CN112438299A - Preparation method of colored casing collagen - Google Patents
Preparation method of colored casing collagen Download PDFInfo
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- CN112438299A CN112438299A CN202011336007.2A CN202011336007A CN112438299A CN 112438299 A CN112438299 A CN 112438299A CN 202011336007 A CN202011336007 A CN 202011336007A CN 112438299 A CN112438299 A CN 112438299A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C13/00—Sausage casings
- A22C13/0013—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings
- A22C13/0016—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings based on proteins, e.g. collagen
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of colored casing collagen, belonging to the technical field of casing collagen preparation. The invention comprises the following steps: (1) washing the pickled cowhide with ash, adding process water H2O2Soaking and bleaching; (2) after rinsing, adding process water and hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting the pH value of the cow leather, and then adding Na2S2O5(ii) a Rinsing; (3) adding process water, adjusting the pH value of the solution, soaking and stirring; cleaning to stabilize the pH value of the solution and aging; (4) cutting cowhide into particles, chopping, removing fiber, and aging; (5) compounding food-grade pigments; (6) adding food additive, mixed liquid of compound food-grade pigment, water, hydrochloric acid and lactic acid, kneading to obtain collagen cluster, carding, and filtering; (7) and (5) aging. The method is scientific and reasonable, the operation is simple and convenient, the prepared collagen is fine and uniform, the damage and the abrasion to equipment are small, the sausage casing blown by the collagen is good in flexibility, the subsequent processing is convenient, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of colored casing collagen, belonging to the technical field of casing collagen preparation.
Background
The collagen preparation process generally comprises the following steps: rinsing, acidifying and rinsing two or three layers of cowhide which is coated with lime and caustic soda according to a certain proportion and is pickled to form transparent swelling blocky leather, granulating, chopping and stirring, defibering to form flaky collagen fibers with a certain thickness, kneading and shearing into conglobation collagen fiber clusters through a kneading machine, and finally filtering and carding through a filter disc of a filter press to form circular strip-shaped fiber bundles, so that the preparation process of the casing collagen is finished.
Specifically, during preparation: the first is that the cowhide is treated by the processing procedures of ash washing, pre-acidification, acidification and cleaning in a rotary drum; secondly, the cleaned leather is cut into particles by a granulator, then is cut and mixed into particles with finer particle size by a cutting and mixing machine, and finally is rolled into collagen fiber sheets with certain thickness by a defibrator; the third processing process is that the quantitative fiber pieces, food additives such as microcrystalline cellulose and the like and purified water in a certain proportion are sheared, mixed and kneaded into compact and elastic collagen fiber clusters in a mixing and kneading machine; and finally, filtering the sausage by two stages of filter discs of a filter press, carding the sausage into a circular strip collagen fiber bundle, and blowing and drying the sausage casing to obtain the sausage casing meeting the filling caliber of a customer conveniently in a subsequent coating pulling process.
The color of the sausage casing produced by the prior art is beige or yellowish brown, and can not meet the requirements of partial consumers, particularly the requirements of a certain number of foreign consumer groups, such as national food custom in northern Europe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of colored casing collagen, which is scientific and reasonable, is simple and convenient to operate, and the prepared collagen is fine and uniform, has small damage and abrasion to equipment, and the casing blown by the collagen has good flexibility, is convenient for subsequent processing, and reduces the production cost.
The preparation method of the colored casing collagen comprises the following steps:
(1) washing the pickled cowhide with water twice, adding process water twice the weight of the cowhide, and adding 2-4% of H2O2Soaking for 18-24 hours for bleaching; during the period, the drum is rotated for 15 minutes every 2 hours, so that the cowhide is soaked completely.
(2) Rinsing bleached cowhide with process water for 2 times, adding process water twice the weight of cowhide and 2-4% hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting pH to 3.8-4.2, and adding H2O21/4-1/2 mass% of Na2S2O5Reduction of residual H in cow hide2O2(ii) a The drum was started, turned for 15 minutes per hour and finally rinsed twice with process water.
(3) Adding process water with the mass of one time of that of the cow leather, adding a proper amount of citric acid and sodium citrate to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 2.5-2.8, soaking the cow leather for 18-24 hours, starting a rotary drum, and rotating for 15 minutes every hour until the cow leather is bright. Washing with process water for 4-5 times to stabilize pH at 2.8-3.0, aging in cold store for 6-7 days, and maintaining at 4-5 deg.C.
(4) Cutting cowhide into granules, chopping, removing fiber to obtain 0.6-0.8mm sheet collagen membrane, aging in cold storage for 2-3 days, and maintaining at 4-5 deg.C.
(5) Compounding food-grade pigments: taking a required food-grade powdery pigment (or a mixture of several pigments according to a certain proportion) with the collagen content of 0.5-0.9%, adding 50-100ppm of aluminum salt, weighing CMC with the collagen content of 0.5-0.9%, fully mixing the three materials, homogenizing and grinding into a very fine powdery mixture, finally adding the mixed powder into vegetable oil (such as sunflower seed oil) with the collagen content of 1-3% and purified water with the collagen content of 5-10%, uniformly dispersing for 2-2.5 hours, and forming an oil-in-water mixed solution with uniform color after homogenization;
(6) adding collagen pulp into a mixing and kneading machine, adding a certain amount of food additives such as microcrystalline cellulose and the like, a mixed solution of compounded food-grade pigments, water and a certain amount of hydrochloric acid, mixing and kneading lactic acid for 4 hours, preparing a uniform and fine collagen cluster with the water content of 89.5-90.0% through the mixing, kneading and shearing actions of the mixing and kneading machine, and finally combing and filtering the collagen cluster into a circular strip-shaped collagen fiber bundle through a filter. The collagen is mixed and kneaded twice, filtered twice, and the mixing and kneading time is 4 hours.
(7) And (3) aging the collagen in a refrigeration house for 48-72 hours to obtain the colored casing collagen.
The obtained colored casing collagen is blown and dried to form the casing with the caliber meeting the filling requirement of a client in the process of drawing the casing.
The invention adds H2O2In addition to bleaching the hides to make them uniform in color, the primary purpose is to pass H2O2The collagen fiber bundles are opened and dispersed more thoroughly under the action of stronger oxidation, and the mechanical property of a collagen fiber network formed by the action of a cross-linking agent in the post-process of coating and drying can better meet or approach the application property of a natural casing.
Due to H2O2Has strong oxidation effect, and if the collagen exists in the collagen, the collagen has certain corrosion effect on equipment, particularly feeding, extruding and blowing equipment in a clothes drawing process, and the service life of the equipment is greatly shortened. In order to remove excess H in the cladding2O2Residual, Na used in the process2S2O5As reducing agent for removing residual H in leather2O2. The purpose is to: firstly, the color of the bleached leather is not greatly influenced; and secondly, the discharged wastewater does not have great interference and influence on the wastewater treatment process.
The purpose of aging collagen for 48-72 hours is to enable various food additives added in the collagen preparation process to fully react with collagen, so that the cooperativity of each component or each phase in the collagen fiber mass is optimal, and therefore, the sausage casing with stable quality and optimal performance index can be obtained in the coating pulling process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the collagen clusters obtained by the invention are fine and uniform, and can be easily woven into casings with stable calibers and small amplitude variation on a machine head, thereby being more beneficial to shrinkage;
(2) the obtained collagen clusters are fine and uniform, have high water content, and have small damage and abrasion to equipment, particularly do not generate high filtering pressure on a filtering machine, and have small damage to an oil pressure system of the filtering machine;
(3) the collagen prepared by the invention is more beneficial to the weaving and crosslinking of the sausage casing, and is more beneficial to the filling, cooking and other applications of the sausage casing;
(4) the invention is through H2O2The functions of (1) removing the variegated color in the leather, and (II) opening the collagen fiber bundle more easily, coloring the dye more easily, and making the coloring more stableIs not easy to decolorize;
(5) the compound pigment dye added in the invention has certain oiliness, so that the sausage casing has bright and beautiful color, and can stimulate the appetite of consumers after filling the meat stuffing; and secondly, the sausage casing is better combined and adhered with the meat stuffing, and the sausage casing is not easy to shrink or peel during cooking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a colored casing collagen prepared by the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the practice of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of colored casing collagen comprises the following steps:
(1) washing the pickled cowhide with water twice, adding process water twice the weight of the cowhide, and adding 2% of H2O2Soaking for 18 hours for bleaching; during the period, the drum is rotated for 15 minutes every 2 hours, so that the cowhide is soaked completely.
(2) Rinsing bleached cowhide with process water for 2 times, adding process water twice the weight of cowhide and 2% hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting pH to 3.8, and adding H2O2Mass 1/4 Na2S2O5Reduction of residual H in cow hide2O2(ii) a The drum was started, turned for 15 minutes per hour and finally rinsed twice with process water.
(3) Adding process water with the mass of one time of that of the cow leather, adding a proper amount of citric acid and sodium citrate to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 2.5, soaking the cow leather for 18 hours, starting a rotary drum, and rotating for 15 minutes every hour until the cow leather is bright. Washing with process water for 4 times to stabilize pH at 2.8, aging in cold store for 6 days, and maintaining at 4 deg.C.
(4) Cutting cowhide into granules, chopping, removing fiber to obtain 0.6mm sheet collagen membrane, aging in cold storage for 2 days, and keeping the temperature at 4 deg.C.
(5) Compounding food-grade pigments: taking a required food-grade powdery pigment with 0.5% of collagen, adding 50ppm of aluminum salt, then weighing CMC with 0.5% of collagen, fully mixing the three materials, homogenizing and grinding the mixture into a very fine powdery mixture, finally adding the mixed powder into vegetable oil with 1% of collagen and 5% of purified water, uniformly dispersing for 2 hours, and forming an oil-in-water mixed solution with uniform color after homogenizing;
(6) adding collagen slurry into a mixing and kneading machine, adding food additives such as microcrystalline cellulose and the like, a compound food grade pigment mixed solution, water and hydrochloric acid, mixing and kneading lactic acid for 4 hours, preparing uniform and fine collagen clusters with the water content of 89.5% by the mixing, kneading and shearing actions of the mixing and kneading machine, and finally carding and filtering the collagen clusters by a filter machine to form circular strip-shaped collagen fiber bundles. The collagen is mixed and kneaded twice, filtered twice, and the mixing and kneading time is 4 hours.
(7) And (3) aging the collagen in a cold storage for 59 hours to obtain the colored casing collagen.
Example 2
A preparation method of colored casing collagen comprises the following steps:
(1) washing the pickled cowhide with water twice, adding process water twice the weight of the cowhide, and adding 4% of H2O2Soaking for 24 hours for bleaching; during the period, the drum is rotated for 15 minutes every 2 hours, so that the cowhide is soaked completely.
(2) Rinsing bleached cowhide with process water for 2 times, adding process water twice the weight of cowhide and 4% hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting pH to 4.2, and adding H2O2Mass 1/2 Na2S2O5Reduction of residual H in cow hide2O2(ii) a The drum was started, turned for 15 minutes per hour and finally rinsed twice with process water.
(3) Adding process water with the mass of one time of that of the cow leather, adding a proper amount of citric acid and sodium citrate to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 2.8, soaking the cow leather for 24 hours, starting a rotary drum, and rotating for 15 minutes every hour until the cow leather is bright. Washing with process water for 5 times to stabilize pH at 3.0, aging in cold store for 7 days, and maintaining at 5 deg.C.
(4) Cutting cowhide into granules, chopping, removing fiber to obtain 0.8mm sheet collagen membrane, aging in cold storage for 3 days, and maintaining at 5 deg.C.
(5) Compounding food-grade pigments: taking a required food-grade powdery pigment with 0.9% of collagen, adding 100ppm of aluminum salt, then weighing CMC with 0.9% of collagen, fully mixing the three materials, homogenizing and grinding the mixture into a very fine powdery mixture, finally adding the mixed powder into vegetable oil with 3% of collagen and 10% of purified water, uniformly dispersing the mixture for 2.5 hours, and forming an oil-in-water mixed solution with uniform color after homogenizing;
(6) adding collagen slurry into a mixing and kneading machine, adding food additives such as microcrystalline cellulose and the like, a compound food grade pigment mixed solution, water and hydrochloric acid, mixing and kneading lactic acid for 4 hours, preparing uniform and fine collagen clusters with the water content of 89.5% by the mixing, kneading and shearing actions of the mixing and kneading machine, and finally carding and filtering the collagen clusters by a filter machine to form circular strip-shaped collagen fiber bundles. The collagen is mixed and kneaded twice, filtered twice, and the mixing and kneading time is 4 hours.
(7) And (3) aging the collagen in a refrigeration house for 62 hours to obtain the colored casing collagen.
Example 3
A preparation method of colored casing collagen comprises the following steps:
(1) washing the pickled cowhide with water twice, adding process water twice the weight of the cowhide, and adding 3% of H2O2Soaking for 22 hours for bleaching; during the period, the drum is rotated for 15 minutes every 2 hours, so that the cowhide is soaked completely.
(2) Rinsing bleached cowhide with process water for 2 times, adding process water twice the weight of cowhide and 3% hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting pH to 4.0, and adding H2O2Mass 1/3 Na2S2O5Reduction of residual H in cow hide2O2(ii) a The drum was started, turned for 15 minutes per hour and finally rinsed twice with process water.
(3) Adding process water with the mass of one time of that of the cow leather, adding a proper amount of citric acid and sodium citrate to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 2.6, soaking the cow leather for 20 hours, starting a rotary drum, and rotating for 15 minutes every hour until the cow leather is bright. Washing with process water for 4 times to stabilize pH at 2.9, aging in cold store for 7 days, and maintaining at 4 deg.C.
(4) Cutting cowhide into granules, chopping, removing fiber to obtain 0.7mm sheet collagen membrane, aging in cold storage for 2 days, and maintaining at 5 deg.C.
(5) Compounding food-grade pigments: taking a required food-grade powdery pigment with 0.7% of collagen, adding 85ppm of aluminum salt, then weighing CMC with 0.6% of collagen, fully mixing the three materials, homogenizing and grinding the mixture into a very fine powdery mixture, finally adding the mixed powder into vegetable oil with 2% of collagen and 6% of purified water, uniformly dispersing for 2 hours, and forming an oil-in-water mixed solution with uniform color after homogenizing;
(6) adding collagen slurry into a mixing and kneading machine, adding food additives such as microcrystalline cellulose and the like, a compound food grade pigment mixed solution, water and hydrochloric acid, mixing and kneading lactic acid for 4 hours, preparing uniform and fine collagen clusters with the water content of 89.8% through the mixing, kneading and shearing actions of the mixing and kneading machine, and finally carding and filtering the collagen clusters through a filter machine to form circular strip-shaped collagen fiber bundles. The collagen is mixed and kneaded twice, filtered twice, and the mixing and kneading time is 4 hours.
(7) And (3) placing the collagen in a cold storage for 72 hours for aging to obtain the colored casing collagen.
The casings obtained by blowing the collagen obtained by the invention under the same caliber (phi 17) are compared with the casings obtained by the traditional process in terms of various process indexes, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the attached figure 1, the collagen prepared by the process has uniform color (the submitted file shows black and white and is actually orange red due to the format requirement), certain oiliness, stable color and luster, and difficult oxidation and decoloration.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of colored casing collagen is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) washing cured cowhide with water, adding process water, and adding H2O2Soaking and bleaching;
(2) bleaching the bleached cowhide with process water, adding process water and hydrochloric acid for pre-acidification, adjusting the pH value of the cowhide to 3.8-4.2, and adding Na2S2O5(ii) a Starting the rotary drum, and finally rinsing with process water;
(3) adding process water, adding citric acid and sodium citrate to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.5-2.8, soaking the cowhide, and starting a rotary drum until the cowhide is transparent; washing with process water to stabilize the pH value of the solution at 2.8-3.0, and aging in a cold store;
(4) dicing cowhide, chopping, removing fiber to obtain 0.6-0.8mm sheet collagen membrane, and aging in cold storage;
(5) compounding food-grade pigments: adding aluminum salt into the food-grade powdery pigment, weighing CMC, mixing the three materials, homogenizing and grinding the mixture into a powdery mixture, adding the mixed powder into vegetable oil and purified water, dispersing the mixture in the purified water, and homogenizing the mixture to form an oil-in-water mixed solution;
(6) adding the collagen membrane into a mixing and kneading machine, adding a food additive, a compound food-grade pigment mixed solution, water, hydrochloric acid and lactic acid, mixing and kneading to prepare a collagen cluster with the water content of 89.5-90.0 wt%, and finally carding and filtering to obtain a circular strip-shaped collagen fiber bundle;
(7) and aging the collagen in a cold storage to obtain the colored casing collagen.
2. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), process water with the mass of one time of that of the cow leather is added, and then H with the mass of 3-5% of that of the cow leather is added2O2And soaking for 18-24 hours for bleaching.
3. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), process water with the mass being one time of that of the cowhide and hydrochloric acid with the mass being 2-4% of that of the cowhide are added for pre-acidification.
4. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), Na2S2O5Has a mass of H2O21/4-1/2 of mass.
5. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), after the drum is started, the drum is rotated for 15 minutes per hour.
6. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), adding process water with the mass being one time of that of the cowhide; the cowhide is soaked for 18-24 hours, and the rotary drum is started to rotate for 15 minutes per hour.
7. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), washing for 4-5 times by using process water; aging in a cold storage for 6-7 days, and keeping the temperature at 4-5 ℃.
8. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), aging in a cold store for 2-3 days, and keeping the temperature at 4-5 ℃.
9. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the using amount of the pigment is 0.6-1.0% of the collagen mass; the adding amount of the aluminum salt is 50-100ppm of the collagen mass; the amount of CMC is 0.7-1.0% of the collagen mass; the amount of the vegetable oil is 1-3% of the collagen mass; the amount of water is 4-6% of the collagen mass; dispersing for 2-2.5 hours.
10. The method of preparing colored casing collagen according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), adding food additives, hydrochloric acid and lactic acid, and mixing and kneading for 4 hours; mixing and kneading the collagen twice, filtering twice, and mixing and kneading for 4 hours; the food additive is microcrystalline cellulose.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113475560A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of casing |
| CN114246202A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-29 | 山东海奥斯生物科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of novel fried casing collagen |
| CN115336620A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-15 | 山东海奥斯生物科技股份有限公司 | Process for preparing casing by utilizing collagen fibers recovered from waste water |
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Application publication date: 20210305 |