CN112458347A - Cu-SiCp enhanced magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cu-SiCp enhanced magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/38—Coating with copper
Abstract
The invention relates to an alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy materials. A Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 to 9 percent of aluminum, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of zinc, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of manganese, 0.03 to 0.06 percent of silicon, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of copper and the balance of magnesium. The method has the advantages of uniform structure, good mechanical property and the like, and can be used for researching the formation and removal of C during the reaction of SiCp and the magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy materials.
Background
The magnesium alloy has good corrosion resistance, good shock resistance, low density and high specific strength and specific rigidity, and is widely applied to the departments of aerospace, transportation, electronic industry, chemical industry and the like. With the introduction of ceramic particles, the performance of the particle reinforced magnesium alloy is obviously improved. In the magnesium alloy, the selection of the reinforcing phase needs to take the wettability and the interface reaction between the reinforcing phase and a matrix into consideration, and the reinforcing phase also needs to have higher melting point, good load bearing capacity and excellent physicochemical compatibility. Compared with fiber reinforcement and whisker reinforcement, the particle reinforcement has the advantages of low price, no limitation on shape, no interference caused by mold forming, and relatively simple preparation process. The strength of the composite material prepared by fiber reinforcement is highly inconsistent when stressed in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, the strength in the longitudinal direction is greatly improved, but the transverse direction is not changed; composites made using whisker reinforcement tend to exhibit voids at the ends of the whiskers. The particle reinforcement is selected to prepare the composite material, so that the problems caused by the particle reinforcement can be solved, and the particle reinforcement can be subjected to aging strengthening and secondary processing, so that the composite material has wide application prospect. SiCp is chemically very stable and has very high strength, and is the most commonly used and effective external particle reinforcement in particle-reinforced magnesium alloy materials. Therefore, the preparation research of the magnesium alloy by taking SiC particles as the reinforcement has important significance. The prepared SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy with excellent performance not only solves the problem of the dissolubility between the SiCp and a magnesium matrix, but also ensures the dispersibility of the SiCp; furthermore, when SiCp is added to magnesium alloys, C is generated, and because C is less volatile and remains in the magnesium matrix, there are fewer reports on C formation and removal, and related articles have less research on C.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, which not only solves the problem of the leaching between SiCp and a magnesium matrix, but also ensures the dispersibility of SiCp; and the C formed by adding SiCp in the magnesium alloy can be preserved, so that the research on the formation and removal of the C is facilitated.
The invention solves the technical problem by the following technical scheme: the invention firstly provides a Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 to 9 percent of aluminum, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of zinc, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of manganese, 0.03 to 0.06 percent of silicon, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of copper and the balance of magnesium.
The magnesium alloy is pretreated to form the magnesium alloy with the following structure, and the magnesium alloy consists of an alloy body containing a cavity and an alloy upper cover matched with the alloy body. Acute angles are formed between the four walls of the cavity and the horizontal plane of the cavity, SiC particles plated with copper on the surface are arranged in the cavity, the alloy upper cover is positioned above the cavity and covered with the alloy body, and a glass purifying agent is filled in a covered gap.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy, which comprises the following steps: a cavity is formed in the upper surface of the magnesium alloy, and the four walls of the cavity form acute angles with the horizontal plane of the cavity; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by adopting chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp with required mass, putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity, covering an upper cover of a magnesium alloy, adding a glass cleaning agent into a gap, putting the gap into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, heating and smelting under the atmosphere of protective gas, and applying pulse current for treatment to obtain the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy.
The glass purifying agent is B2O3And Na-Ca-Si glass. The protective gas is Ar, and the heating smelting is electromagnetic induction smelting. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, selecting a proper crucible and an induction coil according to a sample;
secondly, cleaning the furnace body, putting the prepared magnesium alloy containing Cu-SiCp particles into a crucible, checking that each switch is in an initial closing state, and then closing the furnace door;
step three, opening a circulating water valve and a control power supply, vacuumizing and inflating;
fourthly, performing electromagnetic induction smelting in a protective gas atmosphere, and selecting a proper temperature interval to apply pulse current in a cooling stage;
and fifthly, opening an exhaust valve after the temperature is cooled to the room temperature, and sampling.
In the second step of the method, the crucible is made of boron nitride, the angle between the four walls of the chamber and the horizontal plane of the chamber is 20-40 degrees, the particle size of SiCp particles is 40-60um, and the addition of Cu-SiCp prepared by chemical copper plating is 4-7 wt%.
In the fourth step, the vacuum induction melting temperature is 720 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-50 min. When the pulse current is applied for treatment, the application temperature is higher than the first phase change point, the closing temperature is lower than the second phase change point, the action interval of the pulse current is between 600 and 400 ℃, the peak current is 1500 and 1800A, the pulse frequency is 20-30Hz, and the pulse width is 20-30 US.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the preparation method, the surface of SiCp is plated with a layer of copper, so that the wettability of the SiCp and a magnesium alloy matrix is improved; the chamber and the horizontal plane form a certain angle, so that the effect of eddy current on particles in induction heating is increased, and the dispersibility of Cu-SiCp in the magnesium alloy melt is increased.
The pulse current applied by the invention can improve the supercooling degree of the melt in the solidification process, thereby improving the nucleation rate; the applied temperature interval is beneficial to the exertion of the pulse current effect and the energy saving.
The glass purifying agent added in the invention can not only eliminate impurities, but also improve the supercooling degree of the melt in the solidification process, increase the nucleation rate and refine crystal grains.
In the invention, the Cu-SiCp with required mass is weighed and put into the chamber, and the magnesium alloy upper cover is covered, so that the volatilization of C generated by reaction can be prevented, and the research on the formation and removal of C is facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the prepared alloy not only has the advantages of uniform structure, good mechanical property and the like, but also can research the formation and removal of C when SiCp reacts with magnesium alloy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of an alloy of Mg with Cu-SiCp added in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a Cu-SiCp magnesium alloy without a magnesium alloy cap according to example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a Cu-SiCp magnesium alloy of example 3 of the present invention to which a pulse current was not applied.
FIG. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a blank Cu-SiCp magnesium alloy of example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the steps of magnesium alloy pretreatment and SiCp surface plating, wherein the magnesium alloy selected in the experiment is AZ91D magnesium alloy purchased from the market, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components, by mass, 9% of aluminum, 0.7% of zinc, 0.25% of manganese, 0.05% of silicon, 0.02% of copper and the balance magnesium; SiCp with particle size of 40-60um and 5 wt% of additive, and glass cleaning agent B2O3The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pretreating the magnesium alloy before smelting, namely opening a chamber 1 (shown in figure 1) with a proper size on the prepared magnesium alloy 2, wherein the chamber 1 forms an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp, putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity, and covering an upper cover of magnesium alloy.
(2) And (2) putting the prepared material in the step (1) into a BN crucible, adding a glass purifying agent into the gap, putting into a vacuum induction melting furnace, carrying out induction heating melting under the protective gas Ar atmosphere, preserving heat at 690 ℃ for 40min, and then cooling.
(3) In the cooling stage, a pulse current action is applied between 600 and 400 ℃, the peak current is 1800A, the pulse frequency is 25Hz, and the pulse width is 25 US. And closing the pulse current to cool along with the furnace, taking out the sample after cooling to room temperature, and carrying out test detection.
In the embodiment, the applied pulse current 3 can improve the supercooling degree of the melt in the solidification process, so that the nucleation rate is improved; the applied temperature interval is beneficial to the exertion of the pulse current effect and the energy saving. The Cu-SiCp with the required mass is weighed and put into the cavity, and the magnesium alloy upper cover is covered, so that the volatilization of C generated by reaction can be prevented, and the research on the formation and removal of C is facilitated. Other examples lack one or more of the conditions for comparison.
The structure of the Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy prepared by the embodiment is shown in figure 2, the structure is compact, the black substance is C, the C is clearly distributed on dendrites and has good uniformity, and the Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy is beneficial to further research on SiCp reinforced magnesium alloys by scientific researchers.
The magnesium alloy prepared in the embodiment is subjected to microhardness test, 7 test points are randomly selected, and the average microhardness HV4.972.45。
Example 2
A preparation method of a Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the steps of magnesium alloy pretreatment and SiCp surface plating, wherein the magnesium alloy selected in the experiment is AZ91D magnesium alloy purchased from the market, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components, by mass, 9% of aluminum, 0.7% of zinc, 0.25% of manganese, 0.05% of silicon, 0.02% of copper and the balance magnesium; SiCp with particle size of 40-60um and 5 wt% of additive, and glass cleaning agent B2O3The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pretreating the magnesium alloy before smelting, namely forming a cavity with a proper size on the prepared magnesium alloy, wherein the cavity and the horizontal plane form an angle of 30 degrees; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp, and putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity without an upper magnesium alloy cover.
(2) And (2) putting the prepared material in the step (1) into a BN crucible, adding a glass purifying agent into the gap, putting into a vacuum induction melting furnace, carrying out induction heating melting under the protective gas Ar atmosphere, preserving heat at 690 ℃ for 40min, and then cooling.
(3) In the cooling stage, a pulse current action is applied between 600 and 400 ℃, the peak current is 1800A, the pulse frequency is 25Hz, and the pulse width is 25 US. And closing the pulse current to cool along with the furnace, taking out the sample after cooling to room temperature, and carrying out test detection.
The structure of the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy prepared by the embodiment is shown in figure 3, the structure is compact, and black substances C are hardly on dendrites.
The magnesium alloy prepared in the embodiment is subjected to microhardness test, 7 test points are randomly selected, and the average microhardness HV4.972.28。
Example 3
The preparation method of the Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the steps of magnesium alloy pretreatment and SiCp surface plating, wherein the magnesium alloy selected in the experiment is AZ91D magnesium alloy purchased in the market, and each group of the magnesium alloy isThe aluminum alloy comprises 9 percent of aluminum, 0.7 percent of zinc, 0.25 percent of manganese, 0.05 percent of silicon, 0.02 percent of copper and the balance of magnesium by mass; SiCp with particle size of 40-60um and 5 wt% of additive, and glass cleaning agent B2O3The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pretreating the magnesium alloy before smelting, namely forming a cavity with a proper size on the prepared magnesium alloy, wherein the cavity and the horizontal plane form an angle of 30 degrees; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp, putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity, and covering an upper cover of magnesium alloy.
(2) And (2) putting the prepared material in the step (1) into a BN crucible, adding a glass purifying agent into the gap, putting into a vacuum induction melting furnace, carrying out induction heating melting under the protective gas Ar atmosphere, preserving heat at 690 ℃ for 40min, and then cooling.
(3) And in the cooling stage, no pulse current effect exists, and the sample is taken out after being cooled to room temperature for test detection.
The structure of the Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy prepared by the embodiment is shown in figure 4, the structure is sparse, and the uniformity of black substances C and C is poor.
The magnesium alloy prepared in the embodiment is subjected to microhardness test, 7 test points are randomly selected, and the average microhardness HV4.960.11。
Example 4
A preparation method of a Cu-SiCp-added reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the steps of magnesium alloy pretreatment and SiCp surface plating, wherein the magnesium alloy selected in the experiment is AZ91D magnesium alloy purchased from the market, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components, by mass, 9% of aluminum, 0.7% of zinc, 0.25% of manganese, 0.05% of silicon, 0.02% of copper and the balance magnesium; SiCp with particle size of 40-60um and 5 wt% of additive, and glass cleaning agent B2O3The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pretreating the magnesium alloy before smelting, namely forming a cavity with a proper size on the prepared magnesium alloy, wherein the cavity and the horizontal plane form an angle of 30 degrees; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp, and putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity without an upper magnesium alloy cover.
(2) And (2) putting the prepared material in the step (1) into a BN crucible, adding a glass purifying agent into the gap, putting into a vacuum induction melting furnace, carrying out induction heating melting under the protective gas Ar atmosphere, preserving heat at 690 ℃ for 40min, and then cooling.
(3) And in the cooling stage, no pulse current effect exists, and the sample is taken out after being cooled to room temperature for test detection.
The structure of the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy prepared in the embodiment is shown in figure 5, the structure is sparse, and no black substance C exists.
The magnesium alloy prepared in the embodiment is subjected to microhardness test, 7 test points are randomly selected, and the average microhardness HV4.959.77。
Compared with the embodiment examples 3 and 4, the embodiment examples 1 and 2 have dense dendrites, which shows that the pulse current refining effect is obvious, the microhardness is higher than that without the pulse current, and the finer the crystal grains are, the higher the hardness is, and the pulse current refining effect is objectively shown.
Compared with the embodiments 2 and 4, the black substance C is distributed on the dendrite, and the addition of the magnesium alloy upper cover can prevent the volatilization of the generated C, thereby being beneficial to further research on the formation and removal of the C in the SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy by scientific researchers.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 to 9 percent of aluminum, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of zinc, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of manganese, 0.03 to 0.06 percent of silicon, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of copper and the balance of magnesium.
2. The Cu — SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy of claim 1, wherein: the magnesium alloy consists of an alloy body containing a cavity and an alloy upper cover matched with the alloy body.
3. The Cu — SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy of claim 2, wherein: acute angles are formed between the four walls of the cavity and the horizontal plane of the cavity, SiC particles plated with copper on the surface are arranged in the cavity, the alloy upper cover is positioned above the cavity and covered with the alloy body, and a glass purifying agent is filled in a covered gap.
4. A preparation method of a Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy comprises the following steps: a cavity is formed in the upper surface of the magnesium alloy, and the four walls of the cavity form acute angles with the horizontal plane of the cavity; plating copper on the surface of purchased SiC particles by adopting chemical plating, weighing Cu-SiCp with required mass, putting the Cu-SiCp into a cavity, covering an upper cover of a magnesium alloy, adding a glass cleaning agent into a gap, putting the gap into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, heating and smelting under the atmosphere of protective gas, and applying pulse current for treatment to obtain the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy.
5. The method for preparing the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the glass purifying agent is B2O3And Na-Ca-Si glass.
6. The method for preparing the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the protective gas is Ar, and the heating smelting is electromagnetic induction smelting.
7. The method for preparing the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
firstly, selecting a proper crucible and an induction coil according to a sample;
secondly, cleaning the furnace body, putting the prepared magnesium alloy containing Cu-SiCp particles into a crucible, checking that each switch is in an initial closing state, and then closing the furnace door;
step three, opening a circulating water valve and a control power supply, vacuumizing and inflating;
fourthly, performing electromagnetic induction smelting in a protective gas atmosphere, and selecting a proper temperature interval to apply pulse current in a cooling stage;
and fifthly, opening an exhaust valve after the temperature is cooled to the room temperature, and sampling.
8. The method for preparing the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in the second step, the crucible is made of boron nitride, the angle of an acute angle formed by the four walls of the chamber and the horizontal plane of the chamber is 20-40 degrees, the particle size of SiCp particles is 40-60 microns, and the addition amount of Cu-SiCp prepared by chemical copper plating is 4-7 wt.%.
9. The method for preparing the Cu-SiCp reinforced magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in the fourth step, the vacuum induction melting temperature is 720 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-50 min.
10. The method for preparing a Cu-SiCp-reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 9, wherein: when the pulse current is applied for treatment, the application temperature is higher than the first phase change point, the closing temperature is lower than the second phase change point, the action interval of the pulse current is between 600 and 400 ℃, the peak current is 1500 and 1800A, the pulse frequency is 20-30Hz, and the pulse width is 20-30 US.
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| CN115287513A (en) * | 2022-08-06 | 2022-11-04 | 刘满全 | Red copper particle reinforced magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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