CN112430046B - Impermeable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Impermeable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112430046B CN112430046B CN202011380963.0A CN202011380963A CN112430046B CN 112430046 B CN112430046 B CN 112430046B CN 202011380963 A CN202011380963 A CN 202011380963A CN 112430046 B CN112430046 B CN 112430046B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/082—Steelmaking slags; Converter slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an impermeable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the impermeable material comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: 40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash, 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide and 5 to 10 portions of sodium bentonite. The method comprises the following steps: adding water into 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite, and mixing uniformly to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite; uniformly mixing 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the hydrated sodium bentonite and the dry materials to obtain a mixture; adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material; the impermeable material has low permeability, high strength and permeability coefficient of 3.3 multiplied by 10‑9cm/s～7.5×10‑9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of underground engineering of municipal solid waste disposal and pollution prevention, in particular to an impermeable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Municipal waste landfill is the most basic disposal method for municipal waste. Although municipal waste can be treated by incineration, composting or sorting, the remainder of the waste, which is difficult to treat, is subjected to final landfill treatment. In order to protect underground water and soil resources from being influenced by potential pollution of pollution sites such as refuse landfills and the like, a vertical antifouling barrier is generally required to be constructed around the refuse landfills and the pollution sites, the vertical impermeable barrier technology can be divided into a soil-bentonite impermeable barrier and a cement-bentonite impermeable barrier according to materials, wherein the cement-bentonite impermeable barrier has poor low permeability, the permeability coefficient is 10-6cm/s generally, the cement-bentonite impermeable barrier is easy to be chemically corroded, the cement serving as a raw material has high production energy consumption, atmospheric pollutants are discharged and amplified, and the cement industry cannot adapt to the time requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction along with the deterioration of the global environment.
The modification of the cement-bentonite anti-seepage barrier in the existing engineering is difficult to meet the low-seepage requirement of polluted sites such as refuse landfills and the like, and the high strength is to be further improved.
Therefore, how to prepare a low-permeability and high-strength impermeable material becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an impermeable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the impermeable material has low permeability and high strength, and the permeability coefficient is 3.3 multiplied by 10-9cm/s～7.5×10-9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa.
In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a barrier material, where the barrier material includes the following chemical components in parts by weight: 40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash, 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide and 5 to 10 portions of sodium bentonite.
Further, the clay comprises one of kaolin and activated clay.
Further, the granulated blast furnace slag powder is a mixture of 95 to 99 mass percent of granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size range of 0.5 to 10 mu m and 1 to 5 mass percent of gypsum powder with a particle size range of 10 to 100 mu m.
Further, the particle size range of the fly ash is 0.5-300 mu m.
Further, the mass fraction of montmorillonite in the sodium bentonite is 78-82%.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the impermeable material, which comprises the following steps:
adding water into 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite, and mixing uniformly to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite;
uniformly mixing 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide to obtain a dry material;
uniformly mixing the hydrated sodium bentonite and the dry materials to obtain a mixture; and adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material.
Further, adding 5-10 parts of water into the sodium bentonite, and uniformly mixing to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite, wherein the hydrated sodium bentonite specifically comprises the following components:
and 5 to 10 parts of sodium bentonite are added with water and mixed until no obvious particles exist, so as to obtain the hydrated sodium bentonite.
Further, 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide are uniformly mixed to obtain a dry material, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash and 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide are stirred and mixed for 5 to 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 100 to 400r/min to obtain dry materials.
Further, the sodium hydrate bentonite and the dry material are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and stirring and mixing the sodium hydrate bentonite and the dry materials for 10-20 min at the rotating speed of 100-400 r/min to obtain a mixture.
Further, the step of adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material comprises the following steps:
and adding water into the mixture until the slump is 100-150 mm to obtain the anti-seepage material.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the impermeable material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in a synergistic manner: the water in the hydrated sodium bentonite reacts with magnesium oxide (MgO) in a hydration way to generate OH-And Mg2+(ii) a The Mg2+With Na in sodium bentonite+Ion exchange takes place to form OH-Can destroy the structures of the fly ash, the granulated blast furnace slag powder and the like and is combined with the SiO contained in the fly ash and the granulated blast furnace slag powder2The reaction produces M-S-H gel, which is in turn swollen with Mg (OH)2The clay particles are effectively wrapped, and the sodium bentonite expands when meeting water, so that the structure of the mixture is more compact, and the macro and micro properties of the mixture are further enhanced; according to the embodiment of the invention, the low-permeability and high-adsorption anti-seepage barrier material is obtained by mixing the alkali-activated solid waste with the bentonite, and the anti-seepage barrier material can be applied to anti-seepage engineering of polluted sites such as refuse landfills and the like. The impermeable material has low permeability and high strength, and the permeability coefficient is 3.3 multiplied by 10-9cm/s～7.5×10-9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of a barrier material provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an SEM image of a barrier material provided in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a barrier material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiments and examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the invention belong. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available or can be obtained by an existing method.
The embodiment of the invention provides an impermeable material, which has the following general idea:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a barrier material is provided, wherein the barrier material comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: 40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash, 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide and 5 to 10 portions of sodium bentonite.
The impermeable material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in a synergistic manner: the water in the hydrated sodium bentonite reacts with the magnesium oxide (MgO) in a hydration way to generate OH-And Mg2+；Mg2+And K+、Na+Ion exchange takes place to form OH-Can damage the structures of the fly ash, the granulated blast furnace slag powder and the like and SiO in the fly ash and the granulated blast furnace slag powder2The reaction produces M-S-H gel, M-S-H gel and swelling Mg (OH)2The bentonite expands when meeting water, so that the mixture structure is more compact, and the macro and micro performance of the mixture is further enhanced.
The reason for 1 to 5 parts of magnesium oxide is as follows: if the magnesium oxide is less than 1 part, the alkaline excitation reaction is not complete and adverse effects are caused; if more than 5 parts of the magnesium oxide is used, the alkali-activated reaction is substantially completed, and the excessive magnesium oxide has a small adverse effect on the properties.
The sodium bentonite accounts for 5-10 parts: if the amount of the sodium bentonite is less than 5 parts, the change of the mixing amount of the sodium bentonite has small adverse effect on the permeability; if the amount of bentonite is more than 10 parts, the whole framework is loosened and the adverse effect is influenced.
As a preferred embodiment, the chemical components of the barrier material comprise, in parts by weight: 55 parts of clay, 7 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 7 parts of fly ash, 1 part of magnesium oxide and 7 parts of sodium bentonite. The impermeable material has a more compact microstructure, low permeability and high strength.
As an alternative embodiment, the clay includes one of kaolin and activated clay. The particle size of the clay is 100 mu m-2 mm; this range of particle size facilitates better slump control.
As an optional embodiment, the granulated blast furnace slag powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 95 to 99 percent of granulated blast furnace slag with the granularity of 0.5 to 10 mu m and 1 to 5 percent of gypsum powder with the granularity of 10 to 100 mu m. The main components of the granulated blast furnace slag powder are calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide; the granulated blast furnace slag powder is a purchased product, and the particle size of the granulated blast furnace slag powder is the standard requirement in the prior art.
As an optional embodiment, the particle size of the fly ash ranges from 0.5 μm to 300 μm, and the main components of the fly ash are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. The fly ash is a purchased product, the particle size of the fly ash is the standard requirement in the prior art, and the bentonite in the implementation is purchased in Haoxing bentonite farm in Anji county, Zhejiang province.
As an alternative embodiment, the main components of the sodium bentonite are silica and alumina; the mass fraction of montmorillonite in the sodium bentonite is 78-82%. The particle size of the sodium bentonite is 2-50 mu m. The sodium bentonite is a purchased product, and the particle size of the sodium bentonite is the standard requirement in the prior art.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing a barrier material, as shown in fig. 3, the method including:
s1, adding water into 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite, and mixing uniformly to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite;
s2, uniformly mixing 40 to 65 parts of clay, 5 to 10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 parts of fly ash and 1 to 5 parts of magnesium oxide to obtain a dry material;
s3, uniformly mixing the hydrated sodium bentonite and the dry materials to obtain a mixture; and adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material.
As an alternative embodiment, the mass-to-volume ratio of the sodium bentonite to the water in S2 is (5-10) g: (100) l; within this range, the hydrated sodium bentonite can be made to have no significant granular shape.
As an optional implementation mode, the step of uniformly mixing in the step S3 is to stir and mix for 5min to 15min at the rotating speed of 100r/min to 400 r/min. Thus being beneficial to more uniform mixture and more complete reaction.
As an optional implementation mode, the step of uniformly mixing in the step S4 is to stir and mix for 10min to 20min at the rotating speed of 100r/min to 400 r/min. Thus being beneficial to more uniform mixture and more complete reaction.
As an optional embodiment, the step of adding water to the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material specifically comprises:
and adding water into the mixture until the slump is 100-150 mm to obtain the anti-seepage material.
Slump refers to the workability of concrete, and particularly to the guarantee of normal construction, wherein the workability includes the water retention, the fluidity and the cohesiveness of the concrete. The slump of the concrete is determined according to conditions such as the structural section of a building, the content of reinforcing steel bars, the transportation distance, the pouring method and the like; according to the embodiment of the invention, the standard slump range is set to be 100-150 mm, and when the slump is too small, adverse effects such as construction is not facilitated, the mixture is not uniform and the like are caused, and when the slump is too large, adverse effects such as too large internal pores of the mixture and incompact mixture are caused.
From the above, in the embodiment of the invention, the components are cooperatively matched, and the low-permeability and high-adsorption anti-seepage barrier material is obtained by mixing the alkali-activated solid waste (fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag powder) and bentonite, and can be applied to anti-seepage engineering of polluted sites such as refuse landfills and the like. Thereby solving the defect of high permeability of the common vertical impermeable barrier technical material cement and the like in the prior art; the impermeable material has low permeability and high strength, and the permeability coefficient is 3.3 multiplied by 10-9cm/s～7.5×10-9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa.
One of the barrier materials of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.
S1, obtaining chemical components of the anti-seepage material, wherein the chemical components comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide and 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite; the chemical composition of each group is specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
S2, adding water into the sodium bentonite, and mixing uniformly until no obvious particles exist to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite;
s3, uniformly mixing the clay, the granulated blast furnace slag powder, the fly ash and the magnesium oxide to obtain a dry material;
s4, uniformly mixing the hydrated sodium bentonite and the dry materials to obtain a mixture;
and S5, adding water into the mixture until the slump is 100-150 mm, and obtaining the anti-seepage material.
The performance of the barrier materials prepared in the examples and the comparative examples is tested, and the unconfined compressive strength and permeability coefficient are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that:
in comparative example 1, 2 parts of sodium bentonite is lower than the range of 5 to 10 parts of the sodium bentonite in the embodiment of the invention, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 3, and the permeability coefficient is too large;
in comparative example 2, 15 parts of sodium bentonite is higher than the range of 5-10 parts in the embodiment of the invention, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 3, and excessive bentonite content adversely affects permeability and the permeability coefficient is too large;
in comparative example 3, 1 part of granulated blast furnace slag powder is lower than the range of 5 to 10 parts in the embodiment of the invention, and the rest is the same as in example 3, the alkali-activated reaction is incomplete, and the strength is too low;
in comparative example 4, 1 part of fly ash is lower than the range of 5-10 parts of the embodiment of the invention, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 3, so that the alkali-activated reaction is incomplete and the strength is too low;
the impermeable materials of the embodiments 1 to 5 of the invention have low permeability and high strength, and the permeability coefficient is 3.3 multiplied by 10- 9cm/s～7.5×10-9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa. The permeability coefficient is smaller and the strength is greater than in comparative examples 1 to 4.
Description of the attached drawings 1-2:
from the SEM image of the barrier material provided in example 1 of the present invention in FIG. 1, the microstructure is dominated by floc C-S-H and C-A-S-H, M-S-H and magnesium hydroxide, and spherical unhydrated fly ash;
from the SEM image of the barrier material provided in inventive example 2 of FIG. 2, the microstructure is dominated by flocs C-S-H and C-A-S-H. Example 2 had a denser microstructure than example 1, consistent with the experimental results in the table. The embodiment 2 is an optimal proportioning of the novel vertical seepage-proofing barrier in the embodiment of the invention.
In summary, the chemical components of the barrier material of the embodiment of the present invention include, by weight: 40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash, 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide and 5 to 10 portions of sodium bentonite can generate the best synergistic effect, and no component is needed or the content is out of the range, so that good low permeability and high strength can not be obtained. The impermeable material provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the components are cooperatively matched, and compared with the traditional vertical impermeable barrier, the impermeable material has more excellent low permeability, low cost, no pollution and certain strength, and is beneficial to secondary development and utilization of polluted sites such as refuse landfills and the like.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present invention and their equivalents, the embodiments of the present invention are also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. The anti-seepage material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in parts by weight:
40 to 65 parts of clay, 5 to 10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 parts of fly ash, 1 to 5 parts of magnesium oxide and 5 to 10 parts of sodium bentonite;
the clay comprises at least one of kaolin and activated clay;
the granulated blast furnace slag powder is a mixture of 95 to 99 mass percent of granulated blast furnace slag with the grain diameter of 0.5 to 10 mu m and 1 to 5 mass percent of gypsum powder with the grain diameter of 10 to 100 mu m;
the permeability coefficient of the impervious material is 3 multiplied by 10-9cm/s～7×10-9cm/s and unconfined compressive strength of 3156kPa to 4302 kPa.
2. The barrier material of claim 1, wherein the fly ash has a particle size in the range of 0.5 μm to 300 μm.
3. The barrier material of claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of montmorillonite in the sodium bentonite is 78-82%.
4. A method of making the barrier material of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: adding water into 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite, and mixing uniformly to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite;
uniformly mixing 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide to obtain a dry material;
uniformly mixing the hydrated sodium bentonite and the dry materials to obtain a mixture; and adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material.
5. The preparation method of the impermeable material according to claim 4, wherein 5-10 parts of sodium bentonite are mixed with water to obtain hydrated sodium bentonite, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and 5 to 10 parts of sodium bentonite are added with water and mixed until no obvious particles exist, so as to obtain the hydrated sodium bentonite.
6. The preparation method of the impermeable material according to claim 4, wherein 40-65 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide are uniformly mixed to obtain a dry material, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
40 to 65 portions of clay, 5 to 10 portions of granulated blast furnace slag powder, 5 to 10 portions of fly ash and 1 to 5 portions of magnesium oxide are stirred and mixed for 5 to 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 100 to 400r/min to obtain dry materials.
7. The preparation method of the impermeable material according to claim 4, wherein the hydrated sodium bentonite is uniformly mixed with the dry material to obtain a mixture, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
and stirring and mixing the sodium hydrate bentonite and the dry materials for 10-20 min at the rotating speed of 100-400 r/min to obtain a mixture.
8. The preparation method of the impermeable material according to claim 4, wherein the step of adding water into the mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain the impermeable material specifically comprises the following steps:
and adding water into the mixture until the slump is 100-150 mm to obtain the anti-seepage material.
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