CN112453374A - Constant-volume quantitative pouring method - Google Patents
Constant-volume quantitative pouring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453374A CN112453374A CN202011373214.5A CN202011373214A CN112453374A CN 112453374 A CN112453374 A CN 112453374A CN 202011373214 A CN202011373214 A CN 202011373214A CN 112453374 A CN112453374 A CN 112453374A
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- quantitative
- pouring
- container
- liquid level
- furnace body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/02—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by volume
- B22D39/026—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by volume using a ladler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/003—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the level of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
Abstract
The invention relates to a constant volume type quantitative pouring method, belonging to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting; the device specifically comprises a quantitative container and a control system, wherein the quantitative container is arranged outside a heat preservation furnace body; the quantitative container is provided with a liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, the heat preservation furnace body is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is connected with the second liquid outlet; a piston rod is arranged in the quantitative container, when the quantitative liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches a quantitative position H, the control system sends out an instruction signal, the pressure controller releases the gas pressure in the heat preservation furnace body, when the temperature of the alloy melt measured by the thermocouple meets the pouring temperature T, the control system sends out an instruction signal, the piston rod is lifted to open a first liquid outlet of the quantitative container, and the alloy melt is poured into the mold through the conveying device to finish pouring; the invention has the characteristics of high precision, simple structure, low cost and easy maintenance, reduces the production cost of enterprises, improves the production efficiency of the enterprises, and ensures that the whole quantitative pouring process tends to be automatic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, in particular to a constant-volume quantitative pouring method.
Background
The aluminum alloy has high specific strength, good heat conduction and electric conductivity and excellent corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, instrument and electronics and the like. In the production and casting process of aluminum alloy products, the traditional pouring mode of carrying a ladle by workers has the defects of high labor intensity of workers, low production efficiency, inconsistent product quality and material waste. The demand for the casting production of the aluminum alloy at present cannot be met, so that people are promoted to improve the pouring mode, and an aluminum alloy quantitative pouring system is developed for the people. Compare with the pouring mode of the portable ladle of traditional workman, the ration pouring can realize the automation and the mechanization of production, this not only greatly reduced workman's injured risk, make the precision of pouring improve moreover, reduced the waste of material. Common quantitative pouring methods of aluminum alloy include laser type, vacuum type, quantitative pump type and pneumatic type quantitative pouring systems.
The laser pouring is to adjust the pouring speed by scanning the liquid level of the pouring cup with laser. Its advantages are high automation level, and laser positioning affected by temp and surface quality of molten aluminium.
The vacuum casting is to vacuumize the casting cylinder before casting, and to cast the melt by means of its dead weight or pressure difference, and the residual pressure in the cylinder is not more than 0.8 pa. The quantitative pouring is realized by controlling through a weight sensor under the die. Its advantages are high reliability, complex structure and high cost.
The electromagnetic quantitative pump type pouring is to convey melt to a container of a casting machine through a conveying pipe of an electromagnetic pump, control the liquid level height of the melt, and control the pouring flow rate by using time. The electromagnetic pump has the advantages that the structure is simple, the electromagnetic pump is an alternating current immersion type electromagnetic pump, the electromagnetic pump needs to be immersed in high-temperature melt for a long time, the performance requirement on the material of the electromagnetic pump is high, and the electromagnetic pump is not easy to maintain.
The air pressure type pouring system provides air through the air bag, establishes a certain air pressure in the heat preservation furnace, and lifts and discharges the melt by utilizing the pressure difference between the liquid outlet and the heat preservation furnace to finish pouring. The principle of realizing quantification is to realize constant pouring speed by stably controlling pressure and control pouring amount by pouring time. The advantage of pneumatic quantitative pouring is that automation can be realized, but the equipment structure is relatively complex, and in the continuous pouring process, the pressure value is continuously changed because the liquid level of the melt in the heat preservation furnace is continuously reduced, so that a complex program needs to be set to continuously adjust the pressure in the furnace.
Therefore, the quantitative pouring mode which is simple in structure, easy to maintain and high in precision is developed to solve the technical problems of complex structure, difficulty in maintenance and insufficient precision faced by the quantitative pouring modes, and the quantitative pouring method has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a simple constant-capacity quantitative pouring method with high pouring precision, so that the production and manufacturing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a constant volume type quantitative pouring method comprises the following steps:
a) a quantitative container and a control system are arranged outside the heat-preserving furnace body, the quantitative container is provided with a liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is connected with a second liquid outlet arranged in the heat-preserving furnace body; the first liquid outlet is connected with the mould through a conveying device; a piston rod is arranged in the quantitative container and used for opening and sealing the first liquid outlet; the control system includes a controller.
b) A liquid level sensor and a thermocouple are arranged in the quantitative container, and a pressure sensor and a pressure controller are arranged in the heat-insulating furnace body; the liquid level sensor, the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are connected with the controller; the controller is connected with the control end of the piston rod and the pressure controller through a lead; the work of the piston rod and the pressure controller is controlled by signals transmitted to the controller through the liquid level sensor and the thermocouple, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the gas pressure in the heat preservation furnace body.
c) And selecting corresponding parameters of the pouring casting in the control system, wherein the corresponding parameters comprise the working pressure P of the heat preservation furnace body, the pouring temperature T in the quantitative container and the quantitative position H.
d) Inputting the alloy melt into a heat preservation furnace body; when pouring is carried out, the control system sends out command signals to enable the piston rod to be compressed, and meanwhile, the pressure controller raises the gas pressure in the heat preservation furnace body to the working pressure P.
e) The alloy melt is injected into the quantitative container through the second liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the quantitative container.
f) When the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches the quantitative position H, the control system sends out an instruction signal, the pressure controller releases the pressure of gas in the heat preservation furnace body, when the temperature of the alloy melt detected by the thermocouple meets the pouring temperature T, the control system sends out the instruction signal, the piston rod is lifted to open the first liquid outlet of the quantitative container, and the alloy melt is poured into the mold through the conveying device to finish pouring.
Preferably, the quantitative container can be dismantled and connect the outer wall at the heat preservation furnace body, the inlet directly docks with the second liquid outlet, and the inlet is provided with the backward flow inclination towards second liquid outlet direction.
More preferably, the reflux inclination angle is 2-3 degrees.
Preferably, the bottom of the quantitative container is provided with an inclination angle towards the first liquid outlet, and the inclination angle is 5-10 degrees.
Preferably, a quantitative liquid level sensor and an abnormal liquid level sensor are arranged in the quantitative container, when the quantitative liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches a quantitative position H, the control system sends out an instruction signal, if a fault occurs, the abnormal liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches a warning line, and the control system sends out an instruction signal.
Preferably, the quantitative container is wrapped by a steel shell; and a refractory material is arranged between the steel shell and the wall of the quantitative container.
Preferably, the piston rod is a steel core rod; the outer wall of the steel core rod is coated with a graphite or ceramic layer.
Preferably, a protective cover is arranged above the quantitative container, and the protective cover is used for preventing the melt from being polluted by excessive oxidation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the characteristics of high precision, simple structure, low cost and easy maintenance, and the precision can reach less than or equal to +/-1%; the external quantitative container and the piston jacket used in the invention are all made of graphite or ceramic materials which are not wetted with casting liquid, do not react and are high temperature resistant; the liquid inlet of the quantitative container is provided with an inclination angle of 2-3 degrees, so that redundant aluminum liquid can conveniently flow back; a thermocouple, a quantitative liquid level sensor and an abnormal liquid level sensor are arranged above the quantitative container, so that the temperature and the liquid level position of the aluminum liquid can be detected more accurately; the lower part of the quantitative container is provided with an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees, so that a melt can flow out conveniently; a protective cover is arranged above the quantitative container to prevent the melt from being excessively oxidized and polluted; the external quantitative device is convenient for quickly replacing external quantitative containers with different inner diameters for products with different specifications to produce castings with different specifications, reduces the production cost of enterprises, improves the production efficiency of the enterprises, and enables the whole quantitative pouring process to tend to be automated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a quantitative pouring apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the quantitative device according to the embodiment.
In the figure, 1 is a controller, 2 is a pressure sensor, 3 is a pressure controller, 4 is a heat-insulating furnace body, 6 is a heating device, 7 is a liquid lifting pipe, 8 is a lifting device, 9 is a conveying groove, 10 is a die, 11 is a protective cover, 12 is an abnormal liquid level sensor, 13 is a quantitative liquid level sensor, 14 is a quantitative container, 15 is a refractory material, 16 is a steel shell, 17 is a steel core rod, 18 is a graphite or ceramic outer sleeve, 19 is a thermocouple, 20 is a piston, 21 is a liquid inlet, 22 is a first liquid outlet, and 23 is a second liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the constant volume type quantitative pouring device comprises a heat preservation furnace body 4, wherein a lifting device 8 is arranged at the lower part of the heat preservation furnace body 4. A quantitative container 14 and a control system are also arranged outside the heat-insulating furnace body; the upper part of the quantitative container 14 is provided with a protective cover 11; the quantitative container 14 is wrapped by a steel shell 16; between the steel casing 16 and the walls of the dosing container 14, a refractory material 15 is arranged. A liquid inlet 21 and a first liquid outlet 22 are arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the quantitative container 14, a second liquid outlet 23 is arranged on the heat preservation furnace body 4, the quantitative container 14 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the heat preservation furnace body 4 through bolts, and the liquid inlet 21 is directly butted with the second liquid outlet 23; the liquid inlet 21 is provided with a backflow inclination angle of 2-3 degrees towards the direction of the second liquid outlet 23; as shown in fig. 2, an electric piston rod is disposed in the quantitative container 14, the piston rod is connected to the protective cover 11, the piston 20 is disposed at the bottom of the piston rod, the piston rod is a steel core rod 17, and a graphite or ceramic outer sleeve 18 is disposed on the outer wall of the steel core rod 17. The piston rod drives the piston 20 to open and close the first liquid outlet 22; the first liquid outlet 22 is connected with the mould 10 through the conveying groove 9; the control system comprises a controller 1, an abnormal liquid level sensor 12, a quantitative liquid level sensor 13, a thermocouple 19, a pressure sensor 2 and a pressure controller 3, wherein the abnormal liquid level sensor 12, the quantitative liquid level sensor 13 and the thermocouple 19 are arranged in a quantitative container 14; the abnormal liquid level sensor 12, the quantitative liquid level sensor 13, the thermocouple 19 and the pressure sensor 2 are connected with the controller 1, and the controller 1 is connected with the control end of the piston 20 and the pressure controller 3 through leads; the signals transmitted to the controller 1 through the quantitative liquid level sensor 13 and the thermocouple 19 control the lifting and the pressing of the piston 20 and control the work of the pressure controller 3, and the pressure sensor 2 is used for detecting the gas pressure in the holding furnace body 4.
The quantitative pouring method of the constant volume type quantitative pouring device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) determining quantitative melt, selecting a corresponding quantitative container, and selecting corresponding parameters of a poured casting, working pressure P, pouring temperature T and quantitative position H in a control system.
(2) The aluminum alloy melt is input into the heat preservation furnace body from the feed pipe.
(3) When pouring is carried out, the control system sends out an instruction signal to enable the piston rod to be compressed, and meanwhile, the pressure controller 3 raises the pressure in the heat preservation furnace body 4 to the working pressure P.
(4) The aluminum alloy melt is pressed into a riser tube 7 and injected into an external quantitative container 14 through the riser tube 7.
(5) 1 thermocouple 19, an aluminum alloy melt quantitative liquid level sensor 13 and an abnormal liquid level sensor 12 are arranged above an external quantitative container 14, when the quantitative liquid level sensor 13 detects that the liquid level of the aluminum alloy melt reaches a quantitative position H, a control system sends out an instruction signal, a pressure controller 3 releases the pressure of gas in the heat preservation furnace body 4, redundant aluminum alloy melt in the quantitative container 14 flows back into the heat preservation furnace body 4 through a liquid inlet with an inclination, when the thermocouple 19 detects that the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt meets the pouring temperature T, the control system sends out the instruction signal, a piston rod is lifted to open a liquid outlet of the quantitative container 14, and the aluminum alloy melt is poured into the mold 10 through the conveying groove 9 to finish pouring.
(6) If the specification of the poured casting is changed, only the external quantitative containers 14 with different inner diameters which are matched correspondingly are needed to be replaced, and the casting parameters of the control system are needed to be selected again. After the external quantitative container 14 is replaced and casting parameters are selected, the piston rod and the pressure controller 3 enter a working state to carry out the next round of pouring. If the original casting is still poured, the piston rod and the pressure controller 3 enter the working state, and the next round of pouring is carried out.
The invention has the characteristics of high precision, simple structure, low cost and easy maintenance, and the precision can reach less than or equal to +/-1%. The external quantitative crucible and the piston jacket used in the invention are all made of graphite or ceramic materials which are not wetted with aluminum liquid, do not react and are high temperature resistant. The liquid inlet of the quantitative crucible is provided with an inclination angle of 2-3 degrees, so that redundant aluminum liquid can conveniently flow back. 1 thermocouple, 1 ration liquid level position sensor and 1 unusual liquid level position sensor are furnished with to ration container top, can more accurate detection aluminium liquid temperature and liquid level position. The lower part of the quantitative container is provided with a 5-10-degree inclination angle, so that the melt can flow out conveniently. A protective cover is arranged above the quantitative container to prevent the melt from being oxidized and polluted. The method produces the castings with different specifications by replacing the external quantitative crucibles with different inner diameters, reduces the production cost of enterprises, improves the production efficiency of the enterprises, and enables the whole quantitative pouring process to tend to be automated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A constant volume type quantitative pouring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) a quantitative container and a control system are arranged outside the heat-preserving furnace body, the quantitative container is provided with a liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is connected with a second liquid outlet arranged in the heat-preserving furnace body; the first liquid outlet is connected with the mould through a conveying device; a piston rod is arranged in the quantitative container and used for opening and sealing the first liquid outlet; the control system includes a controller;
b) a liquid level sensor and a thermocouple are arranged in the quantitative container, and a pressure sensor and a pressure controller are arranged in the heat-insulating furnace body; the liquid level sensor, the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are connected with the controller; the controller is connected with the control end of the piston rod and the pressure controller through a lead; the work of the piston rod and the pressure controller is controlled by signals transmitted to the controller through the liquid level sensor and the thermocouple, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the gas pressure in the heat preservation furnace body;
c) selecting corresponding parameters of a pouring casting in the control system, wherein the corresponding parameters comprise the working pressure P of the heat preservation furnace body, the pouring temperature T in the quantitative container and the quantitative position H;
d) inputting the alloy melt into a heat preservation furnace body; when pouring is carried out, the control system sends out an instruction signal to enable the piston rod to be compressed, and meanwhile, the pressure controller raises the gas pressure in the heat preservation furnace body to the working pressure P;
e) the alloy melt is injected into the quantitative container through the second liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the quantitative container;
f) when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches the quantitative position H, the control system sends out an instruction signal, the pressure controller releases the pressure of gas in the heat preservation furnace body, when the temperature of the alloy melt detected by the thermocouple meets the pouring temperature T, the control system sends out the instruction signal, the piston rod is lifted to open the first liquid outlet of the quantitative container, and the alloy melt is poured into the mold through the conveying device to finish pouring.
2. The constant-volume quantitative pouring method according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative container is detachably connected to the outer wall of the heat preservation furnace body, the liquid inlet is directly butted with the second liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is provided with a backflow inclination angle towards the second liquid outlet.
3. A constant volume metering method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the angle of return flow is 2-3 °.
4. The constant-volume quantitative pouring method according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the quantitative container is provided with an inclination angle toward the first liquid outlet, the inclination angle being 5 to 10 °.
5. The constant volume type quantitative pouring method according to claim 1, wherein a quantitative liquid level sensor and an abnormal liquid level sensor are arranged in the quantitative container, when the quantitative liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches the quantitative position H, the control system sends out a command signal, if a fault occurs, the abnormal liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level reaches a warning line, and the control system sends out a command signal.
6. The constant volume type quantitative pouring method according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative container is wrapped with a steel outer shell; and a refractory material is arranged between the steel shell and the wall of the quantitative container.
7. The constant volume type quantitative pouring method according to claim 1, wherein the piston rod is a steel core rod; the outer wall of the steel core rod is coated with a graphite or ceramic layer.
8. A constant volume metering method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a protective cover is provided over the metering container to prevent excessive oxidation contamination of the melt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011373214.5A CN112453374A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Constant-volume quantitative pouring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011373214.5A CN112453374A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Constant-volume quantitative pouring method |
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| CN112453374A true CN112453374A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN202011373214.5A Pending CN112453374A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Constant-volume quantitative pouring method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116900275A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-10-20 | 能硕热技术(清远)有限公司 | Quantitative aluminum liquid device and control method thereof |
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| CN101363691A (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2009-02-11 | 保罗·V·库珀 | Transferring molten metal from one structure to another |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |
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