolating the radio frequency transmit signal and the radio frequency echo signal;
the receiving front-end module 25 is configured to receive a component internal control signal transmitted by the interface control module 21, perform down-conversion operation of frequency mixing filtering on a radio-frequency echo signal transmitted by the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 through the circulator 24 and a local oscillator signal transmitted by the frequency synthesis module 22, and convert the radio-frequency echo signal into an intermediate-frequency echo signal and transmit the intermediate-frequency echo signal to the intermediate-frequency amplification module 26;
the intermediate frequency amplification module 26 is configured to receive the component internal control signal transmitted by the interface control module 21, amplify the intermediate frequency echo signal transmitted by the reception front-end module 25, and transmit the amplified intermediate frequency echo signal to the radar base 5;
a radio frequency channel switch 27, configured to receive a radio frequency channel switching instruction transmitted by the interface control module 21, so as to switch the electrical connection between the circulator 24 and the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28 or the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29 in a time-sharing manner:
when the circulator 24 is electrically connected with the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28, the radio frequency channel switch 27 receives a radio frequency transmitting signal transmitted by the circulator 24, generates a radio frequency transmitting signal HT and forwards the radio frequency transmitting signal HT to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and receives a radio frequency echo signal HR transmitted by the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1;
when the circulator 24 is electrically connected with the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29, the radio frequency channel switch 27 receives a radio frequency transmitting signal transmitted by the circulator 24, generates a radio frequency transmitting signal VT and forwards the radio frequency transmitting signal VT to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and receives a radio frequency echo signal VR transmitted by the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1;
a first rf transceiving channel 28, configured to receive an rf transmitting signal transmitted by the rf channel switch 27, generate an rf transmitting signal HT, forward the rf transmitting signal HT to the horizontal polarization channel 11 of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and receive an rf echo signal HR transmitted by the horizontal polarization channel 11 and forward the rf echo signal HR to the rf channel switch 27;
and the second radio frequency transceiving channel 29 is configured to receive a radio frequency transmit signal transmitted by the radio frequency channel switching switch 27, generate a radio frequency transmit signal VT, forward the radio frequency transmit signal VT to the vertical polarization channel 12 of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and receive a radio frequency echo signal VR transmitted by the vertical polarization channel 12 and forward the radio frequency echo signal VR to the radio frequency channel switching switch 27.
Referring to fig. 3, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 includes a horizontally polarized channel 11 and a vertically polarized channel 12, wherein:
the horizontal polarization channel 11 is directly connected with the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28 of the X-band integrated transceiving component 2 through a dual coaxial blind-mate interface, and is configured to receive a radio frequency transmit signal HT transmitted by the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28, generate a horizontal polarization radio frequency transmit signal to be radiated out to a space, receive a horizontal polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target, generate a radio frequency echo signal HR, and transmit the radio frequency echo signal HR to the first radio frequency transceiving channel 28;
the vertical polarization channel 12 is directly connected to the second rf transceiver channel 29 of the X-band integrated transceiver module 2 through a dual coaxial blind-mate interface, and is configured to receive the rf transmit signal VT transmitted by the second rf transceiver channel 29, generate a vertical polarization rf transmit signal to be radiated out to the space, and simultaneously receive a vertical polarization rf echo signal reflected by the target to generate an rf echo signal VR, and transmit the rf echo signal VR to the second rf transceiver channel 29.
Referring to fig. 4, the pitch transmission mechanism 3 includes a pitch motor 31, a pitch transmission gear 32, a pitch angle sensor 33, and a pitch bracket 34, wherein:
the pitching motor 31 is used for receiving pitching drive transmitted by the radar base 5 and driving the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 to scan in the pitching direction through the transmission of the pitching transmission gear 32;
the pitch angle sensor 33 is a plastic-guide potentiometer, the rotating shaft of which is connected with the rotating shaft of the pitch transmission gear 32, and is used for acquiring the pitch rotating angle of the pitch transmission gear 32 in real time and transmitting the pitch rotating angle as pitch feedback to the radar base 5;
and a pitch bracket 34 as a structural support for mounting the pitch motor 31, the pitch transmission gear 32 and the pitch angle sensor 33.
Referring to fig. 5, the azimuth driving mechanism 4 includes an azimuth motor 41, an azimuth driving gear 42, an azimuth angle sensor 43, an azimuth bracket 44, and a bracket pad 45, wherein:
the azimuth motor 41 is used for receiving azimuth drive transmitted by the radar base 5 and driving the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 and the pitching transmission mechanism 3 to scan in the azimuth direction through the transmission of the azimuth transmission gear 42;
the azimuth angle sensor 43 is a plastic guide potentiometer, the rotating shaft of which is connected with the rotating shaft of the azimuth transmission gear 42 and is used for acquiring the azimuth rotating angle of the azimuth transmission gear 42 in real time and transmitting the azimuth rotating angle as azimuth feedback to the radar base 5;
an azimuth bracket 44 as a structural support for mounting the azimuth motor 41, the azimuth drive gear 42, and the azimuth sensor 43;
support cushion 45 installs between azimuth support 44 and radar base 5 for adjust the height between azimuth drive mechanism 4 and the radar base 5, with the installation space who matches not unidimensional dual polarization microstrip antenna 1, whether install the size that support cushion 45 selected dual polarization microstrip antenna promptly between azimuth support 44 and radar base 5:
when the bracket cushion block 45 is not arranged between the azimuth bracket 44 and the radar base 5, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 selects an antenna with the size of phi 254mm or phi 305mm, and the antenna with the size of phi 305mm is taken in the example;
when the bracket cushion blocks 45 are installed between the bracket 44 and the radar base 5, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 selects an antenna with the size of phi 356mm or phi 457mm, and the antenna with the size of phi 356mm is taken in the example.
Referring to fig. 6, the radar base 5 adopts a cavity structure, and an interface board 51, a signal processing board 52 and a dual-axis servo driver 53 are disposed therein, wherein:
the interface board 51, which takes the FPGA as a processing core, is configured to receive and transmit the three pieces of information: firstly, receiving a reference clock and a self-checking result transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiving component 2, and generating a control signal by taking the reference clock as a reference to transmit the control signal to the X-band integrated transceiving component 2; secondly, receiving external input, generating a working mode instruction of the radar and transmitting the working mode instruction to the signal processing board 52 and the double-shaft servo driver 53; thirdly, receiving video coding alarm data transmitted by the signal processing board 52 and pitch feedback and azimuth feedback transmitted by the dual-axis servo driver 53, packaging the video coding alarm data and the pitch feedback and the azimuth feedback into corresponding processing results and outputting the processing results;
the signal processing board 52 takes a Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as a processing core and is used for collecting intermediate frequency signals transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiving component 2, sequentially carrying out sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing according to working mode instructions transmitted by the interface board 51, generating video coding alarm data and transmitting the video coding alarm data to the interface board 51;
the dual-axis servo driver 53, which takes the DSP as the processing core, is used to receive 3 different information for transmission driving: the 1 st type is to receive the pitch feedback transmitted by the pitch transmission mechanism 3 and transmit the feedback to the interface board 51; the 2 nd type is to receive the orientation feedback transmitted by the orientation transmission mechanism 4 and forward the orientation feedback to the interface board 51; the 3 rd type is to receive the operation mode command transmitted from the interface board 51, generate the pitch drive and the azimuth drive according to the operation mode command, transmit the pitch drive to the pitch actuator 3, and transmit the azimuth drive to the pitch actuator 4.
Referring to fig. 7, the signal processing board 52 includes a sampling quantization module 521, a digital down-conversion module 522, a pulse compression module 523, a pulse accumulation module 524, and a target detection module 525, wherein:
a sampling quantization module 521, configured to receive the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, perform sampling and quantization processing on the intermediate frequency signal, generate a digital intermediate frequency signal, and transmit the digital intermediate frequency signal to a digital down-conversion module 522;
a digital down-conversion module 522, configured to receive the digital intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the sampling quantization module 521, perform digital down-conversion processing on the digital intermediate frequency signal, generate a digital baseband signal, and transmit the digital baseband signal to the pulse compression module 523;
a pulse compression module 523, configured to receive the digital baseband signal transmitted by the digital down-conversion module 522, complete pulse compression processing of the digital baseband signal according to signal characteristics, generate a digital pulse pressure signal, and transmit the digital pulse pressure signal to a pulse accumulation module 524;
the pulse accumulation module 524 is configured to receive the digital pulse pressure signal transmitted by the pulse compression module 523, perform multi-cycle real-time storage, summation, and averaging to complete pulse accumulation processing of the digital pulse pressure signal, generate a digital pulse pressure accumulation signal, and transmit the digital pulse pressure accumulation signal to the target detection module 525;
the target detection module 525 is configured to receive the digital pulse pressure accumulation signal transmitted by the pulse accumulation module 524 and the operating mode instruction transmitted by the interface board 51, perform target detection, generate video coding alarm data, and transmit the video coding alarm data to the interface board 51.
The foregoing description is only an example of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations in form and detail can be made without departing from the principle and structure of the invention, but these modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a dual polarization integration airborne weather radar, including dual polarization microstrip antenna (1), the integrated receiving and dispatching subassembly of X wave band (2), every single move drive mechanism (3), position drive mechanism (4) and radar base (5), the integrated receiving and dispatching subassembly of X wave band (2) is connected with dual polarization microstrip antenna (1), and link to each other with position drive mechanism (4) through every single move drive mechanism (3), install on radar base (5) position drive mechanism (4), dual polarization microstrip antenna (1) includes horizontal polarization passageway (11) and vertical polarization passageway (12), its characterized in that:
the X-waveband integrated transceiver component (2) adopts an integral structure that an interface control module (21), a frequency synthesis module (22), a power amplification module (23), a circulator (24), a receiving front-end module (25), an intermediate frequency amplification module (26), a radio frequency channel selector switch (27), a first radio frequency transceiver channel (28) and a second radio frequency transceiver channel (29) are integrated together, so that the volume and the weight of the component are reduced, the reliability of the component is improved, and meanwhile, the time-sharing switching of the two radio frequency transceiver channels is realized through the radio frequency channel selector switch (27);
the horizontal polarization channel (11) is directly connected with a first radio frequency transceiving channel (28) of the X-band integrated transceiving component (2) through a double coaxial blind-mate interface, and is used for receiving a radio frequency transmitting signal HT transmitted by the first radio frequency transceiving channel (28), generating a horizontal polarization radio frequency transmitting signal to radiate out to the space, receiving a horizontal polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target to generate a radio frequency echo signal HR, and transmitting the radio frequency echo signal HR to the first radio frequency transceiving channel (28);
the vertical polarization channel (12) is directly connected with a second radio frequency transceiving channel (29) of the X-band integrated transceiving component (2) through a double coaxial blind-mate interface, and is used for receiving a radio frequency transmitting signal VT transmitted by the second radio frequency transceiving channel (29), generating a vertical polarization radio frequency transmitting signal to radiate out to the space, receiving a vertical polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target to generate a radio frequency echo signal VR, and transmitting the radio frequency echo signal VR to the second radio frequency transceiving channel (29).
2. The airborne weather radar of claim 1, wherein the pitch transmission mechanism (3) comprises a pitch motor (31), a pitch transmission gear (32), a pitch angle sensor (33) and a pitch bracket (34):
the pitching motor (31), the pitching transmission gear (32) and the pitching angle sensor (33) are arranged on the pitching support (34); the pitching motor (31) drives the pitching support (34) to rotate in the pitching direction through the pitching transmission gear (32);
the pitch angle sensor (33) is a plastic-guide potentiometer, a rotating shaft of the plastic-guide potentiometer is connected with a rotating shaft of the pitch transmission gear (32), and the plastic-guide potentiometer is used for acquiring the pitch rotating angle of the pitch transmission gear (32) in real time and transmitting the pitch rotating angle as pitch feedback to the radar base (5).
3. The airborne weather radar of claim 1, characterized in that the azimuth driving mechanism (4) comprises an azimuth motor (41), an azimuth driving gear (42), an azimuth sensor (43), an azimuth bracket (44) and a bracket spacer (45), wherein the bracket spacer (45) is an optional part and is installed between the azimuth bracket (44) and the radar base (5) for adjusting the height between the azimuth driving mechanism (4) and the radar base (5) to match the installation space of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) with different sizes.
4. The airborne weather radar of claim 2, characterized in that the azimuth motor (41), the azimuth drive gear (42) and the azimuth angle sensor (43) are mounted on an azimuth bracket (44); the azimuth motor (41) drives the pitching support (34) to rotate in the azimuth direction through the azimuth transmission gear (42); the azimuth angle sensor (43) is a plastic guide potentiometer, a rotating shaft of the plastic guide potentiometer is connected with a rotating shaft of the azimuth transmission gear (42) and is used for acquiring the azimuth rotating angle of the azimuth transmission gear (42) in real time and transmitting the azimuth rotating angle to the radar base (5) as azimuth feedback.
5. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, wherein the frequency synthesis (22) is composed of two DDS chips of the same type and one FPGA chip for generating low power radio frequency signals.
6. The airborne weather radar of claim 2, characterized in that the dimensions of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) are selected according to whether bracket pads (45) are mounted between the azimuth bracket (44) and the radar base (5):
when a support cushion block (45) is not arranged between the azimuth support (44) and the radar base (5), the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) selects an antenna with the size of phi 254mm or phi 305 mm;
when a bracket cushion block (45) is arranged between the bracket (44) and the radar base (5), the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) selects an antenna with the size of phi 356mm or phi 457 mm.
7. The airborne weather radar of claim 1, wherein the radar base (5) is of a cavity structure, and an interface board (51), a signal processing board (52) and a two-axis servo driver (53) are arranged in the cavity structure;
the interface board (51) takes FPGA as a processing core, generates a working mode instruction by receiving external input and transmits the working mode instruction to a signal processing board (52) and a biaxial servo driver (53);
the signal processing board (52) takes Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as a processing core, is used for receiving a working mode instruction transmitted by an interface board (51) and an intermediate frequency signal transmitted by an X wave band integrated transceiving component (2), sequentially performs sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing, generates video coding alarm data and transmits the video coding alarm data to the interface board (51);
the double-shaft servo driver (53) takes a DSP as a processing core, and simultaneously realizes the servo control of the azimuth motor (41) and the pitching motor (31) by receiving the working mode instruction of the interface board (51).
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| CN202011461844.8A CN112462370A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Dual-polarized integrated airborne weather radar |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114325715A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-04-12 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | Radar structure and system |
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