CN112427612B - Method for casting small-diameter aluminum bar - Google Patents
Method for casting small-diameter aluminum bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112427612B CN112427612B CN202011039963.4A CN202011039963A CN112427612B CN 112427612 B CN112427612 B CN 112427612B CN 202011039963 A CN202011039963 A CN 202011039963A CN 112427612 B CN112427612 B CN 112427612B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for casting a small-diameter aluminum bar, which comprises the following steps: s001, pressurizing and introducing the aluminum liquid into a crystallizer; and S002, descending the die head matched with the crystallizer, and cooling the molten aluminum passing through the crystallizer to cast the aluminum bar. In the casting process, the flow speed of the aluminum liquid is higher than that of the aluminum liquid which only depends on gravity because the aluminum liquid is under the action of pressure higher than the common atmospheric pressure, and the flow speed of the aluminum liquid can be accurately controlled by controlling the pressurized pressure, so that the casting quality of the aluminum bar is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to a method for casting a small-diameter aluminum bar.
Background
With the wider application of aluminum materials, the industrial application range of aluminum materials is increased, and the requirements on the physical properties of aluminum materials are higher and higher. In order to meet the extrusion requirements of products, it is necessary to produce rods of small diameter, such as aluminum rods with a radius of less than 75 mm. If the conventional deep well casting mode is adopted for the aluminum bar, the aluminum liquid flows into the crystallizer in the splitter box under the action of gravity, and the bar is formed under the cooling action of the crystallizer; because the diameter of the rod body is small, the cooling speed of the aluminum liquid is high, the aluminum liquid is easy to block the crystallizer, and the casting of a certain aluminum rod fails; in addition, the flow velocity of different aluminum bars is unbalanced due to the small area of the flow section of the aluminum liquid, and the plugs of the aluminum bars are horizontally and synchronously descended, so that the casting defect of the aluminum bars is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to solve the technical problem that the casting defects of the small-diameter aluminum bar are more, and provides a small-diameter aluminum bar casting method which can realize the flow rate control of the molten aluminum in the casting process and meet the requirements of the bar casting process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the small-diameter aluminum bar casting method comprises the following steps:
s001, pressurizing and introducing the aluminum liquid into a crystallizer;
and S002, descending the die head matched with the crystallizer, and cooling the molten aluminum passing through the crystallizer to cast the aluminum bar.
As an improvement of the scheme, the aluminum liquid is pressurized and introduced into the crystallizer, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: introducing aluminum liquid into a heat preservation unit, a closed type launder and a crystallizer in sequence, wherein the heat preservation unit, the closed type launder and the crystallizer are connected in sequence; after the heat preservation unit flows into the aluminum liquid required by casting the aluminum rods with corresponding quantity, closing the passage of the aluminum liquid flowing into the heat preservation unit; the upper part of the heat preservation unit is pressurized through a pressurizing unit.
As an improvement of the scheme, the closed launder is divided into different casting areas, and the molten aluminum supply of the different casting areas is provided by different heat preservation units.
As an improvement of the above solution, the pressurizing of the upper portion of the heat preservation unit by the pressurizing unit means that the pressurizing unit is a cylinder disposed at the top of the heat preservation unit, and a piston rod of the cylinder is driven by the driving mechanism to move downward to press the gas in the cylinder into the heat preservation unit.
As an improvement of the scheme, the moving distance of the piston rods of all the cylinders is kept consistent in the casting process.
As an improvement of the scheme, the moving distance of the piston rod of the air cylinder is in a preset proportional relation with the descending distance of the die head in the casting process.
As an improvement of the scheme, a heating element is arranged in the heat preservation unit, and after the aluminum liquid is introduced into the heat preservation unit, the heating element heats the aluminum liquid to a preset process temperature.
As an improvement of the scheme, the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace flows into the heat preservation unit through the launder, and after the heat preservation unit flows into the aluminum liquid required by casting a corresponding number of aluminum bars, the gate valve arranged on the launder is used for closing the passage of the aluminum liquid flowing into the heat preservation unit.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the casting process, the flow speed of the aluminum liquid is higher than that of the aluminum liquid which only depends on gravity because the aluminum liquid is under the action of pressure higher than the common atmospheric pressure, and the flow speed of the aluminum liquid can be accurately controlled by controlling the pressurized pressure, so that the casting quality of the aluminum bar is improved.
In addition, the method adopts the heat preservation unit to store the aluminum liquid with enough corresponding aluminum bar casting quantity, and is similar to the pre-stored design, so that the aluminum bar casting is not limited by the size of the runner, and the casting is more flexible.
On the other hand, as the runner plate is divided into a plurality of casting units, each casting unit is pressurized by a group of independent pressurizing mechanisms, and the moving distances of the piston rods of all cylinders are kept consistent in the casting process, if the molten aluminum in a certain crystallizer flows too fast, the pressure of the molten aluminum corresponding to the crystallizer is lower than that of the molten aluminum corresponding to other pressurizing mechanisms, the flowing of the molten aluminum in the crystallizer is slowed down accordingly, so that the casting quality of all aluminum rods on the die head frame is uniform and high in stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-speed casting apparatus for aluminum alloy rods according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a runner plate of a high-speed bar casting apparatus of aluminum alloy according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembled state of the sealed heat-insulating box and the runner plate of the high-speed aluminum alloy rod casting device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is only noted that the invention is intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein, including any reference to the drawings, as well as any other specific forms of embodiments of the invention.
The first embodiment of the invention provides a small-diameter aluminum bar casting method, which comprises the following steps: s001, pressurizing and introducing the aluminum liquid into a crystallizer; and S002, descending the die head matched with the crystallizer, and cooling the molten aluminum passing through the crystallizer to cast the aluminum bar.
Pressurizing and introducing the aluminum liquid into a crystallizer, which specifically comprises the following steps: introducing aluminum liquid into a heat preservation unit, a closed type launder and a crystallizer in sequence, wherein the heat preservation unit, the closed type launder and the crystallizer are connected in sequence; when the heat preservation unit flows in the aluminum liquid required by the casting of a corresponding number of aluminum rods, the channel of the aluminum liquid flowing into the heat preservation unit is closed; the upper part of the heat preservation unit is pressurized through a pressurizing unit.
In order to guarantee the casting quality and the casting efficiency, the closed launder should be divided into different casting areas, and the supply of molten aluminum to the different casting areas is provided by different heat-preserving units.
The upper part of the heat preservation unit is pressurized through the pressurizing unit, the pressurizing unit is an air cylinder arranged at the top of the heat preservation unit, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is driven by the driving mechanism to move downwards so as to press air in the air cylinder into the heat preservation unit.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the moving distance of the piston rods of all the cylinders is kept uniform during the casting process.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is different from the first embodiment in that the moving distance of the piston rod of the cylinder is in a predetermined proportional relationship with the lowering distance of the die head.
Preferably, a heating element is arranged in the heat preservation unit, and after the aluminum liquid is introduced into the heat preservation unit, the heating element heats the aluminum liquid to a preset process temperature. The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace flows into the heat preservation unit through the launder, and after the heat preservation unit flows into the molten aluminum required by the casting of a corresponding number of aluminum bars, a gate valve arranged on the launder is used for sealing a channel through which the molten aluminum flows into the heat preservation unit.
In order to carry out the rod casting method according to the first embodiment of the present application, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed rod casting apparatus of aluminum alloy, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, including a runner plate 1, a sealed heat-insulating box 2, a first diversion trench 3, a pressurizing mechanism, and a die holder 4; a second diversion groove 5 is formed in the runner plate 1, a casting hole 6 which penetrates through the runner plate 1 from top to bottom is formed in the second diversion groove 5, and a crystallizer (not shown in the figure) is installed at the lower end of the casting hole 6; the plurality of sealed heat-insulation boxes 2 are arranged above the runner plate 1, and the bottoms of the sealed heat-insulation boxes 2 are communicated with a second runner 5; the first diversion trench 3 is connected with the sealed heat preservation box 2 and is used for guiding the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace into the sealed heat preservation box 2; the pressurizing mechanism is used for pressurizing the aluminum liquid in the sealed heat preservation box 2 through gas.
By adopting the scheme, the aluminum liquid can be sent out from the crystallizer under the pressure of the pressurizing mechanism, and the flow speed of the aluminum liquid is controlled by the pressure of the pressurizing mechanism, so that the requirements of the rod casting process are met.
The pressurizing mechanism is a cylinder 7 correspondingly arranged on the sealed heat-preservation box 2, and the power mechanism drives a piston rod of the cylinder 7 to stretch and contract to inject gas into the sealed heat-preservation box 2. The die head frame 4 is provided with a die head 8, the die head 8 is matched with the crystallizer, and the die head frame 4 is driven to horizontally descend by an additional driving mechanism, such as a hydraulic cylinder or a tractor and the like, in the aluminum bar casting process.
The upper surface of the runner plate 1 is provided with a runner closing plate 9, the runner closing plate 9 closes the space above the second runner 5, so that the second runner 5 is communicated with the outside through a casting hole 6 and a communicating hole 10 between the sealed heat preservation box 2 and the runner closing plate 9.
Preferably, the sluice closing plate 9 is provided with a gate valve 11, and the gate valve 11 is used for controlling the communication and the cut-off between the first sluice and the sealed heat preservation box 2.
Preferably, an inlet valve 12 is also provided on the launder closure plate 9. Nitrogen is introduced into the sealed incubator 2 through the inlet valve 12 before casting begins. The nitrogen is inert gas, so that accidents such as deflagration of aluminum liquid in the casting process can be prevented.
By adopting the bar casting method, in the casting process, as the aluminum liquid is under the pressure action of more than the common atmospheric pressure, the flow velocity of the aluminum liquid is faster than that of the aluminum liquid which only depends on gravity, the flow velocity of the aluminum liquid can be accurately controlled by controlling the pressurized pressure, and the casting quality of the aluminum bar is improved.
In addition, the method adopts the heat preservation unit to store the aluminum liquid with enough corresponding aluminum bar casting quantity, and is similar to the pre-stored design, so that the aluminum bar casting is not limited by the size of the runner, and the casting is more flexible.
On the other hand, as the runner plate is divided into a plurality of casting units, each casting unit is pressurized by a group of independent pressurizing mechanisms, and the moving distances of the piston rods of all cylinders are kept consistent in the casting process, if the molten aluminum in a certain crystallizer flows too fast, the pressure of the molten aluminum corresponding to the crystallizer is lower than that of the molten aluminum corresponding to other pressurizing mechanisms, the flowing of the molten aluminum in the crystallizer is slowed down accordingly, so that the casting quality of all aluminum rods on the die head frame is uniform and high in stability.
According to a third embodiment of the invention, the power mechanism is a connecting rod 13 connecting the head frame 4 and the piston rod of the cylinder 7. The piston rod 71 of the cylinder 7 is connected to the synchronization plate 14, and the synchronization plate 14 is connected to the connecting rod 13.
In order to implement the rod casting method according to the second embodiment of the present application, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed rod casting apparatus of aluminum alloy, which is different from the third embodiment in that the power mechanism is a proportional driving mechanism connecting the die head frame 4 and the piston rod of the air cylinder 7, and the proportional driving mechanism controls the moving distance of the piston rod of the air cylinder 7 in a certain proportion by taking the moving distance of the die head frame 4 as an input. Specifically, the proportional driving mechanism may be a steel wire rope and a pulley block, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the die head frame 4, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder 7 after being wound into the pulley block, and according to the difference of the connected pulley blocks, when the die head frame 4 moves, the moving distance of the piston rod has different proportions. The proportional driving mechanism may also be a gear set, the die head frame 4 and the piston rod are connected with different racks, the corresponding racks are connected into an input gear and an output gear of the gear set, and the proportion of the moving distance of the piston rod is different when the die head frame 4 moves according to the difference of the connected gear sets.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: before casting begins, the die head frame 4 is tightly attached to the launder plate 1, and the die head 8 is hermetically connected with the crystallizer. When casting starts, the die head frame 4 descends, the die head 8 begins to be separated from the crystallizer, and because the crystallizer is filled with cooling water, molten aluminum passing through the crystallizer is rapidly cooled, and the aluminum rod which becomes solid descends along with the die head 8. In the process, the flow speed of the aluminum liquid is higher than that of the aluminum liquid which only depends on gravity because the aluminum liquid is under the pressure action of the pressurizing mechanism, and the flow speed of the aluminum liquid is adjusted by the pressure of the pressurizing mechanism, so that the flow speed of the aluminum liquid can be accurately controlled, and the casting quality of the aluminum rod is improved. In addition, the method adopts the sealed heat insulation box to store enough aluminum liquid corresponding to the casting quantity of the aluminum bars, and is similar to the pre-stored design, so that the aluminum bar casting is not limited by the size of the runner, and the casting is more flexible. On the other hand, as the runner plate is divided into the plurality of casting units, each casting unit is pressurized by the independent pressurizing mechanisms, and each pressurizing mechanism is linked with the die head frame, if the molten aluminum in a certain crystallizer flows too fast, the pressure of the molten aluminum corresponding to the crystallizer is lower than that of the molten aluminum corresponding to other pressurizing mechanisms, the flowing of the molten aluminum in the crystallizer is slowed down accordingly, the casting quality of all aluminum rods on the die head frame is uniform, and the stability is high.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for casting a small-diameter aluminum bar is characterized in that,
the high-speed bar casting device comprises a runner plate, a sealed heat preservation box, a first runner, a pressurizing mechanism and a die head frame; a second diversion groove is formed in the runner plate, a casting hole penetrating through the runner plate up and down is formed in the second diversion groove, and a crystallizer is installed at the lower end of the casting hole; the plurality of sealed heat-insulation boxes are arranged above the launder plate, and the bottoms of the sealed heat-insulation boxes are communicated with a second diversion launder; the first diversion trench is connected with the sealed heat preservation box and is used for guiding the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace into the sealed heat preservation box; the pressurizing mechanism is used for pressurizing the aluminum liquid in the sealed heat insulation box through gas; dividing a launder plate into a plurality of casting units, each casting unit being pressurized by a set of independent pressurization mechanisms;
the pressurizing mechanism is a cylinder correspondingly arranged in the sealed heat-insulation box, and the power mechanism injects gas into the sealed heat-insulation box by driving a piston rod of the cylinder to stretch;
the method comprises the following steps:
s001, introducing the aluminum liquid into a sealed heat preservation box, a second diversion groove and a crystallizer in sequence; when the sealed heat preservation box flows into the aluminum liquid required by casting a corresponding number of aluminum bars, closing a channel for the aluminum liquid to flow into the sealed heat preservation box; the upper part of the sealed heat insulation box is pressurized by a pressurizing mechanism so as to pressurize and introduce the aluminum liquid into the crystallizer;
and S002, descending the die head matched with the crystallizer, and cooling the molten aluminum passing through the crystallizer to cast the aluminum bar.
2. The method for casting the small-diameter aluminum rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heating element is arranged in the sealed heat-preservation box, and after the aluminum liquid is introduced into the sealed heat-preservation box, the heating element heats the aluminum liquid to a preset process temperature.
3. The method for casting a small-diameter aluminum rod as recited in claim 2, wherein the aluminum liquid in the furnace flows into the sealed heat-preserving box through the launder, and after the sealed heat-preserving box flows into the aluminum liquid required for casting a corresponding number of aluminum rods, the passage of the aluminum liquid flowing into the sealed heat-preserving box is closed by the gate valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011039963.4A CN112427612B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Method for casting small-diameter aluminum bar |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011039963.4A CN112427612B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Method for casting small-diameter aluminum bar |
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| CN112427612A CN112427612A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| CN112427612B true CN112427612B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05177307A (en) * | 1991-12-25 | 1993-07-20 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for pressurizing continuous casting |
| CN210632910U (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-05-29 | 吴江市龙马铝业有限公司 | Safe type aluminium bar founding device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102240781B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-06-19 | 哈尔滨中飞新技术股份有限公司 | Equipment and method for casting plurality of aluminum alloy ingots with small diameters by using vertical direct chilling casting (DC) |
| CN104841898A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Method and device capable of producing multiple pieces of magnesium alloy cast sticks simultaneously |
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2020
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202011039963.4A patent/CN112427612B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05177307A (en) * | 1991-12-25 | 1993-07-20 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for pressurizing continuous casting |
| CN210632910U (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-05-29 | 吴江市龙马铝业有限公司 | Safe type aluminium bar founding device |
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| CN112427612A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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