CN112460651B - Automatic speed regulation method of range hood - Google Patents
Automatic speed regulation method of range hood Download PDFInfo
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- CN112460651B CN112460651B CN201910865569.7A CN201910865569A CN112460651B CN 112460651 B CN112460651 B CN 112460651B CN 201910865569 A CN201910865569 A CN 201910865569A CN 112460651 B CN112460651 B CN 112460651B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
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- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
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Abstract
Automatic speed regulation method of range hood and automatic speed regulation methodIs characterized in that: 1) powering up; 2) judging whether the motor is started or not; 3) judging whether the motor is closed in the current state; 4) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state; 5) judging whether the current cold and hot state coefficient of the motor is more than or equal to lambdaCold(ii) a 6) Judging whether the motor is closed in the next state, if so, recording the current gear state, and returning to the step 2); if not, the next step; 7) judging whether the current motor is in low gear operation or not, if so, turning to the next step; if not, turning to step 9); 8) judging whether B is greater than or equal to xi1λA1(ii) a 9) Judging whether B is greater than or equal to a set value xi2λA2. The invention has the advantages that: a software control mode is directly adopted, and the method is simple and easy to implement; the judgment of the cold and hot state modes of the motor is increased, the problem of consistency of the alternating current motor and the current transformer is solved, the accuracy of a detection result is improved, the speed regulation of the range hood is more stable and reliable, and the user experience is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic speed regulating method of a range hood.
Background
Along with the process of urbanization, the floors of the house are higher and higher at present, and kitchen range hoods on different floors discharge oil smoke in the same time period, so if the flues of some users are blocked, the range hoods are difficult to discharge the oil smoke quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a method for automatically identifying the blockage of the flue so as to automatically adjust the air volume gear.
For example, the Chinese utility model patent No. 201621239948.3, "an automatic speed regulating circuit for wind pressure detection of range hood", is designed to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and is used for realizing the automatic speed regulating circuit for wind pressure detection of range hood, the circuit comprises a motor control circuit, a current induction correction circuit, a rectification filter circuit and a chip control circuit, wherein the motor control circuit is connected with a first end of the current induction correction circuit, a second end of the current induction correction circuit is connected with a first end of the rectification filter circuit, a second end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with the chip control circuit, the chip control circuit is connected with a control end of the motor control circuit, a variable resistor RW is arranged in the current induction correction circuit or the rectifying and filtering circuit, induced current sequentially passes through correction and rectifying and filtering to ensure the precision of input signals, and the gear of the motor is automatically switched according to the strength of the induced current signals.
The device realizes real-time detection of air pressure and automatic speed regulation of the motor, and avoids the burden of manually operating the range hood in the cooking process of a user; on one hand, devices such as a full-wave rectifier bridge and a slide rheostat are added, the range of the reference deviation of the current value input to the chip is required to be corrected by changing the resistance value of the slide rheostat, and the addition of the slide rheostat increases the working procedure and cost during production, so that the processing process of the whole circuit becomes complicated, and further improvement is needed to simplify the production and reduce the production cost; on the other hand, the patent does not consider the influence of the cold state (under the natural temperature) and the hot state (the temperature of the motor raised in the previous starting or running does not fall back to the natural temperature) of the motor on the motor winding, so that the detection result is not accurate enough, the error in the speed regulation process is large, and the precision is low.
In summary, the existing automatic speed regulating method of the range hood is yet to be further improved and perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic speed regulating method of a range hood, which has more accurate and reliable judgment and simple and convenient regulation mode, aiming at the current technical situation of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an automatic speed regulation method of a range hood is characterized in that: setting the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor of the range hood as lambda, wherein the change of the cold and hot state coefficient lambda of the motor along with the time t satisfies the following formula
Wherein, λ (t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor at the current moment; lambda (t plus delta t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor after the time delta t; delta t is the cold and hot state coefficient change interval time; τ is a time constant; epsilon is the maximum amplitude of the current reduction of the motor; e is a natural constant, and e ≈ 2.7182818284; wherein tau, epsilon and e are constants, once the motor design is finished, the numerical values of the parameters are also fixed, and delta t is preset according to actual needs.
The automatic speed regulating method of the range hood comprises the following steps:
(1) the motor is powered on, and the initial value of the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor is set to be 1;
(2) judging whether the motor is started or not by the main controller, if so, calculating according to the formula 1 to obtain a cold-hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, detecting the current value of the motor of the range hood in real time, and then turning to the next step; if not, calculating according to a formula 2 to obtain a cold and hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, and then turning to the next step;
(3) after delta t time, judging whether the motor is closed in the current state, if so, executing the next step; if not, turning to the step (6);
(4) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, turning to the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(5) the main controller judges whether the current motor cold-hot state coefficient is larger than or equal to a set cold state coefficient threshold lambdaColdIf yes, setting the motor gear to be in low-gear operation, and then turning to the step (10); if not, setting the motor gear as the gear in the last closing state, and then turning to the step (10);
(6) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, recording the gear state of the current motor before closing, and then turning to the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(7) the main controller judges whether the current motor is in low gear operation or not, if so, the low gear operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the next step is carried out; if not, the current motor is in high-grade operation, and the high-grade operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the step (9) is carried out;
(8) the main controller collects the motor current value detected in real time, obtains the average value of the motor voltage as B after AD signal conversion, and judges whether B is more than or equal to a set value xi1λA1If yes, the motor keeps running in a resisting mode, then the step (10) is carried out, if not, the motor is switched to be in a high-grade mode, and then the step (10) is carried out; wherein ξ1To suckProportionality coefficient set when fume exhaustor is in low gear operation, A1The average value of the motor voltage when the range hood runs at a low gear under the condition of smooth flue;
(9) the main controller collects the motor current value detected in real time, obtains the average value of the motor voltage as B after AD signal conversion, and judges whether B is more than or equal to a set value xi2λA2If yes, the motor is switched to low-gear operation, then the next step is executed, if not, the motor keeps high-gear operation, and then the next step is executed; wherein ξ2The proportionality coefficient set for high-grade operation of the range hood, A2The average value of the motor voltage of the range hood in high-grade operation under the condition of smooth flue;
(10) and returning to the step (2) after the interval time Deltat.
Average value of motor voltage A1For the pre-measured value obtained in the factory test mode, it is further preferable that the motor voltage average value A is1Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a state that a flue is unobstructed, the range hood is switched to a low gear, and the running time T is1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects current signals of the motor and obtains the average value A of the voltage of the motor after AD conversion1And A is1Writing into the memory of the host controller.
Average value of motor voltage A1For the pre-measured value obtained in the factory test mode, it is further preferable that the motor voltage average value A is2Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a state that a flue is unobstructed, the range hood is switched to a high grade, and the running time is T1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects current signals of the motor and obtains the average value A of the voltage of the motor after AD conversion2And A is2Writing into the memory of the host controller.
In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measured values in the factory test process, the running time T is preferably selected1Preferably 1.5s ≤ T1≤4s。
Taking into account the actual operation of the motorThe current value can change in real time, and in order to effectively judge the smooth condition of the flue and ensure that the range hood can make a timely gear adjustment reaction, the proportional coefficient xi is optimized1、ξ2The value range of (1) is more than or equal to 0.75 and less than xi1＝ξ2≤0.85。
In order to prevent frequent jumping of the range hood gear when the change of the motor current value is large and ensure the operation stability of the range hood, the operation time T is preferably selectedkeepHas a value range of T being not more than 4skeep≤6s。
Preferably, the value range of the cold and hot state coefficient change interval time Δ t is as follows: delta t is more than or equal to 4s and less than or equal to 6 s.
Preferably, the value range of the time constant τ is: 980s < τ <1020 s.
Preferably, the maximum amplitude epsilon of the motor current reduction has a value range of: 0.25< epsilon < 0.27.
Considering that the motor is not operated in the initial power-on state and is in the cold state, and the motor cold and hot state coefficient λ in the cold state is preset to be 1, therefore, when the motor cold and hot state coefficient is closer to 1, it is considered that the motor has entered the cold state and the temperature of the motor has returned to the normal temperature, and as a preference, the cold state coefficient threshold λ set in the step (5) is setColdThe value range of (a) can be set as: lambda is more than or equal to 0.98Cold1, the critical point of 0.98 is considered to be already very close to 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the judgment on whether the flue is blocked is directly realized by adopting a software control mode, and a sliding rheostat is not required to be additionally arranged in a test circuit, so that the cost is saved, and the control method is simple and easy to implement;
secondly, writing the initial working condition into a memory of the main controller in advance, and setting a proportionality coefficient to judge whether the flue is smooth or not, so that the problem of consistency of the alternating current motor and the current transformer is solved, the accuracy of a detection result is improved, the speed regulation of the range hood is more stable and reliable, and the user experience is better;
the judgment on the cold and hot state modes of the motor is increased, the influence of the change of the winding of the motor on the change of the current and voltage values of the motor in the process from closing to opening or from opening to closing is fully considered, the characteristics of the alternating current motor are better met, the precision of gear judgment is improved through the calculation of cold and hot state coefficients, the switching of the motor gears is more consistent with the use condition of an actual flue of a user, and the adjustment of the motor gears is more reasonable and effective.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control flow chart of an automatic speed control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing AD values of high and low gears of smooth flue in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The embodiment discloses an automatic speed regulation method for a motor of a range hood, in practical use, the motor of the range hood is usually a single-phase asynchronous motor, the motor works by adopting alternating voltage, the current value of the motor can change along with the condition whether a flue is smooth or not in the working process, when the flue is smooth, the motor rotates fast, and the working current of the motor is large; when the flue is blocked, the resistance of the motor is large, the rotating speed is reduced, and at the moment, the working current of the motor is reduced.
Besides, the range hood also needs to consider the cold state and the hot state of the motor when in work. The cold state (usually, the state that the motor is in a closed state, or the temperature of the motor falls back to the natural temperature after the motor stops working) means that the temperature of the motor winding is the natural temperature or is close to the natural temperature, and the hot state (generally, the state that the motor is in a starting or running state, or the state that the temperature raised after the motor is closed and started or run for the last time does not fall back to the natural temperature) means that the temperature of the motor winding is obviously higher than the natural temperature; generally, the metal material has positive temperature coefficient, the temperature is increased, the resistance value is increased, and the motor winding (coil) is made of the metal material, so that the internal resistance of the motor is smaller when the motor is in a cold state, and the internal resistance of the motor is larger when the motor is in a hot state. Therefore, the motor has cold and hot state changes in the working process, the cold and hot states of the motor have certain influence on the working current and the rotating speed of the motor, the cold and hot state change factors are not considered in the speed regulation process of the motor of the conventional range hood, the precision of the speed regulation scheme obtained by detection is not high enough, and the regulation reliability is also influenced.
According to the principle of zero input response and zero state response in the analog circuit, the following analysis is performed on the time-varying relationship between the AD signals (the AD signal in this embodiment refers to the corresponding motor voltage value obtained by converting the collected motor current value with the AD signal) when the motor is turned on (in the hot state) and when the motor is turned off (in the cold state) respectively:
when the motor is started
The range hood is started under the cold state condition, the low-gear operation is started, the singlechip acquires the maximum value A of the AD signal in the starting state of the range hood, and if the range hood keeps the low gear all the time later, the acquired AD signal gradually decreases along with the time change and then tends to be stable; the maximum value of the AD signal is normalized, and the relationship between the normalized value of the AD signal (defined as the coefficient of cold/hot state of the motor in this embodiment) and time is expressed by the following formula:
formula a is the proportional relation between the AD signal and the initial value of the AD signal along with the time change, wherein 1-epsilon is not less than lambda (t) not more than 1, and t is more than 0.
In this embodiment, the normalized ratio is inferred according to the measured AD values at different times, and the specific data is as follows:
| time(s) | 2.5 | 6 | 45 | 1000 | 2000 | 7000 |
| Low gear AD value | 2488 (Peak) | 2312 | 2252 | 1935 | 1876 | 1826 |
| Normalized ratio | 1 | 0.929 | 0.905 | 0.778 | 0.754 | 0.734 |
| High grade AD value | 3557 (Peak) | 3308 | 3201 | 2781 | 2647 | 2631 |
| Normalized ratio | 1 | 0.930 | 0.900 | 0.781 | 0.744 | 0.740 |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, when the motor is just started (at 2.5 s), the actually measured AD value is the largest (peak value), the normalization ratio value at this moment is set to be 1, the ratio relationship between the obtained AD value and the normalization ratio value is 2488:1 (low-gear operation) or 3557:1 (high-gear operation), and then the AD values and the corresponding normalization ratio values at different moments all satisfy the ratio relationship (the low-gear operation corresponds to the ratio relationship 2488:1, and the high-gear operation corresponds to the ratio relationship 3557:1), so that the normalization ratio values corresponding to different moments can be sequentially calculated;
in the formula a, epsilon represents the maximum amplitude of the motor current drop, and as the motor running time increases, until 7000s later, the AD value can be considered to be stable and not to change any more, and epsilon value can be calculated according to the actually measured AD value corresponding to 7000s, that is, epsilon value is 1-0.734-0.266 under low gear running, epsilon value is 1-0.740-0.260 under high gear running, and epsilon values under different gear running are basically the same for the same type of motor; the time constant τ ≈ 1002s (fitting value), τ representing the time required for the motor current to drop 0.386 ∈.
Since the above system is a causal system, for the normalized value λ (t) of the AD signal at the current moment, the relationship between the normalized value of the AD signal (i.e. the cold/hot state coefficient of the motor) and the time is expressed by the following formula when the range hood is turned on and Δ t elapses:
in the above formula 1, for motors of different models (different winding resistances), the value of epsilon obtained by corresponding derivation will be different, and according to the types of the existing various motors, the value range of epsilon can be obtained through testing: 0.25< epsilon <0.27, once the motor model is determined, the value of epsilon in equation 1 is also determined.
Second, when the motor is turned off
After the motor is turned on and turned off, the motor is changed from a hot state to a cold state, but actually after the motor is turned off, the serial port of the single chip microcomputer can not collect an AD value, but after the motor is turned off, the motor is not in a completely cold state at the moment, an AD signal normalization value can be converted into a motor cold and hot state coefficient, and the relation between the AD signal normalization value and time is expressed by the following formula:
then, for the motor cold-hot state coefficient λ (t) at the current moment, in the case that the range hood is turned off, the motor cold-hot state coefficient λ (t) of the AD signal after the time Δ t is:
thus, in summary:
in this embodiment, the current motor cold-hot state coefficient is set to be λ (t), and becomes λ (t +/Δ t) after Δ t, so that the change of the motor cold-hot state coefficient λ with time t satisfies the following formula:
wherein, λ (t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor at the current moment; lambda (t plus delta t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor after the time delta t; delta t is the change interval time of the cold and hot state coefficients, and the value range of delta t is as follows: delta t is more than or equal to 4s and less than or equal to 6 s; tau is a time constant, and the value range of the time constant tau is as follows: 980s < τ <1020 s; epsilon is the maximum amplitude of the motor current reduction, and the value range of epsilon is as follows: 0.25< epsilon < 0.27; e is a natural constant, and e is an irrational number having a value approximately equal to 2.7182818284 … …; wherein tau, epsilon and e are constants, once the motor design is finished, the values of the parameters are also fixed, and delta t is preset in a program according to actual needs.
Third, when the high and low gears of the motor are changed
The range hood of the embodiment is set to have only fixed gears, the speed is regulated by adopting a tapping method, and the essence is that the speed is regulated according to the number of taps of the speed regulating winding.
As can be seen from figure 2, along with the extension of the running time of the motor, after 7000s, the AD value curve tends to the horizontal state, and the temperature of the motor after 7000s can be considered to tend to be stable and not to change any more, under the unobstructed condition of the range hood, for the same motor cold and hot state coefficient, the AD value of the single chip microcomputer is AD at the low levelLThe single chip microcomputer AD value is AD at high gradeHAnd satisfies the following proportional relationship: ADH＝kADLWherein k is a proportionality coefficient; once the motor is designed, the tap coefficient of the motor is fixed, so the current value of the motor is also fixed, and the change trend of the AD value of the singlechip is consistent no matter the motor is in low-gear operation or high-gear operation.
The automatic speed regulating method of the range hood in the embodiment considers the cold and hot state coefficients of the motor, and the specific speed regulating method comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 1:
(1) the motor is powered on, and the initial value of the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor is set to be 1;
(2) judging whether the motor is started or not by the main controller, if so, calculating according to the formula 1 to obtain a cold-hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, detecting the current value of the motor of the range hood in real time, and then turning to the next step; if not, calculating according to a formula 2 to obtain a cold and hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, and then turning to the next step;
(3) after delta t time, judging whether the motor is closed in the current state, if so, executing the next step; if not, turning to the step (6);
(4) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, turning to the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(5) the main controller judges whether the current motor cold-hot state coefficient is larger than or equal to a set cold state coefficient threshold lambdaColdIf yes, setting the motor gear to be in low-gear operation, and then turning to the step (10); if not, setting the motor gear as the gear in the last closing state, and then turning to the step (10); wherein the cold state coefficient threshold lambda set in the step (5)ColdThe value range is as follows: lambda is more than or equal to 0.98Cold≤1。
(6) Judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, recording the gear state of the current motor before closing, and then turning to the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(7) the main controller judges whether the current motor is in low gear operation or not, if so, the low gear operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the next step is carried out; if not, the current motor is in high-grade operation, and the high-grade operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the step (9) is carried out; wherein the running time TkeepHas a value range of T being not more than 4skeep≤6s。
(8) The main controller of the embodiment adopts the single chip microcomputer, and only voltage signals can be collected at present between the single chip microcomputers, so that the motor current signals collected by the single chip microcomputer are subjected to AD conversion and then current value conversion to obtain the motor voltage average value B, and whether the B is more than or equal to a set value xi is judged1λA1If yes, the motor keeps running in a resisting mode, then the step (10) is carried out, if not, the motor is switched to be in a high-grade mode, and then the step (10) is carried out; wherein ξ1The proportionality coefficient set for low-gear operation of the range hood, A1The average value of the motor voltage when the range hood runs at a low gear under the condition of smooth flue;
(9) the main controller collects the motor current value detected in real time, obtains the average value of the motor voltage as B after AD signal conversion, and judges whether B is more than or equal to a set value xi2λA2If yes, the motor is switched to low-gear operation, then the next step is executed, if not, the motor keeps high-gear operation, and then the next step is executed; wherein ξ2Proportional coefficient set for high-grade operation of range hood，A2The average value of the motor voltage of the range hood in high-grade operation under the condition of smooth flue;
(10) and in order to avoid frequent switching of the motor, after the interval time delta t, returning to the step (2) to judge the opening and closing state of the motor and the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor again.
Considering that the current value of the motor is changed in real time during actual work and is difficult to be just kept at the limit point of a set value, in order to effectively judge the condition of smooth flue and ensure that the range hood can make a timely gear adjustment reaction, a proportionality coefficient xi can be set in front of the motor voltage average value obtained by testing in advance1、ξ2Coefficient of proportionality xi1、ξ2The value range of (1) can be more than or equal to 0.75 and less than or equal to xi1＝ξ20.85 or less, and xi is set in this embodiment1＝ξ20.8. Coefficient of proportionality xi1、ξ2The setting sets an effective threshold value for the judgment of the main controller, and can ensure that the range hood can adjust the gear in time.
When the motor is switched between low gear and high gear, different setting values xi can be adopted in consideration of the influence of the cold and hot state coefficients of the motor on the current value of the motor1λA1And xi2λA2Whether the flue is unobstructed when the motor runs at a low gear and a high gear is respectively judged.
In order to prevent frequent jumping of the range hood gear when the current of the motor changes greatly, the range hood needs to operate for a period of time after being switched to a low gear or a high gear, and the current value of the motor is collected after the range hood is stabilized to ensure the stability of the operation of the range hood, and the operation time T in the steps iskeepCan be set to T within a range of 4s to Tkeep≤6s。
Average value A of motor voltage in the above steps1And A2The predetermined values obtained in the factory test mode may be realized by the following methods.
Average value of motor voltage A1Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a testing environment with a smooth flue, the range hood is switched to a low gear, and the running time T is1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects a motor current signal, obtains a motor voltage signal after AD conversion and obtains an average value A1Then A is added1Writing into the memory of the host controller.
Average value of motor voltage A2Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a testing environment with a smooth flue, the range hood is switched to a high grade, and the running time is T1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects a motor current signal, and after AD conversion or motor voltage signal is obtained and an average value A is obtained2Then A is added2Writing into the memory of the host controller.
In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measured values in the factory testing process, the running time T is required after the range hood is switched every time1Running time T1The value range of (1.5 s) is less than or equal to T1Less than or equal to 4 s; in actual operation, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the calculated value and ensure that the maximum motor voltage average value, T, can be measured1For mains with a frequency of 50HZ, 100 cycles may be sampled and then averaged, taking as much as 4s as possible.
In the prior art, a test circuit adopting a sliding rheostat scheme needs to be adjusted through the sliding rheostat to obtain a fixed gear shifting value for software control, due to the consistency problem of an alternating current motor and a current transformer, the fixed parameter mode of the sliding rheostat can cause different conditions detected by different machines, under the condition that an actual flue is unblocked, the detection result of some equipment is unblocked, and the detection result of some equipment is blocked, so that the inaccuracy of the detection result is finally caused, and the user experience is poor;
on the basis of the existing common wind pressure detection circuit, the automatic speed regulation of the range hood is directly realized by adopting a software mode, a full-wave rectifier bridge and a sliding rheostat do not need to be additionally arranged, the production procedures are reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the control mode is simpler and more direct.
In the embodiment, the initial working condition is written into a memory of the main controller in advance, meanwhile, a proportionality coefficient is set to judge whether a flue is smooth, when the range hood starts an automatic speed regulation method, if the flue is detected to be blocked (namely the motor voltage is reduced), the range hood starts high-grade; if it is detected that the flue is not blocked (namely, the motor voltage is large), the range hood opens the low gear, the range hood can switch the high and low gears according to the actual state whether the flue is unobstructed or not, the consistency of the detection result is good, the speed regulation of the range hood is more stable and reliable, and the user experience is better.
This embodiment has still increased the judgement to the cold and hot attitude mode of motor, has fully considered the motor from closing to opening or from opening to the influence that its winding change changed the motor current voltage value change of in-process of closing, accords with alternating current motor's characteristic more, through the calculation to cold and hot attitude coefficient, has improved the precision that the gear was judged for the switching of motor gear accords with the user's actual flue's situation of use more, and the regulation of motor gear is more reasonable effective.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic speed regulation method of a range hood is characterized in that: setting the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor of the range hood as lambda, wherein the change of the cold and hot state coefficient lambda of the motor along with the time t satisfies the following formula
Wherein, λ (t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor at the current moment; lambda (t plus delta t) is the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor after the time delta t; delta t is the cold and hot state coefficient change interval time; τ is a time constant; epsilon is the maximum amplitude of the current reduction of the motor; e is a natural constant;
the automatic speed regulating method of the range hood comprises the following steps:
(1) the motor is powered on, and the initial value of the cold and hot state coefficient of the motor is set to be 1;
(2) judging whether the motor is started or not by the main controller, if so, calculating according to the formula 1 to obtain a cold-hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, detecting the current value of the motor of the range hood in real time, and then turning to the next step; if not, calculating according to a formula 2 to obtain a cold and hot state coefficient lambda of the motor, and then turning to the next step;
(3) judging whether the motor is closed in the current state, if so, executing the next step; if not, turning to the step (6);
(4) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, executing the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(5) the main controller judges whether the current motor cold-hot state coefficient is larger than or equal to a set cold state coefficient threshold lambdaColdIf yes, setting the motor gear to be in low-gear operation, and then executing the step (10); if not, setting the motor gear as the gear in the last closing state, and then executing the step (10);
(6) judging whether the motor is closed or not in the next state by the main controller, if so, recording the gear state of the current motor before closing, and then executing the step (10); if not, executing the next step;
(7) the main controller judges whether the current motor is in low gear operation or not, if so, the low gear operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the next step is carried out; if not, the current motor is in high-grade operation, and the high-grade operation time T is maintainedkeepThen, the step (9) is carried out;
(8) the main controller collects the motor current value detected in real time, obtains the average value of the motor voltage as B after AD signal conversion, and judges whether B is more than or equal to a set value xi1λA1If yes, the motor keeps running in a resisting mode, then step (10) is executed, if not, the motor is switched to a high-grade mode, and then step (10) is executed; wherein ξ1The proportionality coefficient set for low-gear operation of the range hood, A1The average value of the motor voltage when the range hood runs at a low gear under the condition of smooth flue;
(9) the main controller collects the motor current value detected in real time, obtains the average value of the motor voltage as B after AD signal conversion, and judges whether B is more than or equal to a set value xi2λA2If yes, the motor is switched to low-gear operation, then the next step is executed, if not, the motor keeps high-gear operation, and then the operation is executedThe next step; wherein ξ2The proportionality coefficient set for high-grade operation of the range hood, A2The average value of the motor voltage of the range hood in high-grade operation under the condition of smooth flue;
(10) and returning to the step (2) after the interval time Deltat.
2. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the average value A of the motor voltage1Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a state that a flue is unobstructed, the range hood is switched to a low gear, and the running time T is1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects current signals of the motor and obtains the average value A of the voltage of the motor after AD conversion1And A is1Writing into the memory of the host controller.
3. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the average value A of the motor voltage2Obtained by the following method: the range hood is placed in a state that a flue is unobstructed, the range hood is switched to a high grade, and the running time is T1After the range hood runs stably, the main controller collects current signals of the motor and obtains the average value A of the voltage of the motor after AD conversion2And A is2Writing into the memory of the host controller.
4. The automatic speed regulation method of a range hood according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the running time T1The value range of (1.5 s) is less than or equal to T1≤4s。
5. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the proportionality coefficient xi1、ξ2The value range of (1) is more than or equal to 0.75 and less than xi1＝ξ2≤0.85。
6. The automatic speed regulation method of range hood according to claim 1, characterized in thatThe method comprises the following steps: the running time TkeepHas a value range of T being not more than 4skeep≤6s。
7. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the value range of the cold and hot state coefficient change interval time delta t is as follows: delta t is more than or equal to 4s and less than or equal to 6 s.
8. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the value range of the time constant tau is as follows: 980s < τ <1020 s.
9. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the value range of the maximum amplitude epsilon of the motor current reduction is as follows: 0.25< epsilon < 0.27.
10. The automatic speed regulation method of the range hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold state coefficient threshold lambda set in the step (5)ColdThe value range is as follows: lambda is more than or equal to 0.98Cold≤1。
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