CN112459847A - Bladeless turbine and fluid working medium control method thereof - Google Patents
Bladeless turbine and fluid working medium control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459847A CN112459847A CN202011349180.6A CN202011349180A CN112459847A CN 112459847 A CN112459847 A CN 112459847A CN 202011349180 A CN202011349180 A CN 202011349180A CN 112459847 A CN112459847 A CN 112459847A
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- fluid
- turbine
- air inlet
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- bladeless
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/34—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes
- F01D1/36—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes using fluid friction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fluid working medium control method of a bladeless turbine, wherein the bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, the air inlets and the nozzles only select a single nozzle to conduct when working each time, gas is detected before the fluid working medium enters the turbine, and the attribute of the fluid working medium is judged, wherein the attribute comprises nanometer fluid, supercritical carbon dioxide, general gas and liquid, inlets and nozzles are selected according to different gas attributes and types, and a plurality of corresponding nozzles and inlets are arranged to adjust the efficiency and the power of the turbine according to the fluid working medium; the nozzle of the turbine realizes pressurization and ensures that fluid is uniformly and stably sprayed out, and the operation efficiency of the machine body is further improved. The stability of the fluid between the disks of the turbine is analyzed, whether the current efficiency is consistent or not is judged, the turbulence generated at the inlet can seriously influence the stability of the operation of the machine body, and the inlet of the turbine is optimally designed to reduce the occurrence frequency of the turbulence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of turbine control, in particular to a bladeless turbine and a fluid working medium control method thereof.
Background
As a power machine structure that uses fluid to impact an impeller to rotate, a turbine has been widely used in the fields of power generation, aviation, navigation, and the like. From the perspective of the application of fluid working media, turbines are generally classified into various types, such as steam turbines, gas turbines, and water turbines. Due to the structural features and operational principles, many technical problems of conventional turbines (e.g., vane turbines) need to be considered in the design, manufacture and application processes, such as the complicated shape of the turbine blades, the tendency of the blades and piston expansion devices to leak air between the stationary housing and the rotary power unit, and the incompatibility of the fluid with high viscosity, high abrasiveness, solid particles, or two-phase flow (e.g., the erosion and contamination of the blades when the turbine working fluid is nanofluid).
The blade-free Tesla turbine driven by fluid shearing force has the characteristics of simple structure, relatively low requirement on manufacturing tolerance, outstanding sealing performance and the like, and during operation, fluid can generate pressure gradient (positively correlated with the square of flow velocity) to be balanced with the centrifugal force of a disc so as to prevent components such as a bearing and the like from being damaged due to over-speed operation. Meanwhile, a centrifugal force field is generated in the operation process, so that the machine body has self-cleaning performance, and the turbine can normally operate under the condition that the working medium is unconventional fuel (such as biomass) and generates solid particles. Therefore, the method has unique adaptability in the aspects of utilizing grinding fluid, fluid containing solid particles and other fluid working media with special physical and chemical properties.
At present, because various circulating systems such as a supercritical steam Rankine cycle and a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle are in an exploration phase, a Tesla turbine has a remarkable potential for replacing a traditional turbine in production practice due to characteristics of the Tesla turbine. Compared with the conventional vane turbine which is still used at present, the tesla turbine has relatively low energy conversion efficiency, and the main reasons are inlet and nozzle pressure loss, bearing energy loss, end cover surface fluid viscosity loss, fluid dissipation loss in a pressurizing chamber and the like caused by structural characteristics of the tesla turbine. If the problem of energy loss is solved by a targeted research, the application range of the tesla turbine in the industrial field can be greatly expanded by improving the actual energy conversion efficiency of the tesla turbine.
At present, Tesla turbines cannot be put into production practice formally due to relatively low energy conversion efficiency. And for different working mediums of the existing bladeless turbine, when the working mediums are different, the energy conversion efficiency is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, the invention discloses a fluid working medium control method of a bladeless turbine, wherein the bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, and only a single nozzle and an air inlet are selected to conduct every time the plurality of air inlets and nozzles work, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting gas before the fluid working medium enters a turbine, and determining the attribute of the fluid working medium, wherein the attribute comprises a nano fluid, supercritical carbon dioxide, a general gas and a liquid;
step 2, when the fluid working medium is detected to be nano fluid, controlling the fluid working medium to realize pressurization through a nozzle of a pressurization air inlet pair and ensure that the fluid is uniformly and stably sprayed out, and simultaneously measuring the volume fraction of particles in the nano fluid, and when the volume fraction reaches a first set value and/or the gain of the nano fluid on the output power of the bladeless turbine exceeds a first power value, no pressurization is carried out on the nano fluid, and the current pressure is maintained;
step 3, when the fluid working medium is detected to be supercritical carbon dioxide, the selected conduction air inlet is a supercritical air inlet, the supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced into the supercritical fluid for treatment and then acts on the bladeless turbine through the turbine air inlet, wherein the treatment process comprises the steps of performing isentropic compression, isobaric cooling, isobaric heat absorption and isentropic expansion on the supercritical carbon dioxide again to reduce parameter errors of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the input process, a low-pressure working medium firstly enters the compressor to be increased to high pressure, absorbs heat of the working medium discharged by the turbine through the heat regenerator, absorbs the heat from a heat source through the heat exchanger to reach the highest temperature, then enters the turbine to act to push the generator to work, the working medium discharged by the turbine releases partial heat through the heat regenerator, and finally enters the next cycle after being cooled by the preheater;
and 4, when the fluid working medium is detected to be general gas and liquid, determining that the bladeless turbine has medium-low power requirement, and conducting through any air inlet and any nozzle without considering the power loss of the nozzle and the air inlet to the bladeless turbine.
Furthermore, the step 2 of controlling the fluid working medium to realize pressurization through the nozzle of the pressurization air inlet pair and ensuring uniform and stable ejection of the fluid further comprises: the air inlet completes air inlet work on the input fluid working medium by the air chamber through the diffuser and the pressurizing chamber.
Furthermore, the fluid at the air inlet is detected, whether turbulent flow is generated or not is judged by acquiring the fluid attribute at the air inlet, and if the turbulent flow is judged to be generated, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of the turbulent flow is less than a second preset value.
Further, the stability of the fluid between the disks of the bladeless turbine is analyzed (flow rate), and the stable flow of the fluid between the disks is maintained in a laminar flow stage by adjusting the communicated air inlet and nozzle and the fluid pressure and flow rate.
The bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, wherein only one nozzle is selected to be communicated with the air inlets when the plurality of air inlets and the nozzles work each time, all the air inlets are connected with a fluid connecting channel, a fluid detection device is arranged in the fluid connecting channel, and the fluid detection device is used for obtaining the attribute of the fluid and judging the type of the fluid.
The bladeless turbine further comprises an air inlet corresponding to the nanofluid, and the air inlet works on the input fluid working medium through a diffuser and a pressurizing chamber by utilizing an air chamber.
Furthermore, the fluid at the air inlet is detected, whether turbulent flow is generated or not is judged by acquiring the fluid attribute at the air inlet, and if the turbulent flow is judged to be generated, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of the turbulent flow is less than a second preset value.
Further, the stability of the fluid between the disks of the bladeless turbine is analyzed (flow rate), and the stable flow of the fluid between the disks is maintained in a laminar flow stage by adjusting the communicated air inlet and nozzle and the fluid pressure and flow rate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the working medium of the turbine is the nano fluid, the highest efficiency value can be ensured to be realized and high enough output power can be provided only when the flow parameter is properly selected, and the energy conversion loss of the turbine is mainly at an air inlet and a nozzle; compared with the prior art, the nozzle of the turbine realizes pressurization and ensures that fluid is uniformly and stably sprayed out, so that the operation efficiency of the machine body is further improved. The stability of the fluid between the disks of the turbine is analyzed, whether the current efficiency meets the preset condition or not is judged, moreover, the turbulence generated at the inlet of the turbine can seriously influence the stability of the operation of the machine body, and the inlet of the turbine is optimally designed to reduce the occurrence frequency of the turbulence.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the bladeless turbine fluid matter control of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example one
A method for controlling a fluid working medium of a bladeless turbine shown in fig. 1, wherein the bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, and only a single nozzle and air inlet are selected to conduct each time the plurality of air inlets and nozzles are operated, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting gas before the fluid working medium enters a turbine, and determining the attribute of the fluid working medium, wherein the attribute comprises a nano fluid, supercritical carbon dioxide, a general gas and a liquid;
step 2, when the fluid working medium is detected to be nano fluid, controlling the fluid working medium to realize pressurization through a nozzle of a pressurization air inlet pair and ensure that the fluid is uniformly and stably sprayed out, and simultaneously measuring the volume fraction of particles in the nano fluid, and when the volume fraction reaches a first set value and/or the gain of the nano fluid on the output power of the bladeless turbine exceeds a first power value, no pressurization is carried out on the nano fluid, and the current pressure is maintained;
step 3, when the fluid working medium is detected to be supercritical carbon dioxide, the selected conduction air inlet is a supercritical air inlet, the supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced into the supercritical fluid for treatment and then acts on the bladeless turbine through the turbine air inlet, wherein the treatment process comprises the steps of performing isentropic compression, isobaric cooling, isobaric heat absorption and isentropic expansion on the supercritical carbon dioxide again to reduce parameter errors of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the input process, a low-pressure working medium firstly enters the compressor to be increased to high pressure, absorbs heat of the working medium discharged by the turbine through the heat regenerator, absorbs the heat from a heat source through the heat exchanger to reach the highest temperature, then enters the turbine to act to push the generator to work, the working medium discharged by the turbine releases partial heat through the heat regenerator, and finally enters the next cycle after being cooled by the preheater;
and 4, when the fluid working medium is detected to be general gas and liquid, determining that the bladeless turbine has medium-low power requirement, and conducting through any air inlet and any nozzle without considering the power loss of the nozzle and the air inlet to the bladeless turbine.
Furthermore, the step 2 of controlling the fluid working medium to realize pressurization through the nozzle of the pressurization air inlet pair and ensuring uniform and stable ejection of the fluid further comprises: the air inlet completes air inlet work on the input fluid working medium by the air chamber through the diffuser and the pressurizing chamber.
Furthermore, the fluid at the air inlet is detected, whether turbulent flow is generated or not is judged by acquiring the fluid attribute at the air inlet, and if the turbulent flow is judged to be generated, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of the turbulent flow is less than a second preset value.
Further, the stability of the fluid between the disks of the bladeless turbine is analyzed (flow rate), and the stable flow of the fluid between the disks is maintained in a laminar flow stage by adjusting the communicated air inlet and nozzle and the fluid pressure and flow rate.
The bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, wherein only one nozzle is selected to be communicated with the air inlets when the plurality of air inlets and the nozzles work each time, all the air inlets are connected with a fluid connecting channel, a fluid detection device is arranged in the fluid connecting channel, and the fluid detection device is used for obtaining the attribute of the fluid and judging the type of the fluid.
The bladeless turbine further comprises an air inlet corresponding to the nanofluid, and the air inlet works on the input fluid working medium through a diffuser and a pressurizing chamber by utilizing an air chamber.
Furthermore, the fluid at the air inlet is detected, whether turbulent flow is generated or not is judged by acquiring the fluid attribute at the air inlet, and if the turbulent flow is judged to be generated, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of the turbulent flow is less than a second preset value.
Further, the stability of the fluid between the disks of the bladeless turbine is analyzed (flow rate), and the stable flow of the fluid between the disks is maintained in a laminar flow stage by adjusting the communicated air inlet and nozzle and the fluid pressure and flow rate.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of controlling a fluid working medium in a bladeless turbine, said bladeless turbine comprising a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, said plurality of air inlets and nozzles being operable to select only a single nozzle for communication with an air inlet, said method comprising the steps of:
step 1, detecting gas before the fluid working medium enters a turbine, and determining the attribute of the fluid working medium, wherein the attribute comprises a nano fluid, supercritical carbon dioxide, a general gas and a liquid;
step 2, when the fluid working medium is detected to be nano fluid, controlling the fluid working medium to realize pressurization through a nozzle of a pressurization air inlet pair and ensure that the fluid is uniformly and stably sprayed out, and simultaneously measuring the volume fraction of particles in the nano fluid, and when the volume fraction reaches a first set value and/or the gain of the nano fluid on the output power of the bladeless turbine exceeds a first power value, no pressurization is carried out on the nano fluid, and the current pressure is maintained;
step 3, when the fluid working medium is detected to be supercritical carbon dioxide, the selected conduction air inlet is a supercritical air inlet, the supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced into the supercritical fluid for treatment and then acts on the bladeless turbine through the turbine air inlet, wherein the treatment process comprises the steps of performing isentropic compression, isobaric cooling, isobaric heat absorption and isentropic expansion on the supercritical carbon dioxide again to reduce parameter errors of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the input process, a low-pressure working medium firstly enters the compressor to be increased to high pressure, absorbs heat of the working medium discharged by the turbine through the heat regenerator, absorbs the heat from a heat source through the heat exchanger to reach the highest temperature, then enters the turbine to act to push the generator to work, the working medium discharged by the turbine releases partial heat through the heat regenerator, and finally enters the next cycle after being cooled by the preheater;
and 4, when the fluid working medium is detected to be general gas and liquid, determining that the bladeless turbine has medium-low power requirement, and conducting through any air inlet and any nozzle without considering the power loss of the nozzle and the air inlet to the bladeless turbine.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2 of controlling said fluid medium to pressurize through a nozzle of a pressurized inlet pair and ensure a uniform and smooth ejection of fluid further comprises: the air inlet completes air inlet work on the input fluid working medium by the air chamber through the diffuser and the pressurizing chamber.
3. The method for controlling fluid working medium of a bladeless turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid at the air inlet is detected, and by obtaining the fluid property at the air inlet, whether turbulent flow occurs is determined, and if the turbulent flow occurs, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of occurrence of turbulent flow is less than a second preset value.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stability of the fluid between the disks of the bladeless turbine is analyzed (flow rate), and the stable flow of the fluid between the disks is maintained in a laminar flow stage by adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the fluid and the communicated air inlet and nozzle.
5. A bladeless turbine is characterized in that the fluid working medium control method according to claims 1-4 is applied, the bladeless turbine comprises a plurality of air inlets and nozzles, only a single nozzle and an air inlet are selected to conduct each time the plurality of air inlets and nozzles work, all the air inlets are connected with a fluid connecting channel, a fluid detection device is arranged in the fluid connecting channel, and the fluid detection device is used for obtaining the attribute of fluid and judging the type of the fluid.
6. The bladeless turbine of claim 5, wherein the inlet port for the nanofluid performs air inlet operation to the input fluid medium through the diffuser and the plenum chamber using the plenum chamber.
7. The bladeless turbine of claim 5, wherein the fluid at the air inlet is detected, and the fluid at the air inlet is obtained to determine whether turbulence occurs, and if it is determined that turbulence occurs, the air inlet is replaced until the frequency of occurrence of turbulence is less than a second predetermined value.
8. A bladeless turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that the analysis of the fluid stability (flow) between the disks of the bladeless turbine is performed, maintaining a stable flow of fluid between the disks in the laminar phase by adjusting the conducting air inlets and nozzles and the fluid pressure and flow rate.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113309577A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-27 | 深圳朴坂科技有限公司 | Adjustment method for turbine gasket of bladeless turbine and turbine |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113309577A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-27 | 深圳朴坂科技有限公司 | Adjustment method for turbine gasket of bladeless turbine and turbine |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |