CN112457558A - Graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for functional fibers and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for functional fibers and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for functional fibers and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of graphene functional fibers and textiles, and the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch is prepared by taking a polymer matrix, a graphene quantum dot, a second functional filler, a surface treatment agent, a filler coating agent and a processing aid as raw materials and adopting a high-shear melting dispersion method, wherein the graphene quantum dot is graphene quantum dot powder prepared by adopting a microwave hydrothermal synthesis method; the invention aims to provide a functional master batch which has the functions of far infrared emission, high-efficiency antibiosis and mite removal, excellent antistatic property, high resilience, mould prevention and peculiar smell removal, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphene functional fibers and textiles, in particular to a graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for functional fibers and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The functional fiber is an important element constituting the functional textile, and the special function of the functional fiber is embodied by the form of the textile. Over the past decade, specialized research technicians have developed, studied, and explored various differentiated synthetic fibers in an attempt to remedy some of the deficiencies of synthetic fibers while maintaining their characteristics and advantages. With the interdigitation and infiltration of various disciplines, the chemical fiber and textile industry gradually expands to the fields of fiber materials for industry, aerospace, medical use, communication and the like by researching and developing various fiber materials with clothing fabric as the key point on the basis of learning other discipline achievements and experiences. Therefore, the functionality of the fiber is significantly improved, and the fiber material is highly regarded as an important component of material science.
In recent years, nanotechnology is widely applied to fibers and textiles, and is rapidly developed in the direction of compounding various nanostructures, adding various fibers and compounding various functions, and the nanotechnology becomes a new research platform. With the deepening of the research of graphene, the graphene has been widely researched and applied in the textile field, can endow fibers and textiles with the functions of far infrared emission, high-efficiency antibiosis and mite removal, excellent antistatic property, high resilience, mildew prevention, peculiar smell removal and the like, and has the characteristics of long-acting heat preservation and cold resistance, softness, skin friendliness, lightness, comfort and the like.
In the prior art, chinese patent application with publication number CN103338538A discloses a graphene radiation heating film and a preparation method and application thereof, in which graphene slurry is coated on the surface of a fiber fabric to form the radiation heating film, wherein the graphene slurry is formed by uniformly mixing and stirring 3-5 parts of graphene powder, 13 parts of far infrared emitting agent and 4-6 parts of bonding diluent, and then is coated on the surface of the fiber fabric to form a film. In use, the graphene radiation heating film radiates and heats under the action of external temperature. The chinese patent application with publication number CN104831389A discloses a multifunctional viscose fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a graphene dispersion liquid loaded with nano silver particles is uniformly mixed with viscose liquid, and the multifunctional viscose fiber with far infrared temperature rise performance, ultraviolet protection and high-efficiency bacteriostasis is obtained after spinning.
Although the graphene materials and the nanotechnology are applied to the field of functional fibers, the above prior art still has some defects and shortcomings:
1. graphene has poor affinity with the polymer matrix: due to the fact that graphene is extremely large in specific surface area, easy to agglomerate, difficult to disperse and poor in affinity to a fiber matrix, compatibility of graphene and a polymer matrix is poor, interface bonding is weak, dispersion in the matrix is difficult, and the dispersion becomes a main obstacle of hindering improvement of fiber performance, and therefore spinning rheological property and spinnability of the graphene modified master batch need to be improved;
2. it is difficult to meet the multifunctionality requirements: high-end application puts urgent demands on multiple functions of functional textiles, for example, the addition of nano silver can endow fibers with certain antibacterial capability, and the addition of far infrared powder can improve the far infrared emissivity of the fibers, so that the development of multifunctional graphene modified fibers with antibacterial and far infrared emissivity becomes an important direction of the current research;
3. monotonous color: although the light transmittance of the single-layer graphene nanosheet is as high as 97.7%, due to the limitations of processing methods and technologies, the agglomerated graphene is almost opaque, and in fibers introduced into the graphene nanosheet, the fibers and fabrics are usually monotonous black due to low light transmittance caused by graphene agglomeration, so that the application scene is limited;
4. poor color fastness to washing: the graphene nanosheets are extremely low in size, the graphene introduced by a spraying or printing process is low in bonding strength with a fiber substrate, peeling and falling are easy to occur, functional effects cannot be exerted, and the graphene can migrate from textiles to the inside of a human body to harm the health of the human body.
Aiming at the higher requirements of the functional textiles on fiber materials at present, a new method for dispersing and processing the graphene modified synthetic polymer materials for the functional fibers is urgently needed to be developed so as to expand the application prospect of the graphene modified synthetic polymer materials in the high-end functional textile industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, provides a graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for functional fibers and a preparation method thereof, aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides the functional master batch which has the functions of far infrared emission, high-efficiency antibacterial and mite removal, excellent antistatic property, high resilience, mildew prevention and peculiar smell removal and the like, and uses the functional master batch in the preparation of the functional fibers to prepare the fiber material which has high transparency, long-acting heat preservation and cold resistance, broad-spectrum bacteriostasis and high resilience, thereby expanding the application range of graphene in the field of the functional fibers.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60 ‒ 90 parts of a polymer matrix;
5 ‒ 30 parts of graphene quantum dots;
second functional filler 1 ‒ 20 parts;
0.06 ‒ 5 parts of surface treating agent;
1 ‒ 20 parts of a filler coating agent;
0.5 ‒ 20 parts of processing aid.
Wherein the master batch is prepared by taking the components as raw materials and adopting a high-shear melting dispersion method;
the graphene quantum dots are graphene quantum dot powder prepared by a microwave hydrothermal synthesis method.
Further, the polymer matrix is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyethylene and polypropylene.
Further, the radial size of the graphene quantum dot is 5 ‒ 10 nm, and the thickness of the graphene quantum dot is 0.5 ‒ 5 nm.
Further, the second functional filler is at least one of superfine far infrared powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano titanium dioxide, superfine silicon dioxide, superfine shell powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano silver and nano zinc oxide.
Further, the surface treatment agent is a silane coupling agent, and the weight ratio of the surface treatment agent to the total amount of the graphene quantum dots and the second functional filler is 2:100 ‒ 10: 100;
or the surface treatment agent adopts octadecylamine, isocyanate, aluminate or titanate coupling agent, and the weight ratio of the octadecylamine, isocyanate, aluminate or titanate coupling agent to the total amount of the graphene quantum dots and the second functional filler is 1:100 ‒ 5: 100.
Further, the filler coating agent is at least one of paraffin, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyethylene wax, Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (SBS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer (EBA), and polyester elastomer (TPEE).
Further, the processing aid is at least one of epoxidized soybean oil, ACR, CPE, MBS, SMA, white oil, stearic acid, stearate, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 1010 and dilauryl thiodipropionate (DLTDP).
The preparation method of the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, microwave hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots: adding graphite into an acidic aqueous solution, stirring uniformly, slowly adding an oxidant, and putting into a microwave reaction kettle for reaction to obtain a dispersion liquid mainly containing graphene quantum dots;
the method comprises the following steps of directly converting graphite into graphene quantum dots (with an average diameter of 5-10 nm) with extremely low size in an acid solution by adopting a microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction, and simultaneously forming rich oxygen-containing functional groups on the surfaces of the quantum dots, so that the affinity between the graphene quantum dots and a polymer matrix is improved;
s2, preparing graphene quantum dot powder: naturally cooling, taking out the graphene quantum dot dispersion liquid prepared in S1, filtering unreacted large particles to obtain a filtrate only containing the graphene quantum dots, wherein the size of the used filtering membrane is 25 ‒ 100nm, transferring the filtrate into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and heating to 60 ‒ 150 ℃ for drying to obtain powdered graphene quantum dots;
s3, high-shear melt blending: melt blending the polymer matrix, the graphene quantum dots, the second functional filler, the surface treatment agent, the filler coating agent and the processing aid in proportion at a high shear strength at a temperature of 120 ‒ 300 ℃, wherein the ratio of the output energy of the blending process to the mass of all the mixtures is 0.1 ‒ 5 kWh/kg, and then cooling, granulating or directly granulating to obtain the high-dispersion graphene quantum dot modified functional master batch; the high shear melt blending device in step S3 is at least one of a reciprocating screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, a high-speed mixer, an open mill, a roll-over internal mixer, a continuous internal mixer, a Z-type kneader, a screw kneader, a vacuum kneader, or a horizontal twin-screw mixer.
The graphene quantum dots and other functional fillers (superfine far infrared powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano titanium dioxide, superfine silicon dioxide, superfine shell powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano silver, nano zinc oxide and the like) are compounded for use to obtain a synergistic effect; meanwhile, the functional fillers can play a role in space blocking effect under a strong shear flow field, inhibit secondary agglomeration of the graphene quantum dots in a melting process and promote uniform dispersion of the graphene quantum dots and other functional fillers;
the melting compounding process with high shearing rate can effectively strip and uniformly disperse the graphene quantum dots and other functional fillers, fully play unique functional effects in fiber materials and meet various functional requirements of textiles.
Further, the graphite in the step S1 is at least one of flake graphite, spherical graphite, expandable graphite and expanded graphite, the acidic aqueous solution is at least one of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, the oxidant is at least one of hydrogen peroxide, citric acid, sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate, potassium perchlorate, nitric acid, hypochlorous acid, potassium peroxide and sodium peroxide, the microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction temperature is 120 ‒ 250 ℃, the pressure in the kettle is 10 ‒ 100 bar, and the reaction time is 3 ‒ 120 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, a technical scheme combining microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction and high-shear melting dispersion is adopted, so that graphite is converted into graphene quantum dots of 5 ‒ 10 nm, and the graphene quantum dots and a second functional filler are uniformly dispersed in a polymer matrix and highly stripped, and unique functions of the graphene quantum dots and the second functional filler are fully exerted;
2. the production process adopted by the method is simple and convenient, is easy for large-scale production, and has low production cost, various product functions and wide application prospect;
3. the functional master batch prepared by the invention is applied to the field of functional fibers, namely the functional master batch is melt-spun with other fibers, and the produced functional fibers have the characteristics of high transparency, long-acting heat preservation and cold resistance, broad-spectrum bacteriostasis, high resilience and the like, so that the problem that the fibers introduced with graphene nanosheets are usually monotonous black in the prior art is solved, and the functional master batch has wider application prospects in the fields of functional fibers, textiles and the like based on synthetic high polymer materials;
4. the functional fiber prepared from the functional master batch has good color fastness to washing, and solves the problems that in the prior art, graphene and a fiber matrix have low bonding strength, are easy to fall off and harm human health.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an AFM image of graphene quantum dots prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphene quantum dots prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a polyester pile obtained by melt spinning after adding 5% of the master batch prepared in example 3 and 95% of polyethylene terephthalate and mixing them.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber comprises the following steps:
s11, microwave hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots: adding 10 g of crystalline flake graphite into 200ml of 37% hydrochloric acid, uniformly mixing, adding 1 g of hydrogen peroxide under a stirring state, putting into a microwave reaction kettle, and reacting for 120 minutes at 120 ℃ under 10 bar to obtain a dispersion liquid containing graphene quantum dots;
s12, preparing graphene quantum dot powder: removing large-size residues from the mixed dispersion liquid obtained in the step S11 through a 25nm filter membrane, transferring the filtrate into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and heating to 60 ℃ for drying to obtain powdery graphene quantum dots;
s13, high-shear melt blending: adding 60 parts of polyethylene, 30 parts of graphene quantum dots, 1 part of superfine silicon dioxide, 20 parts of EVA, 5 parts of silane coupling agent KH560, 13 parts of white oil, 2 parts of ACR, 2 parts of MBS, 1.5 parts of zinc stearate, 0.5 part of antioxidant 168 and 1 part of antioxidant 1010 into a skip internal mixer at 160 ℃ to carry out high shear melt blending, and cooling and granulating after the mixing output energy and the mass ratio of all the mixtures reach 1 kWh/kg to obtain the quantum graphene modified transparent master batch.
In order to test the effect of the functional master batch, 5 percent of master batch and 95 percent of polyethylene are mixed, and melt spinning is carried out by adopting a conventional process (the spinning temperature is 180-190-210-200 ℃, the heat setting temperature is 100 ℃, the diameter of a micropore is 0.5mm, and the traction ratio is 8) to obtain the quantum graphene modified polyethylene filament, so that the graphene modified master batch has good spinnability.
Example 2
The preparation method of the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber comprises the following steps:
s21, microwave hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots: adding 20 g of spherical graphite into 200ml of 10% sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, adding 10 g of citric acid under a stirring state, putting into a microwave reaction kettle, and reacting for 3 minutes at 250 ℃ under 100 bar to obtain a dispersion liquid containing the graphene quantum dots;
s22, preparing graphene quantum dot powder: removing large-size residues from the mixed dispersion liquid obtained in the step S21 by a 100nm filter membrane, transferring the filtrate into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and heating to 60 ℃ for drying to obtain powdery graphene quantum dots;
s23, high-shear melt blending: at 280 ℃, 90 parts of polyamide 1010, 5 parts of graphene quantum dots, 1 part of nano-silver, 1 part of polyethylene wax, 0.06 part of titanate coupling agent, 1.5 parts of zinc stearate, 0.5 part of antioxidant 168 and 0.94 part of DLTDP are added into a double-screw extruder for high-shear melt blending, and after the mixing output energy and the mass ratio of all the mixtures reach 0.1 kWh/kg, the mixture is cooled and granulated to obtain the quantum graphene modified transparent master batch.
In order to test the effect of the functional master batch, 5% of the master batch and 95% of polyamide 1010 are mixed, and melt spinning is carried out by adopting a conventional process (the spinning temperature is 210-230-260-255 ℃, the heat setting temperature is 110 ℃, the micropore diameter is 0.3mm, and the traction multiplying power is 12) to obtain the quantum graphene modified polyamide filament, so that the graphene modified master batch has good spinnability.
Example 3
The preparation method of the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber comprises the following steps:
s31, microwave hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots: adding 10 g of expandable graphite into 200ml of 40% nitric acid, uniformly mixing, adding 1 g of potassium permanganate under a stirring state, putting into a microwave reaction kettle, and reacting for 60 minutes at 180 ℃ under 50 bar to obtain a dispersion liquid containing graphene quantum dots;
s32, preparing graphene quantum dot powder: removing large-size residues from the mixed dispersion liquid obtained in the step S31 by a 50nm filter membrane, transferring the filtrate into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and heating to 110 ℃ for drying to obtain powdery graphene quantum dots;
s33, high-shear melt blending: adding 80 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 10 parts of graphene quantum dots, 5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 1 part of nano zinc oxide, 1 part of POE, 0.2 part of aluminate coupling agent, 1.5 parts of zinc stearate, 0.5 part of antioxidant 168 and 0.8 part of DLTDP into a reciprocating single-screw extruder at 260 ℃ to perform high-shear melt blending, and cooling and granulating to obtain the quantum graphene modified transparent master batch after the mixing output energy and all mixture mass ratio reaches 2 kWh/kg.
In order to test the effect of the functional master batch, 5% of master batch and 95% of polyethylene glycol terephthalate are mixed, and melt spinning is carried out by adopting a conventional process (the spinning temperature is 230-250-270 ℃, the heat setting temperature is 125 ℃, the micropore diameter is 0.2mm, and the traction ratio is 16) to obtain the quantum graphene modified polyester linter, so that the graphene modified master batch has good spinnability.
Comparative example 1
The same as example 1, except that in this comparative example, the microwave was not used, but 10 g of flake graphite was directly added to 200ml of 37% hydrochloric acid to carry out hydrothermal reaction (120 ℃, 10 bar, 120 minutes) to obtain a dispersion, but due to insufficient treatment, the flake graphite could not be effectively converted into graphene quantum dots and could not pass through a 25nm filter membrane.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 2 is that, in the comparative example, the high shear melt blending is not used when preparing the graphene quantum dot powder, but the components are directly mixed according to the proportion; then 5 percent of the mixture is mixed with 95 percent of polyamide 1010, but a spinneret plate is blocked in the melt spinning process, namely, the nylon long fiber can not be obtained through conventional melt spinning.
The structure of the graphene quantum dots in example 1 was observed by an atomic force scanning microscope (AFM), and the result is shown in fig. 1. The crystallinity of the graphene quantum dots in example 2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, and the results are shown in fig. 2. FIG. 3 shows a photograph of polyester velvet obtained by melt spinning after adding 5% of the master batch of example 3 and mixing with 95% of polyethylene terephthalate.
Fig. 1 shows that the structure of the graphene quantum dot is observed by using AFM, and the size of the graphene quantum dot is extremely low and is distributed in the range of 5 ‒ 10 nm, which illustrates that the graphene quantum dot can be obtained by the method provided by the patent. In fig. 2, in the XRD curve of the graphene quantum dot, a relatively obvious crystallization peak is found, which indicates that the graphene quantum dot has a relatively good regular crystal region, which is beneficial to the exertion of various functions. FIG. 3 shows that the polyester linters prepared from the functional master batches have good color and luster and brightness, and have high bulkiness and resilience.
And (3) mixing the master batch (5%) obtained in the example 1 ‒ 3 with a corresponding high polymer matrix (95%) and then carrying out melt spinning to obtain the quantum graphene modified functional fiber, and carrying out infrared emissivity and antibacterial performance tests on the quantum graphene modified functional fiber. Wherein, the infrared emissivity test is according to the test method of textile infrared heat storage and heat retention of national standard GB/T18319-2001, each group tests at least 3 parallel samples, and the average value of the results is taken; the antibacterial performance test tests the antibacterial performance of the quantum graphene modified functional fiber according to AATCC 147-2016 (antibacterial evaluation of fabric), wherein each group at least ensures 3 parallel test samples, and the average value of the results is taken; soaping color fastness test according to ISO 105-C06 soaping color fastness test method, a soaping color fastness test tester is adopted to carry out washing color fastness test on the soaping color fastness of the quantum graphene modified functional fiber, the rotating speed is 40rpm, the temperature is 50 ℃, the processing time is 45min, the washing test capacity is 1200mL, each liter of soap solution contains 5 g of standard soap chips, each group at least guarantees 3 parallel test samples, and the average value (5.0-level system) of the results is obtained. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 performance test results of graphene quantum dot modified synthetic fibers
The test results in table 1 show that the fiber products added with the graphene quantum dot modified master batches have ultrahigh infrared emissivity and high-efficiency bacteriostatic ability, and show good versatility. Meanwhile, the soaping fastness of the fiber reaches more than 4.5 grade, the excellent color fastness is improved, the application scene of the fiber is favorably expanded, and the service life is prolonged.
Claims (10)
1. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60 ‒ 90 parts of a polymer matrix;
5 ‒ 30 parts of graphene quantum dots;
second functional filler 1 ‒ 20 parts;
0.06 ‒ 5 parts of surface treating agent;
1 ‒ 20 parts of a filler coating agent;
0.5 ‒ 20 parts of processing aid.
2. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyethylene and polypropylene.
3. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dot has a radial dimension of 5 ‒ 10 nm and a thickness of 0.5 ‒ 5 nm.
4. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the second functional filler is at least one of superfine far infrared powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano titanium dioxide, superfine silica, superfine shell powder, superfine tourmaline powder, nano silver and nano zinc oxide.
5. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment agent is a silane coupling agent, or the surface treatment agent is at least one of octadecylamine, isocyanate, aluminate or titanate coupling agent.
6. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 5, wherein when the surface treatment agent is a silane coupling agent, the weight ratio of the surface treatment agent to the total amount of the graphene quantum dots and the second functional filler is 2:100 ‒ 10: 100; when the surface treating agent adopts octadecylamine, isocyanate, aluminate or titanate coupling agent, the weight ratio of the octadecylamine, isocyanate, aluminate or titanate coupling agent to the total amount of the graphene quantum dots and the second functional filler is 1:100 ‒ 5: 100.
7. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the filler coating agent is at least one of paraffin, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyethylene wax, Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (SBS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer (EBA), and polyester elastomer (TPEE).
8. The graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to claim 1, wherein the processing aid is at least one of epoxidized soybean oil, ACR, CPE, MBS, SMA, white oil, stearic acid, stearate, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 1010 and dilauryl thiodipropionate (DLTDP).
9. The method for preparing the graphene quantum dot modified polymer master batch for the functional fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
s1, microwave hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots: adding graphite into an acidic aqueous solution, stirring uniformly, slowly adding an oxidant, and putting into a microwave reaction kettle for reaction to obtain a dispersion liquid mainly containing graphene quantum dots;
s2, preparing graphene quantum dot powder: naturally cooling, taking out the graphene quantum dot dispersion liquid prepared in S1, filtering unreacted large particles to obtain a filtrate only containing the graphene quantum dots, wherein the size of the used filtering membrane is 25 ‒ 100nm, transferring the filtrate into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and heating to 60 ‒ 150 ℃ for drying to obtain powdered graphene quantum dots;
s3, high-shear melt blending: and (2) melt blending the polymer matrix, the graphene quantum dots, the second functional filler, the surface treatment agent, the filler coating agent and the processing aid in proportion at the temperature of 120 ‒ 300 ℃ under high shear strength, wherein the ratio of the output energy in the blending process to the mass of all the mixtures is 0.1 ‒ 5 kWh/kg, and then cooling, granulating or directly granulating to obtain the high-dispersion graphene quantum dot modified functional master batch.
10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the graphite in the step S1 is at least one of flake graphite, spherical graphite, expandable graphite and expanded graphite, the acidic aqueous solution is at least one of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, the oxidant is at least one of hydrogen peroxide, citric acid, sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate, potassium perchlorate, nitric acid, hypochlorous acid, potassium peroxide and sodium peroxide, the microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction temperature is 120 ‒ 250 ℃, the internal pressure of the kettle is 10 ‒ 100 bar, and the reaction time is 3 ‒ 120 minutes.
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