CN112457604A - Cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112457604A CN112457604A CN202011313529.0A CN202011313529A CN112457604A CN 112457604 A CN112457604 A CN 112457604A CN 202011313529 A CN202011313529 A CN 202011313529A CN 112457604 A CN112457604 A CN 112457604A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cable materials, in particular to a cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5-10 parts of polyamide, 3-5 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3-4 parts of cellulose, 3-5 parts of cold-resistant plasticizer, 2-3 parts of heat stabilizer, 2-3 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of talcum powder. The cable material is prepared by a step-by-step mixing method, the process steps are simple, and the prepared cable material has excellent cold resistance and high temperature resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable materials, in particular to a cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable is a conducting wire which is made of one or more mutually insulated conductors and an outer insulating protective layer and is used for transmitting power or information from one place to another place; the method is widely applied to industries such as electric power, building, communication, manufacturing and the like. The main structure of the cable is 'conductor + insulation + sheath'; the conductor is generally made of copper, aluminum or alloy thereof, and the insulation and sheath are generally made of materials such as polyvinyl chloride (hereinafter abbreviated as PVC), cross-linked polyethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as XLPE), halogen-free low-smoke polyolefin and the like, wherein PVC is most widely used. The cable is exposed outdoors for a long time, and the cable is exposed outdoors at low temperature (especially below 0 ℃ in northern areas), is illuminated, drenches and is repeatedly pulled for a long time, so that the cable is stiff and loses the proper elasticity, torsion resistance and bending resistance, and the insulation and the sheath are cracked when the cable is installed, so that the cable is not suitable for being installed and used in alpine areas and high-temperature areas. Based on this, the present application was studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: provides a cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
on the one hand, the application provides cold-resistant high temperature resistant cable material, its constitution includes:
20-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5-10 parts of polyamide, 3-5 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3-4 parts of cellulose, 3-5 parts of cold-resistant plasticizer, 2-3 parts of heat stabilizer, 2-3 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of talcum powder.
In a preferred embodiment, the cold-resistant plasticizer is selected from one or more of diisobutyl nylon acid, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl phthalate and isoprene liquid rubber.
In a preferred embodiment, the cold-resistant plasticizer is diisobutyl nylon acid and dibutyl phthalate.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of diisobutyl nylon acid to dibutyl phthalate is 1: 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat stabilizer is selected from one of calcium zinc heat stabilizer, lead salt heat stabilizer, and rare earth heat stabilizer.
In a preferred embodiment, the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] and/or 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.
On the other hand, the application provides a preparation method of the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material, which adopts the following raw materials: polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, N-phenyl substituted maleimide, cellulose, a cold-resistant plasticizer, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant and talcum powder.
In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyamide in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s2, placing the N-phenyl substituted maleimide, the cellulose and the cold-resistant plasticizer in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture B;
s3, mixing and stirring the mixture A and the mixture B for 20-30min, adding the rest raw materials, and continuously stirring to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, putting the mixture C into a preheated double-roller plasticator for plasticizing, and performing melt extrusion, cooling and granulation to obtain the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the mixing speed of the mixer is 1200 r/min.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the plasticizing time is 10 to 12 minutes and the steam pressure is 5.0 to 6.0kg/cm2The plasticizing temperature is 155-160 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the cable material has the advantages of improving the component composition and the dosage of the cable material, improving the cold resistance and the high temperature resistance of the cable material, greatly prolonging the service life of the cable and enlarging the use region of the cable. Specifically, N-phenyl substituted maleimide, diisobutyl nylon acid, dibutyl phthalate and the like are jointly adopted, so that the heat resistance and the cold resistance of the cable material are improved, the thermal stability time at 200 ℃ is more than 7.8h, and the low-temperature impact embrittlement temperature is more than-120 ℃. In addition, the preparation method provided by the application is simple in process, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and the cold resistance and the high temperature resistance of the prepared cable are superior to those of the cable prepared in one step.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment. In the present invention, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified, and the equipment and materials used are commercially available or commonly used in the art. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 3 parts of nylon acid diisobutyl ester, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Example 2
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 30 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 5 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 4 parts of cellulose, 5 parts of nylon acid diisobutyl ester, 3 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 3 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 2 parts of talcum powder.
Example 3
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 1.5 parts of diisobutyl nylon acid, 1.5 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Example 4
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 1.5 parts of diisobutyl nylon acid, 1.5 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 1 part of tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester, 1 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Example 5
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 1.5 parts of isoprene liquid rubber, 1.5 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 1 part of tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester, 1 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Example 6
The method for preparing the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material of example 4 comprises the following steps:
s1, placing polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyamide in a mixer to mix for half an hour at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain a mixture A;
s2, placing the N-phenyl substituted maleimide, the cellulose, the nylon acid diisobutyl ester and the dibutyl phthalate in a mixer to mix for 20min at the speed of 1000r/min to obtain a mixture B;
s3, mixing the mixture A with the mixture B (1500r/min), stirring for 20min, adding the rest raw materials, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture C;
s4, putting the mixture C into a preheated double-roller plasticator for plasticizing (steam pressure is 5.0-6.0 kg/cm)2And the temperature is 155-160 ℃, and the plasticization is carried out for 10 minutes), and the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material is obtained by melt extrusion, cooling and granulation.
Comparative example 1
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of cellulose, 3 parts of diisobutyl nylon acid, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Comparative example 2
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of diisobutyl nylon acid, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Comparative example 3
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Comparative example 4
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of cellulose, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Comparative example 5
A cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components: 20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3 parts of cellulose, 2 parts of lead salt heat stabilizer, 2 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 1 part of talcum powder.
Comparative example 6
The method for preparing the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material of example 4 comprises the following steps: all the raw materials are placed in a mixer to be mixed for 3 hours at 1200r/min to obtain a mixture; the mixture is put into a preheated double-roller plasticator for plastification (the steam pressure is 5.0-6.0 kg/cm)2And the temperature is 155-160 ℃, and the plasticization is carried out for 10 minutes), and the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material is obtained by melt extrusion, cooling and granulation.
Test example
The cable materials of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were pressed into sheets of the same thickness by a 45-ton flat plate hot press at 160 ℃ under a pressure of 3.71X 103 Pa, and cut into pieces according to the Standard "Flexible polyvinyl chloride plastics for Cable industry" of the Ministry of light industry. The conventional physical and mechanical performance tests are carried out according to the standard GBT5470-2008, the test results meet the conventional characteristics and mechanical performance of the cable, and the high-quality performance test items and results are shown in Table 1. The detection method comprises the following steps: tensile strength and elongation at break were carried out on a tensile tester as specified in GB 1040-92. The thermal stability time at 200 ℃ was carried out by Congo red reagent method according to the regulations of GB 2917-82. The method for measuring the low-temperature impact embrittlement temperature is carried out by referring to impact method catalytic temperature measurement of GBT 5470-2008.
Table 1.
| Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% | Thermal stability time/h at 200 DEG C | Low temperature impact embrittlement temperature/. degree.C | |
| Example 1 | 30 | 280 | 7.8 | -120 |
| Example 2 | 32 | 285 | 8.0 | -122 |
| Example 3 | 32 | 286 | 7.9 | -126 |
| Example 4 | 35 | 290 | 8.3 | -128 |
| Example 5 | 35 | 288 | 8.2 | -124 |
| Example 6 | 35 | 289 | 8.1 | -127 |
| Comparative example 1 | 25 | 245 | 4.5 | -116 |
| Comparative example 2 | 24 | 240 | 4.0 | -115 |
| Comparative example 3 | 21 | 225 | 6.5 | -50 |
| Comparative example 4 | 19 | 210 | 3.0 | -35 |
| Comparative example 5 | 23 | 220 | 6.0 | -40 |
| Comparative example 6 | 26 | 258 | 7.0 | -113 |
The cable material provided by the application greatly improves the cold resistance and high temperature resistance of the material while ensuring the original characteristics and mechanical properties of the material. The cable material of the embodiment has the advantages that the thermal stability time is 7.8-8.3h at 200 ℃ and the low-temperature impact embrittlement temperature is above-120 ℃; the cold and high temperature resistance far exceeds each proportion. Comparing the data of the examples and the comparative examples, it can be seen that the N-phenyl substituted maleimide has an important effect on the high temperature resistance, the cold-resistant plasticizer has an important effect on the cold resistance, and the cold-resistant plasticizer and the N-phenyl substituted maleimide act synergistically to affect the cold and high temperature resistance of the material. In addition, the use of cellulose, antioxidants and polyamide raw materials, as well as the process steps for preparing the materials, can also affect the properties of the cable material. In sum, due to the interaction of the components of the cable material, the cold resistance and the high temperature resistance of the material are greatly improved, and the cable product is more widely applied.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments thereof, but is to be understood as being modified in all respects, all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5-10 parts of polyamide, 3-5 parts of N-phenyl substituted maleimide, 3-4 parts of cellulose, 3-5 parts of cold-resistant plasticizer, 2-3 parts of heat stabilizer, 2-3 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of talcum powder.
2. The cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant plasticizer is one or more selected from diisobutyl nylon acid, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl phthalate and isoprene liquid rubber.
3. The cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant plasticizer is diisobutyl nylon acid and dibutyl phthalate.
4. The cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of diisobutyl nylon acid to dibutyl phthalate is 1: 1.
5. The cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat stabilizer is selected from one of calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, lead salt heat stabilizer and rare earth heat stabilizer.
6. The cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] and/or 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.
7. The preparation method of the cold-resistant high-temperature-resistant cable material is characterized by adopting the following raw materials:
polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, N-phenyl substituted maleimide, cellulose, a cold-resistant plasticizer, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant and talcum powder.
8. The preparation method of the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyamide in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s2, placing the N-phenyl substituted maleimide, the cellulose and the cold-resistant plasticizer in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture B;
s3, mixing and stirring the mixture A and the mixture B for 20-30min, adding the rest raw materials, and continuously stirring to obtain a mixture C;
and S4, putting the mixture C into a preheated double-roller plasticator for plasticizing, and performing melt extrusion, cooling and granulation to obtain the cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material.
9. The method for preparing a cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S1, the mixing speed of the mixer is 1200 r/min.
10. The method for preparing a cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step S4, the plasticizing time is 10-12 minutes, and the steam pressure is 5.0-6.0kg/cm2The plasticizing temperature is 155-160 ℃.
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| CN202011313529.0A CN112457604A (en) | 2020-11-21 | 2020-11-21 | Cold-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114591578A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-06-07 | 广州广日电气设备有限公司 | Cold-resistant and bending-resistant material, preparation method thereof and cold-resistant and bending-resistant cable |
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| CN102226013A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-10-26 | 浙江建业化工股份有限公司 | Method for producing cold-resistant plasticizer through by-product nylon acids |
| CN104861397A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海汉胜科技股份有限公司 | Polyvinyl chloride cable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105860322A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 宁波卡倍亿电气技术有限公司 | Ultra thin-walled automotive wire |
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2020
- 2020-11-21 CN CN202011313529.0A patent/CN112457604A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102226013A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-10-26 | 浙江建业化工股份有限公司 | Method for producing cold-resistant plasticizer through by-product nylon acids |
| CN104861397A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海汉胜科技股份有限公司 | Polyvinyl chloride cable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105860322A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 宁波卡倍亿电气技术有限公司 | Ultra thin-walled automotive wire |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114591578A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-06-07 | 广州广日电气设备有限公司 | Cold-resistant and bending-resistant material, preparation method thereof and cold-resistant and bending-resistant cable |
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