CN112452745B - Process method for reducing burr generation rate during punching process of stainless steel sieve plate - Google Patents
Process method for reducing burr generation rate during punching process of stainless steel sieve plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112452745B CN112452745B CN202011235850.1A CN202011235850A CN112452745B CN 112452745 B CN112452745 B CN 112452745B CN 202011235850 A CN202011235850 A CN 202011235850A CN 112452745 B CN112452745 B CN 112452745B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 metallurgy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4618—Manufacturing of screening surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of a stainless steel sieve plate, which belongs to the technical field of stainless steel sieve plate processing and comprises the following specific processes: 1) preparing hybrid nano-fibers; 2) preparing silicon nitride composite fibers; 3) mixing amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber to obtain mixed powder; 4) carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the mixed powder to obtain modified silicon nitride composite fibers; 5) smelting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel to obtain stainless steel liquid, preheating modified silicon nitride composite fibers, transferring the preheated modified silicon nitride composite fibers into a mold, pouring the stainless steel liquid into the mold, casting the stainless steel liquid into a stainless steel composite material, and then punching the stainless steel composite material to obtain the stainless steel sieve plate. The process method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the generation of burrs of the stainless steel sieve plate in the punching process, improves the smoothness degree of the sieve holes, omits the renovation of the outer edges and the inner holes of the sieve holes in the later period, reduces the processing cost and also improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stainless steel sieve plate processing, and particularly relates to a process method for reducing burr generation rate during punching processing of a stainless steel sieve plate.
Background
The stainless steel sieve plate has good corrosion resistance, high rigidity and bearing capacity, can be made into rigid sieving and filtering devices of various shapes, and is widely applied to sieving, filtering, dewatering, desliming and the like in various industries. At present, the stainless steel sieve plate can be applied to classified screening and filtering operations in industries such as coal, metallurgy, stone ore, chemical engineering, food and the like, when materials are screened and filtered, in order to improve the screening precision of particle materials, the aperture requirements of the stainless steel sieve plate are different, and in order to obtain the stainless steel sieve plates with different aperture sieve apertures, the stainless steel sieve plate is required to be punched, so that the sieve apertures with different apertures are obtained.
The punching processing can obtain high-quality workpieces meeting requirements in one punching stroke, and has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and the like. However, in the process of punching the stainless steel sieve plate, rough and harmful fracture regions are easy to appear on the cross section of the hole wall, so that a large amount of burrs appear around the hole wall, and therefore, the outer edge and the inner hole of the sieve hole need to be repaired at the later stage, the processing cost is improved, and the production efficiency is also reduced. Therefore, how to process the blank piece of the stainless steel sieve plate, the generation of burrs in the punching process is reduced, and the method has an important effect on improving the production efficiency of the stainless steel sieve plate and improving the quality of the stainless steel sieve plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process method for reducing the burr generation rate during punching of a stainless steel sieve plate, aiming at the technical defect that a large number of burrs are easy to appear around sieve holes in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of stainless steel sieve plate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of N, N-dimethylformamide, putting the N, N-dimethylformamide into a container, weighing a proper amount of silicon dioxide nano powder, putting the silicon dioxide nano powder into the container, performing 300-400W ultrasonic treatment for 40-50min to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid with the concentration of 20-30mg/mL, adding the weighed polyacrylonitrile into the dispersion liquid according to the condition that the amount of the silicon dioxide nano powder is 15-18% of the mass of the polyacrylonitrile, stirring at 55-60 ℃ for 260r/min until the polyacrylonitrile is fully dissolved to obtain a spinning solution, performing air-flow spinning on the spinning solution to obtain hybrid nano fibers, and drying and crushing to obtain the hybrid nano fibers with the length of 80-120 mu m; according to the invention, silicon dioxide and polyacrylonitrile are used as raw materials, the hybrid nanofiber is prepared by an airflow spinning method, and the added silicon dioxide nanopowder can reduce the adhesion phenomenon of polyacrylonitrile in the subsequent pre-oxidation treatment process, improve the fiber strength, and improve the tolerance capacity in the carbonization process, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the fiber structure and keeping good continuity of the pre-oxidized hybrid nanofiber;
2) placing the dried standby hybrid nano fiber in an alumina porcelain boat, placing the alumina porcelain boat in a high-temperature tube furnace, heating the hybrid nano fiber from room temperature to 250-280 ℃ at the heating rate of 280 plus materials and 300 ℃/h, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment at the temperature for 2-3h, introducing high-purity nitrogen for exhausting for 30-40min, heating the hybrid nano fiber to 700 plus materials and 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 300 plus materials and 320 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 2-3h, heating the hybrid nano fiber to 1300 plus materials and 1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 420 plus materials and 450 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3-5h, and cooling the hybrid nano fiber to the room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the silicon nitride composite fiber; according to the invention, through pre-oxidation treatment of the hybrid nano-fiber, a series of complex reactions such as cyclization, crosslinking, dehydrogenation, oxidation and the like occur among polyacrylonitrile molecular chains, so that the hybrid nano-fiber is converted into a more stable pyridine ring trapezoidal structure, the fiber can bear higher carbonization temperature and the carbonization yield is improved; by carrying out carbonization treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, a polyacrylonitrile matrix in the hybrid nanofiber is carbonized and converted into polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofiber, carbon atoms shrink and are closely arranged under a high-temperature condition, silicon dioxide nanoparticles doped in the hybrid fiber are melted under the high-temperature action and are converged and gradually overflowed from the surface of the fiber in the carbon fiber shrinking process, and the silicon nitride nanoparticles react with nitrogen atoms activated at high temperature to form a silicon nitride crystal nucleus, so that the silicon nitride composite fiber taking silicon nitride/silicon dioxide as a shell structure and carbon nanofiber as a support body is formed, and the formed silicon nitride/silicon dioxide shell structure is beneficial to enhancing the interface bonding capability and improving the bonding strength between the silicon nitride composite fiber matrix and subsequent boron nitride nanosheets;
3) mixing the weighed amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber according to the mass ratio of the amorphous boron powder to the silicon nitride composite fiber of 3-5:5-7, sequentially adding alumina powder and yttrium oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 2-3% and 5-6% of the silicon nitride composite fiber, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, placing the mixture in a planetary ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 4-5h at 380r/min in 350-;
4) placing the mixed powder into an alumina porcelain boat, placing the alumina porcelain boat in a sealed tube furnace, vacuumizing the alumina porcelain boat, heating the alumina porcelain boat to 700-; according to the invention, amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber are used as raw materials, a small amount of sintering aids of aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide are added, a proper amount of ferric nitrate nonahydrate is added, the added ferric nitrate nonahydrate is decomposed into ferric oxide at high temperature and reduced into elemental iron by hydrogen, the formed elemental iron is used as a catalyst, the amorphous boron powder is reacted with ammonia gas, two-dimensional boron nitride nanosheets are synthesized on the surface of the silicon nitride composite fiber, the formed boron nitride nanosheets are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the silicon nitride composite fiber and form firm combination, so that the silicon nitride composite fiber with a nanosheet coating layer on the surface is formed, the nanosheets coated on the surface can be embedded into a stainless steel matrix, and the modified silicon nitride composite fiber can have good interface combination capability with the stainless steel matrix;
5) selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting at the temperature of 1780-; based on that microcracks can be generated under the action of stress in the process of punching a hole on a stainless steel matrix, the microcracks can be expanded and propagated in the stainless steel matrix, when the microcracks reach the interface joint of fibers and the matrix, in the transmission process of the microcracks, the fibers can be broken and pulled out to leave holes, in the invention, the modified silicon nitride composite fibers are introduced into the stainless steel sieve plate, in the punching process, the composite fiber can increase the energy required by the deformation of the stainless steel sieve plate substrate in the process of breaking or even pulling out, and because the composite fiber and the stainless steel sieve plate substrate have good interface bonding capability, the composite fiber can be delayed to be pulled out, thereby can strengthen the plasticity of stainless steel sieve for stainless steel sieve is in the processing procedure that punches a hole, and the difficult overlength area of tearing that appears around the sieve mesh helps reducing the formation of burr.
Further, the technological parameters of the air spinning are as follows: the propelling speed is 10-13mL/h, the airflow temperature is 50-53 ℃, and the airflow of the air inlet is 680-720m3The air outlet amount of the exhaust port is 1800-3The spinning air pressure is 0.2-0.25MPa, the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.3-0.35mm, the air flow slit is 0.2-0.25mm, and the distance between the spinneret orifice and the receiving device is 100-110 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in the invention, the prepared modified silicon nitride composite fiber is introduced into the stainless steel plate, in the punching process, the energy required by the deformation of the stainless steel sieve plate substrate can be increased in the process of breaking or even pulling out the composite fiber, and the boron nitride nanosheet coated on the surface of the modified silicon nitride composite fiber can be embedded into the stainless steel substrate, so that the modified silicon nitride composite fiber can have good interface bonding capability with the stainless steel substrate, and can delay the pulling out of the composite fiber, thereby enhancing the plasticity of the stainless steel sieve plate, preventing overlong tearing bands from appearing around the sieve holes in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate, reducing the generation of burrs, improving the smoothness of the sieve holes of the stainless steel sieve plate, omitting the renovation of the outer edges and inner holes of the sieve holes in the later period, and reducing the processing cost, and the production efficiency is also improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of stainless steel sieve plate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of N, N-dimethylformamide and placing into a container, weighing a proper amount of silicon dioxide nano powder and placing into the container, performing ultrasonic treatment for 40min at 300W to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid with the concentration of 20mg/mL, adding the weighed polyacrylonitrile into the dispersion liquid according to the condition that the using amount of the silicon dioxide nano powder is 15% of the mass of the polyacrylonitrile, stirring at 55 ℃ for 200r/min until the polyacrylonitrile is fully dissolved to obtain a spinning solution, performing air-flow spinning on the spinning solution to obtain hybrid nano fibers, and drying and crushing to obtain the hybrid nano fibers with the length of 80 mu m;
2) putting the dried standby hybrid nano-fiber into an alumina porcelain boat, putting the boat into a high-temperature tube furnace, heating the boat from room temperature to 250 ℃ at a heating rate of 280 ℃/h, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment for 2h at the temperature, then introducing high-purity nitrogen gas, exhausting the gas for 30min, heating the boat to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 300 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 2h, heating the boat to 1300 ℃ at a heating rate of 420 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3h, and cooling the boat to room temperature to obtain the silicon nitride composite fiber;
3) mixing the weighed amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber according to the mass ratio of the amorphous boron powder to the silicon nitride composite fiber of 3:7, sequentially adding alumina powder and yttria powder according to 2% and 5% of the mass of the silicon nitride composite fiber, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a planetary ball mill by taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, carrying out ball milling for 4 hours at 350r/min, drying the ball-milled mixture, adding ferric nitrate nonahydrate accounting for 2% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes at 200W in the absolute ethyl alcohol, drying and grinding to obtain mixed powder for later use;
4) putting the mixed powder into an alumina ceramic boat, placing the alumina ceramic boat in a sealed tube furnace, vacuumizing the alumina ceramic boat, heating the alumina ceramic boat to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min in flowing nitrogen with the flow rate of 50mL/min, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen with the flow rate of 200mL/min, controlling the volume of the hydrogen to be 15% of the volume of the mixed gas, preserving the heat for 1h, stopping introducing the mixed gas after the heat preservation is finished, introducing ammonia with the flow rate of 50mL/min, heating the mixed gas to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 5h, and cooling the mixed gas to room temperature under the protection of nitrogen after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified silicon nitride composite fiber;
5) selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting at 1780 ℃ by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain stainless steel liquid, weighing modified silicon nitride composite fibers according to 4% of the mass of the stainless steel liquid, preheating to 800 ℃ in a muffle furnace, transferring to a mold, cooling the stainless steel liquid to 1500 ℃, pouring into the mold, casting into a stainless steel composite material, keeping the casting pressure at 100MPa for 10s, and then punching the stainless steel composite material to obtain the required stainless steel sieve plate.
Further, the technological parameters of the air spinning are as follows: the propelling speed is 10mL/h, the airflow temperature is 50 ℃, and the airflow of the air inlet is 680m3The air outlet quantity of the exhaust port is 1800m3The spinning air pressure is 0.2MPa, the diameter of a spinneret orifice is 0.3mm, the air flow slit is 0.2mm, and the distance between the spinneret orifice and the receiving device is 100 cm.
Example 2
A process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of stainless steel sieve plate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of N, N-dimethylformamide and placing into a container, weighing a proper amount of silicon dioxide nano powder and placing into the container, performing ultrasonic treatment for 45min at 350W to obtain silicon dioxide dispersion liquid with the concentration of 25mg/mL, adding the weighed polyacrylonitrile into the dispersion liquid according to the condition that the using amount of the silicon dioxide nano powder is 17% of the mass of the polyacrylonitrile, stirring at 58 ℃ for 250r/min until the polyacrylonitrile is fully dissolved to obtain spinning solution, performing air-flow spinning on the spinning solution to obtain hybrid nano fibers, and drying and crushing to obtain the hybrid nano fibers with the length of 100 mu m;
2) putting the dried standby hybrid nano-fiber into an alumina porcelain boat, putting the boat into a high-temperature tube furnace, heating the boat from room temperature to 260 ℃ at a heating rate of 290 ℃/h, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment at the temperature for 2.5h, then introducing high-purity nitrogen for exhausting for 35min, heating the boat to 730 ℃ at a heating rate of 310 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 2.5h, heating the boat to 1350 ℃ at a heating rate of 430 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 4h, and cooling the boat to room temperature to obtain the silicon nitride composite fiber;
3) mixing the weighed amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber according to the mass ratio of the amorphous boron powder to the silicon nitride composite fiber of 4:6, sequentially adding alumina powder and yttrium oxide powder according to the mass of 2.5% and 5.5% of the silicon nitride composite fiber, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, placing the mixture in a planetary ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 4.5 hours at 360r/min, drying the ball-milled mixture, adding ferric nitrate nonahydrate accounting for 3% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 35 minutes at 250W in the absolute ethyl alcohol, drying and grinding to obtain mixed powder for later use;
4) putting the mixed powder into an alumina ceramic boat, placing the alumina ceramic boat in a sealed tube furnace, vacuumizing the alumina ceramic boat, heating the alumina ceramic boat to 720 ℃ at the heating rate of 12 ℃/min in flowing nitrogen with the flow rate of 52mL/min, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen with the flow rate of 210mL/min, controlling the hydrogen to account for 18% of the volume of the mixed gas, preserving the heat for 1.2h, stopping introducing the mixed gas after the heat preservation is finished, introducing ammonia with the flow rate of 52mL/min, heating the alumina ceramic boat to 1320 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 5.5h, and cooling the alumina ceramic boat to room temperature under the protection of nitrogen after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified silicon nitride composite fiber;
5) selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting at 1800 ℃ by using a medium frequency induction furnace to obtain stainless steel liquid, weighing modified silicon nitride composite fibers according to 5% of the mass of the stainless steel liquid, preheating to 850 ℃ in a muffle furnace, transferring to a mold, cooling the stainless steel liquid to 1510 ℃, pouring into the mold, casting into a stainless steel composite material, keeping the casting pressure at 110MPa, keeping the pressure for 12s, and then punching the stainless steel composite material to obtain the required stainless steel sieve plate.
Further, the technological parameters of the air spinning are as follows: the propelling speed is 12mL/h, the airflow temperature is 52 ℃, and the airflow rate of the air inlet is 700m3The air outlet quantity of the exhaust port is 1810m3The spinning air pressure is 0.23MPa, the diameter of a spinneret orifice is 0.32mm, the air flow slit is 0.23mm, and the distance between the spinneret orifice and the receiving device is 105 cm.
Example 3
A process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of stainless steel sieve plate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of N, N-dimethylformamide and placing into a container, weighing a proper amount of silicon dioxide nano powder and placing into the container, performing 400W ultrasonic treatment for 50min to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid with the concentration of 30mg/mL, adding the weighed polyacrylonitrile into the dispersion liquid according to the condition that the amount of the silicon dioxide nano powder is 18% of the mass of the polyacrylonitrile, stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 260r/min until the polyacrylonitrile is fully dissolved to obtain a spinning solution, performing air-flow spinning on the spinning solution to obtain hybrid nano fibers, and drying and crushing to obtain the hybrid nano fibers with the length of 120 mu m;
2) putting the dried standby hybrid nano-fiber into an alumina porcelain boat, putting the boat into a high-temperature tube furnace, heating the boat from room temperature to 280 ℃ at a heating rate of 300 ℃/h, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment for 3h at the temperature, then introducing high-purity nitrogen gas, exhausting the gas for 40min, heating the boat to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 320 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3h, heating the boat to 1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 450 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 5h, and cooling the boat to room temperature to obtain the silicon nitride composite fiber;
3) mixing the weighed amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber according to the mass ratio of 5:5 of the amorphous boron powder to the silicon nitride composite fiber, sequentially adding alumina powder and yttria powder according to 3% and 6% of the mass of the silicon nitride composite fiber, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a planetary ball mill by taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, carrying out ball milling for 5 hours at 380r/min, drying the ball-milled mixture, adding ferric nitrate nonahydrate accounting for 4% of the mass of the mixture, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 40 minutes at 250W in the absolute ethyl alcohol, drying and grinding to obtain mixed powder for later use;
4) putting the mixed powder into an alumina ceramic boat, placing the alumina ceramic boat in a sealed tube furnace, vacuumizing the furnace, heating the alumina ceramic boat to 730 ℃ at a heating rate of 13 ℃/min in flowing nitrogen with a flow rate of 55mL/min, introducing a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen with a flow rate of 230mL/min, controlling the hydrogen to account for 20% of the volume of the mixed gas, preserving the heat for 1.5h, stopping introducing the mixed gas after the heat preservation is finished, introducing ammonia with a flow rate of 55mL/min, heating the alumina ceramic boat to 1350 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 6h, and cooling the alumina ceramic boat to room temperature under the protection of nitrogen after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified silicon nitride composite fiber;
5) selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting at 1800 ℃ by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain stainless steel liquid, weighing modified silicon nitride composite fibers according to 6% of the mass of the stainless steel liquid, preheating to 900 ℃ in a muffle furnace, transferring to a mold, cooling the stainless steel liquid to 1520 ℃, pouring into the mold, casting into a stainless steel composite material, keeping the casting pressure at 120MPa and the pressure for 15s, and then punching the stainless steel composite material to obtain the required stainless steel sieve plate.
Further, the technological parameters of the air spinning are as follows: the propelling speed is 13mL/h, the airflow temperature is 53 ℃, and the airflow of the air inlet is 720m3The air outlet quantity of the air outlet is 1820m3The spinning air pressure is 0.25MPa, the diameter of a spinneret orifice is 0.35mm, the airflow slit is 0.25mm, and the distance between the spinneret orifice and the receiving device is 110 cm.
Comparative example 1: the removal of the silicon dioxide nanopowder in process step 1) is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2: the preoxidation treatment in process step 2) was removed, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3: the process step 2) was repeated except that the high-purity nitrogen gas was removed and replaced with high-purity argon gas, and the process was otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4: the process steps 3) and 4) are eliminated, the rest being the same as in example 1.
Control group: selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting at 1780 ℃ by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain stainless steel liquid, cooling the stainless steel liquid to 1500 ℃, pouring into a die, casting into the stainless steel material, keeping the casting pressure at 100MPa for 10s, and then punching the stainless steel material to obtain the required stainless steel sieve plate.
Test experiments
By adopting the process methods provided by the examples 1-3, the comparative examples 1-4 and the comparison group, firstly, the stainless steel plate surface with the thickness of 2mm and the specification of 1000mm multiplied by 600mm is manufactured, then 13504 small holes with the diameter of 3.5mm are evenly punched on the plate surface, and the smoothness of the periphery of the sieve holes of the manufactured stainless steel sieve plate is observed, and the results are as follows:
according to the test results, the process method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the generation of burrs in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate, and improves the smoothness of the sieve pores.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A process method for reducing burr generation rate in punching process of stainless steel sieve plates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of N, N-dimethylformamide, putting into a container, weighing a proper amount of silicon dioxide nano powder, putting into the container, performing ultrasonic treatment for 40-50min to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, weighing a proper amount of polyacrylonitrile, adding into the dispersion liquid, stirring at 55-60 ℃ until the polyacrylonitrile is fully dissolved to obtain a spinning solution, performing air-flow spinning on the spinning solution to obtain hybrid nano fibers, and drying and crushing the hybrid nano fibers for later use;
2) putting the dried standby hybrid nano fiber in an alumina porcelain boat, putting the boat in a high-temperature tube furnace, heating the boat from room temperature to 280 ℃ for pre-oxidation treatment for 2-3h at the temperature, introducing high-purity nitrogen for exhaust for 30-40min, heating the boat to 700 ℃ for 750 ℃, performing heat preservation treatment for 2-3h, heating the boat to 1300 ℃ for 1400 ℃, performing heat preservation treatment for 3-5h, and cooling the boat to room temperature to obtain the silicon nitride composite fiber;
3) weighing an appropriate amount of amorphous boron powder and silicon nitride composite fiber, mixing, adding an appropriate amount of alumina powder and yttrium oxide powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, placing the mixture in a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 4-5h, drying the ball-milled mixture, adding an appropriate amount of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, ultrasonically dispersing in absolute ethyl alcohol for 30-40min, drying and grinding to obtain mixed powder for later use;
4) placing the mixed powder into an alumina porcelain boat, placing the alumina porcelain boat in a sealed tube furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 700-;
5) selecting 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel, smelting by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain stainless steel liquid, preheating modified silicon nitride composite fibers in a muffle furnace to 800-; the smelting temperature is 1780-1800 ℃; the dosage of the modified silicon nitride composite fiber is 4-6% of the mass of the stainless steel liquid; the casting pressure is 100-120MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-15 s.
2. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate during the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 1), the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300-400W; the stirring speed is 200-260 r/min; the concentration of the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid is 20-30 mg/mL; the adding amount of the silicon dioxide nano powder is 15-18% of the mass of the polyacrylonitrile; the length of the hybrid nanofiber is 80-120 μm.
3. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 1), the process parameters of the air spinning are as follows: the propelling speed is 10-13mL/h, the airflow temperature is 50-53 ℃, the airflow of the air inlet is 680-720m3, the air outlet of the air outlet is 1800-1820m3, the spinning air pressure is 0.2-0.25MPa, the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.3-0.35mm, the airflow slit is 0.2-0.25mm, and the distance between the spinneret orifice and the receiving device is 100-110 cm.
4. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate during the punching process of the stainless steel screen plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 2), the temperature rise rate of the pre-oxidation treatment is 280-; the first temperature rise rate after the exhaust is 300-320 ℃/h, and the second temperature rise rate is 420-450 ℃/h.
5. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 3), the mass ratio of the amorphous boron powder to the silicon nitride composite fiber is 3-5: 5-7; the adding amount of the alumina powder and the yttrium oxide powder is 2-3% and 5-6% of the mass of the silicon nitride composite fiber respectively; the addition amount of the ferric nitrate nonahydrate is 2-4% of the mass of the mixture.
6. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate during the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 3), the ball milling rotation speed is 350-; the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 200-250W.
7. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process step 4), the flow rate of the flowing nitrogen is 50-55 mL/min; the flow rate of the mixed gas is 200-230mL/min, wherein the hydrogen accounts for 15-20% of the volume of the mixed gas; the flow rate of the ammonia gas is 50-55 mL/min.
8. The process method for reducing the burr generation rate in the punching process of the stainless steel sieve plate according to claim 1, wherein in the process step 4), the first temperature rise rate is 10-13 ℃/min, and the second temperature rise rate is 6-8 ℃/min.
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