CN112458295A - Efficient mineral processing method for recycling iron blast furnace ash - Google Patents
Efficient mineral processing method for recycling iron blast furnace ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN112458295A CN112458295A CN202011170656.XA CN202011170656A CN112458295A CN 112458295 A CN112458295 A CN 112458295A CN 202011170656 A CN202011170656 A CN 202011170656A CN 112458295 A CN112458295 A CN 112458295A
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- magnetic separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
- C22B19/38—Obtaining zinc oxide in rotary furnaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a beneficiation method for recycling high-efficiency iron blast furnace dust in a circulating manner, which comprises the steps of ball milling, grading, size mixing, enrichment in a rotary kiln and the like, wherein two sections of vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separators are adopted for magnetic separation, so that the purity of valuable metal elements containing iron in magnetic materials is greatly improved, zinc elements are also enriched, carbon resources play a role in fuel in the rotary kiln, the reasonable utilization of carbon resources is ensured, tailings produced by the rotary kiln are subjected to magnetic separation again to obtain qualified iron ore concentrates, and the slag after the magnetic separation is dehydrated to serve as building materials; the mineral separation process has the advantages of simple flow, high resource recovery and utilization rate, good mineral separation environment, high economic benefit, no tailings and harmlessness in the whole production process, improves the economic benefit for the steel industry, and reduces the environmental protection pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of blast furnace ash recycling, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency ore dressing method for recycling iron blast furnace ash.
Background
The blast furnace dust mainly comprises iron, carbon, zinc and the like, and contains volatile harmful impurities such as fluorine, chlorine and the like. The powder is composed of particles generated by the violent reaction of blast furnace burden powder and a high-temperature area, and is one of the main solid wastes discharged by steel enterprises. The method adopted at the earliest is to pour the blast furnace dust into the field or carry out landfill without any treatment, and the harmful metals contained in the blast furnace dust can be slowly leached out under the action of rainwater to pollute the soil, the environment, rivers and animals and plants, and finally cause harm to human beings.
With the development of economy and society, the requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction become stricter, and many iron and steel enterprises can recycle the secondary resources of the blast furnace ash back to the pre-iron sintering process. However, the prior art is not environment-friendly enough, and can not efficiently and comprehensively recover iron and zinc elements, the accumulation of zinc in blast furnace dust is more and more, the normal operation of a blast furnace can be seriously influenced, and carbon resources and recycled slag can not be effectively utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency mineral processing method for recycling iron blast furnace dust, aiming at the problems that the prior art is not environment-friendly enough, can not efficiently and comprehensively recycle iron and zinc elements, and carbon resources and recycled slag can not be effectively utilized.
The invention is realized in this way, a high-efficiency iron blast furnace dust recycling beneficiation method, comprising:
step one, wet grinding the washed oversize material, feeding the ground ore pulp into a hydrocyclone for classification, regrinding the hydrocyclone sand setting material, mixing the hydrocyclone overflow material into ore pulp with the concentration of 20% -25%, and separating slag from the ore pulp;
step two, grinding the ore pulp separated from the slag in the step one until the material with the grain diameter of less than 0.074mm accounts for more than 80 percent (including 80 percent), and sequentially carrying out two-stage vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separation to recover iron ore concentrate;
step three, carrying out chemical examination and analysis on tailings subjected to magnetic separation in the step two, and if the grade of ZnO (zinc oxide) is not lower than 5.0 percent (including 5.0 percent), feeding the tailings into a rotary kiln to enrich crude zinc oxide, wherein a concentrate product discharged from the rotary kiln is the crude zinc oxide; if the ZnO grade is lower than 5.0 percent (excluding 5.0 percent), the ZnO grade is firstly added into a hydrocyclone for enrichment, the ZnO grade is improved to be not lower than 5.0 percent, and then the ZnO grade is added into a rotary kiln for enrichment of crude zinc oxide.
Meanwhile, the magnetic separation tailings contain part C (carbon), the part C does not need to be separated by flotation and enters the rotary kiln to serve as fuel, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by flotation is solved, and high added value of recovery of valuable elements of blast furnace ash is realized.
The tailings generated by the rotary kiln are semi-metallized sintering residues, mainly comprising metallic iron and ferroferric oxide Fe3O4And a part of Fe (iron) sesquioxide2O3；
Step four, grinding the tailings generated by the rotary kiln in the step three until the tailings accounts for more than 80 percent (including 80 percent) of the materials with the particle size of less than 0.074mm, and performing magnetic separation to recover iron ore concentrate.
And fifthly, concentrating the nonmagnetic substances obtained in the magnetic separation process in the fourth step through a thickening tank, and filtering through a ceramic filter to obtain filter residues.
The filter residue can be used as a building material as a byproduct, thereby realizing the recycling of tailings-free ores, reducing the environmental protection pressure and simultaneously solving the problem of stacking waste of land resources.
Further, in the second step, the first stage vertical ring pulse gradient magnetic separation device adopts a vertical ring pulse gradient magnetic separator, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 1100Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulse stroke is 8mm, and the frequency of impact is 150 r/min.
The step is mainly used for recovering sintered and oxidized magnetite Fe in blast furnace ash3O4；
Further, in the second step, the second section of vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separation equipment adopts a vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separator, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulsating stroke is 12mm, and the frequency of impact is 200 r/min.
The step is mainly used for further recovering the weak magnetic iron mineral Fe in the blast furnace ash2O3。
Further, in the fifth step, the magnetic separation equipment adopts a vertical ring pulse gradient strong magnetic machine, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulse stroke is 12mm, and the frequency of impact is 200 r/min.
Step five, mainly recovering metal iron and Fe from the rotary kiln3O4And a part of Fe2O3(TFe content of the comprehensive iron ore concentrate is 55%).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the magnetic separation device adopts two sections of vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separators for magnetic separation, the gradient is high, the pulse can repeatedly wash and screen nonmagnetic minerals in magnetic materials, impurities are removed to the greatest extent, and finally the purity of valuable metal elements containing iron in the magnetic materials is greatly improved;
(2) the invention not only effectively recovers valuable element iron in the blast furnace dust, improves economic benefit for the steel industry, but also enriches zinc;
(3) the rotary kiln is adopted to treat the magnetic separation tailings, so that a crude zinc oxide product meeting smelting standards is obtained, carbon resources play a role of fuel in the rotary kiln, the reasonable utilization of the carbon resources is ensured, and the economic benefit is improved for the comprehensive recycling of blast furnace ash;
(4) tailings produced by adopting a rotary kiln are mainly semi-metallized sintering slag, 70 percent of slag materials of the part are metallic iron, qualified iron ore concentrate can be obtained by magnetic separation and recovery again, and the slag materials after the magnetic separation can be used as building materials after dehydration;
(5) the beneficiation process disclosed by the invention is simple in flow, high in resource recovery rate, good in beneficiation environment and high in economic benefit, and the whole production process is free of tailings and harmlessness, so that the economic benefit is improved for the steel industry, and the environmental protection pressure is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a beneficiation method for recycling high-efficiency iron blast furnace ash provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a specific process flow diagram for recycling the iron blast furnace ash in high efficiency according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A beneficiation method for recycling iron blast furnace dust efficiently comprises the following specific steps:
s101, feeding washed oversize materials into a ball mill for wet grinding, feeding the ground ore pulp into a hydrocyclone for classification, feeding cyclone sand settling materials into the ball mill for regrinding, mixing cyclone overflow materials into a stirring barrel to obtain ore pulp with the concentration of 20% -25%, feeding the ore pulp into a cylindrical slag separation sieve for slag separation treatment, and taking the ore pulp as a magnetic separation selection material preparation;
s102, grinding the ore pulp after slag separation in the step S101 until the ore pulp with the particle size smaller than 0.074mm accounts for more than 80% (including 80%), and sequentially recovering iron ore concentrate through two sections of magnetic separation equipment;
the first stage of magnetic separation equipment adopts a SLon vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator (prior art), the feeding concentration is 20 percent, the magnetic field intensity is 1100Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulsating stroke is 8mm, the frequency of impact is 150r/min, and the magnetic separation equipment is mainly used for recovering sintered and oxidized magnetite Fe in blast furnace dust3O4；
The second stage of magnetic separation adopts an SLon vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic machine, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulsating stroke is 12mm, and the frequency of impact is 200 r/min;
step S102 is mainly used for further recovering the weak magnetic iron mineral Fe in the blast furnace ash2O3；
The TFe content of the comprehensive iron ore concentrate is 50 percent, and the recovery rate is 75 percent.
S103, carrying out chemical analysis on tailings subjected to magnetic separation, wherein the ZnO grade is not lower than 5.0%, and directly feeding the tailings into a rotary kiln to enrich crude zinc oxide; if the ZnO grade is lower than 5.0 percent (excluding 5.0 percent), the ZnO grade is firstly enriched in a hydrocyclone, and the ZnO grade is improved to 5.0 percent and then the ZnO grade enters a rotary kiln.
The working principle of enriching crude zinc oxide in a rotary kiln is as follows: in a rotary kiln at the temperature of 1200K, carbon resources are contained in tailings materials as reducing agents, crude zinc oxide in the kiln is subjected to reduction reaction [ 2ZnO + C-2 Zn + CO2 ], the obtained metal zinc is volatilized in the form of steam, condensing equipment is adopted for recovery, and the enriched metal zinc product level reaches the smelting standard;
enrichment principle of the hydrocyclone: after the ZnO-containing material enters a hydrocyclone, under the action of water flow power, gravity and the like, the material with high specific gravity is settled into bottom flow, and the material with low specific gravity is discharged outside through overflow, so that the aim of separation and enrichment is fulfilled;
the concentrate product from the rotary kiln is crude zinc oxide, and the grade reaches 45.0%.
Meanwhile, the magnetic separation tailings contain part of carbon, the grade of C reaches 30.0%, the part of carbon does not need to be separated by flotation and enters the rotary kiln to serve as fuel, the problem of environmental pollution caused by flotation is solved, and meanwhile, the high added value of blast furnace ash valuable element recovery is realized.
And S104, grinding the tailings generated in the rotary kiln in the step S103 until the materials with the particle size of less than 0.074mm account for more than 80%, and performing magnetic separation to recover iron ore concentrate.
In the step, the magnetic separation equipment adopts an SLon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic machine, the feeding concentration is 20 percent, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is a 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulsating stroke is 12mm, the frequency of impact is 200r/min, and the metal iron and the ferroferric oxide Fe which are discharged from the rotary kiln are mainly recovered3O4And a part of Fe (iron) sesquioxide2O3And the TFe content of the comprehensive iron ore concentrate is 55 percent.
S105, concentrating the nonmagnetic substances obtained in the magnetic separation process in the step S104 through a thickening tank, and filtering through a ceramic filter (the ceramic filter is the prior art) to obtain filter residues.
The filter residue can be used as a building material as a byproduct, thereby realizing the recycling of tailings-free ores, reducing the environmental protection pressure and simultaneously solving the problem of stacking waste of land resources.
The invention is successfully obtained by tests in a certain ore dressing plant containing carbon, zinc and iron blast furnace ash in Shanxi, and main product parameters are obtained: the TFe grade of the iron ore concentrate is 52.08 percent, and the recovery rate is 56.88 percent; the crude zinc oxide ZnO grade is 41.66 percent, and the recovery rate is 93.39 percent; the tailings from the rotary kiln are ground until the tailings accounts for 80 percent in a size of-200 meshes, and qualified iron ore concentrate TFe grade 55.01 percent is obtained after strong magnetic primary separation, and the recovery rate is 43.12 percent. Through the data analysis, the method recovers valuable crude zinc oxide while obtaining high-quality iron ore concentrate, and carbon resources are used as fuel in the rotary kiln, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of the resources is improved, and the added value of the product is increased.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the magnetic separation device adopts two sections of vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separators for magnetic separation, the gradient is high, the pulse can repeatedly wash and screen nonmagnetic minerals in magnetic materials, impurities are removed to the greatest extent, and finally the purity of valuable metal elements containing iron in the magnetic materials is greatly improved;
(2) the invention not only effectively recovers valuable element iron in the blast furnace dust, improves economic benefit for the steel industry, but also enriches zinc;
(3) the rotary kiln is adopted to treat the magnetic separation tailings, so that a crude zinc oxide product meeting smelting standards is obtained, carbon resources play a role of fuel in the rotary kiln, the reasonable utilization of the carbon resources is ensured, and the economic benefit is improved for the comprehensive recycling of blast furnace ash;
(4) tailings produced by adopting a rotary kiln are mainly semi-metallized sintering slag, 70 percent of slag materials of the part are metallic iron, qualified iron ore concentrate can be obtained by magnetic separation and recovery again, and the slag materials after the magnetic separation can be used as building materials after dehydration;
(5) the beneficiation process disclosed by the invention is simple in flow, high in resource recovery rate, good in beneficiation environment and high in economic benefit, and the whole production process is free of tailings and harmlessness, so that the economic benefit is improved for the steel industry, and the environmental protection pressure is reduced.
The invention can continuously produce high-quality iron ore concentrate and crude zinc oxide ore concentrate products in large scale, thereby maximizing the profits of the steel industry and having wide industrial application prospect in the aspect of comprehensive recycling of tailings.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ore dressing method for recycling the iron blast furnace dust efficiently is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, wet grinding the washed oversize material, feeding the ground ore pulp into a hydrocyclone for classification, regrinding the hydrocyclone sand setting material, mixing the hydrocyclone overflow material into ore pulp with the concentration of 20% -25%, and separating slag from the ore pulp;
step two, grinding the ore pulp separated from the slag in the step one until the material with the particle size of less than 0.074mm accounts for more than 80%, and sequentially performing two-stage vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separation to recover iron ore concentrate;
step three, carrying out chemical examination and analysis on the tailings subjected to the magnetic separation in the step two, if the ZnO grade is not lower than 5.0%, entering a rotary kiln to enrich crude zinc oxide, if the ZnO grade is lower than 5.0%, entering a hydrocyclone to enrich, increasing the ZnO grade to be not lower than 5.0%, and then entering the rotary kiln to enrich crude zinc oxide;
step four, grinding the tailings generated in the rotary kiln in the step three until the tailings accounts for more than 80% of the materials with the particle size of less than 0.074mm, and performing magnetic separation to recover iron ore concentrate;
and fifthly, concentrating the nonmagnetic substances obtained in the magnetic separation process in the fourth step through a thickening tank, and filtering through a ceramic filter to obtain filter residues.
2. The ore dressing method for recycling high-efficiency iron blast furnace ash according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the first-stage vertical ring pulse gradient magnetic separation device adopts a vertical ring pulse gradient magnetic separator, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 1100Gs, the magnetic medium is 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulse stroke is 8mm, and the frequency of impact is 150 r/min.
3. The ore dressing method for recycling and utilizing high-efficiency iron blast furnace ash according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the second section of vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separation equipment adopts a vertical ring pulsating gradient magnetic separator, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulsating stroke is 12mm, and the frequency of impact is 200 r/min.
4. The ore dressing method for recycling and utilizing high-efficiency iron blast furnace ash according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a vertical ring pulse gradient strong magnetic machine is adopted as a magnetic separation device, the feeding concentration is 20%, the magnetic field intensity is 7000Gs, the magnetic medium is 2.0mm magnetic conduction stainless steel bar medium, the pulse stroke is 12mm, and the frequency of impact is 200 r/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115232971A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 赣州步莱铽新资源有限公司 | Method for recycling rare earth from neodymium iron boron chamfer mud |
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| CN111085336A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 江西理工大学 | Method for recovering iron raw material from rotary kiln slag and harmlessly converting tail slag |
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| CN1389303A (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2003-01-08 | 上海梅山(集团)有限公司 | Method of recovering iron concentrate from gas slime |
| CN102766718A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-07 | 新冶高科技集团有限公司 | Method for producing sponge iron and zinc-rich materials by blast furnace zinc-containing ash |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115232971A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 赣州步莱铽新资源有限公司 | Method for recycling rare earth from neodymium iron boron chamfer mud |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |