CN112436907A - Digital phased array transmitting channel consistency rapid calibration system based on m sequence - Google Patents
Digital phased array transmitting channel consistency rapid calibration system based on m sequence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital phased array transmission channel consistency rapid calibration system based on an m sequence, and belongs to the technical field of multichannel consistency calibration. The single tone calibration signal is modulated by adopting m sequences with different phases to serve as the calibration signal of each calibration channel, and the frequency domain product operation is carried out on the signal at the receiving end, which is equivalent to time domain cyclic convolution operation, so that the simultaneous and rapid phase calibration of a plurality of transmitting channels of the digital phased array system can be realized. Compared with the traditional calibration method, the calibration time can be shortened by more than 10 times on the premise of not reducing the calibration precision by only improving the digital signal processing algorithm without increasing hardware equipment. The invention has the characteristics of simple calibration process, short calibration time and high calibration precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a digital phased array transmitting channel consistency rapid calibration system based on an m sequence, belongs to the technical field of multichannel consistency calibration of digital phased array systems, and can be used for large-scale phased array systems requiring rapid calibration.
Background
In order to maintain high synthesis efficiency in work, a phased array system generally needs to perform consistency calibration between multiple channels of an array in a preparation stage before work. At present, a four-quadrant method is often adopted for calibrating the consistency among array channels, the phase calibration of each channel needs to be carried out in a time-sharing mode, and one channel needs to be calibrated and calibrated for four times of operation, so that the defects of complex calibration process and long calibration time exist. However, for better user experience, it is necessary to improve the calibration efficiency and shorten the calibration time as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the calibration accuracy. However, with the increase of data transmission and the expansion of range, the array size is increasing, and the prior art has been difficult to meet the above requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a digital phased array transmission channel consistency fast calibration system based on m sequences, which can realize the simultaneous parallel calibration of a plurality of transmission channels of the digital phased array system and shorten the calibration time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a digital phased array transmission channel consistency rapid calibration system based on m sequences comprises calibration channel equipment 3 and an FPGA signal processing module, wherein the FPGA signal processing module is used for realizing a calibration signal generation module 1 and a calibration signal processing module 4;
the calibration signal generating module 1 comprises an m-sequence generating circuit 101, a single-tone signal generating circuit 102, and an m-sequence and single-tone signal multiplier 103; wherein:
the m-sequence generating circuit 101 outputs a plurality of m-sequences having good autocorrelation characteristics and good cross-correlation characteristics;
the single-tone signal generating circuit 102 generates a single-tone signal of a frequency point to be calibrated;
the m sequence and single-tone signal multiplier 103 multiplies the multi-channel m sequence output by the m sequence generating circuit 101 by the single-tone signal generated by the single-tone signal generating circuit 102, and outputs multi-channel spread spectrum signals to each channel of calibrated transmitting channels 2;
the calibration channel device 3 comprises a synthesis network 302, a calibration channel 303, an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) 304 and a plurality of couplers 301; wherein:
each coupler 301 is arranged on an antenna feeder line of one path of calibrated transmitting channel 2, and couples and outputs a transmitting signal of the path of transmitting channel;
the synthesis network 302 synthesizes the signals output by the couplers 301 into a signal;
the calibration channel 303 amplifies one path of signal synthesized by the synthesis network 302, so that the level of the signal is adapted to the ADC 304;
the ADC 304 digitally samples the output signal of the calibration channel 303;
the calibration signal processing module 4 comprises a first FFT operation module 401, a second FFT operation module 402, a conjugate product operation module 403, an IFFT operation module 404, an amplitude detection module 405, a phase calculation module 406, and a calibration result output module 407; wherein:
the first FFT operation module 401 performs FFT operation on the m-sequence generated by the m-sequence generation circuit 101;
the second FFT operation module 402 performs FFT operation on the digital signal output by the ADC 304;
the conjugate product operation module 403 performs conjugate product operation on the results output by the first and second FFT operation modules;
the IFFT operation module 404 performs IFFT operation on the result output by the conjugate product operation module 403;
the amplitude detection module 405 performs amplitude detection on the result output by the IFFT operation module 404 to find a plurality of amplitude maximum values corresponding to the calibration routes;
the phase calculation module 406 performs phase calculation on the amplitude maximums respectively to obtain phase values corresponding to the calibrated transmitting channels;
the result output module 407 outputs each phase value obtained by the phase calculation module 406, which is the calibration result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can realize the simultaneous and rapid calibration of a plurality of transmitting channels of the phased array system by adopting the orthogonal m sequence to modulate the single-tone signal as the calibration signal.
2. Compared with the traditional calibration mode, the calibration method has the advantages that hardware equipment is not required to be added, and the calibration time can be shortened by more than 10 times on the premise of not reducing the calibration precision by only improving the digital signal processing algorithm.
3. The invention has the characteristics of simple calibration process, short calibration time and high calibration precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a digital phased array transmit channel consistency fast calibration system based on m sequences includes a calibration channel device 3 and an FPGA signal processing module, where the FPGA signal processing module is used to implement a calibration signal generating module 1 and a calibration signal processing module 4;
the system can simultaneously calibrate a plurality of calibrated transmitting channels (2). Each calibrated transmitting channel comprises a DAC (digital-to-analog converter) 201 and a transmitting channel 202, and each transmitting channel 202 is connected with one antenna unit 5 through a feeder line.
The calibration signal generating module 1 comprises an m-sequence generating circuit 101, a single-tone signal generating circuit 102, and an m-sequence and single-tone signal multiplier 103; wherein:
the m-sequence generating circuit 101 outputs a plurality of m-sequences having good autocorrelation characteristics and good cross-correlation characteristics;
the single-tone signal generating circuit 102 generates a single-tone signal of a frequency point to be calibrated;
the m-sequence and single-tone signal multiplier 103 multiplies the m-sequences output by the m-sequence generating circuit 101 by the single-tone signal generated by the single-tone signal generating circuit 102, and outputs a plurality of spread spectrum signals to each of the calibrated transmitting channels 2.
The calibration channel device 3 comprises a synthesis network 302, a calibration channel 303, an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) 304 and a plurality of couplers 301; wherein:
each coupler 301 is arranged on an antenna feeder line of one path of calibrated transmitting channel 2, and couples and outputs a transmitting signal of the path of transmitting channel;
the synthesis network 302 synthesizes the signals output by the couplers 301 into a signal;
the calibration channel 303 amplifies one path of signal synthesized by the synthesis network 302, so that the level of the signal is adapted to the ADC 304;
the ADC converter 304 digitally samples the output signal of the calibration channel 303.
The calibration signal processing module 4 comprises a first FFT operation module 401, a second FFT operation module 402, a conjugate product operation module 403, an IFFT operation module 404, an amplitude detection module 405, a phase calculation module 406, and a calibration result output module 407; wherein:
the first FFT operation module 401 performs FFT operation on the m-sequence generated by the m-sequence generation circuit 101;
the second FFT operation module 402 performs FFT operation on the digital signal output by the ADC 304;
the conjugate product operation module 403 performs conjugate product operation on the results output by the first and second FFT operation modules;
the IFFT operation module 404 performs IFFT operation on the result output by the conjugate product operation module 403;
the amplitude detection module 405 performs amplitude detection on the result output by the IFFT operation module 404 to find a plurality of amplitude maximum values corresponding to the calibration routes;
the phase calculation module 406 performs phase calculation on the amplitude maximums respectively to obtain phase values corresponding to the calibrated transmitting channels;
the result output module 407 outputs each phase value obtained by the phase calculation module 406, which is the calibration result.
The following is illustrated with parallel calibration of 10 transmit channels:
still referring to fig. 1, a digital phased array transmit channel consistency fast calibration system based on m sequences includes a calibration signal generation module 1, a calibrated transmit channel 2, a calibration channel device 3, and a calibration signal processing module 4.
The calibration signal generating module 1 includes an m-sequence generating circuit 101, a single-tone signal generating circuit 102, an m-sequence and a single-tone signal multiplier 103. The m-sequence generating circuit 101 outputs 10 m-sequences with the code length of 1023; the single-tone signal generating circuit 102 generates a single-tone signal of a frequency point to be calibrated; the m-sequence and single-tone signal multiplier 103 multiplies the 10 m-sequences output by the m-sequence generating circuit 101 by the single-tone signal generated by the single-tone signal generating circuit 102, and outputs 10 spread spectrum signals to 10 transmitting channels in the calibrated transmitting channel 2.
The calibrated transmission channel 2 is each transmission channel of the digital phased array system, and comprises a DAC (digital-to-analog converter) 201 and a transmission channel 202. The 10-path DAC 201 receives the calibration signal to generate 10 paths of digital signals output by the 1, and converts the digital signals into analog signals; the 10 transmit channels 202 respectively filter, amplify and output the analog signals output by the 10 DAC digital-to-analog converters 201 to the 10 antenna units 5.
The calibration channel device 3 comprises a coupler 301, a synthesis network 302, a calibration channel 303 and an ADC analog-to-digital converter 304. The 10 couplers 301 are used for coupling and outputting signals output by the 10 transmitting channels 202, the synthesis network 302 is used for synthesizing the signals output by the 10 couplers 301 into one path of output, and the calibration channel 303 amplifies the signals output by the synthesis network 302 to enable the output signal level to be suitable for the ADC 304; the ADC 304 digitizes the analog signal output from the calibration channel 303 and outputs the digitized signal to the calibration signal processing 4.
The specific processing procedure of the calibration signal processing module 4 is as follows:
performing 1024-point FFT operation on an m sequence of 1023 code lengths generated by the m sequence generation circuit, and recording the result as x (k) ═ FFT (m (t)), k ═ 1, 2, …, and 1024;
performing 1024-point FFT operation on the digital signal output by the ADC, and recording as y (k) ═ FFT (x (t)), k ═ 1, 2, …, 1024;
c, performing conjugate product operation on the two FFT operation outputs, and recording as z (k) ═ x (k) × conj [ y (k) ], k ═ 1, 2, …, 1024;
carrying out IFFT operation on the result of the conjugate product operation, and recording as follows: z (n) ═ IFFT { z (k) }, k ═ 1, 2, …, 1024, n ═ 1, 2, …, 1024;
fifthly, amplitude detection is carried out on the signal | z (n) | output by the IFFT operation result to obtain 10 points z (n) with the highest amplitude1)、z(n2)、z(n3)、z(n4)、z(n5)、z(n6)、z(n7)、z(n8)、z(n9) And z (n)10)；
Sixthly, phase calculation is carried out on the 10 points with the highest amplitude respectively, and z (n) is used1) For example, the phase value is calculated by the formula
Obtaining 10 phase values P (n)1)、P(n2)、P(n3)、P(n4)P(n5)、P(n6)、P(n7)、P(n8)、P(n9)、P(n10) The 10 phase values are the calibration results.
The single tone calibration signal is modulated by adopting m sequences with different phases to serve as the calibration signal of each calibration channel, and the frequency domain product operation is carried out on the signal at the receiving end, which is equivalent to time domain cyclic convolution operation, so that the simultaneous and rapid phase calibration of a plurality of transmitting channels of the digital phased array system can be realized.
Compared with the traditional calibration method, the calibration time can be shortened by more than 10 times on the premise of not reducing the calibration precision by only improving the digital signal processing algorithm without increasing hardware equipment. The invention has the characteristics of simple calibration process, short calibration time and high calibration precision.
It should be noted that the above description of specific embodiments of the invention is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of those skilled in the art, and does not mean that the scope of protection of the patent is also limited to these embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the design idea and technical solution of the present patent shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A digital phased array transmission channel consistency rapid calibration system based on m sequences is characterized by comprising calibration channel equipment (3) and an FPGA signal processing module, wherein the FPGA signal processing module is used for realizing a calibration signal generating module (1) and a calibration signal processing module (4);
the calibration signal generation module (1) comprises an m sequence generation circuit (101), a single-tone signal generation circuit (102) and an m sequence and single-tone signal multiplier (103); wherein:
an m-sequence generating circuit (101) outputs a plurality of m-sequences having good autocorrelation characteristics and good cross-correlation characteristics;
the single tone signal generating circuit (102) generates a single tone signal of a frequency point to be calibrated;
the m sequence and single-tone signal multiplier (103) multiplies the multi-channel m sequence output by the m sequence generating circuit (101) and the single-tone signal generated by the single-tone signal generating circuit (102), and outputs multi-channel spread spectrum signals to each channel of calibrated transmitting channels (2);
the calibration channel device (3) comprises a synthesis network (302), a calibration channel (303), an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) (304) and a plurality of couplers (301); wherein:
each coupler (301) is arranged on an antenna feeder line of one path of calibrated transmitting channel (2) and couples and outputs a transmitting signal of the path of transmitting channel;
the synthesis network (302) synthesizes the signals output by the couplers (301) into a signal;
the calibration channel (303) amplifies one path of signals synthesized by the synthesis network (302) to enable the level of the signals to be adapted to the ADC (304);
the ADC (304) carries out digital sampling on an output signal of the calibration channel (303);
the calibration signal processing module (4) comprises a first FFT operation module (401), a second FFT operation module (402), a conjugate product operation module (403), an IFFT operation module (404), an amplitude detection module (405), a phase calculation module (406) and a calibration result output module (407); wherein:
a first FFT operation module (401) performs FFT operation on the m sequence generated by the m sequence generation circuit (101);
the second FFT operation module (402) carries out FFT operation on the digital signal output by the ADC analog-to-digital converter (304);
a conjugate product operation module (403) performs conjugate product operation on the results output by the first and second FFT operation modules;
an IFFT operation module (404) performs IFFT operation on the result output by the conjugate product operation module (403);
the amplitude detection module (405) carries out amplitude detection on the result output by the IFFT operation module (404) to find a plurality of amplitude maximum values corresponding to the calibration path number;
the phase calculation module (406) respectively performs phase calculation on the amplitude maximum values to obtain phase values corresponding to the calibrated transmitting channels;
and the result output module (407) outputs each phase value obtained by the phase calculation module (406), namely the calibration result.
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