CN112451136B - Preparation method of 3D printed dental implant - Google Patents
Preparation method of 3D printed dental implant Download PDFInfo
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- CN112451136B CN112451136B CN202011269576.XA CN202011269576A CN112451136B CN 112451136 B CN112451136 B CN 112451136B CN 202011269576 A CN202011269576 A CN 202011269576A CN 112451136 B CN112451136 B CN 112451136B
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- 239000004053 dental implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PBAPPPCECJKMCM-IBGZPJMESA-N mirabegron Chemical compound S1C(N)=NC(CC(=O)NC=2C=CC(CCNC[C@H](O)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 PBAPPPCECJKMCM-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0019—Blade implants
- A61C8/0021—Blade implants with self-incising cutting edge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- G06T5/77—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10024—Color image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
- G06T2207/30036—Dental; Teeth
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a 3D printing dental implant, which comprises the following steps: step S1: acquiring medical image data of the tissue structures of the remaining tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient, and the shapes of the remaining tooth root of the patient and normal teeth on two sides of the patient; step S2: performing post-repair processing on the medical image data acquired in step S1, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the implant, a three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment, and a three-dimensional model of the crown; step S3: format conversion is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the implant, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment and the three-dimensional model of the dental crown, and converted data are imported into a 3D printer; step S4: the 3D printer prints the shaping the planting body with fixed base station. The dental implant manufactured by the invention has the advantages of accurate size and shape, hard distinguishing from the appearance of a real tooth, simple process and high sensitivity of a patient using the dental implant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dental implants, in particular to a preparation method of a 3D printed dental implant.
Background
The implant tooth has the advantages of high chewing efficiency, no relation with adjacent teeth, long service life and the like, and is increasingly put into tooth restoration, but the existing implant tooth preparation method has the defects of inaccurate size and shape, difference with the appearance of a real tooth, complex process and the like, so that the good sensitivity of a patient in using the implant tooth is reduced. Therefore, there is a need to provide a method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant, which at least partially solves the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In this summary, concepts in a simplified form are introduced that are further described in the detailed description. This summary of the invention is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to at least partially solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a 3D printing implant, the implant comprises an implant body, a fixing abutment and a dental crown, the implant body is fixedly connected with an alveolar bone, the lower end of the fixing abutment is sleeved in the implant body, and the upper end of the fixing abutment is sleeved in the dental crown, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring medical image data of the tissue structures of the remaining tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient, and the shapes of the remaining tooth root of the patient and normal teeth on two sides of the patient;
step S2: performing post-repair processing on the medical image data acquired in step S1, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the implant, a three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment, and a three-dimensional model of the crown;
step S3: format conversion is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the implant, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment and the three-dimensional model of the dental crown, and converted data are imported into a 3D printer;
step S4: printing and molding the implant and the fixed base platform by a 3D printer;
step S5: printing and forming the dental crown by a 3D printer, and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown;
step S6: and assembling the implant, the fixed abutment and the dental crown to obtain the implant.
Preferably, a cutting edge is arranged at the lower end of the implant, a first external thread is arranged above the cutting edge, a clamping part is arranged above the first external thread, a first round hole is arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the implant, a first groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the first round hole, the first groove is formed in the upper end surface of the implant, a tapered round hole is arranged below the first round hole, the diameter of the upper end of the tapered round hole is the same as that of the first round hole, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the tapered round hole is smaller than that of the upper end of the tapered round hole, a threaded hole is formed in the lower bottom surface of the tapered round hole, the maximum diameter of the threaded hole is smaller than or equal to that of the lower bottom surface of the tapered round hole, at least one second groove is formed in the circumferential wall of the first external thread, and the second groove penetrates through the tapered round hole;
the fixing base station comprises a fixing cap and a fixing nail, the fixing cap and the fixing nail are coaxially arranged, the lower surface of the fixing cap is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixing nail, second external threads corresponding to the threaded hole are arranged at the lower end of the fixing nail, a conical round table with the same gradient as the conical round hole is arranged above the second external threads, the diameter of the upper end of the conical round table is the same as that of the upper end of the conical round hole, the length of the conical round table is smaller than the depth of the conical round hole, a cylinder corresponding to the first round hole is arranged above the conical round table, the length of the cylinder is larger than that of the first round hole, the cross section of the fixing cap is square, a third groove is arranged on the lower surface of the fixing cap, the third groove is coaxial with the fixing nail, and an elastic element is arranged in the first groove and the third groove, the thickness of the elastic piece is greater than or equal to the sum of the depths of the first groove and the third groove;
the dental crown is characterized in that a fourth groove is formed in the lower surface of the dental crown, a cushion pad is fixedly connected into the side wall of the fourth groove, a fifth groove corresponding to the fixing cap is formed in the cushion pad, bosses are arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the fourth groove, a sixth groove corresponding to the bosses is formed in the side surface of the fixing cap, and through holes for the bosses to penetrate through are formed in the cushion pad.
Preferably, the step S1 includes:
step S1.1: acquiring the tissue structures of the diseased tooth residual tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient and medical image data of the diseased tooth residual tooth root based on CBCT;
step S1.2: medical image data of the shape of normal teeth on both sides of a patient's affected tooth are acquired based on a 3D laser scanner.
Preferably, the data format of the three-dimensional model of the implant, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment, and the three-dimensional model of the crown converted in the step S2 is STL format.
Preferably, in the step S4, the laser power of the laser 3D printing is 180-.
Preferably, in step S4, the metal powder used in the 3D printing process of the implant and the fixed base is medical cobalt alloy powder.
Preferably, the processing method of the cobalt alloy powder is as follows:
step a: uniformly mixing cobalt alloy powder and reinforcing powder in a powder mixer, carrying out high-energy ball milling on the uniformly mixed powder, and finally screening out powder with the granularity of 10-30 mu m to obtain the medical cobalt alloy powder for 3D printing raw materials;
step b: the reinforced powder is one of silicon diboride or silicon carbide;
step c: the rotating speed of the high-energy ball mill is 1000-.
Preferably, in step S5, the powder used in the 3D printing process of the dental crown is a light-curable resin powder.
Preferably, the step S5 includes:
step S5.1: scanning color images of normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth of the patient through a 3D laser scanner;
step S5.2: comparing color images of normal teeth on two sides of a patient's affected tooth with dental crown sample images formed by a plurality of light-cured resin powders stored in a 3D laser scanner, and selecting the light-cured resin powder most suitable for the dental crown of the patient;
step S5.3: and replacing the cobalt alloy powder of the 3D printer with the light-cured resin powder, adjusting printing parameters, printing and forming the dental crown, and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown.
Preferably, the step S1.2 further includes processing the data point group obtained by scanning the 3D laser by using a processing unit, and the processing unit processes the data point group by:
step A1: calculating the normal vector after the data point group space position is corrected:
let the data point group set a ═ { a ═ an，∈1，2，…，an∈R3}; given an arbitrary point anIts neighbor set anj＝{an1，an2，…anjDenoted as Nb (a)n)，
Wherein: a isnIs the data point group coordinate, anjIs the adjacent point coordinate of the data point group, R is the real number set, and is oc'nA normal vector after the spatial position of the data point group is corrected, which isnIs the normal vector of the spatial position of the data point group, e is a constant, betanIs the curvature, δ2For normal-domain filtering parameters, delta1In order to be able to filter the parameters in the spatial domain,
is a normal phase included angle threshold value;
step A2: calculating the coordinates of the corrected data point group:
wherein: delta3The influence parameter a 'of the difference value of the normal direction of the adjacent point of the data point group and the current point on the current point'nThe coordinates of the data point group after correction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the dental implant manufactured by the invention has the advantages of accurate size and shape, hard distinguishing from the appearance of a real tooth, simple process and high sensitivity of a patient using the dental implant.
Other advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a 3D printed dental implant according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a dental implant in the preparation method of the 3D printed dental implant according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structure view of an implant in the preparation method of the 3D printed dental implant according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 3 at a-a.
Fig. 5 is a sectional structural schematic view of a fixing abutment in the preparation method of the 3D printed dental implant according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a cutting structure of a dental crown in the preparation method of the 3D printing dental implant according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a sectional structure diagram of the assembled dental crown and the cushion pad according to the preparation method of the 3D printing dental implant.
1 is an implant, 1-1 is a cutting edge, 1-2 is a first external thread, 1-3 is a clamping part, 1-4 is a first round hole, 1-5 is a first groove, 1-6 is a conical round hole, 1-7 is a threaded hole, 1-8 is a second groove, 2 is a fixed base station, 2-1 is a fixed cap, 2-1-1 is a third groove, 2-1-2 is a sixth groove, 2-2 is a fixed nail, 2-2-1 is a second external thread, 2-2-2 is a conical round table, 2-2-3 is a cylinder, 3 is a dental crown, 3-1 is a fourth groove, 3-2 is a boss, 4 is an elastic part, 5 is a cushion pad, and 5-1 is a fifth groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a preparation method of a 3D printed dental implant, the dental implant includes an implant 1, a fixed abutment 2 and a crown 3, the implant 1 is fixedly connected to an alveolar bone, the fixed abutment 2 is sleeved inside the implant 1 at a lower end and is sleeved inside the crown 3 at an upper end, the preparation method includes:
step S1: acquiring medical image data of the tissue structures of the remaining tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient, and the shapes of the remaining tooth root of the patient and normal teeth on two sides of the patient;
step S2: performing post-repair processing on the medical image data acquired in step S1 to create a three-dimensional model of the implant 1, a three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2, and a three-dimensional model of the crown 3;
step S3: format conversion is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the implant 1, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2 and the three-dimensional model of the dental crown 3, and the converted data are imported into a 3D printer;
step S4: the 3D printer prints and forms the implant 1 and the fixed base station 2;
step S5: printing and forming the dental crown 3 by a 3D printer, and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown;
step S6: and assembling the implant 1, the fixed abutment 2 and the dental crown 3 to obtain the dental implant.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: obtaining the tissue structure of the remaining tooth root and alveolar bone of the affected tooth of the patient and the medical image data of the shape of the remaining tooth root of the affected tooth by using a 3D laser scanner, obtaining the medical image data of the shape of the normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth of the patient by using CBCT, performing post-repair treatment on the affected tooth according to the data, establishing a three-dimensional model of the implant 1, a three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2 and a three-dimensional model of the dental crown 3, performing format conversion on the three-dimensional model of the implant 1, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2 and the three-dimensional model of the dental crown 3, introducing the converted data into a 3D printer, firstly molding the implant 1 and the fixed abutment 2 by the 3D printer, then printing and molding the dental crown 3, polishing the outer surface of the dental crown 3, and finally assembling the implant 1, the fixed abutment 2 and the dental crown 3 to obtain the implant.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of the structure, the dental implant manufactured by the invention has the advantages of accurate size and shape, hard discrimination from the appearance of a real tooth, simple process and high sensibility of a patient using the dental implant.
In one embodiment, the lower end of the implant 1 is provided with a cutting edge 1-1, the upper side of the cutting edge 1-1 is provided with a first external thread 1-2, the upper side of the first external thread 1-2 is provided with a clamping part 1-3, the center position of the upper end surface of the implant 1 is provided with a first round hole 1-4, the circumferential direction of the first round hole 1-4 is provided with a first groove 1-5, the first groove 1-5 is arranged on the upper end surface of the implant 1, the lower side of the first round hole 1-4 is provided with a conical round hole 1-6, the diameter of the upper end of the conical round hole 1-6 is the same as that of the first round hole 1-4, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the conical round hole 1-6 is smaller than that of the upper end of the conical round hole 1-6, the lower bottom surface of the conical round hole 1-6 is provided with a threaded hole 1-7, the maximum diameter of the threaded hole 1-7 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the conical round hole 1-6, at least one second groove 1-8 is formed in the peripheral wall of the first external thread 1-2, and the second groove 1-8 penetrates through the conical round hole 1-6;
the fixed base station 2 comprises a fixed cap 2-1 and a fixed nail 2-2, the fixed cap 2-1 and the fixed nail 2-2 are coaxially arranged, the lower surface of the fixed cap 2-1 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixed nail 2-2, the lower end of the fixed nail 2-2 is provided with a second external thread 2-2-1 corresponding to the threaded hole 1-7, a conical round table 2-2-2 with the same gradient as the conical round hole 1-6 is arranged above the second external thread 2-2-1, the diameter of the upper end of the conical round table 2-2-2 is the same as that of the upper end of the conical round hole 1-6, and the length of the conical round table 2-2-2 is smaller than the depth of the conical round hole 1-6, a cylinder 2-2-3 corresponding to the first round hole 1-4 is arranged above the conical round platform 2-2-2, the length of the cylinder 2-2-3 is greater than the depth of the first round hole 1-4, the cross section of the fixing cap 2-1 is square, a third groove 2-1-1 is arranged on the lower surface of the fixing cap 2-1, the third groove 2-1-1 and the fixing nail 2-2 are coaxial, an elastic part 4 is arranged in the first groove 1-5 and the third groove 2-1-1, and the thickness of the elastic part 4 is greater than or equal to the sum of the depths of the first groove 1-5 and the third groove 2-1-1;
a fourth groove 3-1 is formed in the lower surface of the dental crown 3, a buffering pad 5 is fixedly connected into the side wall of the fourth groove 3-1, the buffering pad 5 is provided with a fifth groove 5-1 corresponding to the fixing cap 2-1, bosses 3-2 are arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the fourth groove 3-1, a sixth groove 2-1-2 corresponding to the boss 3-2 is arranged on the side surface of the fixing cap 2-1, and a through hole for the boss 3-2 to pass through is formed in the buffering pad 5.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the cutting edge 1-1 is arranged, so that the implant 1 can be conveniently screwed into the alveolar bone, the first external thread 1-2 of the implant can be conveniently and fixedly connected with the alveolar bone, and the alveolar bone is produced into a groove formed by the cutting edge 1-1, so that the connection stability of the implant 1 and the alveolar bone can be enhanced; the clamping part 1-3 is arranged, so that a doctor can conveniently screw the implant 1 into an alveolar bone by using a tool, the clamping part 1-3 is convenient for fixing the second external thread 2-2-1 in the abutment 2 to be in threaded connection with the threaded hole 1-7, the conical round table 2-2 extrudes the conical round hole 1-6 in the process of threaded connection of the second external thread 2-2-1 and the threaded hole 1-7, at least one second groove 1-8 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the first external thread 1-2, the second groove 1-8 penetrates through the conical round hole 1-6, the first external thread 1-2 deforms, and the dental crown 3 is firmly fixed with the alveolar bone;
an elastic part 4 is arranged in the first groove 1-5 and the third groove 2-1-1, the thickness of the elastic part 4 is larger than the sum of the depths of the first groove 1-5 and the third groove 2-1-1, the elastic part can be a compression spring or an elastic gasket, the second external thread 2-2-1 can be effectively prevented from loosening in the threaded hole 1-7, and the fixed base station 2 is firmly fixed with the implant 1;
the dental crown 3 is connected with the fixing cap 2-1 with a square cross section through the cushion 5 fixedly connected in the fourth groove 3-1, the freedom degrees of the dental crown 3 in left-right movement, front-back movement and rotation are limited, the boss 3-2 penetrates through the cushion 5 and then is clamped into the sixth groove 2-1, the dental crown 3 in up-down movement and rotation are limited, and therefore the dental crown 3 is firmly fixed with the fixing base 2; in addition, the cushion pad 5 can prevent saliva and the like from flowing into the fifth groove 5-1, so that the corrosion of the saliva to the fixed abutment 2 and the implant 1 is effectively reduced, the service life of the fixed abutment 2 and the implant 1 is prolonged, the pressure of teeth in occlusion is balanced, and the good sensitivity of a patient in using the implanted teeth is improved.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, the crown of a tooth 3 firmly fixes and crown of a tooth 3 can not be rotatory around fixed base station 2 with fixed base station 2, and fixed base station 2 firmly fixes with implant 1, and fixed base station 2 can not be at 1 internal rotation of implant, and crown of a tooth 3 is firmly fixed with the alveolar bone, and crown of a tooth 3 can not the alveolar bone internal rotation, and then implant and alveolar bone are firmly fixed.
In one embodiment, the step S1 includes:
step S1.1: acquiring the tissue structures of the diseased tooth residual tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient and medical image data of the diseased tooth residual tooth root based on CBCT;
step S1.2: medical image data of the shape of normal teeth on both sides of a patient's affected tooth are acquired based on a 3D laser scanner.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: CBCT scanning can be comparatively accurate acquire the organizational structure of patient's affected tooth remaining root and alveolar bone, the medical image data of affected tooth remaining root, but CBCT scanning scans the scattering in the dental crown surface department of the normal tooth in affected tooth both sides, the tooth crown of the normal tooth in affected tooth both sides can not accurately be scanned to the event, lead to CBCT not abundant in the demonstration of dental crown, the event acquires the medical image data of the shape of the normal tooth in patient's affected tooth both sides through 3D laser scanner, thereby guarantee the accuracy of the medical image data of the shape of the normal tooth in both sides, 3D laser scanner can not pierce through gum and alveolar bone in addition, the event can't accurately acquire the organizational structure of patient's affected tooth remaining root and alveolar bone, the medical image data of affected tooth remaining root.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, the organizational structure of the remaining root of tooth and the alveolar bone of the patient that obtains suffers from tooth, the medical image data of the shape of the remaining root of tooth of suffering from tooth and the normal tooth of suffering from tooth both sides is more accurate, and then the three-dimensional model of implant 1, the three-dimensional model of fixed base station 2 and the three-dimensional model of dental crown 3 are more accurate, implant 1 that the 3D printer printed out, fixed base station 2 and dental crown 3 are more accurate, when the doctor healed the tooth to the patient, need not handle implant 1, fixed base station 2 and dental crown 3, reduce doctor's working strength, and then reduce patient's time of seeking medical advice, improve doctor's work efficiency, guarantee that the patient uses the travelling comfort of planting tooth, improve the patient and use the good sensitivity of planting tooth.
In one embodiment, the data format of the three-dimensional model of the implant 1, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2 and the three-dimensional model of the crown 3 formatted in the step S2 is STL format.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: a standard file format for cooperation between software and a 3D printer for designing the three-dimensional model of the implant 1, the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment 2, and the three-dimensional model of the crown 3 is an STL file format.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, the data that the three-dimensional model of planting body 1, the three-dimensional model of fixed base station 2 and the three-dimensional model of dental crown 3 carried out the format conversion is effectual to be transmitted to in the 3D printer, can be discerned by the 3D printer, and store to in the 3D printer.
In one embodiment, in the step S4, the laser power of the laser 3D printing is 180-.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the laser power of the laser 3D printing is 180-; the printing is carried out under the vacuum or argon protection atmosphere, so that the implant 1 and the fixed base station 2 can be prevented from being oxidized in the printing process.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, implant 1, fixed base station 2 intensity are high, and the shaping time is short, are favorable to reduce cost.
In one embodiment, in the step S4, the metal powder adopted by the implant 1 and the fixed base 2 in the 3D printing process is medical cobalt alloy powder.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: compared with titanium alloy, the cobalt-based alloy has high hardness, excellent wear resistance and low cost, and is more suitable for the condition that the load bearing condition of alveolar bone is poor.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, implant 1 and fixed base station 2 have more extensive application scope, and alveolar bone bears the weight of the good condition or alveolar bone bears the weight of the poor condition and all can restore with planting the tooth, need not make operations such as bone.
In one embodiment, the cobalt alloy powder is processed as follows:
step a: uniformly mixing cobalt alloy powder and reinforcing powder in a powder mixer, carrying out high-energy ball milling on the uniformly mixed powder, and finally screening out powder with the granularity of 10-30 mu m to obtain the medical cobalt alloy powder for 3D printing raw materials;
step b: the reinforced powder is one of silicon diboride or silicon carbide;
step c: the rotating speed of the high-energy ball mill is 1000-.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the diboride silicon or the silicon carbide can increase the crystal orientation structure of the medical cobalt alloy powder refined by the cobalt alloy powder and improve the strength of the medical cobalt alloy powder, the smoothness of the surfaces of the implant 1 and the fixed base 2 can be guaranteed by the medical cobalt alloy powder of 10-30 mu m, and the particle size of the cobalt alloy powder and the particle size of the reinforced powder can be quickly and effectively reduced to 10-30 mu m by the high-energy ball milling at the rotating speed of 1000-1500 r/min.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of the structure, the implant 1 and the fixed base station 2 which can be printed by the medical cobalt alloy powder prepared by the processing method have high strength and smooth surfaces, and the implant 1 and the fixed base station 2 can meet the use requirements of patients.
In one embodiment, in the step S5, the powder used in the 3D printing process of the dental crown 3 is a light-curable resin powder.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the light-curable resin can be cured rapidly under the intensity of proper light irradiation.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, the corona 3 properly shines at the 3D printing in-process, and the corona 3 of being convenient for prints layer by layer fast, reduces corona 3 shaping time, and then reduce cost.
In one embodiment, the step S5 includes:
step S5.1: scanning color images of normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth of the patient through a 3D laser scanner;
step S5.2: comparing color images of normal teeth on both sides of an affected tooth of a patient with dental crown sample images formed by a plurality of light-cured resin powders stored in a 3D laser scanner, and selecting the light-cured resin powder most suitable for the dental crown 3 of the patient;
step S5.3: and replacing the cobalt alloy powder of the 3D printer with the light-cured resin powder, adjusting printing parameters, printing and forming the dental crown 3, and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the color images of normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth of the patient are scanned by the 3D laser scanner, the images are compared with dental crown sample images formed by a plurality of light-cured resin powders stored in the 3D laser scanner, the light-cured resin powder most suitable for the patient is selected, the result is accurate and reliable, and the color comparison by a doctor is not needed; the external surface of the dental crown 3 is smoother by polishing, and is closer to normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, 3D printer answer fashioned dental crown 3's outward appearance is close normal tooth more, and true and false is difficult to distinguish, is favorable to reducing doctor working strength in addition, reduces dental crown 3's shaping time.
In one embodiment, the step S1.2 further includes processing the data point group obtained by scanning the 3D laser with a processing unit, and the processing unit processes the data point group as follows:
step A1: calculating the normal vector after the data point group space position is corrected:
let the data point group set a ═ { a ═ an，∈1，2，…，an∈R3}; given an arbitrary point anIts neighbor set anj＝{an1，an2，…anjDenoted as Nb (a)n)，
Wherein: a isnIs the data point group coordinate, anjIs the adjacent point coordinate of the data point group, R is the real number set, and is oc'nA normal vector after the spatial position of the data point group is corrected, which isnIs the normal vector of the spatial position of the data point group, e is a constant, betanIs the curvature, δ2For normal-domain filtering parameters, delta1In order to be able to filter the parameters in the spatial domain,
is a normal phase included angle threshold value;
step A2: calculating the coordinates of the corrected data point group:
wherein: delta3The influence parameter a 'of the difference value of the normal direction of the adjacent point of the data point group and the current point on the current point'nThe coordinates of the data point group after correction.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the normal vector of the corrected space position of the data point group is calculated through the step A1, the coordinate of the data point group after calculation and correction is calculated through the step A2 and the calculation result of the normal vector of the corrected space position of the data point group calculated through the step A1, so that data points with large errors are effectively eliminated, the coordinates of the data point group obtained through 3D laser scanning are guaranteed to be more accurate and to be closer to models of normal teeth on two sides of an affected tooth, and the size and shape of the dental crown 3-1 of the affected tooth after post-repair treatment are guaranteed to be more accurate.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the data point crowd's coordinate after the correction is more accurate, and then the size and the shape that 3D printer printed the kind of dental crown of shaping 3 are more accurate, can guarantee the accuracy and install to between the normal tooth of affected tooth both sides, do not need the doctor to print kind of dental crown of shaping 3 to the 3D printer and restore, reduce doctor's working strength, reduce dental crown 3 and fixed base station 2 equipment time, and then reduce patient time of seeking medical advice, improve doctor's work efficiency, guarantee that the patient uses the travelling comfort of planting tooth, improve the patient and use the good sensitivity of planting tooth.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the 3D printed implant is characterized by comprising an implant (1), a fixed base (2) and a dental crown (3), wherein the implant (1) is fixedly connected with an alveolar bone, the lower end of the fixed base (2) is sleeved in the implant (1), the upper end of the fixed base is sleeved in the dental crown (3), and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring medical image data of the tissue structures of the remaining tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient, and the shapes of the remaining tooth root of the patient and normal teeth on two sides of the patient;
step S2: performing post-repair processing on the medical image data acquired in the step S1, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the implant (1), a three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment (2), and a three-dimensional model of the crown (3);
step S3: format conversion is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the implant (1), the three-dimensional model of the fixed abutment (2) and the three-dimensional model of the dental crown (3), and the converted data are imported into a 3D printer;
step S4: the 3D printer prints and forms the implant (1) and the fixed base station (2);
step S5: printing and forming the dental crown (3) by a 3D printer, and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown;
step S6: assembling the implant (1), the fixed abutment (2) and the dental crown (3) to obtain the implant;
the lower end of the implant (1) is provided with a cutting edge (1-1), a first external thread (1-2) is arranged above the cutting edge (1-1), a clamping part (1-3) is arranged above the first external thread (1-2), a first round hole (1-4) is arranged at the center of the upper end face of the implant (1), a first groove (1-5) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the first round hole (1-4), the first groove (1-5) is arranged on the upper end face of the implant (1), a conical round hole (1-6) is arranged below the first round hole (1-4), the diameter of the upper end of the conical round hole (1-6) is the same as that of the first round hole (1-4), and the diameter of the lower bottom face of the conical round hole (1-6) is smaller than that of the upper end of the conical round hole (1-6), the lower bottom surface of the conical round hole (1-6) is provided with a threaded hole (1-7), the maximum diameter of the threaded hole (1-7) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the conical round hole (1-6), the peripheral wall of the first external thread (1-2) is provided with at least one second groove (1-8), and the second groove (1-8) penetrates through the conical round hole (1-6);
the fixing base station (2) comprises a fixing cap (2-1) and a fixing nail (2-2), the fixing cap (2-1) and the fixing nail (2-2) are coaxially arranged, the lower surface of the fixing cap (2-1) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixing nail (2-2), the lower end of the fixing nail (2-2) is provided with a second external thread (2-2-1) corresponding to the threaded hole (1-7), a conical round table (2-2-2) with the same gradient as the conical round hole (1-6) is arranged above the second external thread (2-2-1), the diameter of the upper end of the conical round table (2-2-2) is the same as that of the upper end of the conical round hole (1-6), and the length of the conical round table (2-2-2) is smaller than that of the conical round hole (1-6) ) The upper part of the conical round platform (2-2-2) is provided with a cylinder (2-2-3) corresponding to the first round hole (1-4), the length of the cylinder (2-2-3) is greater than the depth of the first round hole (1-4), the section of the fixing cap (2-1) is square, the lower surface of the fixing cap (2-1) is provided with a third groove (2-1-1), the third groove (2-1-1) and the fixing nail (2-2) are coaxial, elastic pieces (4) are arranged in the first groove (1-5) and the third groove (2-1-1), the thickness of the elastic piece (4) is greater than or equal to the sum of the depths of the first groove (1-5) and the third groove (2-1-1);
the dental crown is characterized in that a fourth groove (3-1) is formed in the lower surface of the dental crown (3), a cushion pad (5) is fixedly connected into the side wall of the fourth groove (3-1), the cushion pad (5) is provided with a fifth groove (5-1) corresponding to the fixing cap (2-1), bosses (3-2) are arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the fourth groove (3-1), a sixth groove (2-1-2) corresponding to the boss (3-2) is arranged on the side surface of the fixing cap (2-1), and through holes for the boss (3-2) to pass through are formed in the cushion pad (5).
2. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 includes:
step S1.1: acquiring the tissue structures of the diseased tooth residual tooth root and the alveolar bone of the patient and medical image data of the diseased tooth residual tooth root based on CBCT;
step S1.2: medical image data of the shape of normal teeth on both sides of a patient's affected tooth are acquired based on a 3D laser scanner.
3. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the data format of the three-dimensional model of the implant (1), the three-dimensional model of the fixture abutment (2) and the three-dimensional model of the crown (3) in step S2 is STL format.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the laser power of the laser 3D printing is 180-280W, the scanning speed is 1500-2000mm/S, and the printing is performed in vacuum or argon protective atmosphere.
5. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the metal powder adopted by the implant (1) and the fixed abutment (2) in the 3D printing process is medical cobalt alloy powder.
6. The method for preparing the 3D printing dental implant according to claim 5, wherein the cobalt alloy powder is processed by the following steps:
step a: uniformly mixing cobalt alloy powder and reinforcing powder in a powder mixer, carrying out high-energy ball milling on the uniformly mixed powder, and finally screening out powder with the granularity of 10-30 mu m to obtain the medical cobalt alloy powder for 3D printing raw materials;
step b: the reinforced powder is one of silicon diboride or silicon carbide;
step c: the rotating speed of the high-energy ball mill is 1000-.
7. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, the powder used in the 3D printing process of the dental crown (3) is light-cured resin powder.
8. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 7, wherein the step S5 includes:
step S5.1: scanning color images of normal teeth on two sides of the affected tooth of the patient through a 3D laser scanner;
step S5.2: comparing color images of normal teeth on two sides of an affected tooth of a patient with dental crown sample images formed by a plurality of light-cured resin powders stored in a 3D laser scanner, and selecting the light-cured resin powder most suitable for the dental crown (3) of the patient;
step S5.3: and replacing the cobalt alloy powder of the 3D printer with the light-cured resin powder, adjusting printing parameters, printing and forming the dental crown (3), and polishing the outer surface of the dental crown.
9. The method for preparing a 3D printed dental implant according to claim 2, wherein the step S1.2 further includes processing the data point group obtained by scanning the 3D laser with a processing unit, and the processing unit processes the data point group as follows:
step A1: calculating the normal vector after the data point group space position is corrected:
let the data point group set a ═ { a ═ an，∈1，2，…，an∈R3}; given an arbitrary point anIts neighbor set anj＝{an1，an2，…anjDenoted as Nb (a)n)，
Wherein: a isnIs the data point group coordinate, anjIs the adjacent point coordinate of the data point group, R is the real number set, and is oc'nA normal vector after the spatial position of the data point group is corrected, which isnIs the normal vector of the spatial position of the data point group, e is a constant, betanIs the curvature, δ2For normal-domain filtering parameters, delta1In order to be able to filter the parameters in the spatial domain,
is a normal phase included angle threshold value;
step A2: calculating the coordinates of the corrected data point group:
wherein: delta3The influence parameter a 'of the difference value of the normal direction of the adjacent point of the data point group and the current point on the current point'nThe coordinates of the data point group after correction.
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| CN106037965A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-10-26 | 天津医科大学口腔医院 | Individualized biomimetic dental implant and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106510873A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 上海瑞博医疗科技有限公司 | Personalized dental implant and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107485460A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-19 | 南方医科大学 | A kind of 3D printing method of the more root of the tooth planting bodies of personalized porous layer |
| CN110141382A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of dental implant and its implantation methods |
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| DE15161961T1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2015-11-26 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Process for the preparation of components of a dental implant |
| CN102188287A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-21 | 杨军 | Biological bone cement composite artificial tooth socket and artificial tooth (root) manufacturing and tooth implanting |
| CN111544139B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Personalized bionic implant for synchronously repairing defects of teeth and peripheral alveolar bones and forming method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106037965A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-10-26 | 天津医科大学口腔医院 | Individualized biomimetic dental implant and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106510873A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 上海瑞博医疗科技有限公司 | Personalized dental implant and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107485460A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-19 | 南方医科大学 | A kind of 3D printing method of the more root of the tooth planting bodies of personalized porous layer |
| CN110141382A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of dental implant and its implantation methods |
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