CN112454620B

CN112454620B - Ceramic forming device and method

Info

Publication number: CN112454620B
Application number: CN202011076756.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈岚波; 吴国良; 吴国伟
Original assignee: Fujian Huatai Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Huatai Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-10
Filing date: 2020-10-10
Publication date: 2021-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-10
Also published as: CN112454620A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, in particular to a ceramic forming device and a ceramic forming method, wherein the ceramic forming device comprises a material injection mechanism, a turntable and a forming part, wherein the forming part is arranged above the turntable; the forming part comprises two die holders which are symmetrically arranged; the die holders comprise bases, elastic pieces and a row of telescopic pieces, the elastic pieces are arranged on one side, facing the other die holder, of the bases, the telescopic pieces are arranged between the bases and the elastic pieces, and the row of telescopic pieces drives the elastic pieces to deform; a working gap is formed between the elastic sheets of the two die holders, and the material injection mechanism injects materials into the working gap; the invention makes the elastic sheet deform by matching with the telescopic piece, so that the working gap is changed into an arbitrary section shape; meanwhile, the device enables the ceramic forming process to be changed into an additive manufacturing process, so that the injected raw materials can be directly made into amorphous blanks, and the time is greatly saved.

Description

Ceramic forming device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, in particular to a ceramic forming device and method.

Background

The ceramic is a general term of pottery and porcelain, is also an industrial art in China, and is wild and simple ancient painted pottery and black pottery in China in the age of the stone novelties. Ceramics have different textures and properties. Pottery is made of clay with high viscosity and high plasticity as main material, and has opaque, fine pores and weak hydroscopicity. The porcelain is made of clay, feldspar and quartz, is semitransparent, does not absorb water, is corrosion resistant, has hard and compact matrix, and is crisp when being knocked. The traditional ceramic handicraft in China is high in quality, beautiful in shape, high in artistic value and famous in the world.

The existing ceramic forming method mainly comprises the following steps: grouting blank forming, shaping, blank trimming, drying, glazing and re-sintering, wherein the time from the grouting blank forming to the shaping is longer, and the grouting blank forming particularly comprises the following steps: grouting the plaster mold, desizing and air-drying, wherein the desizing and the air-drying are both used for waiting for the moisture discharged by the slurry, and further causing overlong waiting time.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are a ceramic molding device and a method capable of shortening the processing time of ceramic.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a ceramic forming device comprises a material injection mechanism, a rotary table and a forming part, wherein the forming part is arranged above the rotary table, the rotary table comprises a motor and a disc body, and the motor drives the disc body to rotate;

the forming part comprises a vertical arm and two die holders which are symmetrically arranged, the two die holders are arranged on the vertical arm, and the vertical arm drives the two die holders to move in the vertical direction;

the die holders comprise telescopic arms, bases, elastic pieces and a row of telescopic pieces, the telescopic arms drive the bases to reciprocate towards the other die holder, the elastic pieces are arranged on one surfaces of the bases facing the other die holder, the telescopic pieces are arranged between the bases and the elastic pieces, and the row of telescopic pieces drive the elastic pieces to deform;

a working gap is formed between the elastic sheets of the two die holders, and the material injection mechanism injects materials into the working gap.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme as follows:

the ceramic forming method comprises the steps that the ceramic forming device is adopted for blank making, the expansion amount of the expansion piece is controlled, the elastic piece is deformed into a preset shape, and the rotation of the rotary table is controlled;

blank manufacturing, wherein the material injection mechanism uniformly feeds blanks with the water content of less than 14% into the working gap; when the height of the blank is increased by more than 1cm, the material injection is suspended, and the telescopic parts corresponding to the two die holders which are 0.1mm-0.3mm higher than the blank are controlled to extend to drive the elastic sheet to deform so as to reduce the working gap to form extrusion on the blank and drive the blank to be tamped; after the tamping is finished, controlling the elastic sheet to recover to a preset shape, and repeating the blank making step until a blank is formed;

taking a blank, stopping the rotation of the turntable, recovering the expansion amount of the expansion piece to the minimum, driving the base of the mold base expansion arm close to the outer edge of the turntable to move towards the direction far away from the turntable, driving the base of the mold base expansion arm close to the center of the turntable to move towards the direction of the center of the turntable, and then controlling the vertical arm to take out the two mold bases;

and (4) trimming, drying, glazing and sintering the blank.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the material injection mechanism is controlled to continuously inject materials into the working gap, and the elastic piece is deformed in cooperation with the telescopic piece, so that the working gap is changed into an arbitrary section shape, the customized and personalized requirements are met, a die does not need to be manufactured like the prior art, and time and cost are greatly saved; the motor drives the disc body to continuously rotate, so that the cross section shape is rotationally formed, the effect of the rotary forming in the existing drawing software is the same as that of the rotary action, meanwhile, the forming process of the ceramic is changed into a material increase manufacturing process by the aid of the device, further, the injected raw materials can be directly made into amorphous blanks, the formed blanks made in the traditional gypsum mold grouting, desizing and air drying steps are not needed, and time is greatly saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. a material injection mechanism; 11. a material injection channel; 12. an extruder; 13. an extrusion nozzle; 2. a turntable; 21. a motor; 22. a tray body; 3. a molding section; 31. a vertical arm; 32. a die holder; 321. a telescopic arm; 322. a base; 323. an elastic sheet; 324. a telescoping member; 325. a fan; 326. a first tuyere; 327. a heating member; 328. and a ball.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a ceramic molding device includes a material injection mechanism 1, a turntable 2 and a molding part 3, the molding part 3 is disposed above the turntable 2, the turntable 2 includes a motor 21 and a tray body 22, and the motor 21 drives the tray body 22 to rotate;

the forming part 3 comprises a vertical arm 31 and two mold bases 32 which are symmetrically arranged, the two mold bases 32 are arranged on the vertical arm 31, and the vertical arm 31 drives the two mold bases 32 to move in the vertical direction;

the die holders 32 comprise telescopic arms 321, a base 322, elastic pieces 323 and a row of telescopic pieces 324, the telescopic arms 321 drive the base 322 to reciprocate towards the other die holder 32, the elastic pieces 323 are arranged on one surface of the base 322 facing the other die holder 32, the telescopic pieces 324 are arranged between the base 322 and the elastic pieces 323, and the row of telescopic pieces drive the elastic pieces 323 to deform;

a working gap is formed between the elastic sheets 323 of the two die holders 32, and the material injection mechanism 1 injects materials into the working gap.

From the above description, the material injection mechanism 1 is controlled to continuously inject materials into the working gap, and the elastic sheet 323 is deformed by matching with the telescopic piece 324, so that the working gap is changed into an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, the requirement of customized individuation is met, a mold is not required to be manufactured like the prior art, and the time and the cost are greatly saved; the motor 21 drives the disc body 22 to continuously rotate, so that the cross section shape is formed in a rotating mode, the effect of the forming is the same as that of the rotation action in the existing drawing software, meanwhile, the forming process of ceramic is changed into a material increase manufacturing process, further, the injected raw materials can directly adopt amorphous blanks, the forming blanks manufactured by the traditional gypsum mold grouting, desizing and air drying steps are not needed, and the time is greatly saved.

Further, the die holder 32 further includes a fan 325, an air duct is provided in the base 322, a plurality of first air ports 326 arranged toward the working gap are provided on the base 322, the first air ports 326 are communicated with the air duct, and an air outlet of the fan 325 is communicated with the air duct.

From the above description, through the setting of fan 325, can make the fashioned in-process directly air-dry, reduce moisture, reduce the moisture in the blank, and then reduce plasticity, promote viscidity, then make things convenient for the maintenance of shape.

Further, a second air port is further arranged on the base 322, the second air port is communicated with the air duct, and the second air port is arranged towards the elastic sheet 323;

the air duct is provided with heating elements 327.

As can be seen from the above description, by the arrangement of the second tuyere and the heating member 327, the heating of the elastic sheet 323 can be realized by the heating member 327, so as to facilitate the deformation of the elastic sheet 323; meanwhile, the heating element 327 can also heat the air blown out from the first air port 326, so that the loss of the moisture of the blank can be accelerated, and the processing process of the ceramic can be shortened.

Furthermore, the elastic sheet 323 is a metal elastic sheet 323, and both sides of the metal elastic sheet 323 are provided with bending portions that are bent toward the base 322.

As can be seen from the above description, the entry of the partially formed blank on the turntable 2 during rotation can be facilitated by the arrangement of the bent portion.

Further, the material injection mechanism 1 comprises a material injection channel 11, an extruder 12 and an extrusion nozzle 13, wherein the extrusion nozzle 13 is positioned above the working gap, and the extrusion nozzle 13 is communicated with the extruder 12 through the material injection channel 11.

As can be seen from the above description, since the present application uses an amorphous billet having a lower water content and a high viscosity, extrusion of the billet can be facilitated by the extruder 12.

Further, the base 322 near the outer circumference of the turntable 2 is provided with a ball 328 on its end facing the upper surface of the turntable 2.

Has the advantages that: by providing the base 322 near the outer periphery of the turntable 2 with a ball 328 at its end facing the upper surface of the turntable 2, a certain support for the ceramic forming device can be formed, and the friction between the base 322 and the turntable 2 can also be reduced.

A ceramic forming method, the blank is made by the ceramic forming device, the expansion amount of the expansion piece 324 is controlled, the elastic piece 323 is deformed into a preset shape, and the rotation of the turntable 2 is controlled;

blank manufacturing, wherein the material injection mechanism 1 uniformly feeds blanks with the water content of less than 14% into the working gap; when the height of the blank is increased by more than 1cm, the material injection is suspended, and the telescopic pieces 324 corresponding to the two die holders 32 which are 0.1mm-0.3mm higher than the blank are controlled to extend to drive the elastic pieces 323 to deform so as to reduce the working gap to form extrusion on the blank and drive the blank to be tamped; after tamping is finished, controlling the elastic sheet 323 to restore to a preset shape, and repeating the blank making step until a blank is formed;

blank taking, stopping the rotation of the turntable 2, recovering the expansion amount of the expansion piece 324 to the minimum, driving the base 322 of the mold base 32 expansion arm 321 close to the outer edge of the turntable 2 to move towards the direction far away from the turntable 2, driving the base 322 of the mold base 32 expansion arm 321 close to the center of the turntable 2 to move towards the direction of the center of the turntable 2, and then controlling the vertical arm 31 to take out the two mold bases 32;

and (4) trimming, drying, glazing and sintering the blank.

From the above description, it can be known that the density of the formed ceramic can be improved by tamping once every 1cm, and the firing is prevented from collapsing due to the bubbles in the ceramic; meanwhile, the two elastic pieces 323 are utilized to perform two actions of plasticity and tamping on the blank, so that the quality of the blank is improved, and meanwhile, the processing time is greatly shortened.

Further, the heating element 327 and the fan 325 work during the blank making process, and the heating element 327 and the fan 325 work in a suspension state during the suspension of material injection.

As can be seen from the above description, the heating element 327 and the fan 325 work during the blank making process, so that the blank can be dried quickly and formed conveniently; when the material injection is suspended, the heating element 327 and the fan 325 are suspended, so that enough water is needed to facilitate the mutual bonding of the blanks in different levels, and the poor adhesion between the blanks due to excessive dehydration is avoided.

Example one

the telescopic arm and the vertical arm are both air cylinders or electric cylinders; the telescopic piece is an electric cylinder with higher precision;

The die holder further comprises a fan, an air channel is formed in the base, a plurality of first air openings are formed in the base and are arranged towards the working gap, the first air openings are communicated with the air channel, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the air channel.

The base is also provided with a second air port which is communicated with the air duct and is arranged towards the elastic sheet;

the air duct is provided with a heating member.

The elastic sheet is a metal elastic sheet, such as a stainless steel metal elastic sheet, and bending portions bent towards the base are arranged on two sides of the metal elastic sheet.

Annotate material mechanism and include annotating material passageway, extruder and extrusion nozzle, the extrusion nozzle is located the top in work space, the extrusion nozzle is through annotating material passageway and extruder intercommunication.

The base, which is close to the periphery of the turntable, is provided with a ball at one end facing the upper surface of the turntable.

Example two

A ceramic forming method is characterized in that a blank is manufactured by adopting the ceramic forming device in the first embodiment, the expansion amount of an expansion piece is controlled, an elastic piece is deformed into a preset shape, and a rotary table is controlled to rotate;

blank manufacturing, wherein the material injection mechanism uniformly feeds blanks with the water content of less than 14% into the working gap, and meanwhile, the heating element and the fan work; when the height of the blank is increased by more than 1cm, the material injection is suspended, meanwhile, the heating element and the fan are suspended to work, and the telescopic elements corresponding to the two die holders which are 0.2mm higher than the blank are controlled to extend to drive the elastic sheets to deform, so that the working gap is reduced to form the extrusion of the blank and drive the tamping of the blank; after the tamping is finished, controlling the elastic sheet to recover to a preset shape, and repeating the blank making step until a blank is formed;

and (4) trimming, drying, glazing and sintering the blank.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic forming device is characterized by comprising a material injection mechanism, a rotary table and a forming part, wherein the forming part is arranged above the rotary table, the rotary table comprises a motor and a disc body, and the motor drives the disc body to rotate;

2. The ceramic forming device according to claim 1, wherein the mold base further comprises a fan, an air duct is disposed in the base, a plurality of first air ports are disposed on the base and are oriented toward the working gap, the first air ports are communicated with the air duct, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the air duct.

3. The ceramic forming device according to claim 2, wherein a second air port is further arranged on the base, the second air port is communicated with the air duct, and the second air port is arranged towards the elastic sheet;

the air duct is provided with a heating member.

4. The ceramic forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the elastic sheet is a metal elastic sheet, and both sides of the metal elastic sheet are provided with bending portions bent in the direction of the base.

5. The ceramic molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the injection mechanism comprises an injection channel, an extruder, and an extrusion nozzle located above the working gap, the extrusion nozzle communicating with the extruder through the injection channel.

6. Ceramic forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base near the periphery of the turntable is provided with balls on its end facing the upper surface of the turntable.

7. A ceramic forming method is characterized in that a ceramic forming device as claimed in claim 3 is adopted for blank making, the expansion amount of an expansion piece is controlled, an elastic piece is deformed into a preset shape, and a rotary table is controlled to rotate;

and (4) trimming, drying, glazing and sintering the blank.

8. The ceramic molding method according to claim 7, wherein the heating element and the blower are operated during the blank making process, and the heating element and the blower are suspended when the material injection is suspended.