CN112460087B - Hydraulic system of kitchen garbage truck and sealing unloading control method - Google Patents

Hydraulic system of kitchen garbage truck and sealing unloading control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112460087B
CN112460087B CN201910848626.0A CN201910848626A CN112460087B CN 112460087 B CN112460087 B CN 112460087B CN 201910848626 A CN201910848626 A CN 201910848626A CN 112460087 B CN112460087 B CN 112460087B
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China
Prior art keywords
control valve
rear door
oil cylinder
oil
flashboard
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201910848626.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112460087A (en
Inventor
周春伟
尹腾飞
田敬中
彭宽洋
吕正威
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Henan Senyuan Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Henan Senyuan Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Publication of CN112460087A publication Critical patent/CN112460087A/en
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Publication of CN112460087B publication Critical patent/CN112460087B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/20—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors controlling several interacting or sequentially-operating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/24—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/28—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle by a lengthwise movement of a wall, e.g. a plate, a piston, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F2003/006—Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic system of a kitchen garbage truck and a sealed unloading control method, wherein the hydraulic system comprises: a hydraulic pump; the executing element comprises a push shovel oil cylinder, a rear door oil cylinder, a spiral motor and a gate plate oil cylinder; the control element comprises a push shovel control valve, a rear door control valve, a motor control valve and a flashboard control valve; the pressure sensor is used for detecting a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline; a controller receives the pressure signal. Has the advantages that: the controller firstly controls the rear door control valve to open, and controls the rear door control valve to close when the pressure signal is higher than a set value, so as to ensure that the rear door is closed; then opening the flashboard control valve, and controlling the flashboard control valve to close after ensuring that the flashboard is opened in place; and finally, opening the push shovel control valve and the motor control valve to start sealed unloading. The whole process is realized by the cooperation of the pressure sensor and the controller, manual investigation and control are not needed, the work of operators is saved, and the process of sealed unloading becomes simple and convenient.

Description

Hydraulic system of kitchen garbage truck and sealing unloading control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic system of a kitchen garbage truck and a sealing unloading control method.
Background
The kitchen garbage truck is mainly used for collecting and transporting municipal food waste (swill), household garbage and the like, the discharging mode of the kitchen garbage truck mainly comprises two discharging modes, one mode is that a pushing shovel is used for discharging, a rear door is opened during discharging, the pushing shovel is used for moving backwards to discharge, the other mode is that the kitchen garbage truck is sealed for discharging, the rear door is closed during discharging, a gate plate on the rear door is opened, then a spiral conveying auger and the pushing shovel are started, and garbage is discharged from a discharging port of the gate plate.
For example, the utility model discloses a kitchen garbage truck that chinese utility model patent that granted bulletin number is CN202729065U discloses, including chassis and the dustbin of setting on the chassis, the dustbin includes the box, the box top is provided with the charging hole, the rear portion is provided with the back door, the lateral part is provided with hoist mechanism, be provided with in the box and be used for compressing rubbish and the shovel that pushes away of discharge, the bottom of back door is provided with the bin outlet, auger and flashboard are carried to the spiral, the flashboard is used for sealing and opens the bin outlet, auger is used for carrying rubbish to bin outlet department, back door department still is provided with after the back door is closed the locking device that locks the back door. The existing kitchen garbage truck generally controls the actions of all mechanisms through a hydraulic system, for example, a lifting mechanism is controlled through a lifting oil cylinder, a spiral conveying auger is driven through a hydraulic motor, and the kitchen garbage truck also comprises a rear door oil cylinder for controlling the opening and closing of a rear door, a push shovel oil cylinder for controlling the action of a push shovel, a locking oil cylinder for controlling the action of a locking device and a gate plate oil cylinder for controlling the opening and closing of a gate plate.
When sealed unloading is carried out, the rear door is in a closed state, the flashboard is opened, the discharge port is exposed, and then the push shovel and the spiral conveying auger act, so that the garbage in the box body can be discharged out of the box body from the discharge port. Therefore, when the sealing discharge is carried out, the rear door is required to be tightly closed, otherwise, garbage leaks out from a combined gap between the rear door and the box body, and the surrounding environment is polluted. At present, in the prior art, only manual inspection can be carried out, namely, whether a rear door is closed tightly or not needs to be checked before sealed unloading, so that the work of operators is increased, the operation is troublesome, and the unloading is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic system of a kitchen waste truck, which can conveniently carry out sealed unloading; the invention also aims to provide a sealed unloading control method of the kitchen waste truck, which can conveniently carry out sealed unloading.
In order to achieve the purpose, the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydraulic system of a kitchen waste truck comprises:
a hydraulic pump;
the oil inlet pipeline is communicated with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump;
the actuating element comprises a push shovel oil cylinder connected with the push shovel, a rear door oil cylinder connected with the rear door, a spiral motor used for driving the spiral conveying auger to rotate, and a gate plate oil cylinder connected with the gate plate;
the control element is communicated with the hydraulic pump through an oil inlet pipeline and is connected with the corresponding execution element, and the control element comprises a push shovel control valve for controlling the push shovel oil cylinder to act, a rear door control valve for controlling the rear door oil cylinder to act, a motor control valve for controlling the spiral motor to act and a flashboard control valve for controlling the flashboard oil cylinder to act;
the hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck further comprises:
the pressure sensor is connected to the oil inlet pipeline and used for detecting a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline;
the controller is connected with the pressure sensor and used for receiving the pressure signal;
under the control of the controller, the sealed unloading process of the hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a controller controls a rear door control valve to open, so that a rear door oil cylinder performs the action of closing a rear door, a pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline after the rear door control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, when the pressure signal is higher than a set value A, the controller controls the rear door control valve to close, and the set value A corresponds to the oil pressure in the oil inlet pipeline after the rear door oil cylinder acts in place;
secondly, after the rear door control valve is closed, the controller controls the opening of the flashboard control valve to enable the flashboard oil cylinder to execute the action of opening the flashboard, the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline after the flashboard control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, and when the pressure signal is higher than a set value B, the controller controls the flashboard control valve to be closed, wherein the set value B corresponds to the oil pressure in an oil inlet pipeline after the flashboard oil cylinder acts in place;
and thirdly, after the flashboard control valve is closed, the controller controls the push shovel control valve and the motor control valve to be opened in a certain sequence or simultaneously so as to enable the push shovel oil cylinder to execute the action of pushing out the push shovel and the screw motor to execute the action of driving the screw conveying auger to rotate, so that sealed unloading is carried out, and the garbage is discharged from a discharge port on the back door.
The hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck has the advantages that: by arranging the pressure sensor and the controller, the controller firstly controls the rear door to open and receives a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline, and only when the pressure signal is higher than a set value, the rear door is controlled to close, so that the rear door is ensured to be closed; then opening the flashboard control valve, and controlling the flashboard control valve to close after the flashboard is ensured to be opened in place; and finally, opening the push shovel control valve and the motor control valve to start sealed unloading, so that the garbage is discharged from a discharge port on the rear door.
The whole process is realized by the cooperation of the pressure sensor and the controller, manual investigation and control are not needed, the work of operators is saved, and the process of sealed unloading becomes simple and convenient.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the rear door cannot be opened due to misoperation or extrusion of garbage after being closed and is convenient to control, the actuating element further comprises a locking oil cylinder connected with the locking device, and the locking oil cylinder and the rear door oil cylinder are respectively connected with the rear door control valve through sequence valves, so that when the rear door is closed, the locking oil cylinder acts behind the rear door oil cylinder, and the rear door is locked by the locking device after the rear door is closed; when the back door is opened, the locking oil cylinder acts before the back door oil cylinder, so that the locking device releases the locking of the back door before the back door is opened.
Furthermore, in order to conveniently and visually observe the pressure in the oil inlet pipeline, the oil inlet pipeline is also connected with a pressure measuring joint, and the pressure measuring joint is provided with a pressure gauge.
A sealed unloading control method of a kitchen waste truck comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a controller controls the opening of a rear door control valve in a hydraulic system to enable a rear door oil cylinder in the hydraulic system to execute the action of closing the rear door, a pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic system after the rear door control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, when the pressure signal is higher than a set value A, the controller controls the rear door control valve to close, and the set value A corresponds to the oil pressure in an oil inlet pipeline after the rear door oil cylinder acts in place;
after the rear door control valve is closed, the controller controls the opening of a gate plate control valve in the hydraulic system to enable a gate plate oil cylinder in the hydraulic system to execute the action of opening the gate plate, a pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic system after the gate plate control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, and when the pressure signal is higher than a set value B, the controller controls the closing of the gate plate control valve, wherein the set value B corresponds to the oil pressure in the oil inlet pipeline after the gate plate oil cylinder acts in place;
and thirdly, after the flashboard control valve is closed, the controller controls a push shovel control valve and a motor control valve in the hydraulic system to be opened in a certain sequence or simultaneously so as to enable a push shovel oil cylinder in the hydraulic system to execute the action of pushing out a push shovel and a screw motor to execute the action of driving a screw conveying auger to rotate, so that sealed unloading is carried out, and the garbage is discharged from a discharge port on the back door.
The technical scheme of the sealed unloading control method of the kitchen garbage truck has the beneficial effects that: through the cooperation of the pressure sensor and the controller, the controller firstly controls the rear door control valve to open and receives a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline, and only when the pressure signal is higher than a set value, the rear door control valve is controlled to close, so that the rear door is ensured to be closed; then opening the flashboard control valve, and controlling the flashboard control valve to close after the flashboard is ensured to be opened in place; and finally, opening the push shovel control valve and the motor control valve to start sealed unloading, so that the garbage is discharged from a discharge port on the rear door.
The whole process is realized by the cooperation of the pressure sensor and the controller, manual investigation and control are not needed, the work of operators is saved, and the process of sealed unloading becomes simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of a hydraulic system of a kitchen waste truck according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of the feeding process of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck;
fig. 3 is a control flow chart of the sealed discharging process of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck according to the invention.
In the figure: 1. an oil tank; 2. an oil inlet filter; 3. a stop valve; 4. a hydraulic pump; 5. an oil return filter; 6. an oil inlet one-way valve; 7. a pressure measuring joint; 8. a pressure sensor; 9. an overflow valve; 10. switching off the electromagnetic valve; 11. a lift control valve; 12. a one-way throttle valve; 13. lifting the oil cylinder; 14. a water pump motor control valve; 15. protecting the one-way valve; 16. a water pump motor; 17. a push shovel discharge control valve; 18. a push shovel cylinder; 19. a rear door control valve; 20. a first sequence valve; 21. a one-way balancing valve; 22. a rear door oil cylinder; 23. a bidirectional hydraulic lock; 24. locking the oil cylinder; 25. a second sealed discharge control valve; 26. a first sealed discharge control valve; 27. a screw motor control valve; 28. a screw motor; 29. a gate control valve; 30. a bidirectional hydraulic lock; 31. a gate cylinder; 32. a control valve group; 33. a second sequence valve.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of a hydraulic system of a kitchen garbage truck is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a hydraulic pump 4, a control valve group 32 consisting of a plurality of control elements and executing elements correspondingly connected with the control elements, wherein the hydraulic pump 4 provides power through a gearbox power takeoff or a motor, oil is absorbed from an oil tank 1, the oil is delivered to an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 4 through an oil absorption filter 2 and a stop valve 3, pressure oil is provided to the control valve group 32 from an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 4 through an external oil inlet pipeline, an internal oil inlet pipeline is arranged in the control valve group 32, and the external oil inlet pipeline is communicated with the internal oil inlet pipeline.
The execution element in this embodiment includes: a lifting oil cylinder 13 used for being connected with a garbage can lifting mechanism, a water pump motor 16 used for being connected with a cleaning water pump, a push shovel oil cylinder 18 used for being connected with a push shovel, a back door oil cylinder 22 used for being connected with a back door, a locking oil cylinder 24 used for being connected with a locking device, a screw motor 28 used for driving a screw conveying auger to rotate, and a gate plate oil cylinder 31 used for being connected with a gate plate.
The control elements within the control valve block 32 include: the device comprises an oil inlet one-way valve 6, an overflow valve 9, a cut-off electromagnetic valve 10, a water pump motor control valve 14, a push shovel unloading control valve 17, a rear door control valve 19, a sequence valve 20, a second sealed unloading control valve 25, a first sealed unloading control valve 26, a spiral motor control valve 27, a gate plate control valve 29 and a bidirectional hydraulic lock 30. When the oil inlet check valve 6 stops acting, the pressure oil is prevented from flowing back to cause the reverse rotation of the hydraulic pump 4, and the overflow valve 9 has the functions of stabilizing the pressure of the hydraulic system and protecting the safety.
The control elements outside the control valve block 32 include: a lifting control valve 11, a one-way throttle valve 12, a protection one-way valve 15, a one-way balance valve 21 and a two-way hydraulic lock 23.
Wherein, the cut-off electromagnetic valve 10, the lifting control valve 11 and the one-way throttle valve 12 are connected with the lifting oil cylinder 13 to control the action of the lifting oil cylinder 13; the water pump motor control valve 14 and the protection one-way valve 15 are connected with the water pump motor 16 to control the action of the water pump motor 16; the push shovel unloading control valve 17, the second sealed unloading control valve 25 and the first sealed unloading control valve 26 are connected with the push shovel oil cylinder 18, so that two unloading modes of push shovel unloading and sealed unloading are realized; the rear door control valve 19 and the first sequence valve 20 are connected with the locking oil cylinder 24, the rear door control valve 19 and the second sequence valve 33 are connected with the rear door oil cylinder 22, the first sequence valve 20 and the second sequence valve 33 are used for controlling the sequential actions of the rear door oil cylinder 22 and the locking oil cylinder 24, the rear door oil cylinder is also connected with a one-way balance valve 21, and the locking oil cylinder 24 is connected with a two-way hydraulic lock 23; the screw motor control valve 27 and the first seal discharge control valve 26 are connected with the screw motor 28 and control the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the screw motor 28; the shutter control valve 29 and the two-way hydraulic lock 30 are connected to a shutter cylinder 31, and control the operation of the shutter cylinder 31.
As shown in fig. 1, the on-off solenoid valve 10, the push shovel unloading control valve 17, the rear door control valve 19, the spiral motor control valve 27, and the shutter control valve 29 are all three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valves, the water pump motor control valve 14 and the first sealing unloading control valve 26 are two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valves, and the second sealing unloading control valve 25 is a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve.
Wherein the cut-off solenoid valve 10 is connected in series between the internal oil inlet pipeline and the lifting control valve 11, the cut-off solenoid valve 10 has an H-type neutral position function, and is in an unloading state when power is not supplied. When DT1 is electrified, pressure oil reaches lift control valve 11 through the upper position of cut-off solenoid valve 10, and lift control valve 11 is a manual control reversing valve with a handle, and the operation of garbage feeding can be realized by operating the handle of lift control valve 11 to push or pull. When DT2 is energized, pressure oil flows into the lower position of the opening solenoid valve 10, but since the lower oil inlet passage is eventually sealed, the pressure oil can flow into control valves such as the water pump motor control valve 14, the shovel discharge control valve 17, the rear gate control valve 19, the screw motor control valve 27, and the shutter control valve 29 downstream of the control valve group, that is, these valves are intended to operate, and DT2 of the opening solenoid valve 10 must be energized.
In addition, an inner oil inlet pipeline in the control valve group 32 is also connected with a pressure sensor 8 and a pressure measuring joint 7, and the pressure sensor 8 and the pressure measuring joint 7 are arranged at an oil inlet of the control valve group 32 and are positioned at the downstream of the oil inlet one-way valve 6. The pressure sensor 8 is used for detecting a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline, and a pressure gauge (not shown in the figure) is installed on the pressure measuring connector 7 so as to visually display the pressure at the oil inlet.
The hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck further comprises a controller (not shown in the figure) connected with the pressure sensor 8, the on-off solenoid valve 10, the water pump motor control valve 14, the push shovel unloading control valve 17, the rear door control valve 19, the second sealed unloading control valve 25, the first sealed unloading control valve 26, the spiral motor control valve 27 and the gate plate control valve 29, wherein the pressure sensor 8 has a higher set pressure, when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline is higher than a set pressure value, the pressure signal is sent to the controller, and after receiving the signal, the controller controls the on-off of the corresponding valve.
The controller has four control states, namely control of feeding, control of pushing shovel discharging, control of sealing discharging and control of cleaning, and the four control states are introduced one by one.
Firstly, the feeding is controlled, and the feeding control method of the kitchen garbage truck in the process is as follows: when the garbage throwing is needed, a throwing operation button is pressed, and at the moment, in order to ensure that the push shovel is retracted to the position and the rear door and the gate plate are closed to the position, the first action is not performed by the lifting oil cylinder 13, but by the push shovel oil cylinder 18, the rear door oil cylinder 22, the locking oil cylinder 24 and the gate plate oil cylinder 31.
Therefore, when the controller is in a feeding control state, firstly, the DT2 of the on-off electromagnetic valve 10 is controlled to be electrified, then the DT5 of the push shovel unloading control valve 17 is electrified, pressure oil enters a rod cavity of the push shovel oil cylinder 18 through the port B2 through the lower position of the push shovel unloading control valve 17, a rodless cavity returns oil through the port A2 to finish retraction action, after the push shovel retracts to the position, the push shovel oil cylinder 18 does not act any more, then the pressure in the oil inlet pipeline rises, when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal is higher than a set value, the push shovel is considered to retract to the position, at the moment, the pressure sensor 8 sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnet of the push shovel unloading control valve 17 to be electrified to return to the neutral position, and the push shovel unloading control valve 17 is closed.
And then carrying out a flashboard sealing action, electrifying the DT12 of the flashboard control valve 29, enabling pressure oil to pass through the upper position of the flashboard control valve 29, then entering a rodless cavity of a flashboard oil cylinder 31 through the bidirectional hydraulic lock 30 and the port A8, returning oil through the port B8 and the bidirectional hydraulic lock 30 in a rod cavity, completing the flashboard sealing action, when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal is higher than a set value, namely the flashboard is considered to be sealed in place, sending a signal to the controller by the pressure sensor 8, and controlling the electromagnet of the flashboard control valve 29 to be de-electrified by the controller to return to the neutral position, thereby closing the flashboard control valve 29. The bidirectional hydraulic lock 30 is used for preventing the gate plate oil cylinder from being sealed untight due to vibration in the running process of the vehicle, and has the functions of leakage prevention and locking.
And finally, the rear door is closed, the DT6 of the rear door control valve 19 is electrified, pressure oil is divided into two paths after passing through the upper position of the rear door control valve 19, one path firstly enters a rodless cavity of the rear door oil cylinder 22 through the port A3, the other path temporarily cannot pass through the first sequence valve 20, when the pressure of the rodless cavity of the rear door oil cylinder 22 reaches a certain degree, the one-way balance valve 21 is opened, the rod cavity of the rear door oil cylinder 22 starts oil return, the pressure oil flows back to the oil tank through the port B4, the rear door oil cylinder 22 extends out, the pressure in an oil path begins to rise after the rear door oil cylinder extends out to the proper position until the set pressure of the first sequence valve 20 is reached, so that the first sequence valve 20 is opened, then the pressure oil enters the rodless cavity of the locking oil cylinder 24 through the port A4 and the two-way hydraulic lock 23, the rod cavity starts oil return through the ports B3 and the two-way hydraulic lock 23, the locking oil cylinder 24 extends out, and drives the locking device to lock the rear door tightly. When the pressure sensor 8 detects that the pressure signal is higher than a set value (the set value is larger than the oil pressure in the oil inlet pipeline after the rear door oil cylinder 22 and the locking oil cylinder 24 both act in place), the rear door is considered to be closed in place and locked, at the moment, the pressure sensor 8 sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnet of the rear door control valve 19 to lose power, the electromagnet returns to the middle position, and the rear door control valve 19 is closed.
The one-way balance valve 21 plays a role in preventing the rear door from stalling and falling due to self weight after being opened, and the two-way hydraulic lock 23 enables the locking oil cylinder 24 to be locked more firmly.
After the push shovel unloading control valve 17, the gate plate control valve 29 and the rear gate control valve 19 are opened and closed in sequence, the DT1 of the cut-off solenoid valve is controlled by the controller to be electrified, pressure oil enters the lifting control valve 11 through an A0 port through the upper position of the cut-off solenoid valve, the middle position of the lifting control valve 11 is unloaded, and the pressure oil respectively enters a rodless cavity or a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 13 through the one-way throttle valve 12 through the pushing or pulling action of the handle of the lifting control valve 11, so that the garbage feeding action is realized. The one-way throttle valve 12 can slow down the ascending and descending actions of the garbage can, realize stable operation and prevent garbage or swill from splashing.
In the above garbage charging process, the push shovel discharging control valve 17 is used as the first valve which is opened and closed first, the gate plate control valve 29 is used as the second valve which is opened and closed later, and the rear gate control valve 19 is used as the third valve which is opened and closed last, in other embodiments, this sequence may be changed, for example, the gate plate control valve 29 may be used as the first valve, the rear gate control valve 19 as the second valve, and the push shovel discharging control valve 17 as the third valve, and of course, the rear gate control valve 19 may be used as the first valve, the push shovel discharging control valve 17 as the second valve, and the gate plate control valve 29 as the third valve, and there may be other arrangement sequences, which may be adjusted as required, and the control flow chart of the whole control method is shown in fig. 2.
In addition, in the garbage feeding process, the pressure sensor 8 has a set value, only when the pressure signal is higher than the set value, the pressure sensor 8 sends the pressure signal to the controller, then the controller receives the signal and controls the opening and closing of the corresponding valve, and the three valves are all closed when the pressure signal is higher than the same set value. In other embodiments, the set value may also be a set value of the controller, the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline and transmits the pressure signal to the controller in real time, and when the pressure signal is higher than the set value of the controller, the controller controls the corresponding valve to open and close.
The above is the garbage feeding process of the hydraulic system, and two discharging modes are introduced below.
Firstly, when the push shovel is required to unload materials, the push shovel unloading operation button is pressed down to enable the controller to be in a push shovel unloading control state, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the back door is opened. The process is as follows: the DT2 of the on-off electromagnetic valve 10 and the DT7 of the rear door control valve 19 are powered, pressure oil is divided into two paths after passing through the lower position of the electromagnetic valve 19, one path firstly enters a rod cavity of the locking oil cylinder 24 through the port B3 and the two-way hydraulic lock 23, the other path temporarily cannot pass through the second sequence valve 33, a rodless cavity of the locking oil cylinder 24 returns oil through the two-way hydraulic lock 23 and the port A4, the locking oil cylinder 24 retracts and unlocks after retracting to the proper position, when the oil circuit pressure reaches the set pressure of the second sequence valve 33, the second sequence valve 33 is opened, the pressure oil enters a rod cavity of the rear door oil cylinder 22 through the port B4 and the one-way balance valve 21, the rodless cavity returns oil through the port A3, the rear door oil cylinder 22 retracts, the rear door is opened, when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline is higher than the set value, the rear door is considered to be opened, the rear door control sensor 8 sends a signal to the controller, the electromagnet of the rear door control valve 19 is powered off and returns to the middle position, and the rear door control valve 19 is closed.
And step two, pushing out the push shovel. The process is as follows: the DT4 of the push shovel unloading control valve 17 is electrified, pressure oil enters a rodless cavity of the push shovel oil cylinder 18 through an A2 port through the upper position of the push shovel unloading control valve 17, a rod cavity returns oil through a B2 port, the push shovel oil cylinder 18 starts to drive the push shovel to push out, garbage unloading operation is carried out, when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline is higher than a set value, the push shovel is considered to be in place, and garbage unloading is finished.
And thirdly, retracting the push shovel. The DT5 of the shovel discharge control valve 17 is energized in the same manner as described above for the retraction of the shovel during the garbage charging process and will not be described in detail here.
And fourthly, closing the rear door. The DT6 of the rear door control valve 19 is energized in the same manner as the rear door is closed during the waste charging process described above and will not be described in detail here. And finishing all the discharging actions.
Then, the sealing unloading is carried out, and the sealing unloading control method of the kitchen garbage truck in the process is specifically as follows: when sealed unloading is needed, referring to fig. 3, a sealed unloading operation button is pressed down to enable a controller to be in a sealed unloading control state, and the sealed unloading control method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the controller controls the opening of the rear door control valve 19, the DT6 of the rear door control valve 19 is powered on, the rear door oil cylinder 22 performs the action of closing the rear door, and the locking oil cylinder 24 locks the rear door, so as to ensure the sealing performance of the rear door.
And secondly, opening the gate plate. The process is as follows: the DT13 of the gate control valve 29 is electrified, pressure oil enters a rod cavity of the gate cylinder 31 through the bidirectional hydraulic lock 30 and the port B8 through the lower position of the gate control valve 29, a rodless cavity returns oil through the port A8 and the bidirectional hydraulic lock 30, the gate cylinder 31 retracts, the gate is opened, and when the pressure sensor 8 detects that a pressure signal is higher than a set value, the gate is opened in place. The bidirectional hydraulic lock 30 is to make the ram cylinder 31 more reliably sealed and closed.
And thirdly, operating the spiral conveying auger. The process is as follows: the DT11 of the screw motor control valve 27 is electrified, at the same time, the first sealed unloading control valve 26 and the second sealed unloading control valve 25 which have the serial connection function are electrified simultaneously, namely the DT8 and the DT9 are electrified simultaneously, at the moment, pressure oil enters the oil inlet of the screw motor 28 through the opening B6 through the lower position of the screw motor control valve 27, the pressure oil at the oil outlet enters the upper position of the first sealed unloading control valve 26 through the opening A6, then finally enters the rodless cavity of the push shovel oil cylinder 18 through the opening B7, hydraulic oil with the rod cavity enters the upper position of the second sealed unloading control valve 25 through the opening T2 and then returns to the oil tank, the screw motor 28 drives the spiral conveying auger to operate, the garbage is discharged from the garbage bin through the discharge port on the rear door, meanwhile, the push shovel oil cylinder 18 drives the push shovel to push the garbage to the rear part of the bin body, and sealed unloading of the garbage is completed.
Of course, in the above process, when the DT11 of the screw motor control valve 27 is powered on, the DT8 and the DT9 may not be controlled to be powered on, at this time, the pressure oil passes through the oil outlet of the screw motor 28, enters the lower position of the first sealed unloading control valve 26 through the port A6, and then directly returns to the oil tank through the screw motor control valve 27, and at this time, only the screw conveying auger is operated. After the spiral conveying auger discharges a part of garbage at the rear part of the garbage can, the DT8 and the DT9 are controlled to be electrified, so that the push shovel pushes the garbage to the rear part of the garbage can body.
After unloading, need wash the dustbin, press the washing operating button this moment, make the controller be in and wash the control state, the process is: the DT2 of the on-off electromagnetic valve 10 and the DT3 of the water pump motor control valve 14 are powered on simultaneously, pressure oil reaches an oil inlet of the water pump motor 16 through an A1 port through an upper position of the water pump motor control valve 14, the pressure oil of an oil outlet returns to an oil tank through a B1 port, the water pump motor 16 drives the cleaning water pump to complete cleaning operation, and the protection one-way valve 15 plays a role in preventing the cleaning water pump from being damaged due to reverse rotation of the water pump motor 16 when an oil way is reversely connected.
The control valve group of the hydraulic system is in an integrated design, so that pipeline connection and leakage are reduced, and energy loss is reduced; the system can make the push shovel, the rear door and the flashboard firstly act before the feeding operation, so as to ensure that the push shovel, the rear door and the flashboard are all positioned at the positions where the push shovel, the rear door and the flashboard are positioned, and the garbage feeding is more convenient and safer; in addition, before sealed unloading, the action of the rear door is also carried out firstly, so that the sealing effect of the rear door is ensured, the garbage is prevented from leaking from other places of the rear door, and the quality of sealed unloading is improved; the two discharging modes can meet the common discharging requirements of suburbs and rural areas, improve the discharging efficiency and meet the discharging requirement under the leakage-free condition of urban districts; the cleaning operation is convenient, the cleaning requirements on the inside and the outside of the vehicle box body are met, and the cleanness and the attractiveness of the vehicle are guaranteed. Meanwhile, the hydraulic system reduces the maintenance cost of a user, improves the operation efficiency, is very convenient for various operations, and has the advantages of high economy, strong practicability and reliable performance.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck, the actuating element may not include a water pump motor, that is, the kitchen waste truck does not have an automatic cleaning function, and at this time, the kitchen waste truck may be manually cleaned by using an external water source.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck, the pressure measuring joint and the pressure sensor can also be connected to an external oil inlet pipeline.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck, the oil inlet pipeline may not be connected with the pressure measuring joint, and at the moment, the pressure is detected only by the pressure sensor.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck, the locking oil cylinder and the rear door oil cylinder are not connected with the rear door control valve through the sequence valve, but are additionally provided with a locking control valve for controlling the locking oil cylinder to act, so that the locking oil cylinder can be controlled independently.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck, the actuating element may not include a locking cylinder, and the closing effect of the rear door is ensured only by the rear door cylinder.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen waste truck, the on-off solenoid valve may not have a middle unloading function, for example, the on-off solenoid valve is only a two-position four-way solenoid valve, the upper position of the on-off solenoid valve can be connected to the lifting control valve, the lower position of the on-off solenoid valve can enable pressure oil to enter valves such as a push shovel unloading control valve and a rear door control valve, and at this time, an unloading valve can be additionally connected to the oil inlet pipeline, so as to ensure the unloading function of the system.
In other embodiments of the hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck, the lifting control valve and the oil inlet pipeline can be disconnected from each other by a disconnection solenoid valve, the lifting control valve is directly connected with the oil inlet pipeline, at the moment, an indicator lamp or a buzzer is needed on the controller, when the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are sequentially opened and closed, the indicator lamp is controlled by the controller to be turned on or the buzzer sounds to give a warning signal, and therefore an operator is reminded to manually control the lifting control valve to perform garbage feeding operation.

Claims (3)

1. A hydraulic system of a kitchen waste truck comprises:
a hydraulic pump;
the oil inlet pipeline is communicated with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump;
the actuating element comprises a push shovel oil cylinder connected with the push shovel, a rear door oil cylinder connected with the rear door, a spiral motor used for driving the spiral conveying auger to rotate, and a gate plate oil cylinder connected with the gate plate;
the control element is communicated with the hydraulic pump through an oil inlet pipeline and is connected with the corresponding execution element, and the control element comprises a push shovel control valve for controlling the push shovel oil cylinder to act, a rear door control valve for controlling the rear door oil cylinder to act, a motor control valve for controlling the spiral motor to act and a flashboard control valve for controlling the flashboard oil cylinder to act;
its characterized in that, kitchen garbage truck's hydraulic system still includes:
the pressure sensor is connected to the oil inlet pipeline and used for detecting a pressure signal on the oil inlet pipeline;
the controller is connected with the pressure sensor and used for receiving the pressure signal;
under the control of the controller, the sealed unloading process of the hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a controller controls a rear door control valve to open, so that a rear door oil cylinder performs the action of closing a rear door, a pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline after the rear door control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, when the pressure signal is higher than a set value A, the controller controls the rear door control valve to close, and the set value A corresponds to the oil pressure in the oil inlet pipeline after the rear door oil cylinder acts in place;
secondly, after the rear door control valve is closed, the controller controls the opening of the flashboard control valve to enable the flashboard oil cylinder to execute the action of opening the flashboard, the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal on an oil inlet pipeline after the flashboard control valve is opened, the controller receives the pressure signal, and when the pressure signal is higher than a set value B, the controller controls the flashboard control valve to be closed, wherein the set value B corresponds to the oil pressure in an oil inlet pipeline after the flashboard oil cylinder acts in place;
and thirdly, after the flashboard control valve is closed, the controller controls the push shovel control valve and the motor control valve to be opened in a certain sequence or simultaneously so as to enable the push shovel oil cylinder to execute the action of pushing out the push shovel and the screw motor to execute the action of driving the screw conveying auger to rotate, so that sealed unloading is carried out, and the garbage is discharged from a discharge port on the back door.
2. The hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck as recited in claim 1, wherein the actuator further comprises a locking cylinder for connecting with a locking device, the locking cylinder and the rear door cylinder are respectively connected with the rear door control valve through a sequence valve, so that when the rear door is closed, the locking cylinder acts behind the rear door cylinder, and the rear door is locked by the locking device after the rear door is closed; when the back door is opened, the locking oil cylinder acts before the back door oil cylinder, so that the locking device releases the locking of the back door before the back door is opened.
3. The hydraulic system of the kitchen garbage truck according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pressure measuring joint is further connected to the oil inlet pipeline, and a pressure gauge is installed on the pressure measuring joint.
CN201910848626.0A 2019-09-09 2019-09-09 Hydraulic system of kitchen garbage truck and sealing unloading control method Expired - Fee Related CN112460087B (en)

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DE4243578A1 (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-06-23 Faun Umwelttechnik Gmbh Hydraulic circuit for garbage truck
CN203638493U (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-06-11 长沙中联重科环卫机械有限公司 Garbage truck discharging hydraulic control system and garbage truck
CN204957521U (en) * 2015-08-21 2016-01-13 一汽(四川)专用汽车有限公司 Kitchen waste truck is with full self sealing system of unloading
CN209306281U (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-08-27 河南森源重工有限公司 A kind of refuse collecting truck and its control system
CN109607001B (en) * 2018-12-29 2021-11-30 福建龙马环卫装备股份有限公司 Kitchen garbage truck push plate unloading control method

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