CN112444333A - Detachable strain sensor and measuring method - Google Patents
Detachable strain sensor and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112444333A CN112444333A CN202011272922.XA CN202011272922A CN112444333A CN 112444333 A CN112444333 A CN 112444333A CN 202011272922 A CN202011272922 A CN 202011272922A CN 112444333 A CN112444333 A CN 112444333A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detachable strain sensor and a measuring method, wherein the sensor comprises a metal sheet, a strain gauge, a flexible circuit board and a signal interface; the strain gauge is fixed on the metal sheet and electrically connected with the flexible circuit board, and a signal interface is arranged on the flexible circuit board; the foil is arranged on the testing component, the strain gauge is correspondingly arranged on the part to be tested of the testing component through the foil, and the signal interface is connected with the testing system. The measuring method comprises the following steps of 1, selecting a corresponding strain gauge according to the measurement requirement; step 2, fixing the strain gauge on the metal sheet, and pressurizing and curing; step 3, bridge connection is carried out between the flexible circuit board and the strain gauge; step 4, connecting a signal interface on the flexible circuit board with a measurement system; and 5, fixing the metal sheet on the part to be measured of the test component for measurement. Simple structure, simple to operate is convenient for measure, but quick dismantlement and be used for the measurement of other same components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly belongs to a detachable strain sensor and a measuring method.
Background
The measuring technology of the resistance strain gauge sensor is an experimental stress analysis method which uses a resistance strain gauge to measure the surface strain of a component, combines a Wheatstone bridge measuring principle according to a relation formula of stress and strain to form a strain type sensor and determines the surface stress state of the component.
In the using process of the conventional resistance strain gauge, firstly, a strain area needing to be measured is analyzed, the strain gauge meeting the requirement or the strain gauge with a specific structure is selected, then, the strain area needing to be measured of a measured object is subjected to surface treatment (grinding, sand blasting, etching and the like), then, the adhesive is coated, the strain gauge is pasted, then, the pasting strain gauge is subjected to pressurization, curing and stabilizing treatment, a Wheatstone measuring bridge and a welding outgoing line are formed again according to the measurement requirement, whether the performance meets the requirement or not is tested, finally, the product meeting the requirement is subjected to adhesive coating protection and adhesive layer curing, the product not meeting the requirement is repaired, and even the product is manufactured by re-pasting.
As can be seen from the above, the conventional strain gauge sensor is used in some engineering fields, such as stress-strain measurement of a large-sized rotating shaft (diameter exceeding 1M, pressure curing difficulty is high), stress-strain measurement of a member which cannot be disassembled or assembled with high difficulty (such as a structural member which is difficult to disassemble on heavy equipment), measurement places which cannot be shut down for a long time (such as a power station gear shaft), and the like, and the conventional strain gauge sensor measurement method has the defects that the measurement places are limited, the manufacturing period is long, and some installation conditions cannot be met, and the use of the conventional strain gauge sensor is limited, in terms of the manufacturing period of the sensor and the operability of the process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a detachable strain sensor and a measuring method, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation and measurement, and can be quickly detached and used for measuring other same components.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a detachable strain sensor comprises a metal sheet, a strain gauge, a flexible circuit board and a signal interface;
the strain gauge is fixed on the metal sheet and electrically connected with the flexible circuit board, and a signal interface is arranged on the flexible circuit board; the foil is arranged on the testing component, the strain gauge is correspondingly arranged on the part to be tested of the testing component through the foil, and the signal interface is connected with the testing system.
Preferably, the metal sheet is rectangular, the rectangular metal sheet is wound on the test member, and the strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the test member.
Further, still including tightening up ribbon and pull ring, two tip of foil all are provided with the pull ring, and two tip encircle the test component after, tighten up the ribbon and pass two pull rings and tighten up fixedly to the foil.
Preferably, the strain gauge and the flexible circuit board are coated with protective glue.
Preferably, the metal sheet is of an integral structure or a split structure.
Preferably, the metal sheet is fixed to the test member by means of an adhesive, a hot melt adhesive or a metal spot welding.
Preferably, the signal interface is a fixed connector, a slip ring or a wireless transmission interface.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal sheet is 0.01mm to 0.1 mm.
Preferably, the metal sheet is made of 2Cr13 stainless steel, beryllium bronze steel or 303 stainless steel.
A measuring method of a detachable strain gauge sensor comprises the following steps,
and 5, fixing the metal sheet on the part to be measured of the test component for measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a detachable strain sensor, which is characterized in that a strain gauge is arranged on a metal sheet, the metal sheet is attached to a measuring member for measurement, after the measurement is finished, the metal sheet and the measuring member are peeled off to finish the detachment of the sensor, and the detached sensor can be quickly used for the measurement of other same members. The situation that pressurization and solidification cannot be carried out after the strain gauge is attached to the surface due to the fact that the operation space of the large-size product of the structural component is limited is avoided, the situation that a conventional sensor cannot be installed due to the fact that a testing component cannot be detached is avoided, and the working condition place that the surface is attached to the surface for testing cannot be stopped for a long time is avoided. The strain gauge can meet the requirement that the strain gauge cannot be directly adhered to a test component for testing or the measurement cannot be carried out when a conventional sensor cannot be installed due to the restriction of engineering conditions.
Furthermore, through setting up rectangle foil through the winding on the test component, be convenient for install and measure and dismantle behind the measurement and the side measurement.
Further, all set up the pull ring through two tip at foil, tighten up the ribbon and pass two pull rings and tighten up fixedly to foil, conveniently fix the sheetmetal in the installation, and only need loosen when dismantling and tighten up the ribbon and can dismantle.
Furthermore, protective glue is coated on the strain gauge and the flexible circuit board, and is used for protecting the strain gauge, the flexible circuit board, the compensation wire and the welding point in the measurement process, so that the service life of the sensor is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of strain gauges with mutually perpendicular wire grids for tension-compression deformation according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire-grid double-inclined 45-degree structure strain gauge for torsional deformation according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined strain gauge for combined tension/compression-torsion deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical distribution of conventional patch strain gauges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an expanded view of an integrated foil sensor according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical design of a strain gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a detachable strain gauge sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a detachable strain sensitive test member;
in the drawings: 1 is a metal sheet; 2 is a strain gauge; 3 is a flexible circuit board; 4 is a signal interface; 5 is protective glue; 6 is an integrated metal sheet sensor; 7 is a test member; 8, tightening the ribbon; 9 is a pull ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
A detachable strain sensor comprises a metal sheet 1, a strain gauge 2, a flexible circuit board 3 and a signal interface 4; . The strain gauge 2 is fixed on the metal sheet 1, the strain gauge 2 is electrically connected with the flexible circuit board 3, and the flexible circuit board 3 is provided with a signal interface 4; the foil 1 is arranged on a testing component 7, the strain gauge 2 is correspondingly arranged on a to-be-tested part of the testing component 7 through the foil 1, and the signal interface 4 is connected with a testing system.
The detachable strain type sensor can be manufactured into a whole according to a measuring object, namely all strain gauges 2 are arranged on the same metal sheet 1, and the detachable strain type sensor is used for measuring torque; the strain gauge 2 can also be made into a split type, namely the strain gauge is stuck on two or more than two metal sheets 1, for example, the strain gauge is used for measuring bending moment; the detachable sensor is fixed on a testing component 7 by adhering normal-temperature curing adhesive, welding by a welding machine or adhering hot melt adhesive, a signal interface 4 reserved on the sensor is butted with a testing system, when the component is in a working state, a required strain value can be measured, and a required mechanical measurement value can be obtained according to subsequent circuit and software processing calculation. The measurement is finished, the sensor can be disassembled by peeling the metal sheet 1 and the measuring component, and the disassembled sensor can be quickly used for measuring other same components.
The metal sheet 1 is an extremely thin metal sheet with good mechanical property, the thickness of the metal sheet 1 is 0.01 mm-0.1 mm, and the metal sheet 1 is made of common materials such as 2Cr13 stainless steel bands and beryllium bronze steel bands, and 303 stainless steel bands can be selected for diamagnetic occasions; the metal sheet 1 is cut into a size meeting the size specification of a strain test object by adopting processing modes such as laser cutting, die punching, cutting and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, the strain gauge 2 is a combination of a full-bridge strain gauge, a half-bridge strain gauge, and a single-plate strain gauge designed for tension-compression deformation, bending deformation, torsion deformation, or a combined deformation thereof, which is made from a measurement object. For example, fig. 1 shows structural strain gauges with mutually perpendicular wire grids for tension-compression deformation, fig. 2 shows a structural strain gauge with a wire grid double-inclined angle of 45 ° for torsion deformation, and fig. 3 shows a combined strain gauge for combined tension-torsion deformation.
A measuring method of a detachable strain gauge sensor comprises the following steps,
and 5, fixing the metal sheet 1 on the part to be measured of the testing component 7 for measurement.
According to a measuring object, the strain gauge 2 is pasted on the metal sheet 1, the manufacturing process of a conventional sensor can be fully utilized, so that the strain gauge 2 is fully solidified on the metal sheet 1, and a Wheatstone bridge is formed. The metal sheet 1 is temporarily fixed on a selected measuring area on the testing member 7, and the reserved signal interface 4 is butted with a measuring system, so that the required mechanical measurement quantity is obtained through strain-stress conversion.
According to the invention, the strain gauge 2 is adhered to the metal sheet 1 in advance, so that the manufacturing process of a conventional sensor can be fully utilized for pressurization, solidification, stabilization, formation of a Wheatstone bridge, sealing protection and the like, the manufacturing process of the sensor is simplified, and the working condition places that the conventional sensor cannot be installed and cannot be stopped for a long time to carry out a patch test due to the fact that the strain gauge cannot be pressurized and solidified after being attached to the patch because the structural member is oversized and the operation space is limited are avoided.
The strain gauge 2 can manufacture a strain gauge wire grid structure meeting the requirements according to the strain distribution condition of the measuring component, and the measurement of unidirectional force (moment) or multidimensional force (moment) is realized. The metal sheet 1 can be conveniently fixed on the testing component by sticking an adhesive, a hot melt adhesive, metal spot welding and the like at normal temperature, and the quick fixation of the measuring sensor is realized. The foil 1 can be peeled off easily from the force measuring member so that the appearance of the force measuring member is not affected, and at the same time it is convenient to perform a quick test on the same test member 7.
The signal interface 4 of the sensor can be manufactured into a structural form matched with a test system, and comprises a fixed connector, a slip ring, a wireless transmitting interface and the like, so that the purpose of immediate use can be achieved after the sensor is installed on the site, the problems of complex site bridging and signal wiring are simplified, and the preparation time before measurement is saved.
The detachable strain sensor adopts the manufacturing process of the conventional sensor, the limitation of the field working condition of the test member is not excessively considered, the yield of sensor manufacturing is improved, the manufacturing cost of the sensor is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, a measuring means is provided for the test member which cannot be subjected to conventional patch testing.
According to the detachable strain sensor, the sensor is manufactured on one or more metal sheets 1 in advance according to the strain distribution condition of a test member, and a signal interface 4 matched with a test system is reserved; and then the metal sheet 1 is fixed in a strain area of the component to be tested, the signal interface 4 is connected with a field measurement system, the stress condition of the component can be rapidly tested when the component is tested, and the sensor can be rapidly disassembled after the test is finished. The method is convenient to operate, realizes the situation that the conventional sensor cannot be manufactured on a test component or the manufacturing period requirement is strict, and can effectively improve the manufacturing yield and the manufacturing cost of the sensor.
Examples
In order to solve the working condition site requirements that a sensor matched with a conventional strain sensor cannot be designed and a patch test cannot be carried out due to the fact that a structural member is too large in size and cannot be mounted and dismounted, and a long-time shutdown is not available in the conventional strain sensor measuring method, the invention provides a detachable strain sensor, and as shown in fig. 7, an integrated metal sheet sensor 6 can simultaneously measure the tension pressure and the torque of a rotating shaft part which cannot be detached. The strain gauge comprises a metal sheet 1, a strain gauge 2, a flexible circuit board 3, a signal interface 4 and protective glue 5. The metal sheet 1 is a beryllium bronze (QBe2) material with good mechanical properties, and the whole thickness is 0.05 mm. The strain gauge 2 is a combined type strain gauge structure (a strain gauge structure with mutually perpendicular wire grids and a wire grid double-inclined 45-degree strain gauge structure are combined), and can measure the positive strain and the shear strain of the surface of a component. The flexible circuit board 3 is used for forming a Wheatstone bridge by the tested strain gauges, is provided with an initial zero compensation position and collects signal lines to the test interface. The signal interface 4 is used for being connected with a test interface in an abutting mode, and a DB9 serial port connector is selected for being connected with a subsequent test system in the example. The protective adhesive 5 is used for protecting the strain gauge 2, the flexible circuit board 3, the compensation wires and the welding points.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the conventional patch, two sets of strain gauges for measurement need to be arranged at an angle of 180 ° with each other along the axial line, so in this example, according to the radius R of the rotating shaft, it can be calculated that the strain gauges are arranged at positions spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the metal sheet, and the same use effect can be achieved, and in order to ensure the symmetry of the layout, as shown in fig. 6, the strain gauges 2 are symmetrically designed on the side of the axial symmetry at the present time.
The installation process of the integrated metal sheet sensor 6 is as shown in fig. 8, the bonding surface of the metal sheet 1 and the testing member 7 of the integrated metal sheet sensor 6 is coated with a normal temperature curing adhesive, in order to ensure the bonding reliability, a tightening tie 8 is used to pass through a tightening pull ring on the metal sheet 1, then the tightening tie 8 is pricked, and the normal temperature curing time is about 30 min. After the solidification is finished, the tightening tie is cut off, and then the testing system can be connected to test the mechanical property of the testing component. And (5) after the test is finished, manually peeling the integrated metal sheet sensor.
The invention relates to a simple detachable strain sensor measuring method, which comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a strain gauge 2 meeting the requirement according to the strain form of a member to be measured, then pasting the strain gauge 2 on a metal sheet according to the process manufacturing method of a normal sensor, carrying out pressurization and solidification, carrying out bridge connection by using a flexible circuit board 3, coating a protective adhesive 5, and then gathering signal wires to a signal interface 4 according to the requirement of a test field. The integrated metal sheet sensor 6 can be fixed on the testing component 7 after being manufactured, and the signal interface 4 is connected with a subsequent testing system, so that the mechanical quantity of the testing component during working can be rapidly obtained.
The integrated metal sheet sensor 6 and the conventional surface mount method are used for testing rotating shafts with different diameters, and strain results are as follows:
the measurement error of the integrated metal sheet sensor 6 and a conventional patch mounting method on a rotating shaft with the same size is about 0.3-0.4%, and the integrated metal sheet sensor 6 manufactured by the method completely meets the use requirement of a measurement component.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A detachable strain sensor is characterized by comprising a metal sheet (1), a strain gauge (2), a flexible circuit board (3) and a signal interface (4);
the strain gauge (2) is fixed on the metal sheet (1), the strain gauge (2) is electrically connected with the flexible circuit board (3), and a signal interface (4) is arranged on the flexible circuit board (3); the metal sheet (1) is arranged on the testing component (7), the strain gauge (2) is correspondingly arranged on a to-be-tested part of the testing component (7) through the metal sheet (1), and the signal interface (4) is connected with a testing system.
2. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, wherein the foil (1) is rectangular, the rectangular foil (1) is wound around the test member (7), and the strain gauges (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the test member (7).
3. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 2, further comprising a tightening strap (8) and a pull ring (9), wherein the pull ring (9) is provided at both ends of the foil (1), and after the both ends are wrapped around the test member (7), the tightening strap (8) passes through the two pull rings (9) to tighten and fix the foil (1).
4. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauge (2) and the flexible circuit board (3) are coated with a protective glue (5).
5. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the foil (1) is of unitary or split construction.
6. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal foil (1) is fixed to the test member (7) by means of an adhesive, hot melt or metal spot welding.
7. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal interface (4) is a fixed connector, a slip ring or a wireless transmission interface.
8. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the foil (1) is 0.01mm to 0.1 mm.
9. A detachable strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the foil (1) is made of 2Cr13 stainless steel, beryllium bronze steel or 303 stainless steel.
10. A measuring method of a detachable strain gauge sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step 1, selecting a corresponding strain gauge (2) according to measurement requirements;
step 2, fixing the strain gauge (2) on the metal sheet (1), and pressurizing and curing;
step 3, bridge connection is carried out between the flexible circuit board (3) and the strain gauge (2);
step 4, connecting a signal interface (4) on the flexible circuit board (3) with a measuring system;
and 5, fixing the metal sheet (1) on the part to be measured of the test component (7) for measurement.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011272922.XA CN112444333A (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Detachable strain sensor and measuring method |
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| CN202011272922.XA CN112444333A (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Detachable strain sensor and measuring method |
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| CN112444333A true CN112444333A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115319411A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-11 | 纳特斯(苏州)科技有限公司 | Installation method of piezoelectric scanning platform strain gauge used in extreme environment |
| WO2022239433A1 (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Sensor unit |
| CN115901037A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-04-04 | 电子科技大学 | Film strain gauge for cutting force measurement and preparation method thereof |
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| CN204142401U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-04 | 中石化胜利建设工程有限公司 | A kind of bridge stress test strainometer |
| CN104359393A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-18 | 中航电测仪器股份有限公司 | Strain gauge and methods for manufacturing and mounting strain gauge |
| CN105203237A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-30 | 中航电测仪器股份有限公司 | Strainmeter applicable to rolling force sensor and manufacturing method of strainmeter |
| CN206300606U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Suitable for the integrating device of geotextiles strain measurement |
| CN108955969A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-07 | 纳恩博（北京）科技有限公司 | Resistance strain gage, inductive component, force snesor and slide plate |
| CN209043232U (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 广东微应变传感科技有限公司 | A kind of integrated foil resistance strain gauge for torque sensor |
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| WO2022239433A1 (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Sensor unit |
| CN115319411A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-11 | 纳特斯(苏州)科技有限公司 | Installation method of piezoelectric scanning platform strain gauge used in extreme environment |
| CN115901037A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-04-04 | 电子科技大学 | Film strain gauge for cutting force measurement and preparation method thereof |
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