CN112451730A - 一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112451730A
CN112451730A CN202011509516.0A CN202011509516A CN112451730A CN 112451730 A CN112451730 A CN 112451730A CN 202011509516 A CN202011509516 A CN 202011509516A CN 112451730 A CN112451730 A CN 112451730A
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杨革
刘逸霏
车程川
刘金锋
巩志金
孙阳
陈琦
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Abstract

本发明属于生物化工技术领域,具体涉及一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法。该方法包括以下步骤:首先制备由壳聚糖、γ‑聚谷氨酸形成的水凝胶材料;然后配置2‑脱氧‑D‑核糖溶液,并向其中加入PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀切成片状,浸泡在该均匀的PVP/2‑脱氧‑D‑核糖溶液;将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上即可。本发明制备的复合水凝胶纱布抑菌效果明显,用于创伤敷料能够有效地避免伤口感染,加快伤口愈合,制备方法简单,原料成本较低。本发明制备的聚γ‑谷氨酸/壳聚糖/2‑脱氧‑D‑核糖水凝胶可应用于多个领域。

Description

一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于生物化工技术领域,具体涉及一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法。
背景技术
壳聚糖是唯一自然存在的碱性多糖,不仅具有杀菌、免疫活性,良好的生物相容性、生物降解性及高生物活性,还具有诱导红细胞聚集,促进血小板活化以及激活补体系统等优点。而生物来源的γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)是一种特殊的聚阴离子电解质,具有良好的水溶性,生物降解性和生物相容性,并且能够与壳聚糖形成具有优良性能的电解质复合物水凝胶体系。
理想的生物医用敷料,需要具有良好的生物相容性、止血抗菌、吸收伤口浸出液,保持创面清洁,同时为创伤的修复提供湿润的愈合环境。水凝胶是一种新型生物材料,其在创伤修复方面有着重要的应用价值,创伤修复过程中创伤感染及其引起的并发症是目前临床应用上的一个重要问题。近年来,多采用抗生素来解决这类问题。然而抗生素的广泛使用导致致病原菌产生了耐药性,且目前存在的医用敷料,其负载药物后,稳定性较差,无法长期保存,因此寻找新的广谱抗菌药物来替代抗生素制备出性能好且稳定的医用敷料成为了亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法。
本发明为了实现上述目的所采用的技术方案为:
本发明提供了一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)壳聚糖和γ-聚谷氨酸加入蒸馏水中,搅拌混合均匀形成混合液;然后,在快速搅拌的同时加入冰醋酸,充分搅拌10-15s后混匀,停止搅拌,然后加入酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10-12s,室温下静置即可形成水凝胶;将水凝胶材料置于蒸馏水中,进行除酸,直至体系的pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥机中冻干至海绵状,即可得到干燥的由壳聚糖、γ-聚谷氨酸形成的水凝胶材料;
(2)配置2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液,并向其中加入PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀;将上述冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料切成片状,浸泡在该均匀的PVP/2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液中20-60min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
进一步的,步骤(1)中,所述壳聚糖和γ-聚谷氨酸以1/0.5-2;所述混合液的质量体积百分浓度为5%(g/ml)。
进一步的,步骤(1)中,所述冰醋酸的加入量占混合液总体积的0.7-1%; 所述酪氨酸水溶液的加入量占混合液总体积的0.3-0.5%;所述酪氨酸水溶液的质量浓度为15%。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液的浓度为2.5-3.5μg/mL。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述PVP与2-脱氧-D-核糖的摩尔比为1.5:1。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述2-脱氧-D-核糖用量为壳聚糖/γ-聚谷氨酸水凝胶干重的0.039-0.083%。
本发明含有γ-PGA的水凝胶具有高吸湿性,能为伤口愈合提供湿润的环境,并能快速吸收伤口表面渗出液和血液,促进伤口愈合。2-脱氧-D-核糖在创口附近能明显的加速创口恢复速度,配合壳聚糖与γ-PGA能有效避免创口感染并迅速修复创口。本发明针对现有创伤敷料存在的吸湿性差、抗菌性不强或存在耐药性等问题,结合以上三种材料的优良性能,制备出一种具有较强抗菌性能的水凝胶创伤敷料。在酸性环境下,壳聚糖同γ-聚谷氨酸形成均一的水凝胶,酪氨酸水溶液的加入,提高交联度的同时,能够提高制备载体对药物的负载率。再利用水凝胶的溶胀作用,使得用PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)均匀分散好的2-脱氧-D-核糖均匀吸附在水凝胶网状结构中。 将该水凝胶材料涂抹在纱布上制成可长期保存、性质稳定且使用方便的水凝胶纱布。
本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明制备的聚γ-谷氨酸/壳聚糖/2-脱氧-D-核糖复合水凝胶纱布抑菌效果明显,用于创伤敷料能够有效地避免伤口感染,加快伤口愈合。
(2) 本发明制备的聚γ-谷氨酸/壳聚糖/2-脱氧-D-核糖复合水凝胶纱布制备方法简单,原料成本较低。
(3)本发明制备的聚γ-谷氨酸/壳聚糖/2-脱氧-D-核糖水凝胶可应用于多个领域。
附图说明
图1为纱布包扎小鼠伤口愈合时间对比图;
其中,a为普通纱布包扎小鼠伤口愈合时间、b为对比例1制备的水凝胶纱布包扎小鼠伤口愈合时间、c为实施例1制备的水凝胶纱布包扎小鼠伤口愈合时间。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步的解释和说明。
本发明所用壳聚糖为Mw:6×105;脱乙酰化度:≥90%;粘度:400MPa·s;γ-聚谷氨酸Mw:4.4×105;所用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮PVP的分子量为Mw=630000。
实施例1
(1)将质量体积百分数为2.43%的壳聚糖、2.57%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2434 g,γ-PGA0.2566 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,然后加入占混合液总体积的0.3%的质量浓度为15%的酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10s,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(2)配置浓度为2.5μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
实施例2
(1)质量体积百分数为2.73%的壳聚糖、2.37%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2544 g,γ-PGA0.2596 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,然后加入占混合液总体积的0.3%的质量浓度为15%的酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10s,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(2)配置浓度为2.7μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。进行小鼠愈伤试验,证明得到修复性水凝胶纱布。
实施例3
(1)质量体积百分数为2.23%的壳聚糖、2.97%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2644 g,γ-PGA0.2726 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,然后加入占混合液总体积的0.3%的质量浓度为15%的酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10s,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(2)配置浓度为2.7μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
实施例4
(1)质量体积百分数为2.44%的壳聚糖、2.52%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2844 g,γ-PGA0.2585 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,然后加入占混合液总体积的0.3%的质量浓度为15%的酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10s,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(2)配置浓度为2.5μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
实施例5
(1)质量体积百分数为2.43%的壳聚糖、2.57%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2434 g,γ-PGA0.2566 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,然后加入占混合液总体积的0.3%的质量浓度为15%的酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10s,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(1)配置浓度为2.5μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
对比例1
(1)将质量体积百分数为2.43%的壳聚糖、2.57%的γ-聚谷氨酸,即壳聚糖0.2434 g,γ-PGA0.2566 g,于10mL蒸馏水中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌均匀的同时快速加入1%的醋酸溶液,快速搅拌15s混合均匀,停止搅拌,室温静置得到均一的水凝胶,将得到的水凝胶材料放入蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌器轻微搅拌,每6 h换一次蒸馏水,至体系pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥12 h,至海绵状即可;
(2)配置浓度为2.5μg/ml 2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液20 ml,并向其中加入0.164 mg PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀。切取1/6质量的冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料浸泡在该均匀的溶液中35 min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
对比例1制备的水凝胶,采用紫外可见分光光度计分别检测药物含量,统计药物负载量,对比例1的药物负载量较实施例1降低8%左右。
性能测试
将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。进行小鼠愈伤试验,小鼠伤口基本相同,证明得到修复性水凝胶纱布。所得试验数据使用Graph pad软件进行统计处理,P<0.05表示有显著性差异。
所得数据如图1所示,通过图1可以看出,本发明制备的水凝胶纱布能够有效的缩短小鼠愈伤时间。

Claims (6)

1.一种快速促进皮肤伤口愈合的水凝胶纱布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)壳聚糖和γ-聚谷氨酸加入蒸馏水中,搅拌混合均匀形成混合液;然后,在快速搅拌的同时加入冰醋酸,充分搅拌10-15s后混匀,停止搅拌,然后加入酪氨酸水溶液,搅拌10-12s,室温下静置即可形成水凝胶;将水凝胶材料置于蒸馏水中,进行除酸,直至体系的pH不再变化;将除酸后的水凝胶材料置于-20℃冷冻干燥机中冻干至海绵状,即可得到干燥的由壳聚糖、γ-聚谷氨酸形成的水凝胶材料;
(2)配置2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液,并向其中加入PVP,快速搅拌至完全溶解并混合均匀;将上述冷冻干燥的水凝胶材料切成片状,浸泡在该均匀的PVP/2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液中20-60min直至溶胀平衡;
(3)将制备好的水凝胶材料涂抹在普通医用纱布上,即制成水凝胶纱布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述壳聚糖和γ-聚谷氨酸以1/0.5-2;所述混合液的质量体积百分浓度为5%(g/ml)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述冰醋酸的加入量占混合液总体积的0.7-1%; 所述酪氨酸水溶液的加入量占混合液总体积的0.3-0.5%;所述酪氨酸水溶液的质量浓度为15%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述2-脱氧-D-核糖溶液的浓度为2.5-3.5μg/mL。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述PVP与2-脱氧-D-核糖的摩尔比为1.5:1。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述2-脱氧-D-核糖用量为壳聚糖/γ-聚谷氨酸水凝胶干重的0.039-0.083%。
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