CN112429918A - Ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment method and system - Google Patents
Ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112429918A CN112429918A CN202011384508.8A CN202011384508A CN112429918A CN 112429918 A CN112429918 A CN 112429918A CN 202011384508 A CN202011384508 A CN 202011384508A CN 112429918 A CN112429918 A CN 112429918A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater, wherein the method comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing corncobs as a raw material to generate furfural, and recovering sodium acetate in the process of neutralizing furfural wastewater; utilizing sodium acetate to provide an electron donor and a carbon source for the reduction process of ammonium perchlorate by perchlorate reducing bacteria; and performing secondary reduction on the ammonium perchlorate by using the waste iron powder as a source of an electron donor. The invention adopts two-stage degradation combined process of autotrophic reduction and heterotrophic reduction to reduce the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions, reduce the concentration of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater and complete the treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater. The method can obviously reduce the treatment cost of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater, improve the removal effect of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater, and simultaneously solve the problem of resource recycling of the furfural wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental biology, relates to the field of perchlorate heterotrophic and autotrophic biological reduction methods, and particularly relates to a method and a system for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater.
Background
Perchlorate is used as a strong oxidant and is widely applied to the manufacture of solid propellants of rockets and missiles, fireworks, lighting bullets, electronic products, automobile safety airbags and the like; wherein the waste solid propellant is generally adoptedAnd flushing out the ammonium perchlorate in the scrapped propellant in a water flushing mode. ClO4 -Is very soluble in water and exists stably in water due to ClO4 -Size and iodine (I)-) Similarly, will replace I-Is absorbed by mammals and interferes with the uptake of iodine, which is one of the essential elements for the production of thyroid hormone, which is deficient in the production of endocrine dyscrasia and poor development of the central nerve.
At present, the treatment method of ammonium perchlorate wastewater comprises a physicochemical method and a biological method. The physical and chemical methods comprise an activated carbon/biomass adsorption method, an ion exchange method, a reverse osmosis membrane separation method and the like; the activated carbon adsorbent has limited capacity and high preparation cost, can generate explosive waste carbon to cause secondary pollution, and is not suitable for being used as a treatment technology of large-scale ammonium perchlorate wastewater; the ion exchange method can efficiently remove trace ammonium perchlorate in water, but the high-selectivity ion exchange resin has high cost, the used resin contains perchlorate and needs further treatment, and other coexisting ions in the water easily influence the removal effect of the resin on the ammonium perchlorate; the reverse osmosis membrane method can treat the perchlorate wastewater to the ultrapure water level, but can face the problems of membrane pollution and high-cost preparation of the membrane, the permeation of the perchlorate is influenced by other ions in water, and the residual high-concentration saline water needs to be further treated, so that the membrane filtration is difficult to be used for removing the ammonium perchlorate wastewater on a large scale. The microbiological method is known as a feasible technology for treating the ammonium perchlorate wastewater due to low cost, high efficiency and no pollution. Because perchlorate has a high redox potential (ClO)4 -/Cl-E01.39V), can be used as an ideal microorganism metabolism electron acceptor, and when enough organic/inorganic matters are provided for the reaction system as an electron donor, perchlorate is finally reduced to chloride in reducing bacteria by perchlorate reductase.
In summary, an economical and efficient method is needed to solve the problem of ammonium perchlorate pollution and prevent ammonium perchlorate from entering the environment to cause serious harm. Research has shown that the microbiological method is a feasible method for removing ammonium perchlorate, but needs to consider providing sufficient electron donor for a microbiological system in the biological treatment process, and the electron donor is selected by adopting an external dosing method at present, so that the improvement in economic rationality and process operability needs to be further evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater so as to solve one or more of the technical problems. The treatment method can obviously improve the removal effect of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater; meanwhile, the waste material is used as an electron donor source in the ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment process, so that the economic rationality and the process operability are obviously improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, the stage of producing furfural by hydrolyzing corncobs comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing corn cob to produce furfural, and obtaining furfural wastewater; wherein the furfural wastewater contains a byproduct acetic acid for producing furfural;
step 2, a furfural wastewater neutralization stage, comprising: neutralizing the furfural wastewater obtained in the step 1 by using sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium acetate;
step 3, an ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication stage, comprising: taking the sodium acetate obtained in the step 2 as a carbon source and an electron donor, and performing multiple rounds of domestication to obtain successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria;
and 4, performing a primary heterotrophic degradation stage of ammonium perchlorate, comprising: taking the sodium acetate obtained in the step 2 as an electron donor and a carbon source, and taking the successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria as an inoculum; reducing part of the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions by ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria to obtain primary degraded ammonium perchlorate;
and 5, performing a secondary autotrophic degradation stage of the ammonium perchlorate, comprising the following steps of: and adopting iron powder as an electron donor to continuously perform autotrophic reduction on the ammonium perchlorate degraded in the first stage, and discharging the ammonium perchlorate after the ammonium perchlorate reaches the standard.
The invention has the further improvement that the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: heating corncobs serving as a raw material and 5% dilute sulfuric acid serving as a catalyst; hydrolyzing polypentaose in the corncobs to generate pentose, and dehydrating the pentose to generate furfural; wherein, side reactions occur, and the side products comprise: acetic acid.
The invention has the further improvement that the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: neutralizing acetic acid in the furfural wastewater by using sodium hydroxide, evaporating the concentration of the acetic acid to 15-25%, and recovering sodium acetate.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step 3, the landfill leachate is used as a trace element source.
The invention is further improved in that in the step 4, ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria are used as inoculum, and the inoculation rate is more than or equal to 5 percent of the matrix.
The invention relates to a treatment system of ammonium perchlorate wastewater, which comprises:
the module for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis is used for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis to obtain furfural wastewater; wherein the furfural wastewater contains a byproduct acetic acid for producing furfural;
the furfural waste water neutralizing module is used for neutralizing furfural waste water obtained by the furfural production module by hydrolyzing corncobs through sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium acetate;
the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication module is used for obtaining successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria through multiple rounds of domestication by taking sodium acetate obtained by the furfural wastewater neutralization module as a carbon source and an electron donor;
the ammonium perchlorate primary heterotrophic degradation module is used for taking sodium acetate obtained by the furfural wastewater neutralization module as an electron donor and a carbon source and taking ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria successfully domesticated as an inoculum; reducing part of the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions by ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria to obtain primary degraded ammonium perchlorate;
and the ammonium perchlorate secondary autotrophic degradation module is used for adopting iron powder as an electron donor to continuously carry out autotrophic reduction on the ammonium perchlorate degraded in the primary stage, and discharging the ammonium perchlorate after the ammonium perchlorate reaches the standard after treatment.
In the module for producing furfural by hydrolyzing corn cobs, the further improvement of the invention is that the module for producing furfural by hydrolyzing corn cobs specifically comprises the following steps: heating corncobs serving as a raw material and 5% dilute sulfuric acid serving as a catalyst; hydrolyzing polypentaose in the corncobs to generate pentose, and dehydrating the pentose to generate furfural; wherein, side reactions occur, and the side products comprise: acetic acid.
The invention has the further improvement that in the furfural wastewater neutralization module, the sodium hydroxide is used for neutralizing furfural wastewater obtained by a furfural production module by corncob hydrolysis, and the sodium acetate obtaining specifically comprises the following steps: neutralizing acetic acid in the furfural wastewater by using sodium hydroxide, evaporating the concentration of the acetic acid to 15-25%, and recovering sodium acetate.
The invention has the further improvement that in the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication module, the landfill leachate is used as a trace element source.
The invention is further improved in that in the ammonium perchlorate primary heterotrophic degradation module, ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria are used as inoculum, and the inoculation rate is more than or equal to 5 percent of the matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the treatment method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the heterotrophic reduction and the autotrophic reduction are combined, the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is subjected to two-stage degradation, the ammonium perchlorate concentration is reduced, and the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is discharged after reaching the standard; the high economic cost generated in the process of removing the ammonium perchlorate wastewater by a biological method can be obviously saved; the method has the advantages that the waste in the environment is used as the raw material to carry out multi-stage combined degradation on the ammonium perchlorate, a large amount of electron donors are not required to be added additionally, the process operation is simple, and the high-concentration ammonium perchlorate wastewater can be treated; and provides wide prospect for resource recycling of furfural wastewater and waste iron powder. In summary, the invention provides an economical and efficient method for removing ammonium perchlorate wastewater, and perchlorate is reduced into chloride ions by adopting a two-stage degradation combined process of acetic acid heterotrophic reduction and iron powder autotrophic reduction, so that the concentration of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is reduced, and the treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is completed; the recovered sodium acetate is used as an electron donor and a carbon source to provide the electron donor and the carbon source for the acclimation stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria and the ammonium perchlorate reduction stage by a biological method, so that the cost of reducing the ammonium perchlorate by the heterotrophic biological method can be saved. According to the invention, the furfural wastewater is used as a carbon source and an electron donor of perchlorate reducing bacteria to degrade ammonium perchlorate, so that the aim of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another can be achieved.
According to the treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through two-stage combined degradation, high-concentration ammonium perchlorate wastewater with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/L can be treated to zero emission, and the removal rate can reach 98%.
In the invention, the landfill leachate is added as a source of trace elements.
In the invention, the waste iron powder is used as an electron donor in the degradation process of the autotrophic ammonium perchlorate to ensure that the ammonium perchlorate is completely reduced.
In the system, a module for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis is used for separating furfural, the produced wastewater enters a furfural wastewater neutralization module, is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, and sodium acetate is recovered and enters an ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria acclimation module and a primary heterotrophic degradation module; and domesticating the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria in the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication module, and simultaneously adding the landfill leachate to ensure that the trace elements are sufficient. The domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria enter a primary heterotrophic degradation module to serve as an inoculum; the ammonium perchlorate which is not degraded after being treated by the first-stage heterotrophic degradation module continuously enters the second-stage autotrophic degradation module, and iron powder is added to serve as an electron donor; complete treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is completed through two-stage degradation.
According to the system, ammonium perchlorate with a certain concentration, landfill leachate and recycled sodium acetate are added in the acclimation stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria until the ammonium perchlorate is not detected, and the acclimation is considered to be successful. Wherein, the landfill leachate can provide trace elements for microorganisms, and sodium acetate exists as an electron donor and a carbon source.
In the system, the iron powder is used as an autotrophic electron donor source to further reduce the residual ammonium perchlorate in the heterotrophic primary degradation of microorganisms, wherein H generated in the corrosion process of the iron powder2(Fe0+2H2O＝Fe2++2OH-+H2(g) Can be utilized by autotrophic microorganisms for the reduction of ammonium perchlorate; avoids the direct adoption of hydrogen as an electron donorThe potential safety hazard problem.
In the system, sodium acetate recovered from furfural wastewater is used as an electron donor and a carbon source for adding in the acclimation stage of ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria, and landfill leachate is added for supplementing trace elements. And (4) performing multiple rounds of domestication until ammonium perchlorate is not detected, and considering that the domestication is successful. Wherein, the ammonium perchlorate reducing strain successfully domesticated is inoculated into a first-stage degradation stage system, and the inoculation rate is more than or equal to 5 percent of the matrix.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: (1) a stage of producing furfural by hydrolyzing corncobs; (2) a furfural wastewater neutralization stage; (3) an ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication stage; (4) a first-stage heterotrophic degradation stage of ammonium perchlorate; (5) and (3) performing secondary autotrophic degradation on ammonium perchlorate.
The invention adopts a two-stage degradation combined process of acetic acid heterotrophic reduction and iron powder autotrophic reduction to reduce perchlorate into chloride ions, reduce the concentration of ammonium perchlorate wastewater and finish the treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater.
The method for treating the ammonium perchlorate wastewater provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
after the stage of producing furfural by hydrolyzing corncobs is completed, furfural is separated, the produced wastewater enters a stage of (2) neutralizing furfural wastewater, is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, and sodium acetate is recovered, and enters a stage (3) acclimatizing ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria and a stage (4) degrading heterotrophic bacteria; and (3) domesticating the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria in the domestication stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria, and simultaneously adding the landfill leachate to ensure that the trace elements are sufficient. The domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria enter the first-stage heterotrophic degradation stage (4) to be used as an inoculum; the undegraded ammonium perchlorate treated in the first heterotrophic degradation stage in the step (4) continues to enter the second autotrophic degradation stage in the step (5), and iron powder is added as an electron donor; complete treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is completed through two-stage degradation.
In the embodiment of the invention, corncobs rich in polypentaose are used as raw materials, 5% dilute sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, high-temperature heating is carried out, polypentaose is hydrolyzed to generate pentose, and the pentose is further dehydrated to generate furfural; simultaneously, side reactions occur, and acetic acid, trace methanol, formic acid and the like are generated.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pH value of the generated waste liquid is low due to the existence of a large amount of acid, acetic acid in furfural waste water is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, the concentration of the acetic acid is evaporated to 15-25%, and sodium acetate is recovered.
In the embodiment of the invention, the recovered sodium acetate is used as an electron donor and a carbon source to provide the electron donor and the carbon source for the acclimation stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria and the stage of reducing the ammonium perchlorate by a biological method.
In the embodiment of the invention, ammonium perchlorate with a certain concentration, landfill leachate and recycled sodium acetate are added in the acclimation stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria until the ammonium perchlorate is not detected, and the acclimation is considered to be successful. Wherein, the landfill leachate can provide trace elements for microorganisms, and sodium acetate exists as an electron donor and a carbon source.
In the ammonium perchlorate primary degradation stage of the embodiment of the invention, the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is treated, the electron donor source is sodium acetate recovered after furfural wastewater is neutralized, and meanwhile, part of landfill leachate is added as a source of trace elements. In the second degradation stage, iron powder is used as an electron donor to continuously perform autotrophic reduction on the ammonium perchlorate degraded in the first stage. And discharging after the treatment reaches the standard. The landfill leachate is rich in trace elements and can be used as a source of the trace elements in the growth and metabolism process of microorganisms.
In the embodiment of the invention, the furfural wastewater is used as a carbon source and an electron donor of perchlorate reducing bacteria to degrade ammonium perchlorate, so that the aim of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another is fulfilled.
In the embodiment of the invention, the iron powder is used as an autotrophic electron donor source to further reduce the ammonium perchlorate remained in the heterotrophic primary degradation of microorganisms, wherein H generated in the corrosion process of the iron powder2(Fe0+2H2O＝Fe2++2OH-+H2(g) Can be utilized by autotrophic microorganisms for the reduction of ammonium perchlorate. The potential safety hazard problem that hydrogen is directly adopted as an electron donor in the prior art is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, sodium acetate recovered from furfural wastewater is used as an electron donor and a carbon source for adding in the acclimation stage of ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria, and landfill leachate is added for supplementing trace elements. And (4) performing multiple rounds of domestication until ammonium perchlorate is not detected, and considering that the domestication is successful. Wherein, the ammonium perchlorate reducing strain successfully domesticated is inoculated into a first-stage degradation stage system, and the inoculation rate is more than or equal to 5 percent of the matrix.
According to the treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through two-stage combined degradation, high-concentration ammonium perchlorate wastewater with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/L can be treated to zero emission, and the removal rate can reach 98%.
Example 1
The method for treating the ammonium perchlorate wastewater provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
the stage of preparing furfural from corncobs comprises the following steps: weighing a certain amount of corncobs, adding 5% of dilute sulfuric acid for soaking, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction at high temperature to produce furfural;
a furfural wastewater neutralization stage comprising: neutralizing furfural wastewater, wherein a byproduct acetic acid generated in the furfural preparation process is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, and the generated sodium acetate is recovered and reserved as an electron donor and a carbon source in a perchlorate reducing bacteria acclimatization stage and an ammonium perchlorate reduction stage by heterotrophic organisms, so that the economic loss caused by additionally adding the electron donor and the carbon source in the ammonium perchlorate wastewater degraded by a conventional biological method is reduced; and the recovered sodium acetate is used as an electron donor and a carbon source to provide the electron donor and the carbon source for the acclimation stage of the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria and the stage of reducing the ammonium perchlorate by a biological method.
Ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication stage, including: adding 500mg/L of ammonium perchlorate, taking sodium acetate recovered from furfural wastewater as a carbon source and an electron donor, taking landfill leachate as a trace element source, pouring out the supernatant, adding sodium acetate and the landfill leachate for second round domestication until the multi-round domesticated ammonium perchlorate is removed stably, and considering that the domestication is successful.
In the stage of primary degradation of ammonium perchlorate, the recovered sodium acetate is used as an electron donor and a carbon source, and the successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria are inoculated as an inoculum, wherein the inoculation rate is more than 5 percent of that of the matrix. Ammonium perchlorate is partially reduced to chloride ions by ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria. Meanwhile, partial landfill leachate is added as a source of trace elements.
And in the secondary degradation stage of the ammonium perchlorate, adding waste iron powder as an electron donor source, and reducing the perchlorate into chloride ions through autotrophic reduction.
Example 2
In the present example, the rest of the process was the same as in example 1 except that 800mg/L of ammonium perchlorate wastewater was treated.
Example 3
In the present example, the rest of the process was the same as in example 1 except that 1000mg/L of ammonium perchlorate wastewater was treated.
Example 4
In the present example, the rest of the process was the same as in example 1 except that 1500mg/L of ammonium perchlorate wastewater was treated.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a method and a system for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater, wherein the method comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing corncobs as a raw material to generate furfural, and recovering sodium acetate in the process of neutralizing furfural wastewater; utilizing sodium acetate to provide an electron donor and a carbon source for the reduction process of ammonium perchlorate by perchlorate reducing bacteria; and performing secondary reduction on the ammonium perchlorate by using the waste iron powder as a source of an electron donor. Meanwhile, necessary trace elements are provided by adding the microorganism growth and metabolism of the landfill leachate. The invention adopts two-stage degradation combined process of autotrophic reduction and heterotrophic reduction to reduce the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions, reduce the concentration of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater and complete the treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater. The method can obviously reduce the cost for treating the ammonium perchlorate wastewater, improve the removal effect of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater, simultaneously solve the resource recycling of the furfural wastewater, and obviously improve the economic rationality and the process operability.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The method for treating the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, the stage of producing furfural by hydrolyzing corncobs comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing corn cob to produce furfural, and obtaining furfural wastewater; wherein the furfural wastewater contains a byproduct acetic acid for producing furfural;
step 2, a furfural wastewater neutralization stage, comprising: neutralizing the furfural wastewater obtained in the step 1 by using sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium acetate;
step 3, an ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication stage, comprising: taking the sodium acetate obtained in the step 2 as a carbon source and an electron donor, and performing multiple rounds of domestication to obtain successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria;
and 4, performing a primary heterotrophic degradation stage of ammonium perchlorate, comprising: taking the sodium acetate obtained in the step 2 as an electron donor and a carbon source, and taking the successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria as an inoculum; reducing part of the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions by ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria to obtain primary degraded ammonium perchlorate;
and 5, performing a secondary autotrophic degradation stage of the ammonium perchlorate, comprising the following steps of: and adopting iron powder as an electron donor to continuously perform autotrophic reduction on the ammonium perchlorate degraded in the first stage, and discharging the ammonium perchlorate after the ammonium perchlorate reaches the standard.
2. The method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: heating corncobs serving as a raw material and 5% dilute sulfuric acid serving as a catalyst; hydrolyzing polypentaose in the corncobs to generate pentose, and dehydrating the pentose to generate furfural; wherein, side reactions occur, and the side products comprise: acetic acid.
3. The method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: neutralizing acetic acid in the furfural wastewater by using sodium hydroxide, evaporating the concentration of the acetic acid to 15-25%, and recovering sodium acetate.
4. The method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 3, landfill leachate is used as a source of trace elements.
5. The method for treating ammonium perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria are used as inoculum, and the inoculation rate is not less than 5% of the matrix.
6. The utility model provides an ammonium perchlorate waste water's processing system which characterized in that includes:
the module for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis is used for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis to obtain furfural wastewater; wherein the furfural wastewater contains a byproduct acetic acid for producing furfural;
the furfural waste water neutralizing module is used for neutralizing furfural waste water obtained by the furfural production module by hydrolyzing corncobs through sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium acetate;
the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria domestication module is used for obtaining successfully domesticated ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria through multiple rounds of domestication by taking sodium acetate obtained by the furfural wastewater neutralization module as a carbon source and an electron donor;
the ammonium perchlorate primary heterotrophic degradation module is used for taking sodium acetate obtained by the furfural wastewater neutralization module as an electron donor and a carbon source and taking ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria successfully domesticated as an inoculum; reducing part of the ammonium perchlorate into chloride ions by ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria to obtain primary degraded ammonium perchlorate;
and the ammonium perchlorate secondary autotrophic degradation module is used for adopting iron powder as an electron donor to continuously carry out autotrophic reduction on the ammonium perchlorate degraded in the primary stage, and discharging the ammonium perchlorate after the ammonium perchlorate reaches the standard after treatment.
7. The ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment system of claim 6, wherein in the module for producing furfural by corncob hydrolysis, the production of furfural by corncob hydrolysis specifically comprises: heating corncobs serving as a raw material and 5% dilute sulfuric acid serving as a catalyst; hydrolyzing polypentaose in the corncobs to generate pentose, and dehydrating the pentose to generate furfural; wherein, side reactions occur, and the side products comprise: acetic acid.
8. The ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, wherein in the furfural wastewater neutralization module, the neutralization treatment of furfural wastewater obtained by the furfural production module by hydrolyzing corncobs with sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium acetate specifically comprises: neutralizing acetic acid in the furfural wastewater by using sodium hydroxide, evaporating the concentration of the acetic acid to 15-25%, and recovering sodium acetate.
9. The ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment system of claim 6, wherein the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria acclimation module uses landfill leachate as a source of trace elements.
10. The ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, wherein in the ammonium perchlorate primary heterotrophic degradation module, the ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria are used as inoculum, and the inoculation rate is more than or equal to 5% of the matrix.
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