CN112435545A - Cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN112435545A CN112435545A CN202011341428.4A CN202011341428A CN112435545A CN 112435545 A CN112435545 A CN 112435545A CN 202011341428 A CN202011341428 A CN 202011341428A CN 112435545 A CN112435545 A CN 112435545A
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- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
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Abstract
本发明提出一种空腔式黑体辐射演示仪，其包括一个无盖空腔正方体亚克力透明玻璃容器、一个正方形透明挡板，一只激光笔，一个激光电源、一个烟雾机、一个可固定激光的支架、一些可剪裁的软面镜子；正方形空腔内侧壁粘贴用同尺寸的软面镜子且光滑面向内，其中一侧壁正中心留有狭缝；正方形挡板放置在空腔上方；长方形支架上有一个圆孔，其支架上可插入激光笔，激光笔同时连接激光电源；所述烟雾机产生充当激光光束的传播介质的烟雾。本发明能够同时允许多人参与演示空腔式黑体辐射的实验，具有较强的互动性、趣味性。
The present invention provides a cavity type black body radiation demonstrator, which includes a coverless cavity square acrylic transparent glass container, a square transparent baffle, a laser pointer, a laser power supply, a fog machine, a laser capable of fixing Brackets, some soft-surface mirrors that can be cut; the inner side wall of the square cavity is pasted with a soft-surface mirror of the same size and faces smoothly inward, and one side wall has a slit in the center; the square baffle is placed above the cavity; a rectangular bracket There is a round hole on the bracket, and a laser pointer can be inserted into the bracket, and the laser pointer is connected to the laser power supply at the same time; the fog machine generates smoke that acts as a propagation medium for the laser beam. The invention can simultaneously allow multiple people to participate in the experiment of demonstrating cavity-type black body radiation, and has strong interaction and interest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetism, and particularly relates to a cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument which is suitable for physical experiments of large universities and classroom demonstration teaching and can approximately simulate blackbody radiation.
Background
Any object has the properties of continuously radiating, absorbing and reflecting electromagnetic waves; the radiated electromagnetic wave is different in each wavelength band, that is, has a certain spectral distribution. This spectral distribution is related to the properties of the object itself and its temperature and is therefore called thermal radiation. In order to study the heat radiation law independent of the specific physical properties of substances, physicists defined an ideal object, a black body (black body), as a standard object for heat radiation study. Blackbody radiation sources are widely used for calibrating radiation temperature measuring equipment such as various radiation thermometers and thermal imaging systems; calibrating the radiation intensity of various infrared radiation sources, and the like. A black body is an ideal object and does not exist in nature. The ideal blackbody theory provided by kirchhoff provides a basic method for people to develop artificial blackbodies, and the teaching instrument which is simple in device, visual in phenomenon, good in stability and rich in functions is beneficial to students to better understand the principle of blackbody radiation, can be obviously and directly observed, can be used for operating the experimental process in person, is more beneficial to exciting the learning interest of the students and improving the practical ability of the students.
However, most of the existing instruments for demonstrating black body radiation are heavy, the device is complex, the cost is high, the steps are complicated, heating is needed, and the like, and the instruments are not suitable for training the practical ability and the observation ability of students.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument which can demonstrate the relevant knowledge close to blackbody radiation in large-scale places such as classrooms and science museums.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument comprises a uncovered cavity cubic acrylic transparent glass container, a square transparent baffle, a laser pen, a laser power supply, a smoke machine, a support capable of fixing laser and a plurality of cuttable soft mirrors; a soft mirror with the same size is stuck on the inner side wall of the square cavity, the soft mirror is smooth and faces inwards, and a slit with the thickness of 1mm is reserved in the center of one side wall; the square baffle is arranged above the cavity; a round hole is formed in the rectangular support, a laser pen can be inserted into the support, and the laser pen is simultaneously connected with a laser power supply; the aerosol machine generates an aerosol that acts as a propagation medium for the laser beam.
Preferably, the square container is a cube made of transparent acrylic, is hollow and has no upper cover, the length, width and height of the square container are 24cm, the thickness of the square container is 5mm, and smoke can be added into the square container.
Preferably, the square transparent glass cover is 25cm long and wide and 2mm thick, and can completely cover the square cavity.
Preferably, the power of the laser pen is 10mW, and the laser pen can obviously penetrate through thin smoke to show that laser beams pass through the slit.
Preferably, the rectangular support is arranged on the outer wall of the square cavity by adopting a 3D printer technology, the length of the rectangular support is 3cm, the width of the rectangular support is 2.5cm, the height of the rectangular support is 13cm, the thickness of the rectangular support is 5mm, and the diameter of the central circular hole is 12 mm.
Preferably, the cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument comprises an electric smoke machine, wherein the power of the electric smoke machine is 400W and the electric smoke machine can be charged to spray smoke.
Furthermore, the soft mirror is thin, soft and cuttable. The glass paper is cut into soft glass paper, the soft glass paper is cut into the same size and is attached to the inner wall of the square cavity, the smooth mirror faces inwards, and a slit with the thickness of 1mm is formed in the center of one inner wall.
Preferably, the radiant energy of the laser entering the cavity through the slit is absorbed for the most part after multiple absorption and reflection by the cavity walls, corresponding to an absorption ratio close to 1 for the slit, i.e. close to a black body.
In the prior art, the instrument has a large size, can allow multiple persons to operate and observe simultaneously, and can be displayed in a school classroom environment or large-scale places such as exhibition halls, science and technology halls and the like. Meanwhile, the instrument has obvious and intuitive demonstration phenomenon and strong interactivity. The teaching instrument has a good teaching effect and has strong popularization as a popular science instrument. The invention has obvious and intuitive phenomenon and can greatly improve the learning enthusiasm of students. Meanwhile, as a science popularization instrument, the understanding of citizens on science and technology is greatly improved. Therefore, the instrument has good teaching effect and better social benefit.
In addition, the cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument designed by utilizing the acrylic plate has the advantages of concise design, low cost, light weight, high specular reflectivity and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cavity-type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the main structure of the cavity-type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the apparatus of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Additionally, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the particular structures or components or the particular parameters described below.
A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument comprises a uncovered cavity square acrylic transparent glass container, a square transparent baffle, a laser pen, a laser power supply, a smoke sprayer, a bracket capable of fixing laser and a plurality of cuttable soft mirrors; a soft mirror with the same size is stuck on the inner side wall of the square cavity, the soft mirror is smooth and faces inwards, and a slit with the thickness of 1mm is reserved in the center of one side wall; the square baffle is arranged above the cavity; a round hole is formed in the rectangular support, a laser pen can be inserted into the support, and the laser pen is simultaneously connected with a laser power supply; the aerosol machine generates an aerosol that acts as a propagation medium for the laser beam.
The specific structure is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a cavity-type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument, fig. 2 is a top view of a main structure of the instrument, and the attached figures are specifically marked as follows: the device comprises a uncovered hollow transparent cube container 101, soft glass 102 with the same size as the side wall of the cube container, a transparent cube baffle 103, a slit 104, a laser 105, a support 106 with a small hole, a laser power supply 107, a laser reflection light path diagram 108 and an electric smoke machine 109.
In the cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument, a soft mirror with the same size as the side wall is stuck on the inner side wall of a transparent cube container, and the smooth mirror surface of the soft mirror faces inwards; wherein a slit is reserved in the right center of one side wall in the cube container from top to bottom, and the width of the slit is preferably 0.1 mm-2 mm. A baffle is arranged above the cube container; a rectangular support is placed at the slit, 1 laser pen can be inserted into the support, the support is connected with a laser power supply, the laser pen is used as a light source, and the smoke sprayer serving as a light transmission medium is provided.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument comprises a uncovered cavity cube acrylic transparent glass container, a square transparent baffle, a laser pen, a laser power supply, a smoke machine, a bracket capable of fixing laser, and a plurality of cuttable soft mirrors; a soft mirror with the same size is stuck on the inner side wall of the square cavity, the soft mirror is smooth and faces inwards, and a slit with the width of 1mm is reserved in the center of the right side wall; the square baffle is arranged above the cavity; a round hole is formed in the rectangular support, a laser pen can be inserted into the support, and the laser pen is simultaneously connected with a laser power supply; the aerosol machine generates an aerosol that acts as a propagation medium for the laser beam.
Furthermore, the square container is a cube made of transparent acrylic, is hollow and has no upper cover, the length of the square container is 24CM, the width of the square container is 24CM, the height of the square container is 24CM, the thickness of the square container is 5MM, and smoke can be added into the square container. The square transparent glass cover is 25cm long, 25cm wide and 2mm thick, and can completely cover the square cavity. Furthermore, the power of the laser pen is preferably 10mW, and the laser pen can obviously penetrate through thin smoke and show the propagation path of the laser beam in the cavity.
The rectangular support is arranged on the outer wall of the square cavity by adopting a 3D printer technology, the length of the rectangular support is 3CM, the width of the rectangular support is 2.5CM, the height of the rectangular support is 13CM, the thickness of the rectangular support is 5MM, and the diameter of the central round hole is 12 MM.
Furthermore, the cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument comprises an electric smoke machine, wherein the power of the electric smoke machine is 400W, and the electric smoke machine can charge and spray smoke. The soft mirror is thin, soft and can be cut; the glass paper is cut into soft glass paper, the soft glass paper is cut into the same size and is attached to the inner wall of the square cavity, the smooth mirror faces inwards, and a slit with the thickness of 1mm is formed in the center of one inner wall. The radiation energy of the laser entering the cavity through the slit is absorbed for most parts after being absorbed and reflected for many times by the wall surface of the cavity, and the absorption ratio of the slit is equivalent to be close to 1, namely close to a black body.
The following technical scheme can be operated by using the cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument shown in fig. 1 and 2. The specific operation steps are as follows:
the specific demonstration operation steps of the cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument are as follows:
step 1: firstly, placing a square container (marked with 101) made of transparent acrylic, which is hollow and has no upper cover, has the length of 24CM, the width of 24CM, the height of 24CM and the thickness of 5MM on a flat and smooth desktop, and ensuring that laser light paths are on the same horizontal line in the experimental process;
step 2: cutting the soft mirror into the same size as the side wall of the cavity container, attaching the soft mirror to the inner wall (marked 102) of the square cavity, wherein the smooth mirror faces inwards, and a slit (marked 104) with the thickness of 1mm is reserved in the center of one inner wall;
and step 3: spraying a small amount of smoke with an electric sprayer (labeled 109), and covering a square baffle (labeled 103);
and 4, step 4: placing a rectangular bracket (label 106) with a round hole at the slit;
and 5: inserting a laser (mark 105) into the round hole on the bracket and connecting a laser power supply (mark 107);
step 6: and a laser power supply is turned on, and a light path diagram of laser passing through the slit and reflected on the inner wall of the cavity for multiple times can be observed through the transparent baffle.
The cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument can allow multiple persons to participate in demonstrating a cavity type black body radiation demonstration experiment, has strong interactivity and interestingness, is simple in design, rich in demonstration content and obvious and intuitive in phenomenon, and greatly improves the study enthusiasm of students. Meanwhile, the instrument is suitable for market popularization as a science popularization instrument, and the understanding of citizens on science and technology can be greatly improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument is characterized by comprising a uncovered cavity square acrylic transparent glass container, a square transparent baffle, a laser pen, a laser power supply, a smoke sprayer, a bracket capable of fixing laser and a plurality of soft mirrors capable of being cut; a soft mirror with the same size is stuck on the inner side wall of the square cavity, the soft mirror is smooth and faces inwards, and a slit is reserved in the center of the right side wall; the square baffle is arranged above the cavity; a round hole is formed in the rectangular support, a laser pen can be inserted into the support, and the laser pen is simultaneously connected with a laser power supply; the aerosol machine generates an aerosol that acts as a propagation medium for the laser beam.
2. A cavity-type black body radiation demonstration instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass container is a cube made of transparent acrylic, hollow and without an upper cover, the length, width and height of the glass container are all 24cm, the thickness of the glass container is 5mm, and colored liquid or smoke can be added into the glass container.
3. A cavity-type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the square transparent glass cover is made of acrylic, has a length and a width of 25cm and a thickness of 2mm, and can completely cover the square cavity container.
4. A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said laser pointer has a power of 10mW and is substantially transparent to dilute smoke to demonstrate the properties of blackbody radiation within said cavity.
5. A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electric smoking machine is provided in the cavity, the electric smoking machine has a power of 400W and can charge to emit smoke.
6. A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rectangular support is placed outside the square cavity by 3D printer technology, the rectangular support is 3cm long, 2.5cm wide, 13cm high and 5MM thick, and the diameter of the hole of the circular hole on the support is 12 MM.
7. A cavity blackbody radiation demonstrator according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said soft glass paper is cut to size and attached to the inner walls of said cavity, and said smooth mirror is facing inward, wherein a slit of 1mm is formed in the center of one of said inner walls, and said laser can be emitted through said slit into said cavity.
8. A cavity type blackbody radiation demonstration apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein a laser power supply is provided in connection with the laser pointer.
9. A cavity-type blackbody radiation demonstration apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the rectangular support is disposed outside the cavity with the slit and facing the slit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011341428.4A CN112435545A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011341428.4A CN112435545A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Cavity type black body radiation demonstration instrument |
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| CN112435545A true CN112435545A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113689766A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | Teaching aid and method for demonstrating black body radiation lanbeite law |
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| CN2828981Y (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-10-18 | 天津师范大学 | Optical propagation law demonstrater capable of displaying light path |
| CN201274116Y (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2009-07-15 | 王金华 | Demonstrator for reflection, refraction and perfect reflection of light |
| CN205015090U (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 李小利 | Black matrix experimental apparatus |
| CN208384881U (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-01-15 | 何海军 | A kind of propagation path of light demonstrator |
| CN110364063A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-22 | 南开大学 | A Multifunctional Geometrical Optics Demonstration Instrument |
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2020
- 2020-11-25 CN CN202011341428.4A patent/CN112435545A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4789788A (en) * | 1987-01-15 | 1988-12-06 | The Boeing Company | Optically pumped radiation source |
| CN2828981Y (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-10-18 | 天津师范大学 | Optical propagation law demonstrater capable of displaying light path |
| CN201274116Y (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2009-07-15 | 王金华 | Demonstrator for reflection, refraction and perfect reflection of light |
| CN205015090U (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 李小利 | Black matrix experimental apparatus |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 杨先卫: "《大学物理下册》", 31 January 2017 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113689766A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | Teaching aid and method for demonstrating black body radiation lanbeite law |
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Application publication date: 20210302 |