CN112433003A - Three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of T-shaped structural part - Google Patents
Three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of T-shaped structural part Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of a T-shaped structural part, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of firstly, modeling the T-shaped structural part; secondly, simulating a probe; thirdly, classifying the detection surfaces; fourthly, calculating sound rays; fifthly, simulating defects; and sixthly, simulating a sound field. The invention has high calculation speed, can fully utilize the performance of equipment, greatly reduces the simulation time and improves the simulation efficiency. The method is developed on the basis of a basic theory, and is combined with a three-dimensional space environment, so that the accuracy of a simulation result is conveniently verified. The method starts from the angles of a workpiece, a probe, a defect, a sound ray and a sound field with a T-shaped structure, combines the actual detection condition, and has very important guiding significance for the evaluation of an ultrasonic detection result and the design of an ultrasonic detection process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power detection equipment, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of a T-shaped structural member.
Background
At present, the three-dimensional simulation can only adopt a fuzzy algorithm and an AI algorithm, the calculation accuracy of the fuzzy algorithm is too low because the fuzzy algorithm is not combined with a three-dimensional space environment, and although the AI algorithm can improve a certain calculation accuracy, the calculation speed is too low, the equipment performance cannot be fully utilized, and the simulation time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient and accurate three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of a T-shaped structural part.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of a T-shaped structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps,
modeling a T-shaped structure: abstracting the T-shaped structural body, setting parameters, calculating a vertex and a triangular surface, generating a three-dimensional grid and rendering;
secondly, probe simulation: abstracting the probe, realizing probe parameterization, carrying out parameterization modeling according to the parameters of the probe, and rendering in a three-dimensional space;
thirdly, classification of detection surfaces: classifying all detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure, and defining the position and the scanning range of the probe;
sound ray calculation: calculating the paths of the ultrasonic sound rays generated, generated and reflected according to the information of the workpiece and the probe, and rendering the ultrasonic sound rays in a three-dimensional space;
fifthly, defect simulation: abstracting and classifying workpiece defects, dividing the workpiece defects into area defects and transverse through hole defects, defining the positions and angles of the defects, and realizing rendering of the defects in a three-dimensional space;
sixth, sound field simulation: and analyzing the sound field simulation data, rendering the simulation data in a three-dimensional space, and checking the sound ray simulation results one by one.
Preferably, the part transversely arranged at the upper end of the T-shaped mechanism is defined as a crown body, the part vertical to the crown body is defined as a cylinder, and the T-shaped structure parameters are defined in the following mode in the step one: the T-shaped crown body has a width a, a height b, a length c, a width d, a height e and a thickness f, wherein the length of the T-shaped crown body extending out of the right side of the T-shaped main body is c; setting the left side point of the T-shaped crown body as a zero point; taking the width direction of the crown body as an X axis, the height direction of the crown body as a Y axis, and the thickness direction of the T-shaped structural body as a Z axis; setting a vertex containing position and direction information according to the established coordinate system, wherein the direction information is specified as the normal direction of the point; dividing the T-shaped body according to the vertical plane of the T-shaped body, and totally having 48 vertexes; first storing 8 points of the left-side point in a counterclockwise direction, each point comprising 3 directions, for 24 points; then storing 8 points of right points, wherein each point comprises 3 directions and has 24 points; a total of 48 points; calculating the position of the vertex according to the set parameters and the zero point; newly building a matrix V, and storing the positions of all vertexes of the T-shaped body; newly building a matrix N, wherein the length of the matrix N is consistent with that of the matrix A; the normal line, namely the direction, corresponding to the matrix A is stored; the two coplanar surfaces of the crown body and the main body of the T-shaped structure are set as a bottom surface and a top surface, the uppermost corner of the crown body positioned on the left side is set as a point No. 1, each corner is calibrated in the clockwise direction and is respectively a point No. 1-8, and the bottom surface or the top surface can be divided into four triangular surfaces according to the calibrated points, namely: 8 triangular faces (3, 2, 1), triangular faces (3, 1, 8), triangular faces (5, 4, 7), triangular faces (5, 7, 6), bottom face and top face; setting a broken line formed by 2 points in the T-shaped structure as a side surface; the T-shaped structure thus has 8 sides; each side surface comprises 2 triangular surfaces, and 16 triangular surfaces are formed in total; the T-shaped structures are formed by 24 triangular surfaces in total; newly building a matrix T with the length of 24 x 3, and storing information forming a triangular surface, wherein the stored values are the sequence of vertexes in the V matrix; generating a grid, based on the matrix V, N, T, a three-dimensional grid may be generated; rendering the T structure in a three-dimensional engine according to the generated three-dimensional grid
In the second step, the wedge parameters of the probe comprise the length of the probe, the height of the probe, the width of the probe and the angle of the probe; the zero position of the probe is set. The zero point position of the probe is the center of the bottom surface of the probe; calculating the positions of all the top points of the probe according to the wedge block parameters of the probe; and establishing a three-dimensional grid according to a parameterized modeling rule.
Optimally, defining a detection surface, and dividing the position of a probe side according to the form of a T structure, wherein 10 detection surfaces exist in the T structure; setting a detection program for each detection surface; setting 10 detection programs in total, and setting a number for each detection surface; defining a normal vector of a detection surface; the detection range of the detection surface; a positioning method of the probe position in the detection program; locking a shaft; taking the center of the detection surface as a detection zero point, wherein the space coordinate of the zero point is V0; defining input information by the zero point; locking a Y axis, wherein the input value of the X axis is X (-a, a), and the input value of the Z axis is Y (-c, c); converting into three-dimensional space coordinates V = V0 + (x,0, y) according to the input values; and acquiring parameters of the probe according to the setting, wherein the orientation of the probe is the direction obtained after the probe rotates anticlockwise for a certain probe angle around the normal line of the probe, namely the included angle between the orientation of the probe and the scanning direction is the probe angle.
Optimally, setting a detection surface, a probe position and a probe orientation, wherein the normal of the probe is the normal of the detection surface; calculating the vector of the sound ray by the angle between the normal line of the probe and the probe; on the detection surface, the probe rotates around the normal line by a set probe angle; three points relating to the probe sound line are calculated on the probe: position point V0, probe top front edge midpoint V1, probe front edge midpoint V2; based on V0, V1 and V2, a three-dimensional space plane P is obtained according to the anticlockwise direction, and sound ray calculation is carried out on the three-dimensional space plane; calculating the plane normal N1; the probe front edge midpoint V2 is rotated around a plane normal N1 to obtain a point V3 (V3-V0) which is subjected to unitization after being rotated to obtain a wedge internal sound ray vector U1; the probe front edge midpoint V2 is rotated around a plane normal N1 to obtain a point V4 (V4-V0), and the point V4 is unitized, namely a wedge block internal sound ray vector U2; determining a ray R1 according to the position point V0 and the vector U1; the point where R1 intersects the wedge slope plane is the launch point V5; connecting the V0 and the V5, namely the emission line L1 of the probe in the wedge block; determining an emergent sound ray R2 according to the position point V0 and the vector U2; traversing other detection surfaces except the current detection surface of the T-shaped structure, and judging whether an intersection point exists between the other detection surfaces and R2; obtaining the position of an intersection point V7; judging whether the intersection point is in the plane PN or not, and judging whether the x, y and z values of the point are in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane according to the judgment; the intersection point meeting the condition is a reflection point, and the connection between V0 and V7 is the sound ray L2 emitted by the probe; calculating reflected sound rays and twice reflecting points, and calculating the reflected sound rays and the twice reflecting points according to the injection point V7 and the normal N2 and the normal U2 of the plane PN where the V7 is located; then calculating the vector of the reflected sound ray to obtain a reverse vector U3, U3 = -U2 of the incident sound ray; calculating the included angle between U3 and N2 to be A2, and then the included angle between the reflection line and U3 to be A3 = A2 x 2; constructing a reflecting plane according to U3 and N2, and V7, and obtaining a normal N3 of the plane; rotating around N3 by an angle A3, namely a vector U4 of the reflected sound ray; u4 and V7, forming a reflected sound ray R4; calculating the intersection points of the reflection lines and other surfaces, traversing other detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure except the reflection surface, and judging whether the intersection point V9 exists with R4; obtaining the intersection point position, judging whether the V9 is in the plane PN, and judging whether the X, Y and Z values of the point are all in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane according to the judgment that the point meets the condition V9, namely a twice reflection point, and connecting V7 and V9, namely a reflection line L3; sound rays L1, L2, and L3 are drawn in accordance with the recorded points V5, V0, V7, and V9.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has high calculation speed, can fully utilize the performance of equipment, greatly reduces the simulation time and improves the simulation efficiency. The method is developed on the basis of a basic theory, and is combined with a three-dimensional space environment, so that the accuracy of a simulation result is conveniently verified. The method starts from the angles of a workpiece, a probe, a defect, a sound ray and a sound field with a T-shaped structure, combines the actual detection condition, and has very important guiding significance for the evaluation of an ultrasonic detection result and the design of an ultrasonic detection process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of abstraction and parameterization of a T-shaped structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the location of a zero point and the orientation definition in three-dimensional space;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the triangularization rule of a T-shaped structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a parameterization of the probe;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the definition of probe position and orientation on the detection surface.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings to which:
as shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic inspection of T-shaped structural members comprises the following steps,
modeling a T-shaped structure: abstracting the T-shaped structural body, setting parameters, calculating a vertex and a triangular surface, generating a three-dimensional grid and rendering;
secondly, probe simulation: abstracting the probe, realizing probe parameterization, carrying out parameterization modeling according to the parameters of the probe, and rendering in a three-dimensional space;
thirdly, classification of detection surfaces: classifying all detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure, and defining the position and the scanning range of the probe;
sound ray calculation: calculating the paths of the ultrasonic sound rays generated, generated and reflected according to the information of the workpiece and the probe, and rendering the ultrasonic sound rays in a three-dimensional space;
fifthly, defect simulation: abstracting and classifying workpiece defects, dividing the workpiece defects into area defects and transverse through hole defects, defining the positions and angles of the defects, and realizing rendering of the defects in a three-dimensional space;
sixth, sound field simulation: and analyzing the sound field simulation data, rendering the simulation data in a three-dimensional space, and checking the sound ray simulation results one by one.
In particular to
The specific mode of modeling the T-shaped structure body is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 2, abstraction and parameterization of a T-shaped structure
a: width of T-shaped crown
b: height of crown of T-shaped body
c: length of T-shaped crown body extending out of right side of T-shaped main body
d: width of T-shaped body
e: height of T-shaped column
f: thickness of T-shaped body
(1) Setting parameters
The workpiece was parameterised as shown in fig. 2. A parameter boundary description. There are cases where the parameter boundary is 0; if the D value is zero, the T-shaped body grows into a cuboid; when the C value is zero or (A-D), the C value becomes a right angle body; the method meets the simulation of the cuboid and the right-angle body.
(2) Computing vertices
And setting a zero point as a point on the left side of the T-shaped structure. As shown in fig. 3, the arrangement direction is the X axis in the direction of the crown, the Y axis in the direction of the crown, and the Z axis in the thickness direction of the structure. Setting vertexes, wherein one vertex comprises position and direction information; the direction information specifies the normal direction of the point. Dividing the T-shaped body according to the vertical plane of the T-shaped body, and totally having 48 vertexes; first storing 8 points of the left-side point in a counterclockwise direction, each point comprising 3 directions, for 24 points; then storing 8 points of right points, wherein each point comprises 3 directions and has 24 points; a total of 48 points; calculating the position of the vertex according to the set parameters and the zero point; a matrix V is newly created, since the positions of all the vertices of the T-shaped body are stored. Newly building a matrix N, wherein the length of the matrix N is consistent with that of the matrix A; for storing the corresponding normal, i.e. direction, of the matrix a.
(3) Calculating triangle surface
As shown in fig. 4, the bottom and top surfaces are calculated; then, the side faces are calculated, and a triangular face is formed by three vertexes in a counterclockwise direction. The bottom and top surfaces are calculated. As shown in the above figures, one bottom surface or one top surface is composed of 4 triangular surfaces, which are (3, 2, 1), (3, 1, 8), (5, 4, 7), (5, 7, 6), respectively. Bottom surface and top surface, total 8 triangular surfaces. Setting a broken line formed by 2 points in the T-shaped structure as a side surface; the T-shaped structure thus has 8 sides; each side surface comprises 2 triangular surfaces, 16 triangular surfaces are combined, and the T-shaped structure is formed by 24 triangular surfaces. A matrix T is newly created with a length of 24 x 3, and information constituting a triangular surface is stored, and the stored values are in the order of vertices in the V matrix.
(4) Generating a mesh
Based on the matrix V, N, T, a three-dimensional mesh may be generated; rendering the T structure in a three-dimensional engine according to the generated three-dimensional grid;
second, probe simulation
(1) Parameterization of probe
As shown in fig. 5, the wedge parameters of the probe include the length of the probe, the height of the probe, the width of the probe, the angle of the probe, and the influence of the material of the probe on the sound velocity.
(2) Parametric modeling of a probe
Setting the zero position of the probe as the center of the bottom surface of the probe, calculating the positions of the top points of the probe according to the wedge parameters of the probe, and establishing a three-dimensional grid according to a parameterized modeling rule
Third, classification of the detected surface
(1) Definition of the detection surface
The positions of the detection sides are divided according to the form of the T structure, the T structure has 10 detection surfaces in total, the condition of boundary parameters is fully considered, one detection program is set for each detection surface, 10 detection programs are set in total, one number is set for each detection surface, and the detection surfaces are selected according to requirements.
(2) The detection program related information relates to: detecting a normal vector of the surface; the detection range of the detection surface; a positioning method of the probe position in the detection program; one shaft is locked. The center of the detection plane is used as a detection zero point, the space coordinate of the zero point is V0, the zero point is used for defining input information, such as locking Y axis, the input value of X axis is X (-a, a), the input value of Z axis is Y (-c, c), according to the input value, converting into three-dimensional space coordinate, V = V0 + (X,0, Y)
(3) Parameters of the probe
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the probe is oriented in a direction obtained by rotating the probe counterclockwise by a certain probe angle around the normal line of the probe. I.e. the angle between the probe orientation and the scanning direction is the probe angle.
Fourth, sound ray calculation
(1) Setting a detection surface, a probe position and a probe orientation. Selecting a detection surface according to requirements; setting the position of the probe; setting the angle of the probe through a text box; the angle of the probe is an angle rotated counterclockwise by taking the normal line of the probe as an axis.
(2) The probe normal is calculated. The normal of the probe is the normal of the detection surface
(3) The vector of the first pass ray is calculated. And calculating the vector of the sound ray according to the angle between the normal line of the probe and the probe. On the detection surface, the probe rotates around the normal line by a set probe angle; three points relating to the probe sound line are calculated on the probe: position point V0, probe top front edge midpoint V1, probe front edge midpoint V2; based on the 3 points, obtaining a three-dimensional space plane P according to the anticlockwise direction, wherein the sound ray is calculated in the three-dimensional space plane; calculating the plane normal N1; the probe front edge midpoint V2 is rotated around a plane normal N1 to obtain a point V3 (V3-V0) which is subjected to unitization after being rotated to obtain a wedge internal sound ray vector U1; the probe front edge middle point V2 is converted into a point V4 obtained by rotating a refraction angle around a plane normal N1, (V4-V0) and then is unitized, namely a wedge internal sound ray vector U2.
(4) And calculating the sound ray emission point. Determining a ray R1 according to the position point V0 and the vector U1; the point where R1 intersects the wedge slope plane is the launch point V5; the joint between V0 and V5 is the launch line L1 of the probe in the wedge.
(5) Calculating the sound ray and reflection point
Determining an emergent sound ray R2 according to the position point V0 and the vector U2; traversing other detection surfaces except the current detection surface of the T-shaped structure, and judging whether an intersection point exists between the other detection surfaces and R2; calculating the intersection point of the ray and the plane in the three-dimensional space; taking a ray R2 and a bottom plane PN of a T-shaped structure as an example, calculating a projection point V6 of a V0 point on the PN, obtaining a projection line R3 according to V0 and V6, calculating an angle A1 between R1 and R3, and if the angle is equal to 90 points, indicating that R2 is parallel to the PN and does not meet the intersection point requirement; otherwise, carrying out next judgment, obtaining the distance between the V0 and the V6, dividing the distance by the cosine value of A1 to obtain the distance dis1 from the point V0 to the intersection point, and obtaining the position of the intersection point: v7 = V0 + U2 dis 1; judging whether the V7 is in the plane PN, and judging that the x, y and z values of the point are all in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane; the intersection point V7 satisfying the condition is a reflection point; the connection between V0 and V7 is the sound ray L2 emitted by the probe
(6) Calculating reflected sound ray and twice reflection point
Calculating a reflected sound ray and a secondary reflection point according to the injection point V7 and normal lines N2 and U2 of a plane PN where the V7 is located; calculating the vector of the reflected sound ray; obtaining a backward vector U3, U3 = -U2 of the incident sound ray; calculating the included angle between U3 and N2 to be A2, and then the included angle between the reflection line and U3 to be A3 = A2 x 2; constructing a reflecting plane according to U3 and N2, and V7, and obtaining a normal N3 of the plane; rotating around N3 by an angle A3, namely a vector U4 of the reflected sound ray; u4 and V7, forming a reflected sound ray R4; calculating the intersection points of the reflection lines and other surfaces, traversing other detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure except the reflection surface, and judging whether the intersection points exist with R4, wherein the intersection point calculation method of the ray and the plane in the three-dimensional space comprises the following steps: take ray R4 and T-shaped structure bottom plane PN as an example; calculating a projection point V8 of the V7 point on the PN; obtaining a projection line R5 according to V7 and V8; calculating an angle A4 between R4 and R5, and if the angle is equal to 90 points, indicating that R2 is parallel to PN and does not meet the intersection point requirement; otherwise, carrying out the next judgment; obtaining the distance between the two points according to V7 and V8, and dividing the distance by the cosine value of A4 to obtain the distance dis2 from the V7 point to the intersection point; obtaining intersection positions: v9 = V7 + U4 dis2; judging whether the V9 is in the plane PN, and judging that the x, y and z values of the point are all in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane; v9 satisfying the condition, which is a twice reflection point; the connections V7 and V9 are the reflection lines L3.
(7) And drawing sound lines. Sound rays L1, L2, and L3 are drawn in accordance with the recorded points V5, V0, V7, and V9.
(8) Parameters are updated in real time, and sound rays are also updated and changed in real time.
Defect simulation
(1) The type of defect. The defects applicable to the invention comprise transverse through holes and area type defects.
(2) The number of defects. In performing a simulation calculation once, a variety of multiple defects may be added.
(3) And designing defect parameters. For the transverse through hole defect, parameters including defect length and defect radius are included, for the area type defect, the parameters including length, width and height are included, the unit of defect parameter design is millimeter, and the parameter is converted into meter for calculation in an actual three-dimensional space.
(4) The defect position is defined by taking the zero point of the space as a reference of the defect, namely the position of the defect is fixed and is not changed by the change of the detection surface. The angle of the defect in three-dimensional space, defined by the surrounding direction based on the xyz axis, can be translated into the corresponding normal direction and tangential direction. The defect must be set in the T-shaped body, and the function is realized by a parameter constraint method.
(5) And displaying the defects. A universal cylinder is adopted to represent the defects of the transverse through holes; a cuboid is used to represent the area type defect. The position, the direction and the size are instantiated according to the set parameters.
(6) Feedback of defects to sound rays.
When the defect is set in the process, whether the sound ray hits the defect or not is preferentially considered in consideration of the defect in the T-shaped body; if the defect is not hit, judging whether the defect is hit to other detection surfaces; reflection rule of sound ray on cuboid defect: traversing all the surfaces, and judging whether the sound ray hits the surface with the defect, wherein the meeting condition is that the intersection point of the sound ray and the surface is within the range of the surface, and the normal angle of the sound ray and the surface is less than 90 degrees; reflection rule of sound ray on columnar body defect: obtaining an axis R0 of the cylinder according to the defect parameters, wherein the center of the cylinder is V0, and the direction is U0; the radius of the resulting cylinder is r. Setting the parameters of the sound ray R1 as a point V1 and a vector value as U1; calculating a projection point V2 of the point V1 on the axis R0 to obtain a distance dis between V1 and V2; calculating an included angle A1 between U0 and U1; the distance dis2 between the intersection point V4 of the sound ray and the cylinder and the point V4 and V1 is: dis2 = (dis-r)/cos (a 1); the obtained intersection positions are as follows: v4 = V1 + U1 dis2, if the point is inside a cylinder, the sound ray is associated with a defect; otherwise, the nodes are not intersected; if the sound ray is related to the defect, calculating a reflection ray; a fully-fixed reflection line R2 with a vector value of U2; firstly, calculating the normal of a V4 point on a cylinder; calculating a projection point V5 of the point on an R0 axis, and then unitizing the normal N1 of the point after (V4-V5); obtaining a reverse vector U3 of U1, U3 = -U1; calculating an included angle A2 between N1 and U3, wherein the included angle between U2 and U3 is A3 = A2 x 2; forming a spatial plane according to V4, V5 and V1, and obtaining a normal N2 of the plane; rotating the point V1 by an angle A3 around N2 to obtain a unit of V6, U2 = (V6-V4); according to V4 and U2, the reflection ray is trapped by the cylinder.
2.6 Sound field simulation
The method includes the steps that simulation data of the civa platform are analyzed and then are matched with sound rays in a three-dimensional simulation space, and three-dimensional display is displayed. The device is equivalent to a player of simulation data with a T-shaped structure and is provided with some auxiliary functions.
The sound field simulation process is as follows: and obtaining simulation data through civa simulation software. And analyzing the simulation data. The simulation data is a txt file, and probe information and ultrasonic simulation data are obtained through analyzing the keywords. A plane is established below the probe in the three-dimensional space, and data are rendered on the plane. And rendering sound rays according to the set workpiece, the probe and the defect parameters. The evaluation of actual detection working data is realized through the comparison of the sound field and the sound ray, and the accuracy of the simulation result is conveniently verified by combining a three-dimensional space environment.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of a T-shaped structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps,
modeling a T-shaped structure: abstracting the T-shaped structural body, setting parameters, calculating a vertex and a triangular surface, generating a three-dimensional grid and rendering;
secondly, probe simulation: abstracting the probe, realizing probe parameterization, carrying out parameterization modeling according to the parameters of the probe, and rendering in a three-dimensional space;
thirdly, classification of detection surfaces: classifying all detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure, and defining the position and the scanning range of the probe;
sound ray calculation: calculating the paths of the ultrasonic sound rays generated, generated and reflected according to the information of the workpiece and the probe, and rendering the ultrasonic sound rays in a three-dimensional space;
fifthly, defect simulation: abstracting and classifying workpiece defects, dividing the workpiece defects into area defects and transverse through hole defects, defining the positions and angles of the defects, and realizing rendering of the defects in a three-dimensional space;
sixth, sound field simulation: and analyzing the sound field simulation data, rendering the simulation data in a three-dimensional space, and checking the sound ray simulation results one by one.
2. The three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic testing of the T-shaped structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the part transversely arranged at the upper end of the T-shaped mechanism is defined as a crown body, the part perpendicular to the crown body is defined as a cylinder, and the parameters of the T-shaped structure are defined in the first step in the following way: the T-shaped crown body has a width a, a height b, a length c, a width d, a height e and a thickness f, wherein the length of the T-shaped crown body extending out of the right side of the T-shaped main body is c; setting the left side point of the T-shaped crown body as a zero point; taking the width direction of the crown body as an X axis, the height direction of the crown body as a Y axis, and the thickness direction of the T-shaped structural body as a Z axis; setting a vertex containing position and direction information according to the established coordinate system, wherein the direction information is specified as the normal direction of the point; dividing the T-shaped body according to the vertical plane of the T-shaped body, and totally having 48 vertexes; first storing 8 points of the left-side point in a counterclockwise direction, each point comprising 3 directions, for 24 points; then storing 8 points of right points, wherein each point comprises 3 directions and has 24 points; a total of 48 points; calculating the position of the vertex according to the set parameters and the zero point; newly building a matrix V, and storing the positions of all vertexes of the T-shaped body; newly building a matrix N, wherein the length of the matrix N is consistent with that of the matrix A; the normal line, namely the direction, corresponding to the matrix A is stored; the two coplanar surfaces of the crown body and the main body of the T-shaped structure are set as a bottom surface and a top surface, the uppermost corner of the crown body positioned on the left side is set as a point No. 1, each corner is calibrated in the clockwise direction and is respectively a point No. 1-8, and the bottom surface or the top surface can be divided into four triangular surfaces according to the calibrated points, namely: 8 triangular faces (3, 2, 1), triangular faces (3, 1, 8), triangular faces (5, 4, 7), triangular faces (5, 7, 6), bottom face and top face; setting a broken line formed by 2 points in the T-shaped structure as a side surface; the T-shaped structure thus has 8 sides; each side surface comprises 2 triangular surfaces, and 16 triangular surfaces are formed in total; the T-shaped structures are formed by 24 triangular surfaces in total; newly building a matrix T with the length of 24 x 3, and storing information forming a triangular surface, wherein the stored values are the sequence of vertexes in the V matrix; generating a grid, based on the matrix V, N, T, a three-dimensional grid may be generated; and rendering the T structure in a three-dimensional engine according to the generated three-dimensional grid.
3. The three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic testing of the T-shaped structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the wedge parameters of the probe comprise probe length, probe height, probe width and probe angle; setting a zero position of the probe; the zero point position of the probe is the center of the bottom surface of the probe; calculating the positions of all the top points of the probe according to the wedge block parameters of the probe; and establishing a three-dimensional grid according to a parameterized modeling rule.
4. The three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of the T-shaped structural member according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, a detection surface is defined, the positions of the detection surfaces are divided according to the shape of the T-shaped structure, and the T-shaped structure has 10 detection surfaces; setting a detection program for each detection surface; setting 10 detection programs in total, and setting a number for each detection surface; defining a normal vector of a detection surface; the detection range of the detection surface; a positioning method of the probe position in the detection program; locking a shaft; taking the center of the detection surface as a detection zero point, wherein the space coordinate of the zero point is V0; defining input information by the zero point; locking a Y axis, wherein the input value of the X axis is X (-a, a), and the input value of the Z axis is Y (-c, c); converting into three-dimensional space coordinates V = V0 + (x,0, y) according to the input values; and acquiring parameters of the probe according to the setting, wherein the orientation of the probe is the direction obtained after the probe rotates anticlockwise for a certain probe angle around the normal line of the probe, namely the included angle between the orientation of the probe and the scanning direction is the probe angle.
5. The three-dimensional simulation method for ultrasonic detection of the T-shaped structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a detection surface, a probe position and a probe orientation are set, and a normal line of the probe is a normal line of the detection surface; calculating the vector of the sound ray by the angle between the normal line of the probe and the probe; on the detection surface, the probe rotates around the normal line by a set probe angle; three points relating to the probe sound line are calculated on the probe: position point V0, probe top front edge midpoint V1, probe front edge midpoint V2; based on V0, V1 and V2, a three-dimensional space plane P is obtained according to the anticlockwise direction, and sound ray calculation is carried out on the three-dimensional space plane; calculating the plane normal N1; the probe front edge midpoint V2 is rotated around a plane normal N1 to obtain a point V3 (V3-V0) which is subjected to unitization after being rotated to obtain a wedge internal sound ray vector U1; the probe front edge midpoint V2 is rotated around a plane normal N1 to obtain a point V4 (V4-V0), and the point V4 is unitized, namely a wedge block internal sound ray vector U2; determining a ray R1 according to the position point V0 and the vector U1; the point where R1 intersects the wedge slope plane is the launch point V5; connecting the V0 and the V5, namely the emission line L1 of the probe in the wedge block; determining an emergent sound ray R2 according to the position point V0 and the vector U2; traversing other detection surfaces except the current detection surface of the T-shaped structure, and judging whether an intersection point exists between the other detection surfaces and R2; obtaining the position of an intersection point V7; judging whether the intersection point is in the plane PN or not, and judging whether the x, y and z values of the point are in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane according to the judgment; the intersection point meeting the condition is a reflection point, and the connection between V0 and V7 is the sound ray L2 emitted by the probe; calculating reflected sound rays and twice reflecting points, and calculating the reflected sound rays and the twice reflecting points according to the injection point V7 and the normal N2 and the normal U2 of the plane PN where the V7 is located; then calculating the vector of the reflected sound ray to obtain a reverse vector U3, U3 = -U2 of the incident sound ray; calculating the included angle between U3 and N2 to be A2, and then the included angle between the reflection line and U3 to be A3 = A2 x 2; constructing a reflecting plane according to U3 and N2, and V7, and obtaining a normal N3 of the plane; rotating around N3 by an angle A3, namely a vector U4 of the reflected sound ray; u4 and V7, forming a reflected sound ray R4; calculating the intersection points of the reflection lines and other surfaces, traversing other detection surfaces of the T-shaped structure except the reflection surface, and judging whether the intersection point V9 exists with R4; obtaining the intersection point position, judging whether the V9 is in the plane PN, and judging whether the X, Y and Z values of the point are all in the axis range corresponding to the PN plane according to the judgment that the point meets the condition V9, namely a twice reflection point, and connecting V7 and V9, namely a reflection line L3; sound rays L1, L2, and L3 are drawn in accordance with the recorded points V5, V0, V7, and V9.
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