CN1124470C - Precise azimuth measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for accurately measuring the orientation, including the following working steps: point the imaging system to the sun, collect the image of the sun, read out the orientation value according to the image of the sun, input the orientation value of the sun into the computer, and input the observation point into the computer from the GPS system The coordinates and standard time, the computer calculates the precise orientation of the measuring point. The present invention is not limited by time and the position of the sun, can calibrate the coordinates of the equipment conveniently at any time, and can quickly display the precise orientation, and the precision can be increased to 1/10 degree or 1/100 degree, which can meet the needs of modern scientific research, military And the needs of industrial production and other fields.

Description

precise method of measuring

The invention relates to a method for determining astronomical orientation, in particular to a brand-new method for accurately determining orientation.

In today's era of highly developed science and technology, in many fields such as scientific research, military affairs, transportation and other industrial production, it is necessary to measure the precise position and height of an object or place in a timely manner. For example, to measure the position and changes of flying objects such as airplanes, rockets, and missiles in the sky at every moment, it is necessary to continuously measure their azimuth and altitude to study their speed and changes. Another example is the mobile vehicle radar and other equipment, each time it reaches a new location, it needs to quickly adjust its own coordinate system in order to accurately measure the target's azimuth and height. Another example is in astronomical observation research, when a mobile astronomical telescope arrives at a new observation point, it needs to be put into observation in the shortest possible time, and the adjustment of the equipment also needs to have accurate azimuth and altitude display. Among them, after the azimuth is determined, the altitude can be determined according to the horizontal line and elevation angle, so the technically more complicated is the determination of azimuth. There are three kinds of azimuth determination methods commonly used in the prior art: the one is to use a compass to determine the north-south line, but even if the most precise compass is used, its accuracy can only reach about 1 degree. The second is to use the shadow line at noon to determine the azimuth, and the accuracy is only a few tens of points, and this method is also restricted by the weather conditions. Azimuth determination in many technical fields requires an accuracy of 1/10 degree or 1/100 degree, which cannot be achieved by these two methods. The third method is to determine the azimuth of Polaris to deduce the azimuth of the measuring point. Although the accuracy of this method is high, it must be carried out at night and cannot be operated during the day. In the case of tight time, this method cannot meet the needs.

The present invention provides a brand-new method for accurately measuring azimuth, which can increase the measurement accuracy to 1/10 degree or 1/100 degree, and the measurement time is not limited to noon or night, and the precise azimuth can be determined conveniently at any time , so that the convenience and accuracy of azimuth determination can meet the needs of modern scientific research, military and industrial production and other fields.

The technical solution for completing the task of the above invention is: a brand-new method for accurately measuring orientation, comprising the following working steps:

Point the imaging system to the sun to collect solar images,

Read out its azimuth value according to the sun image,

Input the azimuth value of the sun into the computer,

The coordinates and standard time of the observation point are input into the computer by the GPS system,

The astronomical software and observation reduction software for calculating the solar coordinates are stored in the computer in advance, and the computer calculates the precise orientation of the measuring point according to the difference between the solar coordinate value at that time and the measured solar coordinate value.

The above calculation results can be displayed by the display system. The "imaging system" mentioned here includes an image acquisition device and an imaging device. The image acquisition device can use a simple optical telescope, a military gunscope or a guide mirror with a slight modification to the eyepiece, etc., or even a simple lens. Image acquisition device. The imaging device includes frosted glass with reticles and a digital camera. The method of collecting the sun image can be: the sun is imaged in the center of the ground glass, and then the coordinate indicating system reads out its azimuth value; or the sun image is taken by a digital camera, and the image center is obtained after being processed by a computer. Coordinates, the orientation value is read out by the coordinate indicating system. The accuracy of the former can be better than 0.1 degree; the accuracy of the latter can be better than 0.01 degree. The device for displaying the result can use a code disc, an encoder or a dial, which can be selected according to different precision requirements.

The brand-new precise measurement method of azimuth provided by the present invention is not limited by time, as long as the sun appears in the sky, no matter what position it is in, the coordinates of the equipment can be calibrated conveniently at any time, and the action is fast, within tens of minutes The calibration work can be completed. After calibration, the direction and altitude of the equipment can display the precise azimuth and altitude, and the accuracy can be increased to 1/10 degree or 1/100 degree. Its convenience and accuracy can meet modern scientific research, The needs of military and industrial production and other fields.

Further description will now be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the working flow chart of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, with reference to Fig. 1: the accurate measuring method of a kind of brand-new azimuth comprises the following working steps: the image acquisition device in the imaging system---simple and simple optical telescope is pointed to the sun, gathers solar image, and the sun image is in The center of the frosted glass with a reticle is read out by the coordinate indicating system according to the sun image. Input the azimuth value of the sun into the computer, and at the same time input the coordinates and standard time of the observation point into the computer from the GPS system. The astronomical software and observation reduction software for calculating the solar coordinates are stored in the computer in advance, and the computer calculates the precise orientation of the measuring point according to the difference between the solar coordinate value at that time and the measured solar coordinate value. The azimuth value is displayed by the code disc with an accuracy of 0.1 degrees.

Embodiment 2, pointing the image acquisition device in the imaging system-the military gun mirror to the sun, collecting the sun image by the imaging device-the digital camera and inputting it into the computer, after being processed by the computer, the coordinates of the center of the image are obtained , read out the azimuth value from the coordinate indicating system. At the same time, the GPS system inputs the coordinates and standard time of the observation point to the computer, and the computer calculates the precise orientation of the observation point according to the difference between the solar coordinate value at this time and the measured solar coordinate value. The bearing value is displayed by the encoder with an accuracy of 0.01 degrees.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of accurate measuring method of orientation comprises following job step:

Imaging system is pointed to the sun, gathers sun image,

Read its orientation values according to sun image,

With the orientation values input computing machine of the sun,

By coordinate and the standard time of gps system to computing machine input observation station,

Store the astronomical software and the observation reduction software that calculate sun coordinate in the computing machine in advance, computing machine is according to the sun coordinate values of this time, and poor with the sun coordinate values that measures calculates the accurate orientation of measuring point.

2, according to the accurate measuring method in the described orientation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of said collection sun image are, with sun imaging in the frosted glass center.

3, according to the accurate measuring method in the described orientation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of said collection sun image are to take sun image by digital stylus.

4, according to the accurate measuring method in claim 1 or 2 or 3 described orientation, it is characterized in that: increase following operative steps:

Show result of calculation by display system.