CN112434453A - Bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method, system, medium, equipment and terminal - Google Patents
Bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method, system, medium, equipment and terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural static and dynamic analysis and finite element simulation, and discloses a method, a system, a medium, equipment and a terminal for simplifying equivalent of a bearing finite element model, wherein the method comprises the steps of establishing a finite element model of other parts except a bearing according to an actual structure, and carrying out equivalent simplification on the finite element model; for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit; for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling; connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint; according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model; applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item; and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result. The invention provides a bearing finite element simplified model which can give consideration to both analysis efficiency and accuracy, reduces the number of grids, reduces the performance requirement on a computing platform, and also provides necessary conditions for subsequent optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural static and dynamic analysis and finite element simulation, and particularly relates to a bearing finite element model simplified equivalent method, system, medium, equipment and terminal.
Background
At present: when static and dynamic analysis is carried out on a structure, experience and actual model tests are generally used as analysis means, and the method is high in cost and long in analysis period. The existing solution is to analyze the structure of a finite element model by using CAE software, such as ANSYS, ABAQUS, etc., which is significant to the optimization design of the whole structure. In general, the more complex the finite element model, the longer the time required to ensure the computational accuracy, and the higher the requirements on the computational platform. Particularly, when the static and dynamic analysis results of the structure are utilized to carry out parameter and topology optimization of the structure, the finite element model needs to be repeatedly called for analysis and solution for many times, and a larger calculation amount is needed at the moment.
The bearing is generally modeled by a solid in the traditional finite element model, the bearing structure is complex, the degree of freedom is high, and particularly, the bearing roller is involved in the contact problem of the finite element, so that the method has the defects of large calculation amount and low efficiency. In addition, during static and dynamic structural analysis, if the problems of the freedom degree of the roller contact surface, the large number of grids, the poor quality and the like cannot be solved, the calculation platform cannot calculate or calculate without convergence, so that the calculation fails. The large model has a large number of bearings, and the defect is particularly obvious if the optimization of the structure is concerned. When the structure of the whole model is analyzed, the actual load and deformation of the bearing can be ignored generally, so that the method is particularly important for simplifying the bearing on the basis that the load transmission path and the degree of freedom are consistent with those of the original model.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: in a traditional bearing finite element modeling method, a roller and inner and outer rings of a bearing are modeled by a solid body, and the processing of roller contact involves nonlinear analysis. When the structure is analyzed and optimized, the traditional finite element model is large in calculation amount and low in efficiency, and the calculation is not converged due to improper processing of the contact problem.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: a bearing finite element model simplification equivalent scheme needs to be provided, different simplification modes are adopted for bearings under different stress conditions, so that the load transmission path and the degree of freedom of an equivalent model are consistent with those of an original model, the calculation amount of the finite element model needs to be reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: when the structure with a large number of bearings is analyzed, the invention omits the contact analysis of the traditional method through the simplified equivalence of the bearing finite element model on the basis of ensuring the accuracy of the load transmission path and the degree of freedom of the finite element model, simultaneously reduces the grid number of the finite element integral model, reduces the performance requirement on a computing platform, improves the efficiency of the integral analysis of the model, and can effectively support the subsequent optimization design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a system, a medium, equipment and a terminal for simplifying equivalent of a bearing finite element model.
The invention is realized in such a way that a bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method comprises the following steps:
and establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model. For the part meeting the shell unit modeling requirements, the shell unit modeling is adopted, compared with a body unit, the calculation amount can be effectively reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved. For local characteristics which do not affect the overall performance of the structure, the calculation amount can be reduced by omitting or simplifying the local characteristics;
for bearings subjected to radial force only, a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit are adopted for simplified modeling. The beam units are used for simulating the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, so that the number of units is reduced; the relative rotation of the inner ring and the outer ring is simulated by using the multi-point coupling unit, the contact problem between the roller and the inner ring and the contact problem between the roller and the outer ring are neglected, and the operation efficiency is improved;
for bearings subjected to axial forces, the use of a body unit and a rod unit simplifies the modeling. The number of units is reduced by utilizing the equivalent roller of the rod unit; the roller is correspondingly connected with the original model roller point contact position and is equivalent to the internal load transmission path of the bearing; the relative rotational freedom of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is simulated by utilizing the characteristics that the rod unit has no rotational freedom and is only pulled and pressed, so that the problem of the arrangement of the freedom of the inner ring and the outer ring is simplified;
connecting the bearing to the finite element model of the remaining components, imposing boundary constraints. Load transmission paths of the bearing and other components are simulated through the rigid area, and the setting is simple, convenient and quick; the slave nodes can be selected as all nodes on the contact surface of the connecting position in the structure, the load transmission path is real, and stress concentration is prevented;
and applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model according to the actual working conditions. Corresponding rotation constraint and boundary conditions of a fixed structure are added according to actual working conditions, and the actual situation of the structure can be simulated as truly as possible;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
Further, a finite element model of the bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method is established through a parameterized language, the model is established mostly by adopting shell units, body units are adopted for modeling at positions which do not meet the shell unit equivalent principle, different section parameters are given to each shell surface according to an actual structure, ribs in the model are modeled by beam units, and different beam section parameters are given;
for the additional components which only provide load and have no influence on the rigidity, the additional components are established into shell unit empty boxes with equal mass and equal volume and then connected into a finite element model through beam units; the geometrical characteristics of a bolt hole, a small chamfer, a small fillet and a tool withdrawal groove in the model are eliminated.
Further, the bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method is used for simplifying and modeling a bearing which is only subjected to radial force through a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit, a pair of space virtual nodes are established at the center of the bearing, and the nodes are restrained by the multi-point coupling unit to release rotation around the axial direction of the bearing; one node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing outer ring mounting surface through a beam unit, the other node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing inner ring mounting surface, and the material property of the beam unit is given by information obtained by a bearing test.
Further comprising:
1) setting the multipoint coupling unit as a rotary joint, namely releasing the inner and outer beams to rotate around a shaft;
2) if the inner circle of beam and the outer circle of beam in the bearing simplified model are connected to form a body unit, a layer of shell unit is divided on the surface of the body unit, and the degrees of freedom of the beam-body unit connection are matched.
Further, the bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method is used for simplifying a bearing model through a rod unit and a body unit for the angular contact ball bearing simultaneously subjected to radial force and axial force. The inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are modeled by using the body unit, the roller is modeled by using the rod unit in a simplified way, and the angular contact between the roller and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is simulated to approximate the force transmission condition in the actual bearing;
further comprising:
1) the rod unit is directly connected with the body unit, and the rotational freedom of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is released by utilizing the characteristic that the rod unit has no rotational freedom and is only pulled and pressed;
2) according to the number, position and size of rollers in the actual bearing, cutting a section at a corresponding position of the finite element model, and adding a rod unit simplified model of the rollers;
3) the specific connecting position of the rod unit on the cross section refers to the point contact position of the roller in the actually selected bearing, so that the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are correspondingly connected.
Further, the bearing finite element model simplifying equivalent method utilizes a rigid region to connect the bearing and the finite element models of other parts, and simulates the connection of the bearing and the other parts of the structure; selecting a certain node on the bearing mounting surface as a master node, and all nodes in the axial direction of the corresponding bearing as slave nodes, wherein the master node and the slave nodes are fully constrained and can transfer loads;
and the bearing finite element model simplifying equivalent method is used for carrying out structural analysis on the model, and the corresponding pivoting freedom degree is restrained at the corresponding position according to the actual model.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model during modeling;
for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint;
according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model during modeling;
for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint;
according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used for implementing the simplified equivalent method of the bearing finite element model.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a simplified equivalent system of a finite element model of a bearing for implementing the simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing, the simplified equivalent system of a finite element model of a bearing comprising:
the finite element module building module is used for building finite element models of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure;
the radial force bearing simplified modeling module is used for carrying out simplified modeling on a bearing only subjected to radial force by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
the axial force bearing simplified modeling module is used for simplifying and modeling the axial force bearing by adopting a body unit and a rod unit;
the constraint applying module between the components is used for connecting the bearing and the finite element models of the other components and applying necessary boundary constraint;
the constraint boundary condition module is used for applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model according to actual working conditions;
the calculation output item setting module is used for applying an excitation load and setting a calculation output item;
and the result display module is used for calculating the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
TABLE 1 comparison of conventional bearing modeling methods with the present invention
The invention adopts different simplifying modes for bearings under different stress conditions, and provides a finite element simplified model capable of ensuring the consistency of a model load transmission path and the degree of freedom. The method reduces the number of grids, reduces the performance requirement on the computing platform, and provides necessary conditions for subsequent optimization.
In a traditional finite element model, a bearing is generally modeled by a solid body, the bearing structure is complex, the degree of freedom is high, and particularly, a bearing roller is involved in the contact problem of the finite element, so that the method has the defects of large calculation amount and low efficiency. When the structure of the whole model is analyzed, the actual load and deformation of the bearing can be ignored generally, the invention adopts different simplified modes for the bearings under different stress conditions, the bearing subjected to radial force only in the model is modeled by using a beam unit and a multipoint coupling unit, and the angular contact ball bearing subjected to axial force is modeled by using a rod unit and a body unit. On the basis of ensuring the consistency of the degree of freedom and the load transfer path with the original model, the number of grids is reduced, the calculation time is shortened, the calculation is easy on a common platform, and necessary conditions are provided for subsequent optimization. The structure dynamics result obtained by the invention is compared with the actual measurement result, and the result shows that the calculation result is reliable, and the simplification method is effective.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simplified equivalent system of a finite element model of a bearing provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in fig. 2: 1. constructing a module by a finite element module; 2. the radial force bearing simplified modeling module; 3. the axial force bearing simplified modeling module; 4. an inter-component constraint applying module; 5. a constraint boundary condition module; 6. a resolving output item setting module; 7. and a result display module.
FIG. 3 is a model diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
in fig. 3: 8. an antenna array plane; 9. a pitch axis; 10. a yoke; 11. a bottom shaft; 12. a base.
FIG. 4 is a simplified equivalent finite element model of a radial force bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a simplified equivalent finite element model of an axial force bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent simplified finite element cross-sectional model of an axially stressed bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a bearing load path of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a finite element modeling of a bearing using a conventional method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a finite element analysis of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a simplified equivalent method, a simplified equivalent system, a simplified equivalent medium, a simplified equivalent device and a simplified equivalent terminal for a bearing finite element model, and the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the simplified equivalent method of the finite element model of the bearing provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, simplifying the finite element model during modeling, eliminating unnecessary geometric characteristics in the finite element model, and modeling by using units such as a shell, a beam and the like as much as possible;
s102: for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
s103: for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
s104: connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, applying necessary boundary constraint and ensuring that a load transmission path is consistent with an original model;
s105: according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
s106: applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
s107: and (5) calculating the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
In the invention, the finite element model of the step S101 is established through a parametric language, the model is established by adopting shell units mostly, the model is established by adopting body units at the positions which do not meet the shell unit equivalent principle, different section parameters are given to each shell surface according to the actual structure, and ribs in the model are established by using beam units and are also given to different beam section parameters.
For the additional components which only provide load but have no influence on the rigidity, the shell elements are built into equal-mass and equal-volume shell element empty boxes and then connected into a finite element model through beam elements. Unnecessary geometric features such as bolt holes, small chamfers, small fillets and tool withdrawal grooves in the model are eliminated.
In the invention, the bearing in the step S102 is only acted by radial force, the simplified modeling is carried out through the multipoint coupling unit and the beam unit, a pair of space virtual nodes are established at the center of the bearing, and the nodes are restrained by the multipoint coupling unit and only the rotation around the axial direction of the bearing is released. One node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing outer ring mounting surface through a beam unit, the other node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing inner ring mounting surface, and the material property of the beam unit is given by information obtained by a bearing test.
The multipoint coupling unit is set as a rotary joint, namely, the constraint of the rotating directions of the inner ring beam and the outer ring beam around the shaft is released.
If the inner ring beam and the outer ring beam in the bearing simplified model are connected to form a body unit, a layer of shell unit needs to be divided on the surface of the body unit, and the freedom degree of the beam-body unit connection part is ensured to be matched.
In the present invention, the bearing of step S103 is an angular contact ball bearing and is simultaneously subjected to a radial force and an axial force, and the present invention simplifies a bearing model by a rod unit and a body unit. The inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are modeled by using the body unit, the roller is modeled by using the rod unit in a simplified mode, and the angular contact between the roller and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is simulated, so that the force transmission condition in the actual bearing is approximate.
The rod unit is directly connected with the body unit, and the rotational freedom degree of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is released by utilizing the characteristics that the rod unit has no rotational freedom degree and is only pulled and pressed.
And according to the number, the position and the size of the rollers in the actual bearing, cutting a section at the corresponding position of the finite element model, and adding a rod unit of the rollers to simplify the model.
And selecting point contact positions of rollers in the bearing according to the actual conditions of the structure at the specific connection positions of the rod units on the cross section so as to correspondingly connect the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing.
In the present invention, in step S104, in order to ensure the bearing axial load transmission path is accurate, the connection between the bearing and the rest of the structural components is simulated by connecting the finite element models of the bearing and the rest of the structural components by using the rigid regions. A certain node on the bearing mounting surface is selected as a master node, all nodes on the corresponding bearing axial direction are selected as slave nodes, and full constraint is realized between the master node and the slave node and load can be transferred.
In the present invention, in order to simulate the actual condition of the structure as truly as possible in step S105, the degree of freedom of the bearing inner and outer races around the shaft is released in the modeling process, and if the model is to be subjected to structural analysis, the degree of freedom of the corresponding shaft needs to be constrained at a corresponding position according to the actual model.
Those skilled in the art can also implement the method of simplifying the equivalent of the finite element model of the bearing according to the present invention by using other steps, and the method of simplifying the equivalent of the finite element model of the bearing according to the present invention shown in fig. 1 is only one specific example.
As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention provides a simplified equivalent system of a finite element bearing model, which comprises:
the finite element module building module 1 is used for building finite element models of other components except the bearing according to the actual structure;
the radial force bearing simplified modeling module 2 is used for carrying out simplified modeling on a bearing only subjected to radial force by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
the axial force bearing simplified modeling module 3 is used for simplifying and modeling the axial force bearing by adopting a body unit and a rod unit;
an inter-component constraint applying module 4 for connecting the bearing with the finite element models of the other components and applying necessary boundary constraints;
the constraint boundary condition module 5 is used for applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model according to actual working conditions;
a calculation output item setting module 6, which is used for applying an excitation load and setting a calculation output item;
and the result display module 7 is used for calculating the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention takes a radar antenna mount in the form of a yoke as an example, and the schematic structural diagram of an original model is shown in fig. 3, where a model main body includes an antenna array 8, a pitch axis 9, a yoke 10, a bottom axis 11, a base 12, and the like, and further includes a pitch bearing, an azimuth bearing, a motor, an encoder, and the like. The pitching axis group ensures the pitching motion of the antenna array surface, and the azimuth axis group ensures the azimuth motion of the antenna array surface.
The invention mainly aims at simplifying the original model, and comprises the simplified modeling of the structural part of the model, the simplified modeling of the bearing under different stress conditions and the simplified modeling of the additional part in the model, and the parts which are not described adopt the conventional technical means in the field to carry out finite element modeling.
The invention considers the subsequent optimization problem, and the model is established through ANSYS APDL language. In order to reduce the number of grids and the calculated amount, the model is modeled by using shell181 shell units as much as possible, only the places with the thickness not conforming to the shell unit equivalence principle are modeled by using the body units if the thickness of part of the axial surface is too large, and then the joints of the body units and the shell units are also divided into the shell units so as to ensure that the local degrees of freedom are consistent. In order to ensure that the gravity center position and the load of the model are consistent with those of the original model, additional components in the model are equivalent to shell unit empty boxes with equal mass and equal volume and are connected into the finite element model through beam units, such as power packs, antenna related components and the like, and some irregular components cannot be simplified into the empty boxes, the mass is attached into the model by modifying the density of mounting surfaces. The parts are connected by adopting beam units at corresponding connecting positions, and the geometrical characteristics of bolt holes, small chamfers, small fillets, tool withdrawal grooves and the like which have little influence on finite element analysis results are omitted. The above measures effectively control the number of finite element units within hundreds of thousands, which is far less than the number of units generated by solid modeling.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pitch bearing on the fork arm only bears radial load, the bearing simplification is shown in figure 4, a pair of space virtual nodes are established at the center of the bearing through simplified modeling of the MPC184 unit and the beam unit, and the nodes are restrained by the MPC184 unit and only release the rotation around the axial direction of the bearing. One node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing outer ring mounting surface through a beam unit, the other node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing inner ring mounting surface, the material property of the beam unit is given by information obtained by a bearing test, and the mass of all beams is equal to the actual bearing mass.
In the embodiment of the invention, the upper bearing of the bottom shaft is simultaneously subjected to radial load and axial load, the bearing simplification is shown in figure 5, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are respectively modeled by utilizing body units, and a rod unit simplified model of rollers is added according to the number and the positions of actual rollers in the model. The concrete connection position of the rod unit refers to the point contact position of a bearing roller in an actual model, the bearing in the embodiment is a four-point contact ball bearing, namely, the inner ring and the outer ring can be correspondingly connected through a pair of rod units, and therefore the force transmission condition inside the actual bearing is approximate. Because the rod unit has the characteristics of no rotational freedom and only tension and compression, the axial rotation of the bearing simplified model of the body-rod unit is not restricted.
In order to ensure the load transmission path of the finite element model to be accurate, a rigid area is added at the position of the azimuth bearing of the bottom shaft and is respectively connected with the base, the fork arm and the azimuth bearing, a certain node on the bearing installation surface is selected as a main node, and all nodes in the axial direction of the corresponding bearing are selected as slave nodes by the radius of the connecting bolt in order to prevent stress concentration. The force-bearing diagram of this part of the bearing is shown in fig. 6.
Because the pivoting freedom degrees of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing in the finite element model, namely the pitching motion of the array surface and the overall azimuth motion of the fork arm, are released, when the structure analysis is carried out on the model, the corresponding pivoting freedom degree constraint is added according to the actual model, namely the position of the azimuth and the pitching positioning piece. After the finite element model is completed, displacement constraint needs to be added on the base installation surface. And then modal analysis can be carried out, and the static and dynamic analysis results of structures such as harmonic response analysis, vibration analysis, power spectrum analysis and the like can be obtained by adding corresponding excitation and then solving. And (4) providing an optimization scheme according to the calculation result of the finite element model, and repeating the modeling process to obtain an optimization model meeting the design index. The modal analysis result of the embodiment is consistent with the test result of the actual model, and the reliability and effectiveness of the method can be proved.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the method compared with the traditional method, two methods are respectively adopted to establish the finite element model of the embodiment. And then, carrying out structural analysis on the structure under a certain working condition, wherein the embodiment does not rotate in the working state, so that the roller is considered to be in point contact with the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, and only slightly slides relatively.
In the invention, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing subjected to axial force are modeled by using the body unit and divided into hexahedral meshes by adopting a mapping mode, and the roller is modeled by using the rod unit and freely divided into meshes. And only the radial force bearing adopts a beam unit for modeling, and the grids are freely divided.
In the traditional modeling method, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing and the roller are modeled by body units, the inner ring and the outer ring adopt a mapping mode to divide grids, and the roller adopts free grids. Each roller is arranged to be respectively contacted with the inner ring and the outer ring, the contact surface is a roller solid surface, and the target surface is the inner surface of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, as shown in figure 8.
After the boundary condition under a certain working condition is added, the first four-order fundamental frequencies of the two models are respectively solved, as shown in fig. 9, and a first-order modal comparison analysis is taken, as shown in tables 2 and 3:
TABLE 2 first four-order frequency of structure obtained by two methods
TABLE 3 comparison of conventional bearing modeling methods with the present invention in this example
Therefore, the method reduces the number of bearing units, improves the analysis efficiency, and basically maintains the structural characteristics of the model.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD-or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier, for example. The apparatus and its modules of the present invention may be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., or by software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of hardware circuits and software, e.g., firmware.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bearing finite element model simplification equivalent method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model during modeling;
for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint;
according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
2. The simplified equivalent method of the finite element model of the bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the finite element model of the simplified equivalent method of the finite element model of the bearing is established by a parameterized language, the model is established by shell elements, the model is established by body elements when the shell element equivalence principle is not satisfied, different section parameters are given to each shell surface according to the actual structure, and the ribs in the model are established by beam elements and also given to different beam section parameters;
for the additional components which only provide load and have no influence on the rigidity, the additional components are established into shell unit empty boxes with equal mass and equal volume and then connected into a finite element model through beam units; the geometrical characteristics of a bolt hole, a small chamfer, a small fillet and a tool withdrawal groove in the model are eliminated.
3. The simplified equivalent method of the finite element model of the bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simplified equivalent method of the finite element model of the bearing is to simply model the bearing subjected to only radial force through a multipoint coupling unit and a beam unit, a pair of spatial virtual nodes are established at the center of the bearing, and the nodes are constrained by the multipoint coupling unit to release rotation around the axial direction of the bearing; one node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing outer ring mounting surface through a beam unit, the other node is connected with a circle of nodes on the bearing inner ring mounting surface, and the material property of the beam unit is given by information obtained by a bearing test.
4. A simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing as set forth in claim 3, further comprising:
1) setting the multipoint coupling unit as a rotary joint, namely releasing the inner and outer beams to rotate around a shaft;
2) if the bearing simplified model is a body unit formed by connecting an inner ring beam and an outer ring beam, a layer of shell unit is divided on the surface of the body unit, and the freedom degree of the beam-body unit connection part is ensured to be matched.
5. The simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing simplifies a bearing model by a rod unit and a body unit for an angular contact ball bearing which is subjected to both radial force and axial force; the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are modeled by using the body unit, the roller is modeled by using the rod unit in a simplified way, and the angular contact between the roller and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is simulated to approximate the force transmission condition in the actual bearing;
further comprising:
1) the rod unit is directly connected with the body unit, and the rotational freedom of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is released by utilizing the characteristic that the rod unit has no rotational freedom and is only pulled and pressed;
2) according to the number, position and size of rollers in the actual bearing, cutting a section at a corresponding position of the finite element model, and adding a rod unit simplified model of the rollers;
3) the specific connecting position of the rod unit on the cross section refers to the point contact position of the roller in the actually selected bearing, so that the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are correspondingly connected.
6. The simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing as set forth in claim 1, wherein the simplified equivalent method of a finite element model of a bearing utilizes a rigid zone to connect the finite element model of the bearing and the remaining components to simulate the connection of the bearing to the remaining components of the structure; selecting a certain node on the bearing mounting surface as a master node, and all nodes in the axial direction of the corresponding bearing as slave nodes, wherein the master node and the slave nodes are fully constrained and can transfer loads;
and the bearing finite element model simplifying equivalent method is used for carrying out structural analysis on the model, and the corresponding pivoting freedom degree is restrained at the corresponding position according to the actual model.
7. A computer device, characterized in that the computer device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of:
establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model during modeling;
for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint;
according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
establishing a finite element model of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure, and equivalently simplifying the finite element model during modeling;
for the bearing only subjected to radial force, simplifying and modeling by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
for the bearing subjected to axial force, a body unit and a rod unit are adopted to simplify modeling;
connecting the bearing with finite element models of other components, and applying boundary constraint;
according to the actual working condition, applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model;
applying an excitation load, and setting a resolving output item;
and resolving the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
9. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal is used for realizing the simplified equivalent method of the bearing finite element model as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A bearing finite element model simplified equivalence system for implementing the bearing finite element model simplified equivalence method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bearing finite element model simplified equivalence system comprises:
the finite element module building module is used for building finite element models of other parts except the bearing according to the actual structure;
the radial force bearing simplified modeling module is used for carrying out simplified modeling on a bearing only subjected to radial force by adopting a multi-point coupling unit and a beam unit;
the axial force bearing simplified modeling module is used for simplifying and modeling the axial force bearing by adopting a body unit and a rod unit;
the constraint applying module between the components is used for connecting the bearing and the finite element models of the other components and applying necessary boundary constraint;
the constraint boundary condition module is used for applying corresponding constraint boundary conditions to the finite element model according to actual working conditions;
the calculation output item setting module is used for applying an excitation load and setting a calculation output item;
and the result display module is used for calculating the simplified finite element model and displaying a corresponding result.
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