CN112461785A - Aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber - Google Patents
Aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000041 tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001285 laser absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
- G01N2021/391—Intracavity sample
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aviation oxygen monitoring system based on a TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber. A signal generator of a system host generates two paths of modulation signals, wherein one path is a sawtooth wave scanning signal used for changing the laser wavelength output by the laser, and the other path is a high-frequency sine modulation signal used for modulating a driving signal. The two signals are superposed to obtain a modulation signal, the modulation signal is input to a laser driver, and the current and the temperature of the laser driver are controlled to enable the selected oxygen absorption peak to be at the scanning central wavelength. The emitted laser is absorbed by the gas absorption cell, the emergent light signal is detected by the detector and converted into an electric signal, and then the electric signal is amplified by the preamplifier, and finally the harmonic wave detection is carried out by the lock-in amplifier. The temperature measured by the F-P temperature sensor serves as a temperature compensation value of the TDLAS system, thereby making the calculation result more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oxygen detection technology in an aircraft oil tank, in particular to an aviation oxygen monitoring system based on a TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber.
Background
The fire and explosion suppression capability of the fuel tank of the airplane is not only related to the survival and the vulnerability of the airplane, but also related to the utilization rate and the cost of the airplane and the safety of passengers. As is known, the combustion and explosion of an aircraft fuel tank generally requires the simultaneous presence of: combustible medium, sufficient comburent-oxygen and chemical reaction chain triggered by ignition source. To effectively prevent the occurrence of a fuel tank explosion, one or more of three conditions must be excluded. The fuel tank is an important component in a complex system of an airplane, and is used for storing fuel, adjusting the gravity center, cooling equipment and the like, aviation kerosene stored in the fuel tank is volatile liquid formed by mixing various hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbon substances with small molecular weight can be volatilized into the vacant space of the fuel tank under certain temperature and pressure, so that inflammable substances always exist in the fuel tank, and the key point of prevention naturally falls on an ignition source and oxygen concentration control and measurement. At present, the technologies for detecting the gas concentration are various, and mainly include a non-optical method and an optical method. The former includes electrochemical methods and gas chromatography. The defects of the methods are mainly instability, and the detection can be carried out only through sampling and preprocessing, so that the accuracy and the real-time performance of system measurement are reduced, interference components are more, cross interference cannot be eliminated at all sometimes, online monitoring cannot be achieved, and meanwhile, the system maintenance workload is large. The latter utilizes the interaction mechanism of light and gas molecules to detect, can realize accurate measurement and on-line detection, and has stable system and small maintenance workload. The spectrum detection technology which is popular at present has the specific advantages of non-invasive measurement, and is increasingly widely applied to measuring the concentration of gas, the temperature parameter of a combustion system, the flow rate of high-speed gas flow and the like at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the prior art, the invention provides an oxygen detection experiment system based on TDLAS and an F-P temperature sensor, which is combined with the actual oxygen concentration detection to carry out the overall design of the detection system and the design of the F-P temperature sensor and build a system platform for further experimental research and concentration measurement.
The invention provides an aviation oxygen detection method and a monitoring system based on TDLAS and Fabry-Perot temperature and pressure integration. The system host is connected with the detection air chamber through an optical fiber to realize light path measurement; and upper computer measuring software is installed in the system host.
The air chamber is good in airtightness and provided with an optical fiber interface;
the system host machine adopts tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology, and realizes oxygen concentration measurement by measuring a certain specific absorption spectral line of oxygen, and the structure is shown in FIG. 3;
the F-P temperature and pressure sensor is used for measuring gas temperature and pressure, is placed in the gas chamber, detects the temperature and pressure value in real time, and supplements the temperature and pressure value to a system host;
the optical fiber is used for providing transmission of the light source;
the upper computer measurement software analyzes an operation program embedded in the MCU in the system, and realizes the functions of signal processing, data calculation, data transmission in a human-computer interface and the like;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of the air chamber;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a system host architecture;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an F-P temperature and pressure sensor configuration;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The test system of the present invention comprises: F-P temperature sensor, system host, optic fibre and air chamber. The above-mentioned all components are connected by means of optical fibre and data line. And upper computer measuring software is installed in the system host.
And (3) reasonably selecting a laser according to the experimental requirement and the position of the absorption peak of the oxygen, and introducing oxygen with certain concentration into the gas chamber as the gas to be measured during experimental measurement. A signal generator of a system host generates two paths of modulation signals, wherein one path is a sawtooth wave scanning signal used for changing the laser wavelength output by the laser, and the other path is a high-frequency sine modulation signal used for modulating a driving signal. The two signals are superposed to obtain a modulation signal, the modulation signal is input to a laser driver, and the current and the temperature of the laser driver are controlled to enable the selected oxygen absorption peak to be at the scanning central wavelength. The emitted laser is absorbed by the gas absorption cell, the emergent light signal is detected by the detector and converted into an electric signal, and then the electric signal is amplified by the preamplifier, and finally the harmonic wave detection is carried out by the lock-in amplifier. In addition, a high-frequency sine modulation signal generated by the signal generator is simultaneously input into the phase-locked amplifier as a reference signal, a second harmonic signal is detected through phase-sensitive detection, the second harmonic signal is acquired by the data acquisition card and is calculated and processed by the computer, and the temperature measured by the F-P temperature sensor is used as a temperature compensation value of the TDLAS system in the processing process of the computer, so that the calculation result is more accurate.
To obtain higher detection sensitivity, a spectral band suitable for oxygen measurement should be selected, and a laser with a central wavelength of 760.8nm should be selected to avoid interference with other gases. The basis here is as follows:
from the self-owned experimental data, the intensity and position results of the absorption lines of the oxygen have a plurality of absorption lines around the 760nm wave band, and a great choice is provided for the TDLAS-based oxygen concentration measurement. The traditional gas molecules such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen and the like near the 760nm wave band are not absorbed, so that the measurement of the oxygen concentration is not interfered by other gas molecules. Therefore, the detection system selects a laser with a center wavelength of 760.8 nm.
The specific selection of each main component part is as follows:
the F-P temperature sensor inserts two multimode optical fibers with plated films on the end faces into a hollow optical fiber to form an F-P interference cavity, as shown in figure 4. The incident optical fiber is fixed by glue, and the reflecting optical fiber is adjusted until the reflecting optical fiber has a proper cavity length value and then fixed by glue, wherein the light entering from the incident optical fiber is partially transmitted after passing through the end surface M2, and one part of the light is reflected to form a 1 st beam of reflected light; the transmitted light is emitted to the end face M2 of the reflecting optical fiber through the F-P cavity and is reflected by M1, and the light returns to the incident optical fiber through M2 to form interference light with the 1 st beam of reflected light. Because the cavity length of the F-P interferometer has a certain relation with the temperature load, when the temperature changes, the cavity length of the F-P interferometer changes, so that the intensity of output light is changed, demodulation of optical signals can be realized by using the photoelectric detector, and the temperature sensing is realized.
The system host comprises an electronic circuit for operating and controlling each function of the instrument, is connected with the detection air chamber through an optical fiber to realize light path measurement, and realizes data communication with an upper computer through a connecting wire. Laser beams emitted by the semiconductor laser are emitted from the system host, transmitted to the detection air chamber through optical fiber coupling, reflected back to the receiving optical fiber in the detection air chamber, and received by the optical sensor through optical fiber coupling. The transmission of this optical signal is achieved by means of mirrors and collimators on the gas cell. The system host computer and the upper computer communicate through a connecting line and realize data transmission.
The optical fiber connector is one of connectors, is mainly used for movable devices between optical fibers, and has the function of butting two end faces of the optical fibers so that the optical fibers can generate various performances of an optical transmission system.
The gas chamber tank body is designed to have smooth inner wall, does not absorb laser in the frequency band, does not adsorb gas, has stable chemical performance, does not react with detected gas, can bear certain temperature and atmospheric pressure, and is provided with an F-P temperature and pressure integrated sensor. Because the oxygen to be detected has certain oxidability, an aluminum alloy material which has the oxidation resistance to the oxygen, lower price, easy processing and stronger compression resistance is selected as the cell body material of the gas cell. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the sealing performance of the gas pool, the sealing flanges at the two ends of the gas chamber are processed by using the stainless steel material made of the same material.
The upper computer measurement software is independently researched and developed. The method can be used for finishing user operations such as system calibration, measurement data transmission and the like, analyzing an operation program embedded in the MCU in the system, and realizing the functions of signal processing, data calculation, data transmission in a human-computer interface and the like.
Claims (10)
1. An aviation oxygen monitoring system based on a TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber is characterized in that the experiment system comprises an air chamber with an F-P temperature and pressure integrated sensor, a system host, an optical fiber and upper computer measurement software; the system host is connected with the detection air chamber through an optical fiber to realize light path measurement; and upper computer measuring software is installed in the system host.
2. The TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical cell based aviation oxygen monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gas cell is hermetic and has optical fiber interface.
3. The TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber based aviation oxygen monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system host machine adopts tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) to measure oxygen concentration by measuring oxygen absorption spectrum line.
4. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the F-P temperature and pressure sensor is used for measuring gas temperature and pressure, is placed in the gas chamber, detects temperature and pressure values in real time, and is supplemented into the system host.
5. The TDLAS in combination with Fabry-Perot optical cell based airborne oxygen monitoring system of claim 1 wherein said optical fiber is used to provide transmission of light source.
6. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper computer measurement software analysis system is internally embedded with an operating program in MCU to realize signal processing, data calculation and data transmission function in human-computer interface.
7. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on the TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein during measurement, oxygen is introduced into the gas chamber as gas to be measured; a signal generator of a system host generates two paths of modulation signals, wherein one path is a sawtooth wave scanning signal for changing the laser wavelength output by a laser, and the other path is a high-frequency sine modulation signal for modulating a driving signal; the two paths of modulation signals are superposed to obtain modulation signals, the modulation signals are input to a laser driver, and the selected oxygen absorption peak is positioned at the scanning central wavelength by controlling the current and the temperature of the laser driver; the emitted laser is absorbed by a gas absorption cell, an emergent light signal is detected by a detector and converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified by a preamplifier, and finally harmonic detection is carried out by a lock-in amplifier; in addition, a high-frequency sine modulation signal generated by the signal generator is simultaneously input into the phase-locked amplifier as a reference signal, a second harmonic signal is detected through phase-sensitive detection, the second harmonic signal is acquired by a data acquisition card and is calculated and processed by a computer, and the temperature measured by the F-P temperature sensor is used as a temperature compensation value of the TDLAS system in the processing process of the computer, so that the calculation result is accurate.
8. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the F-P temperature sensor inserts two end-face coated multimode optical fibers into a hollow optical fiber to form an F-P interference cavity, the incident optical fiber is fixed by glue, and the reflection optical fiber is adjusted until a proper cavity length value is obtained and then fixed by glue; the light entering from the incident optical fiber is partially transmitted after passing through the end surface M2, and a part of the light is reflected to form a 1 st beam of reflected light; the transmitted light is emitted to the end face M2 of the reflecting optical fiber through the F-P cavity and is reflected by M1, and the light returns to the incident optical fiber through M2 to form interference light with the 1 st beam of reflected light.
9. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system host comprises electronic circuits for operating and controlling various functions of instruments, optical path measurement is realized by connecting optical fibers with the detection gas chamber, and data communication with an upper computer is realized by connecting wires; laser beams emitted by the semiconductor laser are emitted from a system host, are transmitted to the detection air chamber through optical fiber coupling, are reflected to the receiving optical fiber in the detection air chamber, and are coupled to the system host through the optical fiber to be received by the optical sensor; the system host computer and the upper computer communicate through a connecting line and realize data transmission.
10. The aviation oxygen monitoring system based on the TDLAS combined Fabry-Perot optical chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas chamber and the tank body are designed to have smooth inner walls, do not react with the detection gas and carry an F-P temperature and pressure integrated sensor;
the upper computer measurement software is used for completing system calibration and measurement data transmission, analyzing an operation program embedded in the MCU in the system and realizing the functions of signal processing, data calculation and data transmission in a human-computer interface.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114964652A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-30 | 清华大学 | Air preheater section air leakage rate online monitoring system and method |
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2020
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