CN112439901A - 3d printing method for manufacturing metal piece or ceramic piece by resin - Google Patents
3d printing method for manufacturing metal piece or ceramic piece by resin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112439901A CN112439901A CN201910754046.5A CN201910754046A CN112439901A CN 112439901 A CN112439901 A CN 112439901A CN 201910754046 A CN201910754046 A CN 201910754046A CN 112439901 A CN112439901 A CN 112439901A
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- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- particles
- metal
- printing method
- resin
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3d printing method for manufacturing metal parts or ceramic parts by resin, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing photosensitive resin; s2, pretreating or not pretreating the nano metal particles; the nano ceramic particles must be pretreated; s3, preparing slurry; s4, printing with FDM; s5, cleaning the printed matter; s6, removing the support, and removing the redundant support on the printed matter; s7, degreasing; s8, sintering; some metals need to be carried out in a specific atmosphere or vacuum; as the FDM method requires high-viscosity resin, the sedimentation problem of particles is not required to be considered, so that compared with the prior art, the FDM method can be used for preparing the resin material with the volume parts of metal particles or ceramic particles being 60-95%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3d printing method for manufacturing metal parts or ceramic parts by using resin.
Background
Metallic materials are the basic materials for the mechanical industry. At present, the metal processing method is mainly under the traditional material reduction manufacturing methods of stamping, sheet metal, cutting, casting and the like. The 3D metal printing is mainly based on Selective Laser Melting (SLM), laser near net shaping (LENS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) technologies, and the like, so that the equipment and the materials are extremely expensive, the process is complex, the use cost is high, the application is limited in high-profit industries such as aerospace, advanced molds, dentistry, jewelry and the like, and the application is hardly accepted by common industrial enterprises.
The method for 3D printing metal also has the following defects:
1. easy buckling deformation;
2. the surface is rough;
3. many materials require inert gas protection, otherwise they are prone to explosion;
4. the print quality is greatly affected by the experience of the engineer.
Ceramic materials are increasingly used in the fields of machinery, electronics, medicine and the like. At present, the ceramic processing method mainly comprises injection, sintering, grinding and the like. The 3D printing of ceramics comprises Selective Laser Melting (SLM), light-cured ceramic resin re-sintering and the like, and has the disadvantages of expensive equipment and materials, complex process, high use cost, great limitation on application and even high profit which is not acceptable in the dental industry.
At present, some companies print plastic wires containing metal particles by adopting an FDM technology, the material cost is lower than that of the above methods, but the technical requirements of printing equipment and post-processing equipment are much higher than that of common FDM printing equipment, the printing equipment and the post-processing equipment are also much more expensive (about 200 ten thousand RMB coins in each set), and the metal content of the material is lower and is generally 50% -80%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3d printing method for manufacturing metal or ceramic parts by using resin, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a3 d printing method for manufacturing metal or ceramic parts by resin comprises the following steps:
s1, photosensitive resin preparation process: uniformly dispersing and mixing the monofunctional monomer, the bifunctional monomer, the trifunctional monomer, the initiator and the dispersant;
s2, the nano-metal particles may or may not be pretreated, and the pretreatment method includes but is not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano metal particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified metal particles; the nano-ceramic particles must be pre-treated by methods including, but not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano ceramic particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified ceramic particles;
s3, slurry preparation: performing ball milling and mixing on the photosensitive resin and the surface modified metal particles or the surface modified ceramic particles to obtain slurry;
s4, printing with FDM, curing with ultraviolet once every printing layer to make the printed matter reach certain strength;
s5, cleaning the printed matter;
s6, removing the support, and removing the redundant support on the printed matter;
s7, degreasing: heating the printed matter to a certain temperature to remove unnecessary organic substances;
s8, sintering: heating the printed matter to make its temperature approach to the melting point of the metal or ceramic contained in it, then cooling to room temperature with a certain method and speed; sintering to make the powder particles bonded, increasing the strength of the sintered body, and changing the aggregates of the powder particles into aggregates of crystal grains, thereby obtaining the product or material with required physical and mechanical properties; some metals need to be carried out in a specific atmosphere or vacuum.
Preferably, the metal particles or the ceramic particles have a particle size of 20 to 100 μm in the step S2.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the raw materials in the step S1 is as follows:
monofunctional monomer: 1 to 30
Bifunctional monomer: 2 to 50
Trifunctional monomer: 1 to 50
Wax: 2 to 20
Initiator: 0.1 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1
Metal particles/ceramic particles: 40 to 95.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the raw materials in the step S2 is as follows:
nano metal particles/nano ceramic particles: 30 to 95
Anhydrous ethanol: 40 to 80 parts by weight
Photoinitiator (2): 0.05 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1.
Preferably, the monofunctional monomers used in step S1 include, but are not limited to: one of isodecyl acrylate (IDA), Lauryl Acrylate (LA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOA), and acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), including but not limited to: at least one of dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), and dihexylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA), the tri-functional monomers including, but not limited to: one of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (2381).
Preferably, the radical type initiator in the S1 step includes, but is not limited to: one of acetophenone derivatives, acylphosphine oxides and anthraquinone derivatives.
Preferably, the dispersants in steps S1 and S2 include, but are not limited to: at least one of BYK-163, BYK-111, BYK-2008 and trimethylchlorosilane.
Preferably, the steps S7 and S8 can be completed in one step.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
because the resin material containing the metal particles or the ceramic particles used in the invention has very high viscosity, the content of the metal or the ceramic can be improved, the resin material with the volume part of the metal or the ceramic being 60-95% can be prepared, and the paste metal or ceramic particle resin is extruded and printed without considering the sedimentation of the particles; meanwhile, the difference between the printer and the common FDM printing equipment is not great, a high-temperature spray head is not needed, a high-temperature printing cabin is not needed, the equipment cost is greatly reduced, the pasty metal or ceramic particle resin cannot be solidified when meeting ultraviolet light or high heat, the spray head cannot be blocked, the extrusion molding is easy, and the printing success rate is high; the high content of metal or ceramic means that the sintering shrinkage rate after printing is small, the density of the product is high, the mechanical property is good, and the dimensional accuracy is good.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a3 d printing method for manufacturing metal or ceramic parts by resin comprises the following steps:
s1, photosensitive resin preparation process: uniformly dispersing and mixing the monofunctional monomer, the bifunctional monomer, the trifunctional monomer, the initiator and the dispersant;
s2, the nano-metal particles may or may not be pretreated, and the pretreatment method includes but is not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano metal particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified metal particles; the nano-ceramic particles must be pre-treated by methods including, but not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano ceramic particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified ceramic particles;
s3, slurry preparation: performing ball milling and mixing on the photosensitive resin and the surface modified metal particles or the surface modified ceramic particles to obtain slurry;
s4, printing with FDM, curing with ultraviolet once every printing layer to make the printed matter reach certain strength;
s5, cleaning the printed matter;
s6, removing the support, and removing the redundant support on the printed matter;
s7, degreasing: heating the printed matter to a certain temperature to remove unnecessary organic substances;
s8, sintering: heating the printed matter to make its temperature approach to the melting point of the metal or ceramic contained in it, then cooling to room temperature with a certain method and speed; sintering to make the powder particles bonded, increasing the strength of the sintered body, and changing the aggregates of the powder particles into aggregates of crystal grains, thereby obtaining the product or material with required physical and mechanical properties; some metals need to be carried out in a specific atmosphere or vacuum.
Specifically, the particle size of the metal particles in the step S2 is 20-100 μm.
Specifically, in the step S1, the raw materials are prepared by the following weight ratio:
monofunctional monomer: 1 to 30
Bifunctional monomer: 2 to 50
Trifunctional monomer: 1 to 50
Wax: 2 to 20
Initiator: 0.1 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1
Metal particles/ceramic particles: 40 to 95.
Specifically, in the step S2, the raw materials are prepared by the following weight ratio:
nano metal particles/ceramic particles: 30 to 95
Anhydrous ethanol: 40 to 80 parts by weight
Photoinitiator (2): 0.05 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1.
Specifically, the monofunctional monomer in step S1 includes, but is not limited to: one of isodecyl acrylate (IDA), Lauryl Acrylate (LA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOA), and acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), including but not limited to: at least one of dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), and dihexylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA), the tri-functional monomers including, but not limited to: one of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (2381).
Specifically, the radical type initiator in the S1 step includes, but is not limited to: one of acetophenone derivatives, acylphosphine oxides and anthraquinone derivatives.
Specifically, the dispersants in steps S1 and S2 include, but are not limited to: at least one of BYK-163, BYK-111, BYK-2008 and trimethylchlorosilane.
Specifically, the steps S7 and S8 may be completed in one step.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A3 d printing method for manufacturing metal parts or ceramic parts by resin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, photosensitive resin preparation process: uniformly dispersing and mixing the monofunctional monomer, the bifunctional monomer, the trifunctional monomer, the initiator and the dispersant;
s2, the nano-metal particles may or may not be pretreated, and the pretreatment method includes but is not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano metal particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified metal particles; the nano-ceramic particles must be pre-treated by methods including, but not limited to: ball-milling and mixing the nano ceramic particles, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dispersing agent, and drying to obtain surface modified ceramic particles; (ii) a
S3, slurry preparation: performing ball milling and mixing on the photosensitive resin and the surface modified metal particles or the surface modified ceramic particles to obtain slurry;
s4, printing with FDM, curing with ultraviolet once every printing layer to make the printed matter reach certain strength;
s5, cleaning the printed matter;
s6, removing the support, and removing the redundant support on the printed matter;
s7, degreasing: heating the printed matter to a certain temperature to remove unnecessary organic substances;
s8, sintering: heating the printed matter to make its temperature approach to the melting point of the metal or ceramic contained in it, then cooling to room temperature with a certain method and speed; sintering to make the powder particles bonded, increasing the strength of the sintered body, and changing the aggregates of the powder particles into aggregates of crystal grains, thereby obtaining the product or material with required physical and mechanical properties; some metals need to be carried out in a specific atmosphere or vacuum.
2. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the particle size of the metal particles or the ceramic particles is 20-100 μm.
3. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the raw materials are prepared by the following weight ratio:
monofunctional monomer: 1 to 30
Bifunctional monomer: 2 to 50
Trifunctional monomer: 1 to 50
Wax: 2 to 20
Initiator: 0.1 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1
Metal particles/ceramic particles: 40 to 95.
4. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the raw materials are prepared by the following weight ratio:
nano metal particles/nano ceramic particles: 30 to 95
Anhydrous ethanol: 40 to 80 parts by weight
Photoinitiator (2): 0.05 to 5
Dispersing agent: 0.05-1.
5. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the monofunctional monomers in step S1 include, but are not limited to: one of isodecyl acrylate (IDA), Lauryl Acrylate (LA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOA), and acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), including but not limited to: at least one of dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), and dihexylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA), the tri-functional monomers including, but not limited to: one of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (2381).
6. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radical type initiator in the S1 step includes but is not limited to: one of acetophenone derivatives, acylphosphine oxides and anthraquinone derivatives.
7. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersants in steps S1 and S2 include, but are not limited to: at least one of BYK-163, BYK-111, BYK-2008 and trimethylchlorosilane.
8. 3d printing method for resin made metal or ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steps S7 and S8 may also be completed in one step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910754046.5A CN112439901A (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2019-08-15 | 3d printing method for manufacturing metal piece or ceramic piece by resin |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910754046.5A CN112439901A (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2019-08-15 | 3d printing method for manufacturing metal piece or ceramic piece by resin |
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| CN112439901A true CN112439901A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
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| CN201910754046.5A Pending CN112439901A (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2019-08-15 | 3d printing method for manufacturing metal piece or ceramic piece by resin |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114734054A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Embedded substrate and 3D printing method based on substrate |
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| US20190001410A1 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2019-01-03 | Print-Rite • Unicorn Image Products Co., Ltd. of Zhuhai | Metal Three-Dimensional Printer And Printing Method Thereof, And Three-Dimensional Printing Material |
| CN110078513A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-02 | 上海应用技术大学 | Squeeze out the method that 3D printing prepares silicon carbide complex devices |
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2019
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Patent Citations (7)
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| CN105645840A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Ceramic material for 3D printing and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20190001410A1 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2019-01-03 | Print-Rite • Unicorn Image Products Co., Ltd. of Zhuhai | Metal Three-Dimensional Printer And Printing Method Thereof, And Three-Dimensional Printing Material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114734054A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Embedded substrate and 3D printing method based on substrate |
| CN114734054B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-09-12 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Embedded substrate and 3D printing method based on substrate |
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Application publication date: 20210305 |