CN112444428B - Soil sampling device for geological exploration and soil sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Soil sampling device for geological exploration and soil sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112444428B CN112444428B CN202011385375.6A CN202011385375A CN112444428B CN 112444428 B CN112444428 B CN 112444428B CN 202011385375 A CN202011385375 A CN 202011385375A CN 112444428 B CN112444428 B CN 112444428B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
A soil sampling device for geological exploration and a soil sampling method thereof comprise a bottom frame which is horizontally arranged, a plurality of load-bearing universal wheels are arranged on the periphery of the bottom frame, and a soil drilling system, a soil sampling system and a handrail frame are sequentially arranged on the bottom frame from front to back. The device not only can realize the sample to the different degree of depth requirement stratum soil through the mode realization of boring soil automatically to the geology top layer simultaneously, can know the difference of the different degree of depth soil components of top layer stratum in geological exploration, and whole the in-process of getting soil has realized automatic drilling and soil collection sample, and sampling efficiency is higher, has realized the full coverage to the different degree of depth soil samples of shallow stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a soil sampling device for geological exploration and a soil sampling method thereof.
Background
In the field of geological exploration, soil samplers are often used to collect soil samples. The existing soil sampler structure comprises a circular base, a guide seat is fixedly connected to the center of the base, a soil sampling rod is arranged in a center sliding device of the guide seat, the upper end of the soil sampling rod is provided with a lead screw, the lower end of the lead screw is provided with a soil sampling sleeve, the lead screw is spirally connected into a lead screw seat, and the lead screw seat is fixedly connected with the circular base. The soil sampling rod of the soil sampler has the following defects: above-mentioned device of fetching earth can only realize the sample to stratum surface soil, and surface soil receives the analysis of various sand blown by the wind influence soil components, in order can accurately realize the analysis to soil components, carries out soil sampling analysis more accurate under surface soil, and existing soil sampling is mostly manual sampling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration and a soil sampling method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the soil sampling device for geological exploration comprises a bottom frame which is horizontally arranged, a plurality of bearing universal wheels are arranged on the periphery of the bottom frame, and a soil drilling system, a soil sampling system and a handrail frame are sequentially arranged on the bottom frame from front to back.
The soil drilling system comprises four guide rail stand columns, a drilling power mechanism and a lifting power mechanism, wherein the four guide rail stand columns are vertically arranged on the bottom frame, the vertical projections of the four guide rail stand columns are positioned on four vertexes of a rectangle, and mounting frames are arranged at the upper ends of the four guide rail stand columns;
the drilling power mechanism comprises two mounting plates horizontally arranged among four guide rail stand columns, the two mounting plates are arranged at intervals in an upper layer and a lower layer, a plurality of connecting rods are vertically arranged between the two mounting plates, a left connecting frame is arranged on the left sides of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, left guide wheel assemblies in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail stand columns are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the left connecting frame, a right connecting frame is arranged on the right sides of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, right guide wheel assemblies in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail stand columns are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the right connecting frame, a drilling motor is arranged on the upper mounting plate, a main shaft of the drilling motor faces downwards vertically, the main shaft of the drilling motor is connected with a driving shaft through a first coaxial shaft coupling, and the upper end and the lower end of the driving shaft are respectively in rotating connection with the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft which are parallel to the driving shaft are further rotatably arranged between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, the first transmission shaft is positioned between the second transmission shaft and the driving shaft, a first driving pulley is arranged on the driving shaft, a first driven pulley and a second driving pulley are arranged on the first transmission shaft, a second driven pulley is arranged on the second transmission shaft, the first driving pulley is connected with the first driven pulley through a first transmission belt, the second driving pulley is connected with the second driven pulley through a second transmission belt, the diameter of the first driving pulley is smaller than that of the first driven pulley, the diameter of the second driving pulley is smaller than that of the second driven pulley, the lower end of the second transmission shaft is coaxially connected with a drill rod through a second coupling in a transmission manner, a helical blade is arranged on the excircle of the drill rod, and a drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod;
and the power driving end of the lifting power mechanism is simultaneously connected with the two left connecting frames and the two right connecting frames.
Lifting power unit includes four small-size hoists, wherein two hoists setting is on the mounting bracket and control interval arrangement, interval arrangement about and on the underframe frame is controlled to two hoists setting in addition, the hoist on left side upper portion is connected with the left link on the upper mounting panel through upper left wire rope, the hoist of left side lower part is connected with the left link on the mounting panel of lower floor through lower left wire rope, the hoist on right side upper portion is connected with the right link on the upper mounting panel through upper right wire rope, the hoist of right side lower part is connected with the right link on the mounting panel of lower floor through lower right wire rope, upper left wire rope, lower left wire rope, upper right wire rope and lower right wire rope all are in the tensioning state.
Soil sampling system is including establishing the door type frame on the underframe frame perpendicularly, two guide rail stand fixed connection of longitudinal rod and rear side are passed through on door type frame front side upper portion, the open side of left vertical track and the open side of right vertical track are towards the left side, open side of right vertical track is towards the right side, left side vertical track right side and right vertical track left side are passed through the horizontal pole and are connected, left side vertical track and right vertical track all adopt the channel-section steel to make, the open side of left side vertical track is towards the left side, the open side of right vertical track is towards the right side, it is equipped with a rack to slide respectively in left side vertical track and the right vertical track, left side limit and the both sides limit on left side vertical track right side have welded spacing rectangular, the fixed mount pad that is equipped with in the front side lower part of left side vertical track and right vertical track, it is equipped with elevator motor respectively to go up mount pad left side and right side, gear and the rack meshing in left side vertical track, the rack meshing in left side gear and the right side, two rack lower extremes of sampling frame that the lower extreme was equipped with the sample motor that is located between two racks that the sample shaft coupling is equipped with the sample, the sample shaft coupling is equipped with the lower extreme that the sample is equipped with two sample on the left side of the open side of the sample frame and the left side of the sample, the sample frame, the left side is equipped with the sample lower extreme that the sample shaft is equipped with two sample is equipped with the sample shaft and the sample side of the sample shaft respectively, the sample shaft is equipped with the left side of the sample lower extreme that the sample shaft is equipped with two sample shaft respectively, the sample lower extreme that the sample shaft is equipped with two sample shaft is equipped with the sample shaft respectively, the left side of the sample shaft and the sample shaft respectively, the left side of the sample shaft.
The left guide plate that is equipped with the height in the left side on the sample frame, the side left side contact on the lowest border and the left side sample fill of left guide plate, is equipped with the high right guide plate in the low right side in the left side on the sample frame on right side, and the side right side contact on the lowest border and the right side sample fill of right guide plate.
One of the sampling hoppers is of a grid structure with a plurality of leak holes.
The lower mounting seat is provided with a small air pump which is connected with an air injection pipe which injects downwards.
A working method of an earth sampling device for geological exploration comprises the following steps:
(1) An operator pushes the handrail frame to move forward, the bearing universal wheel rolls along the ground, and the soil sampling device is moved to a specified sampling point and then is stopped;
(2) The initial position of the whole drilling device is positioned at the top, namely the two windlasses at the top are in a rope winding state, the drilling power mechanism is used for drawing and bearing a load by the steel wire ropes wound on the two windlasses at the top, and the two windlasses at the bottom are in a rope unwinding state; at the moment, two winches at the bottom are started to rotate forwards to start to take up the ropes and draw the drilling power mechanism, two winches at the top rotate backwards to start to pay off the ropes, and the drilling power mechanism moves downwards along the four guide rail stand columns; simultaneously starting a drilling motor, driving a driving shaft to rotate under the driving of the drilling motor, driving a first transmission shaft to rotate through a first transmission belt, driving a second transmission shaft to rotate through the second transmission shaft, rotating a drill rod coaxially connected with the second transmission shaft, starting drilling the stratum through a drill bit at the lower end of the drill rod, discharging soil fragments generated in the drilling process to the ground through a helical blade, turning off four winches after drilling to a required depth, and then turning off the drilling motor;
(3) Then two winches at the top are started to rotate forwards to receive ropes and pull the drilling power mechanism, the two winches at the top rotate backwards to start rope releasing, the left guide wheel assembly and the right guide wheel assembly move upwards along the guide rail upright post, the whole drilling power mechanism also moves upwards, the drill rod and the spiral blade are taken out of the drilled soil, and the soil carried on the spiral blade is also taken out, so that the drilling operation is completed;
(4) The whole soil sampling device is moved, two sampling hoppers of a soil sampling system are moved right above a drill hole, a lifting motor is started, the motor is started to rotate in a forward rotation mode to drive a gear to rotate, the gear drives two racks meshed with the gear to move downwards along a left vertical rail and a right vertical rail respectively, a sampling motor, the sampling hoppers, a sampling frame and a small air pump which are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the two racks are fixed to enter the drill hole downwards, when the small air pump is about to reach the bottom of the hole, the small air pump sprays high-pressure gas to the bottom of the hole through an air spraying pipe, the high-pressure gas blows out soil scraps remained at the bottom of the hole from the drill hole, then the small air pump is closed, the sampling motor is started, the sampling motor drives a sampling shaft to rotate, the two sampling hoppers on the sampling shaft also rotate along with the sampling shaft, the sampling hoppers rotate to excavate soil at the bottom of the hole, the soil excavated into the sampling hoppers fall into the sampling cylinder along with the overturning of the sampling hoppers, and part of the soil slides into the sampling cylinder through a left guide plate or a right guide plate;
(5) After the sampling cylinder is filled with the soil sample, the sampling motor is firstly closed, and then the lifting motor is closed; then the lifting motor is started to turn over, the lifting motor drives the two racks to move upwards through the gears until the sampling motor, the sampling hopper, the sampling frame and the small air pump at the lower ends of the two racks move upwards to move out of the drilled hole, and sampling is completed.
And (4) if the soil sample is required to be large, controlling the sampling motor to rotate forwards and turn over, excavating the hole bottom by using the sampling hopper with the grid structure and provided with a plurality of leak holes, and pouring the excavated soil sample into the sampling cylinder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the diameter of the first driving belt wheel is smaller than that of the first driven belt wheel, the diameter of the second driving belt wheel is smaller than that of the second driven belt wheel, so that the rotating speed of the drill rod is reduced and the torque is greatly improved through the two-stage belt transmission mechanism, and the improved drilling rotary power is realized.
2. The depth of the whole drilled hole is indirectly controlled by controlling the rotating turns of the two winches at the bottom, so that the drilled holes with different depths of the shallow stratum are realized; the four winches have the same rotating speed.
3. The bottom frame below the armrest frame is also provided with a storage battery for supplying power to each motor and the small-sized air pump, the armrest frame is provided with a control panel, and the control panel is provided with knobs for controlling the start/close, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of each motor.
4. The maximum rotation diameter of the helical blade is larger than the farthest distance between the two sampling frames, so that the sampling frames and the like can conveniently enter the drill hole.
5. Before the soil sample is collected, start small-size air pump earlier and blow off drilling in-process pore wall and the remaining soil piece in hole bottom and prevent to influence the sample of soil sample.
6. When the earth surface soil is sampled, a drill hole is not needed, and the lifting motor and the sampling motor are directly started, so that the sampling hopper rotates to excavate and sample the earth surface soil.
In conclusion, the invention has scientific principle and compact structure, can sample the stratum soil with different depths, has small labor intensity in the sampling process and high automation degree, and can sample the stratum soil on the surface layer of the geology or with different depths.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the soil drilling system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the soil drilling system of FIG. 2 with the four guide rail columns and drilling motor removed;
FIG. 4 is a perspective block diagram of a soil sampling system;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the left vertical rail.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1-6, the soil sampling device for geological exploration comprises a bottom frame 1 which is horizontally arranged, a plurality of load-bearing universal wheels 2 are arranged on the periphery of the bottom frame 1, and a soil drilling system, a soil sampling system 3 and an armrest frame 4 are sequentially arranged on the bottom frame 1 from front to back.
The soil drilling system comprises four guide rail stand columns 5, a drilling power mechanism 6 and a lifting power mechanism 7, wherein the four guide rail stand columns 5 are vertically arranged on the bottom frame 1, the vertical projections of the four guide rail stand columns 5 are positioned on four vertexes of a rectangle, and mounting frames 8 are arranged at the upper ends of the four guide rail stand columns 5;
the drilling power mechanism 6 comprises two mounting plates 9 horizontally arranged between four guide rail upright posts 5, the two mounting plates 9 are arranged at intervals of an upper layer and a lower layer, a plurality of connecting rods 10 are vertically arranged between the two mounting plates 9, a left connecting frame 11 is arranged on the left side of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate 9 and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate 9, a left guide wheel assembly 12 in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail upright post 5 is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the left connecting frame 11, a right connecting frame 13 is arranged on the right side of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate 9 and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate 9, a right guide wheel assembly 14 in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail upright post 5 is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the right connecting frame 13, a drilling motor 15 is arranged on the upper mounting plate 9, a main shaft of the drilling motor 15 faces downwards vertically, a driving shaft 16 is connected with a driving shaft 16 through a first coupler, the upper end and the lower end of the driving shaft 16 are respectively in rotating connection with the upper mounting plate 9 and the lower mounting plate 9 of the lower mounting plate 13, a first driving shaft and a second driving shaft 18 are connected with a second driving shaft 19 through a driving belt pulley 20, a second driving belt pulley 18 and a second driving belt pulley 20, a second driving shaft 21 are coaxially connected with a driving belt pulley 20, a second driving pulley 20, a driving pulley 18 and a second driving pulley 21, a driving pulley 21 is coaxially connected with a second driving pulley 21, a driving pulley 21 and a second driving pulley 20, a driving pulley 21, the outer circle of the drill rod 25 is provided with a helical blade 26, and the lower end of the drill rod 25 is provided with a drill bit 27;
the power driving end of the lifting power mechanism 7 is connected with the two left connecting frames 11 and the two right connecting frames 13 at the same time.
The lifting power mechanism 7 comprises four small winches 28, wherein two winches 28 are arranged on the mounting frame 8 and are arranged at intervals left and right, the other two winches 28 are arranged on the bottom frame 1 and are arranged at intervals left and right, the winch 28 on the upper portion of the left side is connected with the left connecting frame 11 on the upper mounting plate 9 through an upper left steel wire rope 29, the winch 28 on the lower portion of the left side is connected with the left connecting frame 11 on the lower mounting plate 9 through a lower left steel wire rope 30, the winch 28 on the upper portion of the right side is connected with the right connecting frame 13 on the upper mounting plate 9 through an upper right steel wire rope 31, the winch 28 on the lower portion of the right side is connected with the right connecting frame 13 on the lower mounting plate 9 through a lower right steel wire rope 32, and the upper left steel wire rope 29, the lower left steel wire rope 30, the upper right steel wire rope 31 and the lower right steel wire rope 32 are all in a tensioning state.
The soil sampling system 3 comprises a door-shaped frame 33 vertically arranged on a bottom frame 1, the upper part of the front side of the door-shaped frame 33 is fixedly connected with two guide rail upright posts 5 at the rear side through a longitudinal rod 34, the bottom of a top cross beam of the door-shaped frame 33 is fixedly connected with a left vertical rail 35 and a right vertical rail 36, the right side of the left vertical rail 35 is connected with the left side of the right vertical rail 36 through a cross rod 37, the left vertical rail 35 and the right vertical rail 36 are both made of channel steel, the open side of the left vertical rail 35 faces to the left, the open side of the right vertical rail 36 faces to the right, a rack 38 is respectively arranged in the left vertical rail 35 and the right vertical rail 36 in a sliding manner, limiting strips 39 are respectively welded on the two side edges at the left side of the left vertical rail 35 and the two side edges at the right side of the left vertical rail 35, an upper mounting seat 40 is fixedly arranged on the lower part of the front side of the left vertical rail 35 and the right vertical rail 36, and a lifting motor 41 is respectively arranged on the left side and right side of the upper mounting seat 40, gear 42 is installed to elevator motor 41's main shaft, left gear 42 and the meshing of the rack 38 in the vertical track 35 of left side, the gear 42 on right side and the meshing of the rack 38 in the vertical track 36 of right side, two rack 38 lower extremes are equipped with down mount pad 43, be equipped with the sample motor 44 that is located between two racks 38 on the mount pad 43 down, the main shaft of sample motor 44 sets up towards the back and is connected with sample axle 45 through the third coupling joint, install two sample hoppers 46 about sample axle 45 central line symmetry on the sample axle 45, the outside limit of the open side of sample hopper 46 is equipped with excavates tooth 47, the lower extreme left side of left side rack 38 and the lower extreme right side of right side rack 38 all are fixed and are equipped with a sample frame 48, two sample frames 48 are located the left and right sides of two sample hoppers 46 respectively, all be equipped with quick detachable sampling tube 49 on two sample frames 48.
The left guide plate 50 which is high at the left side and low at the right side is arranged on the left sampling frame 48, the lowest edge of the left guide plate 50 is in left-side contact with the upper side of the left sampling hopper 46, the right guide plate 51 which is low at the left side and high at the right side is arranged on the right sampling frame 48, and the lowest edge of the right guide plate 51 is in right-side contact with the upper side of the right sampling hopper 46.
One of the sample hoppers 46 is a grid structure 52 with a number of weep holes.
The lower mounting seat 43 is provided with a small air pump 53, and the small air pump 53 is connected with an air injection pipe 54 which injects downwards.
A working method of an earth sampling device for geological exploration comprises the following steps:
(1) An operator pushes the handrail frame 4 to move forward, the bearing universal wheel 2 rolls along the ground, and the soil sampling device is moved to a designated sampling point and then is stopped;
(2) The initial position of the whole drilling device is positioned at the top, namely the two windlasses 28 at the top are in a rope receiving state, the drilling power mechanism 6 is used for drawing and bearing a load by the steel wire ropes wound on the two windlasses 28 at the top, and the two windlasses 28 at the bottom are in a rope releasing state; at this time, the two winches 28 at the bottom are started to rotate positively to start rope collection, traction and drilling power mechanism 6, the two winches 28 at the top rotate negatively to start rope release, and the drilling power mechanism 6 moves downwards along the four guide rail stand columns 5; simultaneously starting a drilling motor 15, driving a driving shaft 16 to rotate under the driving of the drilling motor 15, driving a first transmission shaft 17 to rotate through a first transmission belt 23, rotating a second transmission shaft 18 through the second transmission shaft 18, rotating a drill rod 25 coaxially connected with the second transmission shaft 18, starting drilling the stratum by a drill bit 27 at the lower end of the drill rod 25, discharging soil fragments generated in the drilling process to the ground through a helical blade 26, closing four winches 28 after the drilling reaches the required depth, and then closing the drilling motor 15;
(3) Then, the two winches 28 at the top are started to rotate forwards to receive ropes to pull the drilling power mechanism 6, the two winches 28 at the top rotate backwards to start rope releasing, the left guide wheel assembly 12 and the right guide wheel assembly 14 move upwards along the guide rail upright post 5, the whole drilling power mechanism 6 also moves upwards, the drill rod 25 and the spiral blade 26 are taken out of the drilled soil, and the soil carried on the spiral blade 26 is also taken out, so that the drilling operation is completed;
(4) Moving the whole soil sampling device, moving two sampling hoppers 46 of the soil sampling system 3 to the position right above the drill hole, starting a lifting motor 41, starting the motor to rotate a forward driving gear 42, driving two racks 38 meshed with the gear 42 to move downwards along a left vertical rail 35 and a right vertical rail 36 respectively, driving a sampling motor 44, the sampling hoppers 46, a sampling frame 48 and a small air pump 53 which are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the two racks 38 to enter the drill hole downwards, starting the small air pump 53 when the soil is about to reach the bottom of the hole, spraying high-pressure gas to the bottom of the hole through an air spraying pipe 54 by the small air pump 53, blowing out soil debris left at the bottom of the hole out of the drill hole by the high-pressure gas, then closing the small air pump 53, starting the sampling motor 44, driving the sampling shaft 45 to rotate by the sampling motor 44, enabling the two sampling hoppers 46 on the sampling shaft 45 to rotate along with the sampling shaft 45, excavating the soil at the bottom of the sampling hoppers 46 to excavate, enabling the soil excavated into the sampling hoppers 46 to fall into a sampling cylinder 49 along with the overturning of the sampling hoppers 46, and enabling a part of the soil to slide into the sampling cylinder 49 through a left guide plate 50 or a right guide plate 51;
(5) After the sampling cylinder 49 is filled with the soil sample, the sampling motor 44 is turned off first, and then the lifting motor 41 is turned off; and then starting the lifting motor 41 to turn over, wherein the lifting motor 41 drives the two racks 38 to move upwards through the gear 42 until the sampling motor 44, the sampling hopper 46, the sampling frame 48 and the small air pump 53 at the lower ends of the two racks 38 move upwards out of the drilled hole, and sampling is completed.
In the step (4), if the soil sample is large, the sampling motor 44 can be controlled to rotate forward and then turn over, the bottom of the hole is dug only by the sampling hopper 46 with the grid structure 52 with a plurality of leak holes, and the dug soil sample is poured into the sampling cylinder 49.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A soil sampling device for geological exploration is characterized in that: the soil drilling machine comprises a bottom frame which is horizontally arranged, wherein a plurality of load-bearing universal wheels are arranged on the periphery of the bottom frame, and a soil drilling system, a soil sampling system and a handrail frame are sequentially arranged on the bottom frame from front to back;
the soil drilling system comprises four guide rail stand columns, a drilling power mechanism and a lifting power mechanism, wherein the four guide rail stand columns are vertically arranged on the bottom frame, the vertical projections of the four guide rail stand columns are positioned on four vertexes of a rectangle, and mounting frames are arranged at the upper ends of the four guide rail stand columns;
the drilling power mechanism comprises two mounting plates horizontally arranged among four guide rail stand columns, the two mounting plates are arranged at intervals in an upper layer and a lower layer, a plurality of connecting rods are vertically arranged between the two mounting plates, a left connecting frame is arranged on the left sides of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, left guide wheel assemblies in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail stand columns are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the left connecting frame, a right connecting frame is arranged on the right sides of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, right guide wheel assemblies in rolling connection with the corresponding side guide rail stand columns are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the right connecting frame, a drilling motor is arranged on the upper mounting plate, a main shaft of the drilling motor faces downwards vertically, the main shaft of the drilling motor is connected with a driving shaft through a first coaxial shaft coupling, and the upper end and the lower end of the driving shaft are respectively in rotating connection with the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft which are parallel to the driving shaft are further rotatably arranged between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, the first transmission shaft is positioned between the second transmission shaft and the driving shaft, a first driving pulley is arranged on the driving shaft, a first driven pulley and a second driving pulley are arranged on the first transmission shaft, a second driven pulley is arranged on the second transmission shaft, the first driving pulley is connected with the first driven pulley through a first transmission belt, the second driving pulley is connected with the second driven pulley through a second transmission belt, the diameter of the first driving pulley is smaller than that of the first driven pulley, the diameter of the second driving pulley is smaller than that of the second driven pulley, the lower end of the second transmission shaft is coaxially and drivingly connected with a drill rod through a second coupling, a helical blade is arranged on the excircle of the drill rod, and a drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod;
the power driving end of the lifting power mechanism is simultaneously connected with the two left connecting frames and the two right connecting frames;
the soil sampling system comprises a door-shaped frame vertically arranged on a bottom frame, the upper part of the front side of the door-shaped frame is fixedly connected with two guide rail upright posts at the rear side through a longitudinal rod, the bottom of a top cross beam of the door-shaped frame is fixedly connected with a left vertical rail and a right vertical rail, the right side of the left vertical rail and the left side of the right vertical rail are connected through a cross rod, the left vertical rail and the right vertical rail are both made of channel steel, the open side of the left vertical rail faces to the left, the open side of the right vertical rail faces to the right, a rack is respectively arranged in the left vertical rail and the right vertical rail in a sliding manner, a limiting strip is respectively welded on the two side edges at the left side of the left vertical rail and the two side edges at the right side of the left vertical rail, the lower parts at the front sides of the left vertical rail and the right vertical rail are fixedly provided with an upper mounting seat, and the left side and the right side of the upper mounting seat are respectively provided with a lifting motor, the gear is installed to elevator motor's main shaft, the rack toothing in left gear and the vertical track in a left side, the gear on right side and the rack toothing in the vertical track in the right side, two rack lower extremes are equipped with down the mount pad, be equipped with the sample motor that is located between two racks down on the mount pad, the main shaft of sample motor sets up towards the back and has the sample axle through third coupling joint, install two sample hoppers about the sample axle central line symmetry on the sample axle, the outside limit of the uncovered side of sample hopper is equipped with excavates the tooth, the lower extreme left side of left side rack and the lower extreme right side of right side rack are all fixed and are equipped with a sample frame, two sample frames are located the left and right sides of two sample hoppers respectively, all be equipped with quick detachable sampler barrel on two sample frames.
2. The soil sampling device for geological exploration, according to claim 1, characterized in that: lifting power unit includes four small-size hoists, wherein two hoists setting is on the mounting bracket and control interval arrangement, interval arrangement about and on the underframe frame is controlled to two hoists setting in addition, the hoist on left side upper portion is connected with the left link on the upper mounting panel through upper left wire rope, the hoist of left side lower part is connected with the left link on the mounting panel of lower floor through lower left wire rope, the hoist on right side upper portion is connected with the right link on the upper mounting panel through upper right wire rope, the hoist of right side lower part is connected with the right link on the mounting panel of lower floor through lower right wire rope, upper left wire rope, lower left wire rope, upper right wire rope and lower right wire rope all are in the tensioning state.
3. The soil sampling device for geological exploration, according to claim 2, wherein: the left guide plate that is equipped with the height in the left side on the sample frame, the side left side contact on the lowest border and the left side sample fill of left guide plate, is equipped with the high right guide plate in the low right side in the left side on the sample frame on right side, and the side right side contact on the lowest border and the right side sample fill of right guide plate.
4. The soil sampling device for geological exploration, according to claim 3, wherein: one of the sampling hoppers is of a grid structure with a plurality of leak holes.
5. The soil sampling device for geological exploration, according to claim 4, wherein: the lower mounting seat is provided with a small air pump which is connected with an air injection pipe which injects downwards.
6. A method of operating an earth-sampling device for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) An operator pushes the handrail frame to move forward, the bearing universal wheel rolls along the ground, and the soil sampling device is moved to a specified sampling point and then is stopped;
(2) The initial position of the whole drilling device is positioned at the top, namely the two windlasses at the top are in a rope winding state, the drilling power mechanism is used for drawing and bearing a load by the steel wire ropes wound on the two windlasses at the top, and the two windlasses at the bottom are in a rope unwinding state; at the moment, two winches at the bottom are started to rotate forwards to start rope collection and traction of the drilling power mechanism, two winches at the top rotate backwards to start rope release, and the drilling power mechanism moves downwards along the four guide rail stand columns; simultaneously starting a drilling motor, driving a driving shaft to rotate under the driving of the drilling motor, driving a first transmission shaft to rotate through a first transmission belt, driving a second transmission shaft to rotate through the second transmission shaft, rotating a drill rod coaxially connected with the second transmission shaft, starting drilling the stratum through a drill bit at the lower end of the drill rod, discharging soil fragments generated in the drilling process to the ground through a helical blade, turning off four winches after drilling to a required depth, and then turning off the drilling motor;
(3) Then, the two winches at the top are started to rotate forward to receive ropes and pull the drilling power mechanism, the two winches at the top rotate reversely to begin to release the ropes, the left guide wheel assembly and the right guide wheel assembly move upwards along the guide rail upright post, the whole drilling power mechanism also moves upwards, the drill rod and the spiral blade are taken out of the drilled soil, and the soil carried on the spiral blade is also taken out, so that the drilling operation is completed;
(4) Moving the whole soil sampling device, moving two sampling hoppers of a soil sampling system right above a drill hole, starting a lifting motor, driving the gear to rotate by the forward rotation of the starting motor, driving two racks meshed with the gear to move downwards along a left vertical rail and a right vertical rail respectively, driving a sampling motor, the sampling hoppers, a sampling frame and a small air pump which are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the two racks to enter the drill hole downwards, starting the small air pump when the soil sampling hoppers are about to reach the bottom of the hole, ejecting high-pressure gas to the bottom of the hole through an air ejecting pipe by the small air pump, blowing out soil scraps remained at the bottom of the hole out of the drill hole by the high-pressure gas, closing the small air pump, starting the sampling motor, driving a sampling shaft to rotate by the sampling motor, enabling the two sampling hoppers on the sampling shaft to rotate along with the sampling shaft, excavating soil at the bottom of the hole by the rotation of the sampling hoppers, falling the soil excavated into the sampling hoppers into a sampling cylinder along with the overturning of the sampling hoppers, and enabling a part of the soil to slide into the sampling cylinder by a left guide plate or a right guide plate;
(5) After the sampling cylinder is filled with the soil sample, the sampling motor is firstly closed, and then the lifting motor is closed; then the lifting motor is started to turn over, the lifting motor drives the two racks to move upwards through the gears until the sampling motor, the sampling hopper, the sampling frame and the small air pump at the lower ends of the two racks move upwards to move out of the drilled hole, and sampling is completed.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: and (4) if the soil sample is required to be large, controlling the sampling motor to rotate forwards and turn over, excavating the hole bottom by using the sampling hopper with the grid structure and provided with a plurality of leak holes, and pouring the excavated soil sample into the sampling cylinder.
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| CN113079793B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-15 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Large-range comprehensive regulation and control method for water, fertilizer and salt of saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning |
| CN114320159B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 临沂会宝岭铁矿有限公司 | Goaf bottom edge construction drilling method and device |
| CN116223108B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-07-21 | 河南省新乡生态环境监测中心 | Deep sampling analysis equipment of environmental monitoring |
| CN116499795B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2024-05-07 | 姚生海 | Rock and soil sampling drilling method |
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