CN112440155A - Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw - Google Patents

Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112440155A
CN112440155A CN202011515485.XA CN202011515485A CN112440155A CN 112440155 A CN112440155 A CN 112440155A CN 202011515485 A CN202011515485 A CN 202011515485A CN 112440155 A CN112440155 A CN 112440155A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lead screw
support
support plate
screw
supporting platform
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Pending
Application number
CN202011515485.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐彪
刘健
张剑斌
孔维柱
高超飞
季新艳
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LANGFANG JINGDIAO MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURING CO LTD
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LANGFANG JINGDIAO MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURING CO LTD
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Application filed by LANGFANG JINGDIAO MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURING CO LTD filed Critical LANGFANG JINGDIAO MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURING CO LTD
Priority to CN202011515485.XA priority Critical patent/CN112440155A/en
Publication of CN112440155A publication Critical patent/CN112440155A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/54—Arrangements or details not restricted to group B23Q5/02 or group B23Q5/22 respectively, e.g. control handles
    • B23Q5/56—Preventing backlash

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for pre-detecting a lead screw reverse clearance, which consists of a supporting platform, guide rails, a driving motor, a lead screw front support, a lead screw rear support, a tooling support plate, a grating ruler, a reading head support and a lead screw to be detected, wherein two groups of guide rails are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting platform in parallel; the tool support plate acts on the two groups of guide rails through the slide block; the lead screw to be tested is supported on the supporting platform through the lead screw front support and the lead screw rear support and is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and a nut of the lead screw to be tested is arranged on a nut seat of the tooling support plate; the grating ruler is arranged on the supporting platform and is parallel to the lead screw to be measured and the guide rail, and a reading head of the grating ruler is arranged on the tool supporting plate through a reading head support. The lead screw to be measured moves the same distance in the positive and negative directions, the grating ruler records the position coordinates of the running of the lead screw to be measured, and the difference value of the initial position and the final position is calculated, so that the reverse clearance value is measured. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, low environmental requirement, low detection cost and high detection efficiency.

Description

Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a device and a method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of a lead screw.
Background
The screw backlash is one of the factors that affect the machining accuracy, and when the numerically controlled machine tool is reversed in its direction of motion, it causes lost motion, i.e., the servo motor is idling without actually moving, due to the presence of the backlash. If the value of the reverse clearance is small, the influence on the machining precision is small; if the numerical value is larger, the stability of the system is obviously reduced, the machining precision is obviously reduced, and particularly, the consistency of the dimensional tolerance and the curve is influenced by curve machining, so that the reverse clearance of the screw rod needs to be measured.
At present, the measurement of the reverse clearance of the screw is carried out on a numerical control machine tool, namely, after the screw is assembled on the numerical control machine tool, the reverse clearance of the screw can be reflected only when the positioning precision, the repeated positioning precision and the reverse clearance of the whole machine of the numerical control machine tool are compensated by adopting a Reynleast laser interferometer. The detection method has the advantages that the assembly is carried out firstly and then the detection is carried out, the lead screw needs to be disassembled and replaced if the reverse clearance of the lead screw is detected to be not in accordance with the use requirement, and then the detection is carried out again until the detection is in accordance with the requirement, so that the assembly efficiency and the assembly precision of the machine tool are greatly influenced. And Renysha laser interferometer is not a device for detecting the reverse clearance of the lead screw in a targeted manner, has higher requirements on operators and test environment in the using process, has relatively lower test efficiency and higher cost, and is not beneficial to the rapid detection of the reverse clearance of the lead screw.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a lead screw reverse clearance pre-detection device and a lead screw reverse clearance pre-detection method which are simple in structure, easy to operate, low in environmental requirement, low in detection cost and high in detection efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a device for pre-detecting a lead screw reverse clearance comprises a supporting platform, guide rails, a driving motor, a lead screw front support, a lead screw rear support, a tool support plate, a grating ruler, a reading head support and a lead screw to be detected, wherein two groups of guide rails are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting platform in parallel; the tool support plate acts on the two groups of guide rails through the slide block and can move back and forth along the guide rails, and the middle part of the tool support plate is provided with a screw seat; the screw rod front support and the screw rod rear support are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the supporting platform, and the front end of the screw rod front support is provided with a driving motor; the lead screw to be tested is supported front and back through the lead screw front support and the lead screw rear support and is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and a nut of the lead screw to be tested is arranged on a nut seat of the tooling support plate; the grating ruler is arranged on the supporting platform and is parallel to the lead screw to be measured and the guide rail, and a reading head of the grating ruler is arranged on the tool supporting plate through a reading head support.
According to the device for pre-detecting the reverse clearance of the lead screw, the mounting position of the rear support of the lead screw on the supporting platform can be adjusted back and forth according to the length of the lead screw to be detected.
According to the device for pre-detecting the reverse clearance of the lead screw, the bearings are arranged in the front lead screw support and the rear lead screw support, and the lead screw to be detected is arranged on the bearings.
A method for detecting reverse clearance of a lead screw comprises the following steps:
A. setting N detection references Mi (i =1, 2, … …, N) in the full stroke range of the lead screw to be detected;
B. the lead screw to be tested rotates to enable the tool support plate to move to the detection reference MiAt least one of (1) and (b);
C. to detect the reference MiAs a starting point, the tool support plate is moved to the positive direction or the negative direction by a distance S, then the screw to be tested is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the tool support plate is moved to the reverse direction by the same distance S ´, namely S = S ´, and the actual stop position is defined as Mi´；
D. Detecting an actual stop position M using a grating scalei´ and detection reference MiPosition difference Δ M betweeniAs a reverse gap BR detected under the present detection referenceiI.e. BRi=△Mi；
E. Judging whether all detection references are detected completely, if so, executing the step G, and if not, executing the step F;
F. continuously driving the lead screw to be detected to rotate, enabling the tool support plate to move to the next detection reference, and returning to the step C;
G. detecting N reverse gaps BRiThe maximum value of (i =1, 2, … …, N) is used as the back clearance of the screw to be tested.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the detection of the reverse clearance of the screw by utilizing the position detection function of the grating ruler, can carry out early stage management and control and prejudgment on the screw, avoids repeated disassembly and assembly caused by the fact that the reverse clearance does not meet the use requirement, and can effectively improve the assembly efficiency of the machine tool. The invention has simple structure, low cost, strong pertinence, convenient operation and low requirements on the technical level and the use environment of operators.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for pre-detecting the lead screw reverse gap of the invention comprises a supporting platform 1, a guide rail 2, a driving motor 3, a lead screw front support 4, a lead screw rear support 5, a tooling support plate 6, a grating ruler 7, a reading head support 8 and a lead screw 9 to be detected.
Two sets of guide rails 2 are parallelly installed at the left end and the right end of the supporting platform 1, a front screw support 4 and a rear screw support 5 are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the supporting platform 1, and bearings are respectively arranged in the front screw support 4 and the rear screw support 5. The lead screw 9 to be tested is arranged between the two groups of guide rails 2 in parallel, and the front end and the rear end of the lead screw are respectively installed with the two groups of bearings in a matching mode. The lead screw 9 to be tested can rotate under the action of the driving motor 3, and the driving motor 3 is installed on the supporting platform 1 and is positioned at the front end of the lead screw front support 4. The tooling support plate 6 is erected on the two groups of guide rails 2 through the slide block 10 and can move back and forth along the guide rails 2, the nut seat 61 is arranged in the middle of the tooling support plate 6, and a nut of the lead screw 9 to be tested is arranged on the nut seat 61. The grating ruler 7 is installed on the supporting platform 1 and is parallel to the lead screw 9 to be measured and the guide rail 2, and a reading head of the grating ruler 7 is installed on the tooling support plate 6 through a reading head support 8.
In order to realize the detection of the lead screws with different specifications, the mounting position of the lead screw rear support 5 on the supporting platform 1 can be adjusted back and forth according to the length of the lead screw 9 to be detected.
Before the detection is started, the position of the screw rear support 5 is adjusted according to the length of the screw 9 to be detected, then the screw 9 to be detected is inserted into bearing holes of the screw front support 4 and the screw rear support 5, and the detection can be started after the adjustment of the equal height and the parallel. The driving motor 3 drives the lead screw 9 to be tested to rotate, and further drives the tool support plate 6 to move along the guide rail 2, and the grating ruler 7 can record the position coordinate of the running lead screw 9 to be tested.
FIG. 2 shows a specific detection method of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
step 100, setting N detection references Mi (i =1, 2, … …, N) in the full stroke range of the lead screw 9 to be detected;
step 200, driving a lead screw 9 to be detected to rotate by a driving motor 3, so that a tool support plate 6 moves to a detection reference MiAt least one of (1) and (b);
step 300, as shown in FIG. 3, to detect the reference MiAs a starting point, the tooling support plate 6 is moved to the positive direction or the negative direction by a distance S, then the lead screw 9 to be tested is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, the tooling support plate 6 is moved to the opposite direction by the same distance S ´, namely S = S ´, and the actual stop position is defined as Mi´；
Step 400, using the grating ruler 7 to detect the actual stop position Mi´ and detection reference MiPosition difference Δ M betweeniAs a reverse gap BR detected under the present detection referenceiI.e. BRi=△Mi；
Step 500, judging whether all detection references are detected completely, if so, executing step 700, and if not, executing step 600;
step 600, continuously driving the screw rod 9 to be detected to rotate, enabling the tool support plate 6 to move to the next detection reference, and returning to the step 300;
step 700, detecting N reverse gaps BRi(i =1, 2, … …, N)The maximum value is used as the reverse clearance of the lead screw to be measured.
According to the invention, according to the final detection result, the screw can be managed and controlled in the early stage and judged in advance, and the screw can be assembled into the numerical control machine tool after the screw is determined to meet the use requirement, so that repeated disassembly and assembly caused by unqualified reverse clearance of the screw are avoided, and the assembly efficiency of the machine tool can be effectively improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail hereinabove, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications in accordance with the principle of the present invention. Thus, modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The device for pre-detecting the lead screw reverse clearance is characterized by comprising a supporting platform, guide rails, a driving motor, a lead screw front support, a lead screw rear support, a tooling support plate, a grating ruler, a reading head support and a lead screw to be detected, wherein the two groups of guide rails are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting platform in parallel; the tool support plate acts on the two groups of guide rails through the slide block and can move back and forth along the guide rails, and the middle part of the tool support plate is provided with a screw seat; the screw rod front support and the screw rod rear support are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the supporting platform, and the front end of the screw rod front support is provided with a driving motor; the lead screw to be tested is supported front and back through the lead screw front support and the lead screw rear support and is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and a nut of the lead screw to be tested is arranged on a nut seat of the tooling support plate; the grating ruler is arranged on the supporting platform and is parallel to the lead screw to be measured and the guide rail, and a reading head of the grating ruler is arranged on the tool supporting plate through a reading head support.
2. The device for pre-detecting the reverse gap of the lead screw according to claim 1, wherein the mounting position of the rear support of the lead screw on the supporting platform can be adjusted back and forth according to the length of the lead screw to be detected.
3. The device for pre-detecting the reverse gap of the lead screw according to claim 1 or 2, wherein bearings are arranged in the front lead screw support and the rear lead screw support, and the lead screw to be detected is arranged on the bearings.
4. A method for detecting reverse clearance of a lead screw is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. setting N detection references Mi (i =1, 2, … …, N) in the full stroke range of the lead screw to be detected;
B. the lead screw to be tested rotates to enable the tool support plate to move to the detection reference MiAt least one of (1) and (b);
C. to detect the reference MiAs a starting point, the tool support plate is moved to the positive direction or the negative direction by a distance S, then the screw to be tested is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the tool support plate is moved to the reverse direction by the same distance S ´, namely S = S ´, and the actual stop position is defined as Mi´；
D. Detecting an actual stop position M using a grating scalei´ and detection reference MiPosition difference Δ M betweeniAs a reverse gap BR detected under the present detection referenceiI.e. BRi=△Mi；
E. Judging whether all detection references are detected completely, if so, executing the step G, and if not, executing the step F;
F. continuously driving the lead screw to be detected to rotate, enabling the tool support plate to move to the next detection reference, and returning to the step C;
G. detecting N reverse gaps BRiThe maximum value of (i =1, 2, … …, N) is used as the back clearance of the screw to be tested.
CN202011515485.XA 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw Pending CN112440155A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011515485.XA CN112440155A (en) 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011515485.XA CN112440155A (en) 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 Device and method for pre-detecting reverse clearance of lead screw

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116372534A (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-07-04 廊坊精雕数控机床制造有限公司 Ball screw assembly method based on machine tool

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040258293A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-12-23 Rouse William T. Automated optical inspection of wire-wrapped well screens
CN103170845A (en) * 2013-03-01 2013-06-26 广东工业大学 Coaxial macro-micro composite linear motion platform device and accuracy compensation method thereof
CN104266837B (en) * 2014-10-08 2017-02-15 上海理工大学 Ball screw performance testing testbed based on motor servo loading
CN106979756A (en) * 2017-04-24 2017-07-25 华南理工大学 A kind of ball-screw gap and the measurement apparatus and method of rigidity
CN110470467A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-11-19 哈工大机器人（山东）智能装备研究院 The planetary roller screw accuracy testing device and method of sizes model can be tested
CN214080521U (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-08-31 廊坊精雕数控机床制造有限公司 Pre-detection device for reverse clearance of lead screw

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040258293A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-12-23 Rouse William T. Automated optical inspection of wire-wrapped well screens
CN103170845A (en) * 2013-03-01 2013-06-26 广东工业大学 Coaxial macro-micro composite linear motion platform device and accuracy compensation method thereof
CN104266837B (en) * 2014-10-08 2017-02-15 上海理工大学 Ball screw performance testing testbed based on motor servo loading
CN106979756A (en) * 2017-04-24 2017-07-25 华南理工大学 A kind of ball-screw gap and the measurement apparatus and method of rigidity
CN110470467A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-11-19 哈工大机器人（山东）智能装备研究院 The planetary roller screw accuracy testing device and method of sizes model can be tested
CN214080521U (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-08-31 廊坊精雕数控机床制造有限公司 Pre-detection device for reverse clearance of lead screw

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116372534A (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-07-04 廊坊精雕数控机床制造有限公司 Ball screw assembly method based on machine tool
CN116372534B (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-08-01 廊坊精雕数控机床制造有限公司 Ball screw assembly method based on machine tool

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