CN112462215A - Full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform and method - Google Patents
Full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
Abstract
The application provides a full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform and a method, and the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform comprises the following steps: the device comprises a high-voltage direct current source, a first port of the high-voltage direct current source, a second port of the high-voltage direct current source, a grounding wire, a first connecting wire, an integrating capacitor, a second connecting wire, a resistor, a third connecting wire, a test cable, a fourth connecting wire, a signal amplifier, a first signal transmission line, a second signal transmission line, a third signal transmission line, a data acquisition unit and an upper computer, wherein voltage data Uq (t) and a capacitor C of the integrating capacitor are acquired according to the test platformintThe dynamic charge quantity Q (t) of the test cable is obtained, the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) of the test cable under different applied voltages is obtained through calculation, the insulation performance of the test cable is judged according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) of the test cable under different applied voltages, and the problems that the existing test platform cannot meet the requirements of measuring cables with various sizes, is small in application range and poor in test precision are solvedTo a problem of (a).
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering, in particular to a full-size cable insulation charge amount testing platform and method.
Background
High voltage power cables play a vital role in the operation of power systems. Crosslinked Polyethylene (XLPE) cables are widely used in high voltage distribution networks and extra high voltage lines due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. In long-time work engineering, due to the influence of external conditions, the aging accelerated operation of the XLPE cable is inevitably promoted, frequent insulation aging faults are caused, cable breakdown accidents are caused, and the challenges are brought to the stable operation and reliable power supply of an urban power transmission and distribution network.
Although a large number of research experiments are conducted by a plurality of scholars at home and abroad on the aspects of physical and chemical properties, dielectric properties, space charge, breakdown, aging and the like of cable insulation, due to the limitation of conditions in a laboratory, the traditional research objects are small-sized sheet samples and cannot be practically used in the actual integral cable. The cable generates thermal aging, mechanical aging, voltage aging, partial discharge aging, water tree aging and the like in actual operation, but a widely accepted cable aging evaluation model is not available at present. The existing electroacoustic pulse testing system has the defect that the distribution situation of space charge of the whole cable is difficult to ignore: the electroacoustic pulse testing system has low resolution ratio on weak space charge signals in the whole cable, is easily interfered by the external environment and has limited testing precision; moreover, the test electric field and temperature range of the electroacoustic pulse test system are narrow, and the actual requirements cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a full-size cable insulation charge amount testing platform and a method, and aims to solve the problems that an existing testing platform cannot meet the requirements of measurement of XLPE cables of various sizes, the application range is small, and testing accuracy is poor.
In one aspect, the present application provides a full-scale cable insulation charge amount test platform, including:
the high-voltage direct-current testing device comprises a high-voltage direct-current source, a first port of the high-voltage direct-current source, a second port of the high-voltage direct-current source, a grounding wire, a first connecting wire, an integrating capacitor, a second connecting wire, a resistor, a third connecting wire, a testing cable, a fourth connecting wire, a signal amplifier, a first signal transmission line, a second signal transmission line, a third signal transmission line, a data acquisition unit and an upper computer;
the high-voltage direct current source is grounded through the grounding wire;
the first port of the high-voltage direct current source is connected with one end of the integrating capacitor through the first connecting line;
the other end of the integrating capacitor is connected with one end of the resistor through the second connecting wire;
the other end of the resistor is connected with one end of the test cable through the third connecting wire;
the other end of the test cable is connected with a second port of the high-voltage direct-current source through the fourth connecting line;
the input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the two ends of the integrating capacitor through the first signal transmission line and the second signal transmission line respectively;
the output end of the signal amplifier is connected with the input end of the data acquisition unit through the third signal transmission line;
the output end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the upper computer;
the output end of the upper computer is connected with the input end of the high-voltage direct-current source, and the upper computer is configured to receive and process signals from the data acquisition unit to obtain a measurement result and control voltage output of the high-voltage direct-current source.
The data acquisition unit is connected with the upper computer in an optical fiber network connection mode.
If the test cable is a high-voltage cable, one end of the fourth connecting line is connected with the outer shielding insulating layer of the test cable, and the other end of the fourth connecting line is grounded;
and a copper foil is arranged on the surface of the outer shielding insulating layer.
The upper computer is further configured to:
judging the voltage data U at the two ends of the integrating capacitorq(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
In another aspect, the present application provides a full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing method, applied to the full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform, the method including:
according to the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, a power supply is switched on, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor (6) are obtainedq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
According to the voltage data Uq(t) and the capacitance CintCalculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor;
obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor;
gradually increasing the voltage E of the direct-current power supply in the test circuit, and calculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages;
and judging the insulation performance of the test cable according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages.
The obtained voltage data Uq(t) and capacitance C of the integrating capacitorintThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition unitRespectively collecting voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor through the signal amplifierq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
The output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current source is increased in a constant amplitude mode from 1kV, the amplification step length is 1kV until the output voltage exceeds the rated range of the integrating capacitor, the sampling time is 180s, and sampling is carried out every 2 s.
The method further comprises the following steps:
before the test is started, the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current source is set to be 0V, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor is obtained0Sampling for 60s, and sampling every 2 s;
judging the voltage data U0Whether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0Starting testing within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0And if the range exceeds the preset threshold value range, carrying out discharging operation on the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, and removing faults.
The method further comprises the following steps:
before the test begins, acquiring the capacitance C of the integrating capacitorint；
Judging the capacitance CintWhether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the said capacitance CintStarting testing within a preset threshold range;
capacitor CintAnd if the integral capacitance exceeds the range of the preset threshold value, replacing the integral capacitance.
The method further comprises the following steps:
judging the voltage data U at the two ends of the integrating capacitorq(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
The method for judging the insulation performance of the test cable according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages comprises the following steps:
acquiring the charge quantity Q on the test cable when the power supply is switched on according to the time variation curve of the dynamic charge quantity Q (t)1；
After t time, acquiring the charge quantity Q on the test cable at the moment2；
According to the obtained Q1And Q2Calculating a charge amount dynamic change ratio k of the test cable;
and judging the insulation performance of the test cable according to the charge quantity dynamic change ratio k of the test cable.
The following formula is adopted for calculating the charge quantity dynamic change ratio k of the test cable:
k＝Q2/Q1
if k is less than 1.2, judging that the test cable is not aged or slightly aged and has good insulating property;
and if k is greater than 1.2, judging that the test cable is seriously aged and has poor insulating property.
According to the technical scheme, the application provides a full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform and a method, and the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform comprises the following steps: the high-voltage direct-current testing device comprises a high-voltage direct-current source, a first port of the high-voltage direct-current source, a second port of the high-voltage direct-current source, a grounding wire, a first connecting wire, an integrating capacitor, a second connecting wire, a resistor, a third connecting wire, a testing cable, a fourth connecting wire, a signal amplifier, a first signal transmission line, a second signal transmission line, a third signal transmission line, a data acquisition unit and an upper computer, wherein according to the full-size cable insulation charge quantity testing platform, a power supply is switched on, and voltage data Uq (t) and a capacitor C atintAccording to the voltage data Uq (t) and the capacitance CintCalculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor, obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor, gradually increasing the direct-current power supply voltage E in the test circuit, calculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages, and obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltagesQ (t), judge the insulating properties of test cable, this application has solved current test platform can't satisfy the problem that measures the XLPE cable of multiple size, application range is less and the measuring accuracy is relatively poor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between a low-voltage cable and the full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a high-voltage cable and the full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of tests for unaged cables and aged cables;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the amount of charge of an unaged cable at different voltages over time;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the amount of charge of an aged cable at different voltages over time;
fig. 7 is a graph of the dynamic change rate k of the charge amount of the test cable of the present application as a function of voltage.
The device comprises a 1-high-voltage direct current source, a 2-high-voltage direct current source first port, a 3-high-voltage direct current source second port, a 4-ground wire, a 5-first connecting wire, a 6-integrating capacitor, a 7-second connecting wire, an 8-resistor, a 9-third connecting wire, a 10-test cable, a 11-fourth connecting wire, a 12-signal amplifier, a 13-first signal transmission line, a 14-second signal transmission line, a 15-third signal transmission line, a 16-data collector and a 17-upper computer.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, a full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform comprises:
the device comprises a high-voltage direct current source 1, a first port 2 of the high-voltage direct current source, a second port 3 of the high-voltage direct current source, a grounding wire 4, a first connecting wire 5, an integrating capacitor 6, a second connecting wire 7, a resistor 8, a third connecting wire 9, a test cable 10, a fourth connecting wire 11, a signal amplifier 12, a first signal transmission line 13, a second signal transmission line 14, a third signal transmission line 15, a data collector 16 and an upper computer 17;
the high-voltage direct current source 1 is grounded through the grounding wire 4;
the first port 2 of the high-voltage direct current source is connected with one end of the integrating capacitor 6 through the first connecting line 5;
the other end of the integrating capacitor 6 is connected with one end of the resistor 8 through the second connecting wire 7;
more specifically, 0.5 μ F, 0.8 μ F, 1.2 μ F, 2.5 μ F, and 5.0 μ F are optional, and the capacitance is selected in relation to the dielectric constant of the cable being tested, and in some embodiments, 5.0 μ F. The capacitance value of the integrating capacitor 6 can be adjusted in real time according to actual use conditions.
Referring to fig. 2, the other end of the resistor 8 is connected to one end of the test cable 10 through the third connection line 9;
more specifically, in some embodiments, the resistance value of the resistor 8 is 2M Ω, and the resistance value of the resistor 8 may be adjusted in real time according to an actual use condition.
The other end of the test cable 10 is connected with the second port 3 of the high-voltage direct current source through the fourth connecting line 11;
the input end of the signal amplifier 12 is connected to the two ends of the integrating capacitor 6 through the first signal transmission line 13 and the second signal transmission line 14 respectively;
the output end of the signal amplifier 12 is connected with the input end of the data collector 16 through the third signal transmission line 15;
the output end of the data acquisition unit 16 is connected with the input end of the upper computer 17;
more specifically, the data collector 16 is connected to the upper computer 17 through one or more of Zigbee, WIFi, and bluetooth, so as to switch the output voltage of the high voltage source and feed back the detected data, and on the other hand, the data collector feeds back a signal to the upper computer 17 through a Zigbee/WIFi/bluetooth receiver. The output end of the upper computer 17 is connected with the input end of the high-voltage direct current source 1, and the upper computer 17 is configured to receive and process signals from the data acquisition unit 16 to obtain a measurement result and control the voltage output of the high-voltage direct current source 1. The data acquisition unit 16 and the upper computer 17 are connected in a fiber network mode.
If the test cable 10 is a high-voltage cable, one end of the fourth connecting wire 11 is connected with the outer shielding insulating layer of the test cable 10, and the other end of the fourth connecting wire 11 is grounded; as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a connection method for testing a high voltage cable according to the present application, and more specifically, in some embodiments, the test cable 10 has the following specifications: the voltage class is 15kV, the length is 3m, the radius of a conductor wire core is 10mm, and the insulation thickness is 5 mm. The long creepage time will reduce the insulation strength of the cable, and may even lead to the cable breakdown, which is not favorable for the accuracy of the experimental result and the personal safety. Therefore, before the experiment, the cable must be stripped of part of the semiconductive layer from the end to the end. For an unaged cable, the q (t) curve is very flat due to the absence of electrically conductive current; for aged cables, the leakage current leads to a marked tendency for the q (t) curve to rise.
And a copper foil is arranged on the surface of the outer shielding insulating layer.
The upper computer 17 is further configured to:
judging the voltage data U at the two ends of the integrating capacitor 6q(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
In another aspect, the present application provides a full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing method, which is applied to the full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform, and the method includes:
according to the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, a power supply is switched on, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor 6 are obtainedq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
According to the voltage data Uq(t) and the capacitance CintCalculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor 6;
obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable 10 according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor;
gradually increasing the voltage E of the direct-current power supply in the test circuit, and calculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable 10 under different applied voltages;
and judging the insulation performance of the test cable 10 according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable 10 under different applied voltages.
Referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that the charge amount hardly changes with time under the low voltage condition (5kV and below), and is a nearly horizontal straight line. The slope gradually increases with increasing voltage. When the voltage was increased to 13kV, the short circuit occurred due to the voltage of the integrating capacitor exceeding its rated value, and the experiment was stopped, and under the low voltage condition (5kV and below), the same phenomenon as the unaged cable occurred, but after the voltage reached 6kV, the accumulation of the amount of electric charge increased as the voltage increased. The charge accumulation of the unaged cable and the aged cable are significantly different.
More specifically, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the amount of charge of the unaged cable at different voltages varies with time, and it can be seen that under low voltage conditions (5kV and below), the amount of charge hardly varies with time, and is a nearly horizontal straight line. The slope gradually increases with increasing voltage. When the voltage was added to 13kV, the experiment was stopped because the voltage of the integrating capacitor was shorted out beyond its rated value. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows the change of the charge amount of the aged cable with time at different voltages, which is the same as the unaged cable under low voltage conditions (5kV and below), but the charge amount accumulation increases with the increase of the voltage after the voltage reaches 6 kV.
The obtained voltage data Uq(t) and capacitance C of the integrating capacitorintThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the data collector 16 collects the voltage data U at the two ends of the integrating capacitor 6 through the signal amplifier 12 respectivelyq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
The output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current source 1 is increased in a constant amplitude from 1kV, the amplification step length is 1kV until the output voltage exceeds the rated range of the integrating capacitor 6, the sampling time is 180s, and sampling is performed every 2 s.
The method further comprises the following steps:
before the test is started, the output voltage of the high-voltage direct current source 1 is set to be 0V, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor 6 are obtained0Sampling for 60s, and sampling every 2 s;
judging the voltage data U0Whether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0Starting testing within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0And if the range exceeds the preset threshold value range, carrying out discharging operation on the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, and removing faults.
The method further comprises the following steps:
before the test is started, the capacitance C of the integrating capacitor 6 is obtainedint；
Judging the capacitance CintWhether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the said capacitance CintStarting testing within a preset threshold range;
capacitor CintAnd if the range exceeds the preset threshold value range, replacing the integrating capacitor 6.
Further onIn particular, if the capacitance C isintThe data is extremely small and only small amplitude (at 10)-4～10-5Order of magnitude) of the oscillations, that means that the integrating capacitor 6 has no charge injection and accumulation, and if the capacitor is not damaged, the result should be close to the theoretical value of the integrating capacitor. If phenomena except the above situations occur, the problem occurs at a certain position of the equipment, and the problem needs to be checked and processed in time.
The method further comprises the following steps:
judging the voltage data U at the two ends of the integrating capacitor 6q(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
More specifically, the rated voltage range is-3.5V, and when the voltage exceeds the range, the measuring platform can automatically perform short-circuit discharge to protect the integrating capacitor.
The method for judging the insulation performance of the test cable 10 according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable 10 under different applied voltages comprises the following steps:
acquiring the charge quantity Q on the test cable 10 when the power is switched on according to the time variation curve of the dynamic charge quantity Q (t)1；
After t time, the charge amount Q on the test cable 10 at that time is obtained2；
More specifically, it is preferred that the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied,
according to the obtained Q1And Q2Calculating a charge amount dynamic change ratio k of the test cable 10;
and judging the insulation performance of the test cable 10 according to the charge quantity dynamic change rate k of the test cable 10.
The calculation of the charge amount dynamic change ratio k of the test cable 10 uses the following equation:
k＝Q2/Q1
if k is less than 1.2, judging that the test cable 10 is not aged or slightly aged and has good insulating property;
and if k is greater than 1.2, judging that the test cable 10 is seriously aged and has poor insulating property.
More specifically, in some embodiments, the charge amount when t is 4s is selected as the initial charge amount, the charge amount when t is 180s is selected as the ending charge amount, and the ratio k between Q (180s) and Q (4s) is the charge amount dynamic change ratio, that is:
for an unaged cable, the k value should be kept around 1 at voltages below 10 kV. As the voltage continues to rise, the value of k rises. The charge dynamic change ratio k can be used to reflect the degree of aging of the cable. Fig. 7 is a relationship between the charge amount dynamic change ratio k and the applied voltage. For an unaged cable, the dynamic change rate k of the charge quantity has a small ascending trend along with the rise of the voltage, but the value is still below 1.1; in contrast, the aged cable has a stable charge dynamic change rate k at low voltage, and when the voltage reaches 6kV, the charge dynamic change rate k rises rapidly and exceeds 1.6 under the condition of 14 kV.
According to the technical scheme, the application provides a full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform and a method, and the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform comprises the following steps: the high-voltage direct-current power supply comprises a high-voltage direct-current source 1, a first high-voltage direct-current source port 2, a high-voltage direct-current source second port 3, a grounding wire 4, a first connecting wire 5, an integrating capacitor 6, a second connecting wire 7, a resistor 8, a third connecting wire 9, a test cable 10, a fourth connecting wire 11, a signal amplifier 12, a first signal transmission line 13, a second signal transmission line 14, a third signal transmission line 15, a data acquisition unit 16 and an upper computer 17, wherein voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor 6 are acquired by switching on a power supply according to a full-size cable insulation electric charge amount test platformq(t) and a capacitance CintAccording to said voltage data Uq(t) and the capacitance CintCalculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor, obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor,the direct current power supply voltage E in the test circuit is gradually increased, the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages is obtained through calculation, the insulation performance of the test cable 10 is judged according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable under different applied voltages, and the problems that an existing test platform cannot meet the requirements of measurement on XLPE cables with various sizes, the application range is small and the test precision is poor are solved.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A full-scale cable insulation charge quantity test platform is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a high-voltage direct current source (1), a first high-voltage direct current source port (2), a second high-voltage direct current source port (3), a grounding wire (4), a first connecting wire (5), an integrating capacitor (6), a second connecting wire (7), a resistor (8), a third connecting wire (9), a test cable (10), a fourth connecting wire (11), a signal amplifier (12), a first signal transmission line (13), a second signal transmission line (14), a third signal transmission line (15), a data collector (16) and an upper computer (17);
the high-voltage direct current source (1) is grounded through the grounding wire (4);
the first port (2) of the high-voltage direct current source is connected with one end of the integrating capacitor (6) through the first connecting line (5);
the other end of the integrating capacitor (6) is connected with one end of the resistor (8) through the second connecting wire (7);
the other end of the resistor (8) is connected with one end of the test cable (10) through the third connecting wire (9);
the other end of the test cable (10) is connected with the second port (3) of the high-voltage direct current source through the fourth connecting line (11);
the input end of the signal amplifier (12) is connected to the two ends of the integrating capacitor (6) through the first signal transmission line (13) and the second signal transmission line (14) respectively;
the output end of the signal amplifier (12) is connected with the input end of the data collector (16) through the third signal transmission line (15);
the output end of the data acquisition unit (16) is connected with the input end of the upper computer (17);
the output end of the upper computer (17) is connected with the input end of the high-voltage direct current source (1), and the upper computer (17) is configured to receive and process signals from the data acquisition unit (16), obtain a measurement result and control voltage output of the high-voltage direct current source (1).
2. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test platform according to claim 1, wherein the connection mode between the data collector (16) and the upper computer (17) is optical fiber network connection.
3. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test platform according to claim 1, wherein if the test cable (10) is a high-voltage cable, one end of the fourth connection line (11) is connected with an outer shielding insulation layer of the test cable (10), and the other end of the fourth connection line (11) is grounded;
and a copper foil is arranged on the surface of the outer shielding insulating layer.
4. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test platform according to claim 1, wherein the upper computer (17) is further configured to:
determining the voltage data U across the integrating capacitor (6)q(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
5. A full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing method applied to the full-scale cable insulation charge amount testing platform of claim 1, the method comprising:
according to the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, a power supply is switched on, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor (6) are obtainedq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
According to the voltage data Uq(t) and the capacitance CintCalculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor;
obtaining the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable (10) according to the dynamic charge quantity q (t) on the integrating capacitor;
gradually increasing the voltage E of the direct-current power supply in the test circuit, and calculating to obtain the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable (10) under different applied voltages;
and judging the insulation performance of the test cable (10) according to the dynamic charge quantity Q (t) on the test cable (10) under different applied voltages.
6. The method for testing the amount of insulated charge of a full-scale cable according to claim 5, wherein the voltage data U is obtainedq(t) and capacitance C of the integrating capacitorintThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition unit (16) acquires voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor (6) through the signal amplifier (12) respectivelyq(t) and a capacitance Cint；
The output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current source (1) is increased in a constant amplitude from 1kV, the amplification step length is 1kV until the output voltage exceeds the rated range of the integrating capacitor (6), the sampling time is 180s, and sampling is performed every 2 s.
7. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test method according to claim 5, further comprising:
before the test is started, the output voltage of the high-voltage direct current source (1) is set to be 0V, and voltage data U at two ends of the integrating capacitor (6) is obtained0Sampling for 60s, and sampling every 2 s;
judging the voltage data U0Whether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0Starting testing within a preset threshold range;
if the voltage data U0And if the range exceeds the preset threshold value range, carrying out discharging operation on the full-size cable insulation charge quantity test platform, and removing faults.
8. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test method according to claim 5, further comprising:
before the test is started, acquiring the capacitance C of the integrating capacitor (6)int；
Judging the capacitance CintWhether the current value is within a preset threshold range;
if the said capacitance CintStarting testing within a preset threshold range;
capacitor CintAnd if the range exceeds the preset threshold value range, replacing the integrating capacitor (6).
9. The full-scale cable insulation charge amount test method according to claim 5, further comprising:
determining the voltage data U across the integrating capacitor (6)q(t) whether the voltage exceeds a preset capacitor rated voltage threshold;
and if the voltage exceeds the preset rated voltage threshold of the capacitor, the full-size cable insulation charge amount test platform performs short-circuit discharge operation.
10. The method for testing the insulation charge amount of the full-scale cable according to claim 5, wherein the step of judging the insulation performance of the test cable (10) according to the dynamic charge amount Q (t) on the test cable (10) under different applied voltages comprises the following steps:
acquiring the charge quantity Q1 on the test cable (10) when the power supply is switched on according to the time variation curve of the dynamic charge quantity Q (t);
acquiring the charge quantity Q2 on the test cable (10) at the moment after the time t;
calculating a charge amount dynamic change ratio k of the test cable (10) from the obtained Q1 and Q2;
judging the insulation performance of the test cable (10) according to the charge quantity dynamic change rate k of the test cable (10);
the calculation of the dynamic change rate k of the charge amount of the test cable (10) adopts the following formula:
k＝Q2/Q1
if k is less than 1.2, judging that the test cable (10) is not aged or slightly aged and has good insulating property;
if k is greater than 1.2, judging that the test cable (10) is seriously aged and has poor insulation performance.
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