CN112461168A

CN112461168A - Ultrasonic monitoring probe and monitoring method

Info

Publication number: CN112461168A
Application number: CN202110144052.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伍剑波; 颜荣; 吴文强
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2021-02-03
Filing date: 2021-02-03
Publication date: 2021-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-03
Also published as: CN112461168B

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic monitoring probe and a monitoring method, relating to the technical field of ultrasonic monitoring, wherein the ultrasonic monitoring probe comprises: probe body and alloy piece, the probe body includes: the ultrasonic monitoring method comprises the steps of installation, alloy block melting, detection and the like.

Description

Ultrasonic monitoring probe and monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to an ultrasonic monitoring probe and a monitoring method.

Background

In recent years, the demand of China on oil and gas resources is increasing day by day, at present, the service environment of key equipment of an oil and gas station is complex, the pressure change of a transportation pipeline is large, the specification and the style are multiple, the structure is complex, and the transportation pipeline is responsible for the transportation task of high temperature, high pressure, flammability, explosiveness and toxic media. The oil and gas station industrial pipelines must be periodically inspected according to the relevant requirements of relevant laws and regulations and standard specifications.

Among various nondestructive testing methods, ultrasonic testing is the most popular testing method, in ultrasonic testing, in order to make ultrasonic waves effectively penetrate into a tested workpiece and ensure sufficient sound intensity transmittance on a detection surface to achieve the purpose of testing, a liquid conductive medium is needed to connect a probe and the tested workpiece, the medium is a coupling agent, and the purpose of using the coupling agent is to fill micro gaps between contact surfaces firstly and not to make micro air between the gaps influence the penetration of the ultrasonic waves; secondly, the acoustic impedance difference between the ultrasonic probe and the surface of the workpiece to be measured is reduced through the transition effect of the coupling agent, so that the reflection loss of the ultrasonic energy at the interface is reduced. The common coupling methods at present are wet coupling and dry coupling.

Traditional wet coupling mode location and installation probe unit, in order to prevent that liquid couplant from volatilizing and leaking the loss, need extra liquid seal device usually to lead to the equipment fixing complicacy, the liquid couplant remains in the surface that detects the pipe wall still can accelerate the corruption of pipe wall in addition, forms the secondary damage.

Therefore, the probe device is more suitable for positioning and installing in a dry coupling mode for long-term monitoring, but the surface of the pipeline to be detected has curvature and roughness, so that the solid coupling agent is difficult to completely attach to the surface of the pipeline, and the coupling effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic monitoring probe and a monitoring method, which are used for solving the problem that the existing ultrasonic monitoring probe is not well coupled with a pipe to be detected.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an ultrasound monitoring probe comprising: probe body and alloy piece, the probe body includes: casing, piezoelectric sensor and heating collar, casing are equipped with the through-hole along vertical direction, and piezoelectric sensor and heating collar set gradually in the through-hole along vertical direction to the lower extreme that the heating collar is close to the casing, and the alloy piece sets up the inboard at the heating collar.

This ultrasonic monitoring probe can detect the pipe wall through the external calibrator of piezoelectric sensor, is provided with the alloy piece in the probe body, thereby can make the alloy piece melt through the heating ring that sets up on the ultrasonic probe body and form wet couplant, when the temperature reduces, when liquid solidifies again, wet coupling changes dry coupling into to wet couplant can also fill the surface of pipeline, has reduced the roughness requirement to the pipeline that awaits measuring, and makes to connect more closely, the reinforcing detects the accuracy.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piezoelectric sensor is slidably disposed in the through hole; the spring is arranged in the through hole, the shaft shoulder is arranged on the outer wall of the piezoelectric sensor, the lower end of the spring is connected with the heating ring, the upper end of the spring is arranged corresponding to the shaft shoulder, the upper end of the shell is provided with an upper cover, the upper cover is provided with an adjusting rod along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the adjusting rod is connected with the piezoelectric sensor.

Set up the spring between piezoelectric sensor and heating ring to set up the regulation pole on the upper cover, thereby adjust the pole and can follow the upper cover axial displacement compression or relax the spring, when relaxing, piezoelectric sensor does not contact with the alloy piece of below, melts the back when the alloy piece, pushes down the spring, will make piezoelectric sensor and metal liquid contact, makes the metal liquid play the couplant effect, thereby in addition, thereby can also adjust the wave form of whole pipeline calibrator through spring pressure regulating electric sensor position.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting rod is a screw, the adjusting rod is in threaded connection with the upper cover, one end of the piezoelectric sensor, which is close to the adjusting rod, is provided with a guiding slide block, and the lower end of the adjusting rod is arranged on the guiding slide block.

Adjust the pole and adopt the screw, can make the screw along the axial displacement of upper cover through rotatory screw, remove and to target in place after can the automatic locking, the direction slider sets up on piezoelectric sensor, the lower extreme of adjusting the pole is contradicted on the direction slider, the direction slider can be with the stable even transmission of thrust on adjusting the pole to piezoelectric sensor, thereby it makes piezoelectric sensor and the pipe wall contact of the pipeline that awaits measuring to push down piezoelectric sensor through the direction slider.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the housing is provided with two opposite pipe wall contour blocks, and one end of the pipe wall contour block, which is far away from the housing, is matched with the outer wall contour of the pipe wall of the pipe to be measured.

The pipe wall profile block matched with the outer diameter of the pipeline to be tested is arranged at the lower end of the shell, so that the device can be stably arranged on the pipe wall to be tested, the pipe wall profile block also blocks the molten metal after the alloy block is melted from flowing outwards, and the molten metal is guaranteed to be distributed in a test range.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing is provided with two through holes corresponding to the pipe wall profiling blocks, respectively, the two through holes are provided with magnets, respectively, the magnetic poles of the two magnets are arranged in opposite directions, and two ends of the magnet are connected with the upper cover and the pipe wall profiling blocks, respectively, and the upper cover and the pipe wall profiling blocks are made of ferromagnetic materials, so that a magnetic loop is formed among the upper cover, the magnets and the pipe wall profiling blocks.

Set up magnet in the casing, upper cover and pipe wall profile modeling piece all adopt magnetic material to can form the magnetic circuit in this probe body, this magnetic circuit is retrained in the ferromagnetic material that magnetic conductivity is high, has increased magnet to the magnetization effect of the pipeline that awaits measuring, has guaranteed the sufficient magnetism intensity of inhaling of probe body, thereby makes the device initial positioning more accurate.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of steel belt grooves are provided on the upper cover.

When the working environment is complex and the factors of the device absorbed on the pipeline to be tested are more interfered by the outside, the device can be firmly fixed on the pipeline to be tested by a steel belt through a steel belt groove on the upper cover.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melting point of the alloy block is greater than the working environment temperature of the ultrasonic monitoring probe.

The melting point of the alloy block must be higher than the working environment temperature of the device to avoid melting loss or volatilization of the alloy block during long-term detection.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impedance of the alloy block matches the impedance of the probe body.

The impedance matching of the alloy block and the probe body means that the probe body and the alloy block have the same blocking effect on the ultrasonic waves, so that the attenuation of the piezoelectric ultrasonic waves is extremely low, and the measurement precision of the thickness gauge on the wall thickness of the pipeline to be measured cannot be influenced.

A monitoring method based on the detection probe comprises the following steps:

s1, fixing the ultrasonic monitoring probe on the pipeline to be detected, and enabling one end provided with the alloy block to be close to the pipe wall to be detected;

s2, connecting the piezoelectric sensor with a thickness gauge;

s3, connecting the heating ring with an external power supply to heat the alloy block, so that the alloy block is melted to form a coupling agent;

s4, adjusting the piezoelectric sensor to enable the piezoelectric sensor to be in contact with the pipe wall of the pipeline to be detected, and coupling is achieved through a coupling agent;

and S5, fine-tuning the piezoelectric sensor until the waveform on the thickness gauge has an optimal value.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

in order to overcome the piezoelectric ultrasonic coupling problem and meet the requirement of the monitoring device on long-term and monthly service, the invention does not adopt the traditional wet couplant coupling mode any more, but uses the active phase change of an alloy block as the couplant through temperature control to realize ultrasonic thickness measurement, does not need to polish the outer wall of a pipeline and weld when in use, has low requirement on the working environment, is simple and convenient to install, easy to replace, stable and reliable to install, and is particularly suitable for oil and gas pipelines needing multi-pipeline long-term monitoring of the wall thickness of the pipeline.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the probe body of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the probe body of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the probe body of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the use of the ultrasound monitoring probe of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic circuit when the ultrasonic monitoring probe of the present invention is used.

Wherein: 1-a shell; 11-a through hole; 12-placing through holes; 2-a piezoelectric sensor; 3-heating a ring; 4-a spring; 5, covering the upper cover; 51-steel belt groove; 6-adjusting the rod; 7-a guide slide block; 8-pipe wall contour block; 9-a magnet; 10-a pipeline to be tested; 101-steel strip.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-4, an ultrasound monitoring probe comprising: the probe comprises a probe body and an alloy block arranged in the probe body, wherein the alloy block is made of alloy materials, the melting point of a melting span is higher than the highest temperature of a working environment, and the impedance of the alloy block is matched with that of the probe body. The probe body includes: casing 1, piezoelectric sensor 2 and heating collar 3 refer to fig. 5, and casing 1 center is equipped with a circular shape through-hole 11 that sets up in vertical direction, and piezoelectric sensor 2 and heating collar 3 all set up in through-hole 11, and heating collar 3 sets up the lower extreme at through-hole 11, and the alloy piece sets up in heating collar 3, and one side opening of through-hole 11 to conveniently set up piezoelectric sensor 2 and the heating collar 3 of casing 1 external calibrator and power respectively.

Still be equipped with spring 4 between piezoelectric sensor 2 and the heating collar 3, refer to fig. 4, be equipped with the shaft shoulder on piezoelectric sensor's the outer wall, the external diameter of piezoelectric sensor 2 the latter half is less than the external diameter of its first half promptly, the internal diameter of spring is less than the external diameter of piezoelectric sensor 2 the first half and is greater than the external diameter of piezoelectric sensor 2 the latter half, thereby can make the tip of spring contradict on piezoelectric sensor 2's shaft shoulder, make piezoelectric sensor 2 extrusion spring 4, the lower extreme of spring 4 is fixed in the upper end of heating collar 3, because the lower extreme of piezoelectric sensor 2 need pass the pipe wall contact of heating collar 3 with the pipeline 10 that awaits measuring, consequently, the external diameter of piezoelectric sensor 2 lower extreme should be less than the internal. The upper end of the shell 1 is provided with an upper cover 5, referring to fig. 6, a convex column is arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover 5, a groove is arranged on the upper surface of the shell 1, the convex column is inserted in the groove to connect the upper cover 5 and the shell 1, the center of the upper cover 5 is provided with a vertically arranged adjusting rod 6, the adjusting rod 6 adopts a screw, the adjusting rod 6 is in threaded connection with the upper cover 5, the upper surface of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is provided with a guide slide block 7, the lower end of the adjusting rod 6 is abutted against the guide slide block 7 and can rotate relative to the guide slide block 7, referring to fig. 4, one end of the shell 1 far away from the upper cover 5 is provided with two pipe wall contour blocks 8 which are arranged oppositely, one end of the pipe wall contour block 8 far away from the shell 1 is matched with the outer wall contour, in the embodiment, the pipe wall contour blocks 8 are connected, referring to fig. 5, two placing through holes 12 are arranged in the shell 1 and correspond to the pipe wall contour blocks 8 respectively, magnets 9 are arranged in the two placing through holes 12 respectively, magnetic poles of the two magnets 9 are arranged in opposite directions, two ends of each magnet 9 are connected with the upper cover 5 and the pipe wall contour blocks 8 respectively, the upper cover 5 and the pipe wall contour blocks 8 are made of ferromagnetic materials, and referring to fig. 7, a magnetic loop is formed among the upper cover 5, the magnets 9 and the pipe wall contour blocks 8 of the pipe wall contour blocks 8.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the upper cover 5 is provided with four steel belt grooves 51.

When in use, the installation process of the device is as follows:

firstly, a pipe wall contour block 8 with a proper size is selected according to the pipe diameters of different pipelines 10 to be tested, and the pipe wall contour block 8 is connected with the shell 1 through bolts. Then, two magnets 9 are placed into a placing through hole 12 in the shell 1 according to the opposite directions of magnetic poles, then the heating ring 3 is placed into a through hole 11 of the shell 1, then the spring 4 and the piezoelectric sensor 2 are sequentially placed into the through hole 11 of the shell 1, after the completion, the guide sliding block 7 is arranged at the upper end of the piezoelectric sensor 2, the upper cover 5 with the adjusting rod is arranged at the upper end of the shell 1, the lower end of the adjusting rod is arranged on the guide sliding block 7, finally, the alloy block is placed in the heating ring 3, and the alloy block is clamped on the inner wall of the heating ring 3 for temporary fixation.

A monitoring method of the ultrasonic monitoring probe comprises the following steps:

s1, fixing the ultrasonic monitoring probe on the pipe wall to be measured, and arranging the end provided with the alloy block close to the pipe wall to be measured, referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, two steel belts 101 are arranged to further fix the probe on the pipe 10 to be measured;

s2, externally connecting the piezoelectric sensor 2 with a thickness gauge;

s3, connecting the heating ring 3 with an external power supply to heat the alloy block, so that the alloy block is melted;

s4, adjusting the adjusting rod 6 to enable the piezoelectric sensor 2 to extrude the spring 4, wherein the inner diameter of the heating sheet is larger than the diameter of the probe, the metal liquid is in the heating ring, the lower end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is slowly extruded into the metal liquid under the support of the spring 4, and in the entering process, the piezoelectric sensor 2 can slowly extrude the metal liquid to enable the lower end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 to be in close contact with the pipe wall of the pipeline 10 to be detected, so that good coupling is achieved;

and S5, fine-adjusting the adjusting rod 6 until the waveform on the thickness gauge has the optimal value.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An ultrasound monitoring probe, comprising: probe body and alloy piece, the probe body includes: casing (1), piezoelectric sensor (2) and heating collar (3), casing (1) is equipped with through-hole (11) along vertical direction, piezoelectric sensor (2) with heating collar (3) set gradually along vertical direction in through-hole (11), and heating collar (3) are close to the lower extreme of casing (1), the alloy piece sets up the inboard of heating collar (3).

2. The ultrasound monitoring probe according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric transducer (2) is slidingly arranged in the through hole (11); be equipped with spring (4) in through-hole (11), be equipped with the shaft shoulder on the outer wall of piezoelectric sensor (2), the lower extreme of spring (4) with heating collar (3) are connected, the upper end of spring (4) with the shaft shoulder corresponds the setting, the upper end of casing (1) is equipped with upper cover (5), upper cover (5) are equipped with along vertical direction and adjust pole (6), adjust the lower extreme of pole (6) with piezoelectric sensor (2) are connected.

3. The ultrasonic monitoring probe according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting rod (6) is a screw, the adjusting rod (6) is in threaded connection with the upper cover (5), a guiding slide block (7) is arranged at one end of the piezoelectric sensor (2) close to the adjusting rod (6), and the lower end of the adjusting rod (6) is arranged on the guiding slide block (7).

4. The ultrasonic monitoring probe according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower end of the shell (1) is provided with two opposite pipe wall profiling blocks (8), and one end of the pipe wall profiling block (8) far away from the shell (1) is matched with the outer wall profile of the pipe wall of the pipeline (10) to be tested.

5. The ultrasonic monitoring probe according to claim 4, wherein two placing through holes (12) corresponding to the pipe wall contour blocks (8) are arranged in the shell (1), magnets (9) are arranged in the two placing through holes (12), the magnetic poles of the two magnets (9) are arranged in opposite directions, two ends of each magnet (9) are connected with the upper cover (5) and the pipe wall contour blocks (8) respectively, and the upper cover (5) and the pipe wall contour blocks (8) are made of ferromagnetic materials, so that a magnetic loop is formed among the upper cover (5), the magnets (9) and the pipe wall contour blocks (8).

6. Ultrasound monitoring probe according to any of claims 2-4, wherein a plurality of steel strap slots (51) are provided on the upper cover (5).

7. The ultrasonic monitoring probe of claim 6, wherein the melting point of the alloy mass is greater than the operating ambient temperature of the ultrasonic monitoring probe.

8. The ultrasonic monitoring probe of claim 7, wherein the impedance of the alloy mass matches the impedance of the probe body.

9. A monitoring method based on the ultrasonic monitoring probe of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, fixing the ultrasonic monitoring probe on a pipeline (10) to be detected, and enabling the alloy block to be close to the pipeline (10) to be detected;

s2, externally connecting the piezoelectric sensor (2) with a thickness gauge;

s3, externally connecting a power supply to the heating ring (3) to heat the alloy block, and forming a coupling agent after the alloy block is melted;

s4, adjusting the piezoelectric sensor (2) to enable the piezoelectric sensor (2) to be in contact with the pipe wall of the pipeline (10) to be measured, and coupling is achieved through a coupling agent;

and S5, fine-tuning the piezoelectric sensor (2) until the waveform on the thickness gauge has an optimal value.