CN112433218A - Method for realizing conformal array virtual baffle for ship - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/537—Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures, e.g. jamming, anti-jamming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing a ship conformal array virtual baffle, and belongs to the field of sonar array signal processing. Determining the array element position of the conformal array; constructing a triple structure; respectively calculating the phase control coefficients of the single-array element conformal array and the triple group; synthesizing a total phase control coefficient; and performing phase compensation on the received signal. According to the invention, a triple structure is constructed, and a phase control mode is adopted, so that a receiving array forms a unidirectional array element, thereby forming a soft shadow mask. The invention solves the defect that the physical baffle blocks the transmitted sound wave energy, can effectively inhibit the backward noise and interference, and has simple and feasible method and easy engineering realization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sonar array signal processing, in particular to a method for realizing a ship conformal array virtual baffle.
Background
The surface ship shell sonar is one of main equipment for detecting the submarine by the surface ship, and is generally arranged in a flow guide cover of a bulbous bow. The traditional naval sonar mainly adopts a cylindrical arrangement mode. In order to reduce the resistance and flow noise of ship navigation, a ship bow air guide sleeve is usually designed in a long and narrow shape, the aperture and the working frequency of a cylindrical array are limited during design, and the acting distance and the effect of a sonar are directly influenced. The conformal array is a novel array form, can make full use of the longitudinal space of the air guide sleeve, and increases the aperture of the acoustic array, thereby improving the positioning precision and the acting distance of the sonar.
The ship-borne conformal array sonar generally adopts a receiving and transmitting separately-arranged mode, and a transmitting array consists of high-energy-density transmitting transducers and is arranged in the middle of a conformal receiving array. In order not to affect the transmission efficiency of the transmitting array, the receiving array cannot use the sound baffle. However, if the baffle is not used, the backward noise and interference cannot be blocked, so that the sound field is very complicated.
Therefore, finding a method which is easy to realize in engineering and can not only transmit sound but also play a role of a baffle is a practical problem which needs to be solved urgently for ship conformal array sonars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing a ship conformal array virtual baffle, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for realizing a ship conformal array virtual baffle, which comprises the following steps:
determining the array element position of the conformal array;
constructing a triple structure;
respectively calculating the phase control coefficients of the single-array element conformal array and the triple group;
synthesizing a total phase control coefficient;
and performing phase compensation on the received signal.
Optionally, determining the array element position of the conformal array includes:
designing array distribution parameters of the conformal array through analysis of a directional function and array gain under an isotropic noise field, wherein the array distribution parameters comprise an array type, the number of array elements and the spacing between the array elements;
and (2) calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all array elements by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the ith array element as: r isi＝(si,yi,zi) N, N ranges from positive integers, i 1.
Optionally, constructing the triple structure includes:
expanding a single array element into a triple by taking each array element as a center;
calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all the array elements of the triple structure by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the jth array element of the ith triple as follows: r isi,j＝(x,y,z),i＝1,…,N；j＝1,2,3。
Optionally, calculating the phase control coefficient of the single-element conformal array includes:
assuming that the maximum direction of the main lobe of the beam to be formed is
Theta is the azimuth angle and theta is the azimuth angle,
is a pitch angle; let its unit vector be:
thus the ith array element is
The path difference of the sound wave in the direction with respect to the reference point can be expressed as:
thus, the ith array element is
The phase difference of the sound waves in the direction with respect to the reference point is:
wherein λ represents a wavelength;
thus, it is formed
And the phase control coefficient of the ith array element is as follows:
optionally, calculating the phase control coefficients of the triplets includes:
according to the constructed triple structure, assuming that the coordinates of the kth array element are on the reference point O, the positions of the three array elements of the triple are respectively:
d is the side length of the triplet structure;
let the phase shift be respectively
Where f is the operating frequency and c represents the speed of sound in water; the triplet may form a cardioid directivity pointing to the x-axis;
the phase control coefficient of the triplet is therefore:
Optionally, the synthesizing the total phase control coefficient includes:
for each array element of the triple structure, the phase control coefficient is the product of the phase control coefficient of the single array element and the phase control coefficient of the triple, so that the phase control coefficient of the jth array element of the ith triple is:
ωij＝ωi*ω0(j)i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3。
optionally, the phase compensating the received signal includes:
firstly, performing K-point fast Fourier transform on signals received by each array element, and transforming the array element signals from a time domain to a frequency domain:
[Xij(0),Xij(1),···Xij(K-1)]＝FFT(xij(t))i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3
x represents a time domain signal, and X represents a frequency domain signal; then the signal components of the corresponding frequencies are multiplied by the corresponding phase control coefficients respectively, the summation is carried out to obtain the frequency domain signals after the wave beam formation,
and finally, performing fast Fourier inverse transformation on the frequency domain wave beam signal to obtain a time domain wave beam signal:
y(t)＝IFFT([y(0),Y(1),...,Y(K-1)])。
in the method for realizing the ship conformal array virtual baffle, provided by the invention, the array element position of the conformal array is determined; constructing a triple structure; respectively calculating the phase control coefficients of the single-array element conformal array and the triple group; synthesizing a total phase control coefficient; and performing phase compensation on the received signal. According to the invention, a triple structure is constructed, and a phase control mode is adopted, so that a receiving array forms a unidirectional array element, thereby forming a soft shadow mask. The invention solves the defect that the physical baffle blocks the transmitted sound wave energy, can effectively inhibit the backward noise and interference, and has simple and feasible method and easy engineering realization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a horseshoe conformal array;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a triplet structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cardioid directivity diagram of a triad;
fig. 4 is a conformal array horizontal beam pattern.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a method for implementing a ship-based conformal array virtual shadow mask according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
The invention provides a method for realizing a ship conformal array virtual baffle, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining array element positions of a conformal array:
aiming at an installation platform and actual requirements of a conformal array, designing array distribution parameters of the conformal array by analyzing a directional function and array gain in an isotropic noise field on the basis of considering engineering realizability and fully utilizing space, wherein the array distribution parameters comprise an array type, the number of array elements and the spacing of the array elements; and (2) calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all array elements by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the ith array element as: r isi＝(si,yi,zi) N, N is a positive integer.
A typical horseshoe conformal array is shown in fig. 1.
and expanding the single array element into a triple by taking each array element as a center. Assuming that the array element is at O point, the structure of the triplet after the array element is expanded is shown in fig. 2. The three array elements (i.e. H1, H2, H3) form an equilateral triangle, where the side length d is one sixth of the wavelength, and the installation is performed such that the line connecting the array element 1 (i.e. H1) and the array element 2 (i.e. H2) is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the conformal array at that point.
Calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all the array elements of the triple structure by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the jth array element of the ith triple as follows: r isi,j＝(x,y,z),i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3。
Step 3, calculating the phase control coefficients of the single-array element conformal array and the triple group respectively:
the first step, calculating the phase control coefficient of the single-element conformal array comprises:
assuming that the maximum direction of the main lobe of the beam to be formed is
Theta is the azimuth angle and theta is the azimuth angle,
is a pitch angle; let its unit vector be:
thus the ith array element is
The path difference of the sound wave in the direction with respect to the reference point can be expressed as:
thus, the ith array element is
The phase difference of the sound waves in the direction with respect to the reference point is:
wherein λ represents a wavelength;
thus, it is formed
And the phase control coefficient of the ith array element is as follows:
in a second step, calculating the phase control coefficients of the triplets comprises:
according to the constructed triple structure, assuming that the coordinates of the kth array element are on the reference point O, the positions of the three array elements of the triple are respectively:
d is the side length of the triplet structure;
let the phase shift be respectively
Where f is the operating frequency and c represents the speed of sound in water; the triad may form a cardioid directivity pointing to the x-axis as shown in fig. 3;
the phase control coefficient of the triplet is therefore:
for each array element of the triple structure, the phase control coefficient is the product of the phase control coefficient of the single array element and the phase control coefficient of the triple, so that the phase control coefficient of the jth array element of the ith triple is:
ωij＝ωi*ω0(j)i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3。
and 5, performing phase compensation on the received signal:
firstly, performing K-point fast Fourier transform on signals received by each array element, and transforming the array element signals from a time domain to a frequency domain:
[Xij(0),Xij(1),···Xij(K-1)]＝FFT(xij(t))i＝1,,,N；j＝1,2,3
x denotes a time domain signal and X denotes a frequency domain signal. Then the signal components of the corresponding frequencies are multiplied by the corresponding phase control coefficients respectively, the summation is carried out to obtain the frequency domain signals after the wave beam formation,
and finally, performing fast Fourier inverse transformation on the frequency domain wave beam signal to obtain a time domain wave beam signal:
y(t)＝IFFT([y(0),Y(1),...,Y(K-1)])。
the horizontal 90-degree direction receiving beam pattern of the conformal array processed by the steps is shown in fig. 4, compared with the conventional processing, the method can obviously inhibit signals in the direction opposite to 270 degrees, and has the effect similar to a physical mask.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for realizing a ship-based conformal array virtual mask is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the array element position of the conformal array;
constructing a triple structure;
respectively calculating the phase control coefficients of the single-array element conformal array and the triple group;
synthesizing a total phase control coefficient;
and performing phase compensation on the received signal.
2. The method for implementing the conformal array virtual mask for the vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein determining the array element position of the conformal array comprises:
designing array distribution parameters of the conformal array through analysis of a directional function and array gain under an isotropic noise field, wherein the array distribution parameters comprise an array type, the number of array elements and the spacing between the array elements;
and (2) calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all array elements by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the ith array element as: r isi＝(si,yi,zi) I is 1, …, and N is a positive integer.
3. The method for implementing the conformal array virtual mask for the vessel as recited in claim 2, wherein the constructing the triad structure comprises:
expanding a single array element into a triple by taking each array element as a center;
calculating three-dimensional coordinates of all the array elements of the triple structure by taking one of the array elements as a reference point, and setting the position coordinate of the jth array element of the ith triple as follows: r isi,j＝(x,y,z),i＝1,…,N；j＝1,2,3。
4. The method for implementing the marine conformal array virtual shadow mask of claim 3, wherein calculating the phase control coefficient of the single-element conformal array comprises:
assuming that the maximum direction of the main lobe of the beam to be formed is
Theta is the azimuth angle and theta is the azimuth angle,
is a pitch angle; let its unit vector be:
thus the ith array element is
The path difference of the sound wave in the direction with respect to the reference point can be expressed as:
thus, the ith array element is
The phase difference of the sound waves in the direction with respect to the reference point is:
wherein λ represents a wavelength;
thus, it is formed
And the phase control coefficient of the ith array element is as follows:
5. the method of claim 4, wherein calculating the phase control coefficients of the triplets comprises:
according to the constructed triple structure, assuming that the coordinates of the kth array element are on the reference point O, the positions of the three array elements of the triple are respectively:
d is the side length of the triplet structure;
let the phase shift be respectively
Where f is the operating frequency and c represents the speed of sound in water; the triplet may form a cardioid directivity pointing to the x-axis;
the phase control coefficient of the triplet is therefore:
6. The method of claim 5, wherein synthesizing the overall phase control coefficient comprises:
for each array element of the triple structure, the phase control coefficient is the product of the phase control coefficient of the single array element and the phase control coefficient of the triple, so that the phase control coefficient of the jth array element of the ith triple is:
ωij＝ωi*ω0(j)i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3。
7. the method of claim 6, wherein the phase compensating the received signal comprises:
firstly, performing K-point fast Fourier transform on signals received by each array element, and transforming the array element signals from a time domain to a frequency domain:
[Xij(0),Xij(1),…Xij(K-1)]＝FFT(xij(t))i＝1,，,N；j＝1,2,3
x represents a time domain signal, and X represents a frequency domain signal; then the signal components of the corresponding frequencies are multiplied by the corresponding phase control coefficients respectively, the summation is carried out to obtain the frequency domain signals after the wave beam formation,
and finally, performing fast Fourier inverse transformation on the frequency domain wave beam signal to obtain a time domain wave beam signal:
y(t)＝IFFT([y(0),Y(1),...,Y(K-1)])。
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