CN112453502A - Inner chip removal deep hole drill - Google Patents
Inner chip removal deep hole drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453502A CN112453502A CN202011266029.6A CN202011266029A CN112453502A CN 112453502 A CN112453502 A CN 112453502A CN 202011266029 A CN202011266029 A CN 202011266029A CN 112453502 A CN112453502 A CN 112453502A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001463139 Vitta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
- B23B47/34—Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes made; Chip- breaking arrangements attached to the tool
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of deep hole machining, and particularly relates to an inner chip removal deep hole drill which comprises a blade, a cutter body and a wedge-shaped part. Wedge-shaped bulges are distributed on the wedge-shaped part along the circumference, and the unilateral clearance between the wedge-shaped bulges and the inner wall of the deep hole is more than 0 mm or equal to 0 mm. The self-centering force of the gun drill can be fine-tuned when required. The position or posture of the wedge-shaped bulge is changed through the positioning piece, the screw rod and the support, the thickness of a liquid film in the gap is changed, and therefore the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped profile is adjusted. The wedge-shaped profile curve of the wedge-shaped convex portion is a circle, or an archimedes spiral. The wedge-shaped part and the cutter body are of an integral structure or are connected with the cutter body and the cutter rod through threads. The tops of the wedge-shaped protrusions may be coated. The invention can obtain large liquid acting force, has high precision of a cutter system, can rotate at high speed, is convenient to install and popularize, and has clean cutting fluid. The deep hole drill can be used for deep hole or shallow hole machining, can be used for drilling or reaming, and improves the deep hole machining quality and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hole machining, and particularly relates to an inner chip removal deep hole drill.
Background
The deep hole processing cutter has a structure different from that of a common twist drill. The deep hole cutter comprises an inner chip removal deep hole drill and an outer chip removal deep hole drill. Fig. 1 is a front view of a conventional inner chip removal deep hole tool machining principle. Fig. 2 is a schematic side view thereof. In the figure, 1 is a workpiece, 4 is a cutter body, and is of a hollow structure, and a cutting edge 2 and a guide strip 3 are fixed on the cutter body. 5 is a cutter bar (namely a drill rod) and 6 is an oil conveyor. The workpiece 1 is rotated relative to the tool system. Oil for cooling, lubricating and chip removal flows through the outer side of the cutter rod 5, and the iron chips are discharged from the inner hole of the cutter rod.
The traditional inner chip removal deep hole cutter has the following defects: first, the tool structure is asymmetric, the resultant of the cutting forces acting on the workpiece is not zero, and the resultant of the cutting forces deforms the workpiece. Most deep-hole parts have large length-diameter ratio and poor rigidity, so that the actually processed deep holes have large errors in straightness, other shapes and positions. Second, there is no automatic deviation rectification capability. When the deep hole cutter deflects due to the factors of uneven workpiece material, external interference and the like, the cutter deflection cannot be corrected, and automatic deviation correction is more difficult. Thirdly, two guide strips at the rear of the cutting edge are in close contact with the machined hole wall for guiding, but the abrasion and failure of the guide strips affect the machining precision. The quality defect of the contact part of the guide strip and the hole wall can make the cutter deviate.
The lubrication forms of the bearings include dynamic pressure lubrication and static pressure lubrication. Hydrostatic lubrication utilizes an oil pump to supply high pressure fluid to separate the journal from the bearing bore wall. The working principle of the dynamic pressure sliding bearing is different from that of static pressure lubrication, and the principle has an inspiration effect on deep hole machining. In dynamic pressure lubrication, the journal rotates to bring the lubricating oil into the friction surface of the bearing, and due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil, when a sufficiently high relative rotational speed is reached, the lubricating oil is brought into the wedge-shaped gap between the mating surfaces of the shaft and the bearing bush, and the pressure in the lubricating oil rises to form a hydrodynamic effect. The oil film has a load-bearing capacity. In dynamic pressure lubrication, a gap must be left between the journal and the bearing bore. When the journal is at rest, the journal is at the lowest position of the bearing hole and contacts with the bus (or bearing shell) below the wall of the bearing hole. At this time, a convergent wedge-shaped space is naturally formed between the two surfaces. When the shaft starts to rotate, the speed is lower and the amount of oil brought into the bearing clearance is less. Along with the increase of the rotating speed, the linear velocity of the surface of the journal is increased, the oil amount brought into the wedge-shaped space is increased, at the moment, dynamic pressure is generated in a wedge-shaped oil film, the journal floats, the friction resistance in the bearing is only the internal resistance of liquid, the friction coefficient is small, and the abrasion is less.
The dynamic pressure lubrication principle can be used for deep hole machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: and the deep hole processing capacity and the deep hole quality are improved.
Fig. 3 is a front view schematic diagram of a machining principle of the connecting type self-centering self-correcting internal chip removal deep hole tool, fig. 4 is a side view schematic diagram of the connecting type self-centering self-correcting internal chip removal deep hole tool, and a K-K view of fig. 3 is also included. In the figures 3 and 4, 1 is a deep hole workpiece, 4 is a cutter body, 5 is a cutter bar, 6 is an oil conveyor, 7 is a wedge-shaped part, and the wedge-shaped part is provided with more than 2 wedge-shaped bulges. There is a slot between adjacent wedge portions for the flow of liquid.
The basic mechanism of self-centering and self-correcting of the inner chip removing deep hole drill is described below.
The biggest difference between fig. 3 and fig. 1 is that: the tool system in fig. 3 has a wedge-shaped part 7, and there are 4 wedge-shaped profiles or 3 wedge-shaped profiles, or another number of wedge-shaped profiles (see cross-section) on the wedge-shaped part 7. Fig. 3 and 4 show a connection structure, in which the wedge-shaped portion 7 is installed in the deep hole cutter system by a connection manner, for example, the left end of the wedge-shaped portion is fixedly connected with the drill bit body by a thread, and the right end of the wedge-shaped portion is fixedly connected with the drill rod by a thread. Or the wedge-shaped bulge is manufactured on a round sleeve, and the round sleeve is tightly matched with the cutter bar or the cutter body.
In FIG. 4, the K-K views show: the wedge-shaped part 7 of the tool system forms 4 wedge-shaped spaces with the wall of the machined deep hole. The wedge part 7 rotates together with the tool system relative to the deep-hole workpiece. The cutting fluid, because of its viscosity, is drawn into 4 wedge-shaped spaces, flows in from the large gap, its pressure rises, and 4 wedge-shaped oil films are formed. The 4 wedge-shaped oil films are uniformly distributed and act on the wedge-shaped part, as if the 3-jaw chuck or the 4-jaw chuck clamps a workpiece. The uniformly distributed oil film force positions the wedge-shaped part together with a tool system fixedly connected therewith in the center of the deep hole, and the deep hole tool system is advanced along the axis of the processed deep hole. And guiding by using the machined deep hole as a reference, and machining a subsequent deep hole.
When the wedge-shaped part is interfered by the outside and deviates from the axis of the deep hole, the thickness of the wedge-shaped oil film at each position is changed, higher pressure is generated in the oil film with the reduced thickness, the acting force of the oil film on the wedge-shaped part is increased, and therefore the original position of the wedge-shaped part is restored, and meanwhile, the oil film is restored to the original thickness. The deviation rectifying process is dynamically and automatically carried out at any time due to the liquid characteristics.
The innovation points of the invention are as follows:
1. the utility model provides an interior chip removal deep hole bores, has blade, cutter body, its characterized in that: the deep hole drill is connected with the cutter bar, a wedge-shaped part is arranged on the deep hole drill, 2 or more than 2 wedge-shaped protrusions are distributed on the wedge-shaped part along the circumference, the maximum diameter of each wedge-shaped protrusion is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a deep hole to be processed, and the single-side gap between the top of each wedge-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the deep hole is larger than 0 mm or equal to 0 mm; the wedge-shaped bulge and the processed hole wall form a wedge-shaped space, and when the cutter system rotates relative to the workpiece, liquid is brought into the wedge-shaped space, so that the pressure of the liquid is increased; liquid flows in from the large gap, flows out from the small gap or leaks along the axial direction of the cutter system; part of the liquid from the hydraulic pump flows through the groove between the adjacent wedge-shaped protrusions, flows into the cutting part and then flows out, and is discharged with scrap iron when flowing out; the self-centering force of the deep hole drill can be adjusted or not; when the self-centering force can be adjusted, the deep hole is drilled with an electric type, magnetic type or mechanical type self-centering force adjusting device, or a precise adjusting device and a general adjusting device, the position or the posture of the wedge-shaped bulge is changed, the gap between the wedge-shaped outline and the inner wall of the hole is changed, the thickness of a liquid film is changed, and the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped outline is changed; the wedge-shaped part is an independently manufactured part and is provided with a structure for connection, and the wedge-shaped part is arranged on the cutter body and the cutter rod; or the wedge-shaped bulge is manufactured on a round sleeve, and the round sleeve is tightly matched with the cutter bar or the cutter body.
2. The utility model provides an interior chip removal deep hole bores, has blade, cutter body, its characterized in that: the deep hole drill is connected with the cutter bar, a wedge-shaped part is arranged on the deep hole drill, 2 or more than 2 wedge-shaped protrusions are distributed on the wedge-shaped part along the circumference, the maximum diameter of each wedge-shaped protrusion is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a deep hole to be processed, and the single-side gap between the top of each wedge-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the deep hole is larger than 0 mm or equal to 0 mm; the wedge-shaped bulge and the processed hole wall form a wedge-shaped space, and when the cutter system rotates relative to the workpiece, liquid is brought into the wedge-shaped space, so that the pressure of the liquid is increased; liquid flows in from the large gap, flows out from the small gap or leaks along the axial direction of the cutter system; part of the liquid from the hydraulic pump flows through the groove between the adjacent wedge-shaped protrusions, flows into the cutting part and then flows out, and is discharged with scrap iron when flowing out; the self-centering force of the deep hole drill can be adjusted or not; when the self-centering force can be adjusted, the deep hole is drilled with an electric type, magnetic type or mechanical type self-centering force adjusting device, or a precise adjusting device and a general adjusting device, the position or the posture of the wedge-shaped bulge is changed, the gap between the wedge-shaped outline and the inner wall of the hole is changed, the thickness of a liquid film is changed, and the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped outline is changed; the wedge-shaped part and the cutter body are of an integral structure.
3. The inner chip removal deep hole drill is characterized in that the wedge-shaped profile curve of the wedge-shaped convex part is a circle, an ellipse, an Archimedes spiral line, an involute, a cycloid, a hyperbola, a parabola, a probability curve, a straight line, a hough line, a vine leaf line, a Cartesian leaf line, a heart line, a logarithmic spiral, a hyperbolic spiral, a lemniscate line, a rose line or a combination of the lines.
4. The inner chip removal deep hole drill is characterized in that the wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped convex part is a curved surface, and when the curved surface equation is substituted into a Reynolds equation or a Navier-Stokes equation to calculate the acting force of liquid on the wedge-shaped profile, an analytic solution can be obtained in the integration process, or when a numerical calculation method is adopted, the inner chip removal deep hole drill has convergence and stability.
5. The inner chip removal deep hole drill is characterized in that the blades are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged; the liquid is oil or other liquid, and is filtered by a filter screen, or by centrifugal force, or by a magnetic method.
6. The inner chip removal deep hole drill according to innovation point 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the wedge-shaped bulge or the adjusting cushion block is contacted with the positioning piece, the position of the positioning piece is adjusted, the wedge-shaped bulge has different positions along the circumference, and meanwhile, the gap between the top surface of the wedge-shaped bulge and the inner wall of the deep hole is changed; and the position of the adjusting cushion block along the circumferential direction is changed, so that the wedge-shaped protrusion changes in space.
7. The method according to Innovation Point 1 or 2The utility model provides an interior chip removal deep hole bores which characterized in that: the self-centering force adjusting device comprises a positioning piece, a screw rod and a support; two sections of threads are arranged on the screw rod and are respectively matched with the threads on the positioning piece and the support; the screw threads on the support and the positioning piece have different lead lengths L respectively1、L2(ii) a The lead of two sections of matched threads on the screw is L1、L2The rotation directions of the threads are the same; the support is fixed in the groove between two adjacent wedge-shaped bulges; the positioning element can move along the limiting surface of the support, but the freedom of rotation of the positioning element around the axis of the screw is limited; rotating the screw by an angle θ, the distance the screw moves relative to the support is: theta L1A/2 pi; the reverse movement distance of the positioning piece relative to the screw rod is theta L2A/2 pi; the distance the positioning element moves relative to the fixed support is: d ═ θ L1/2π-θL2/2π＝(L1-L2)θ/2π。
8. The inner chip removal deep hole drill is characterized in that the material and the heat treatment requirements of the top of the wedge-shaped protrusion are the same as or different from those of the main body of the wedge-shaped protrusion; the top of the wedge-shaped bulge is provided with a coating or hard alloy or is not provided with the coating or the hard alloy; the deep hole drill is used for deep hole machining or shallow hole machining; for drilling, or reaming.
9. The inner chip removal deep hole drill is characterized in that the wedge-shaped part is respectively connected with the drill bit and the cutter bar through threads at two ends of the wedge-shaped part.
10. According to innovation point 2 an interior chip removal deep hole bores which characterized in that: the main body of the wedge-shaped part is made of the same material as the cutter body, is derived from the same blank as the cutter body, and has one or more design references and processing technology references which are the same as those of the cutter body; the wedge portion is located between the insert and the threads on the cutter body for engaging the shank.
For the purpose of illustrating the present application, the following needs to be further elaborated.
1. In the dynamic pressure lubrication principle of the bearing, the diameter of the shaft is smaller than that of the inner hole of the bearing. The relevant literature introduces the selection principle of the gap. Heretofore, the present inventors have been affected by the fact that the maximum diameter of the wedge portion must be smaller than the diameter of the machined deep hole, i.e., there must be a gap between the wedge portion and the inner wall of the machined deep hole. Now, the inventors consider that: the maximum diameter of the wedge-shaped portion may be equal to the diameter of the machined borehole, i.e. the minimum gap between the wedge-shaped portion and the inner wall of the machined borehole may be small or even zero. This is a breakthrough and has the following characteristics: first, the force of the liquid that can be obtained is large. Secondly, self-centering precision is high, and self-correcting effect is good. Third, for the case of zero minimum clearance, the location is close to point contact, the line of contact is short, the area is small, and with oil, the relative rotation of the tool system with respect to the workpiece is not affected. Fourth, when the minimum gap is zero, the pressure in the wedge-shaped oil film is high, but does not cause an explosion. In this case, after the liquid flows in from the large gap, the liquid may leak in the axial direction of the deep hole although the liquid cannot flow out in the circumferential direction. Fifthly, for the part with zero minimum clearance, abrasion occurs during the machining process, and clearance occurs. After the gap occurs, the liquid pressure decreases accordingly, and the larger the gap, the larger the liquid pressure decrease. Therefore, the wedge-shaped protrusions should be subjected to a wear-resistant treatment.
2. The scheme shown in fig. 3 and 4 is characterized in that: the self-centering, self-guiding and self-correcting scheme can be implemented in the existing equipment and the existing processing process only by independently designing and manufacturing the wedge-shaped part. The left end and the right end of the wedge-shaped part are respectively connected with the existing drill bit and the cutter bar through threads.
3. Fig. 5 is a front view and fig. 6 is a side view of the integrated self-centering and self-correcting internal chip removal deep hole tool. The operation principle of fig. 5 and 6 is basically the same as that of fig. 3 and 4. Except that the wedge-shaped portion of fig. 5 and 6 is of unitary construction with the cutter body. The main body of the wedge-shaped part is made of the same material as the cutter body and is derived from the same blank as the cutter body. The cutter body has one or more design references and processing technology references which are the same as those of the cutter body. The advantages are that: and a wedge-shaped part does not need to be manufactured independently, so that the assembly error of the deep hole cutter system is small, and the machining precision is improved.
4. The cutter with wedge-shaped protrusions is suitable for rough machining and fine machining. For deep holes with low precision requirements, if the existing deep hole cutter is adopted, the precision can be ensured, and the existing deep hole cutter can still be adopted. After all, the tool with the wedge-shaped projection is itself more expensive than the tool with the wedge-shaped projection.
5. In the dynamic pressure lubrication of the bearing, the shaft neck is round, and the part of the bearing matched with the shaft neck is also round. The inventor designs the profile of the wedge-shaped bulge as an arc by referring to the design scheme, but the difficulty in calculating the acting force of the oil film is high when the profile is adopted. It is clearly stated in Punice Master Puliangyo mechanical design (eighth edition) that it is very difficult to calculate the integral of oil film force. Thus, in the present application, the profile of the wedge-shaped projection adopts a circular arc or an archimedean spiral, or alternatively, adopts a profile in which: when the curved surface equation is substituted into a Reynolds equation or a Stokes equation to calculate the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped profile, an analytic solution can be obtained in the integration process, or when a numerical calculation method is adopted, the calculation has convergence and stability.
6. Most deep hole cutters are asymmetric in structure. And after the self-centering, self-guiding and self-correcting principle is adopted, the blades can be symmetrically arranged. The asymmetric tool has a large vibration noise if the rotational speed is high, and thus it is difficult to adapt to high-speed machining. By adopting the symmetrical cutter, the rotating speed of the cutter can be very high, the significance is great for improving the processing efficiency, and the more proper cutting speed is favorably obtained so as to improve the processing quality.
7. The cutting fluid is oil or other fluid with certain viscosity, and is filtered by a filter screen, or centrifugal force, or magnetic method. Impurities in the cutting fluid are removed by centrifugal force and magnetic force.
8. The self-centering force of the gun drill, i.e. the liquid force, may or may not be adjustable; the adjustment can be carried out by means of electrostriction or magnetostriction, or by adjusting the position of the wedge-shaped projection in the circumferential direction or the spatial orientation thereof. FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of self-centering force adjustment for either a connecting wedge portion or an integral wedge portion. The end face of the wedge-shaped protrusion or the end face of the adjusting cushion block is contacted with the positioning piece. Thus, the position of the positioning member is determinedThe position of the wedge-shaped protrusion or pad is determined. The left and right positions of the positioning piece are adjusted, the wedge-shaped protrusion has different positions along the circumference, and meanwhile, the gap between the top surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the deep hole is also changed. The posture of the wedge-shaped protrusion in the space is changed by changing the position of the adjusting cushion block along the circumferential direction. The change of the position of the wedge-shaped bulge along the circumference or the space posture of the wedge-shaped bulge can change the thickness of the oil film and the acting force of the oil film on the wedge-shaped bulge. After the position or posture of the adjustable wedge-shaped bulge is set, the adjustable wedge-shaped bulge is directly installed in a cutter system or is installed in the cutter system through an adjusting cushion block by utilizing the prior art before deep hole machining starts. The self-centering force adjusting device shown in fig. 7 has a screw and a support in addition to the positioning member, and is a fine adjustment device. Rotating the screw by an angle θ, since the mount is fixed, the distance the screw moves relative to the mount is: theta L1And/2 pi. The positioning piece is matched with the screw rod through threads, and the positioning piece can only move but cannot rotate, so that the reverse movement distance of the positioning piece relative to the screw rod is theta L2And/2 pi. The distance over which the positioning element is moved relative to the fixed bearing is thus: d ═ θ L1/2π-θL2/2π＝(L1-L2) Theta/2 pi. When L is1、L2When the difference is small, the value of d may be small, and therefore, the change in the position or posture of the wedge-shaped protrusion may be small, that is, the change in the thickness of the oil film may be small, and the change in the acting force of the oil film on the wedge-shaped protrusion may be small. A fine control of the centering force can thus be achieved. A general adjustment device, i.e. a coarse adjustment device, can be obtained according to the above-described fine adjustment principle. It is also easy to obtain an electromagnetic type adjusting device, i.e. the position and the posture of the wedge-shaped protrusion are changed by utilizing electricity and magnetism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the minimum clearance between the wedge-shaped part and the inner wall of the processed deep hole can be small and equal to zero, the obtained liquid has large force, high self-centering precision and good self-correcting effect. When the minimum clearance is zero, the pressure in the wedge-shaped oil film is very high, but explosion cannot be caused, and liquid can leak along the axial direction of the deep hole.
When the wedge-shaped part is a separately manufactured part, the wedge-shaped part can be conveniently arranged on the cutter body and the cutter rod through threaded connection. When the main body of the wedge-shaped part and the cutter body are of an integral structure, the installation is convenient, and the precision of the cutter system is high.
The profile of the wedge-shaped protrusion adopts an Archimedes spiral or other preferred profiles. When the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped profile is calculated, an analytic solution can be obtained in the integration process, or when a numerical calculation method is adopted, the calculation has convergence and stability.
The relative rotational speed of the cutter system can be increased, and the cutting fluid can be kept clean.
The deep hole drill can be used for deep hole machining or shallow hole machining; can be used for drilling, or reaming. The liquid acting force is easy and reliable to estimate. Finally, the deep hole machining precision and quality are improved by the updated technical scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a conventional inner chip removal deep hole drill processing principle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conventional inner chip removal deep hole drill processing principle.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the working principle of the connecting wedge part.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the working principle of the connecting wedge portion.
FIG. 5 is a front view of the working principle of the integrated wedge portion.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the working principle of the integrated wedge portion.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of self-centering force adjustment.
In the figure: 1-workpiece, 2-cutting edge, 3-guide bar, 4-cutter body, 5-cutter bar, 6-oil delivery device, 7-wedge part, 8-wedge bulge, 9-adjusting cushion block end face, 10-wedge bulge end face, 11-positioning block end face, 12-positioning block, 13-limiting surface, 14-screw rod and 15-support.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are further described, and the detailed description does not limit the present application in any way.
1. The wedge portion is a connected or unitary structure.
2. The liquid force is regulated mechanically, electrically or magnetically.
3. The wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped convex part is a circle, or an Archimedes spiral surface, or other curves.
4. The blades are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged; the liquid is oil or other liquid, and is filtered by a filter screen, or by centrifugal force, or by magnetic method.
5. The wedge-shaped protrusion or the adjusting cushion block is contacted with the positioning piece.
6. The material and heat treatment requirements of the top of the wedge-shaped protrusion are the same as or different from those of the wedge-shaped protrusion body; the top of the wedge-shaped bulge is provided with a coating or hard alloy or is not provided with the coating or the hard alloy; the deep hole drill is used for deep hole machining or shallow hole machining; for drilling, or reaming.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an interior chip removal deep hole bores, has blade, cutter body, its characterized in that: the deep hole drill is connected with the cutter bar, a wedge-shaped part is arranged on the deep hole drill, 2 or more than 2 wedge-shaped protrusions are distributed on the wedge-shaped part along the circumference, the maximum diameter of each wedge-shaped protrusion is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a deep hole to be processed, and the single-side gap between the top of each wedge-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the deep hole is larger than 0 mm or equal to 0 mm; the wedge-shaped bulge and the processed hole wall form a wedge-shaped space, and when the cutter system rotates relative to the workpiece, liquid is brought into the wedge-shaped space, so that the pressure of the liquid is increased; liquid flows in from the large gap, flows out from the small gap or leaks along the axial direction of the cutter system; part of the liquid from the hydraulic pump flows through the groove between the adjacent wedge-shaped protrusions, flows into the cutting part and then flows out, and is discharged with scrap iron when flowing out; the self-centering force of the deep hole drill can be adjusted or not; when the self-centering force can be adjusted, the deep hole is drilled with an electric type, magnetic type or mechanical type self-centering force adjusting device, or a precise adjusting device and a general adjusting device, the position or the posture of the wedge-shaped bulge is changed, the gap between the wedge-shaped outline and the inner wall of the hole is changed, the thickness of a liquid film is changed, and the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped outline is changed; the wedge-shaped part is an independently manufactured part and is provided with a structure for connection, and the wedge-shaped part is arranged on the cutter body and the cutter rod; or the wedge-shaped bulge is manufactured on a round sleeve, and the round sleeve is tightly matched with the cutter bar or the cutter body.
2. The utility model provides an interior chip removal deep hole bores, has blade, cutter body, its characterized in that: the deep hole drill is connected with the cutter bar, a wedge-shaped part is arranged on the deep hole drill, 2 or more than 2 wedge-shaped protrusions are distributed on the wedge-shaped part along the circumference, the maximum diameter of each wedge-shaped protrusion is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a deep hole to be processed, and the single-side gap between the top of each wedge-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the deep hole is larger than 0 mm or equal to 0 mm; the wedge-shaped bulge and the processed hole wall form a wedge-shaped space, and when the cutter system rotates relative to the workpiece, liquid is brought into the wedge-shaped space, so that the pressure of the liquid is increased; liquid flows in from the large gap, flows out from the small gap or leaks along the axial direction of the cutter system; part of the liquid from the hydraulic pump flows through the groove between the adjacent wedge-shaped protrusions, flows into the cutting part and then flows out, and is discharged with scrap iron when flowing out; the self-centering force of the deep hole drill can be adjusted or not; when the self-centering force can be adjusted, the deep hole is drilled with an electric type, magnetic type or mechanical type self-centering force adjusting device, or a precise adjusting device and a general adjusting device, the position or the posture of the wedge-shaped bulge is changed, the gap between the wedge-shaped outline and the inner wall of the hole is changed, the thickness of a liquid film is changed, and the acting force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped outline is changed; the wedge-shaped part and the cutter body are of an integral structure.
3. An inner chip removing gun drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wedge-shaped profile curve of the wedge-shaped convex part is a circle, or an ellipse, or an Archimedes spiral, or an involute, or a cycloid, or a hyperbola, or a parabola, or a probability curve, or a straight line, or a vitta, or a vine leaf line, or a Cartesian leaf line, or a cardioid, or a logarithmic spiral, or a hyperbolic spiral, or a lemniscate, or a rose line, or a combination thereof.
4. An internal chip removal deep hole drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped convex part is a curved surface, and when the force of the liquid on the wedge-shaped profile is calculated by substituting the curved surface equation into the Reynolds equation or the Navier-Stokes equation, an analytic solution can be obtained in the integration process, or when a numerical calculation method is adopted, the internal chip removal deep hole drill has convergence and stability.
5. An internal chip removing deep hole drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the blades are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged; the liquid is oil or other liquid, and is filtered by a filter screen, or by centrifugal force, or by a magnetic method.
6. An internal chip removing deep hole drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the wedge-shaped bulge or the adjusting cushion block is contacted with the positioning piece, the position of the positioning piece is adjusted, the wedge-shaped bulge has different positions along the circumference, and meanwhile, the gap between the top surface of the wedge-shaped bulge and the inner wall of the deep hole is changed; and the position of the adjusting cushion block along the circumferential direction is changed, so that the wedge-shaped protrusion changes in space.
7. An internal chip removing deep hole drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the self-centering force adjusting device comprises a positioning piece, a screw rod and a support; two sections of threads are arranged on the screw rod and are respectively matched with the threads on the positioning piece and the support; the screw threads on the support and the positioning piece have different lead lengths L respectively1、L2(ii) a The lead of two sections of matched threads on the screw is L1、L2The rotation directions of the threads are the same; the support is fixed in the groove between two adjacent wedge-shaped bulges; the positioning element can move along the limiting surface of the support, but the freedom of rotation of the positioning element around the axis of the screw is limited; rotating the screw by an angle θ, the distance the screw moves relative to the support is: theta L1A/2 pi; the reverse movement distance of the positioning piece relative to the screw rod is theta L2A/2 pi; the distance the positioning element moves relative to the fixed support is: d ═ θ L1/2π-θL2/2π＝(L1-L2)θ/2π。
8. The inner chip removing deep hole drill as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the material and heat treatment requirements of the top of the wedge-shaped projection are the same as or different from those of the body of the wedge-shaped projection; the top of the wedge-shaped bulge is provided with a coating or hard alloy or is not provided with the coating or the hard alloy; the deep hole drill is used for deep hole machining or shallow hole machining; for drilling, or reaming.
9. The inner chip removing deep hole drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wedge portion is screw-coupled to the drill bit and the tool holder through both ends thereof, respectively.
10. An internal chip removal deep hole drill according to claim 2, wherein: the main body of the wedge-shaped part is made of the same material as the cutter body, is derived from the same blank as the cutter body, and has one or more design references and processing technology references which are the same as those of the cutter body; the wedge portion is located between the insert and the threads on the cutter body for engaging the shank.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011266029.6A CN112453502A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Inner chip removal deep hole drill |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011266029.6A CN112453502A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Inner chip removal deep hole drill |
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| CN112453502A true CN112453502A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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