CN112423418A - Device for heating fluid material by microwave and intelligent control method thereof - Google Patents
Device for heating fluid material by microwave and intelligent control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112423418A CN112423418A CN202010864684.5A CN202010864684A CN112423418A CN 112423418 A CN112423418 A CN 112423418A CN 202010864684 A CN202010864684 A CN 202010864684A CN 112423418 A CN112423418 A CN 112423418A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/6402—Aspects relating to the microwave cavity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/66—Circuits
- H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for heating fluid materials by microwaves and an intelligent control method thereof, wherein a microwave processing device comprises a microwave resonance heating cavity, a material liquid pipe arranged in the heating cavity, a plurality of microwave generators vertically arranged on the heating cavity at certain intervals and a monitoring system connected with the microwave generators; the intelligent control method comprises the steps of coupling the microwave power input with the difference value between the measured temperature of the reaction system and the set temperature by adopting a PID algorithm or other algorithms, and gradually approaching the set temperature of each part by adjusting the input power of each magnetron. The invention belongs to a continuous pipeline reaction mode, has high heating speed, controllable temperature gradient of material liquid in a reaction pipeline and stable material liquid temperature at an outlet within plus or minus 0.5 ℃ for a long time, and greatly improves the stability of product batches. The method is suitable for multiple fields of organic synthesis, fluid sterilization, wastewater treatment, powder preparation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave heating, and particularly relates to a device for heating fluid materials by microwaves and an intelligent control method thereof.
Background
Microwaves have been discovered in the 20 th century to the present day, and have been widely applied to communication, chemical industry, metallurgy, electronics and other related industries. The electromagnetic energy is quickly converted into heat energy by the internal electric loss and the magnetic loss of the substance under the action of microwave heating, and compared with the traditional heating means, the microwave heating has the characteristics of short time, high speed, strong selectivity, less energy consumption, small occupied area, high automation degree and the like. Although microwave heating technology has been widely used, it is mainly applied to static material heating, such as in a household microwave oven, but the application in material industrial processing is relatively small, and is mainly limited by the existing technology and equipment, especially the direct heating research for continuous uninterrupted fluid material is relatively small, and the microwave heating fluid has the problems of non-uniform electromagnetic field distribution, non-uniform material heating, poor stability of product batch, complex automatic control, low applicability, etc.
Therefore, the key for solving the problems is to research and develop a microwave fluid material heating device with uniform electromagnetic field distribution, uniform heating effect, high product batch stability and continuous material heating and an intelligent control method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microwave fluid material heating device which can continuously heat fluid materials, is high in heating speed, uniform in heating distribution and high in product stability, and an intelligent control method thereof.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by comprising a microwave processing device, wherein the microwave processing device comprises a heating cavity, a microwave waveguide, a microwave generator, a material liquid pipe and a monitoring system, the material liquid pipe penetrates through the heating cavity along the axis of the heating cavity, the heating cavity is provided with a plurality of microwave feed ports at certain intervals along the axial direction, the microwave feed ports are connected with one end of the microwave waveguide, the microwave waveguide is vertical to the material liquid pipe, the other end of the microwave waveguide is connected with the microwave generator, and the microwave generator is electrically connected with the monitoring system.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting a controller of PID algorithm or other algorithms, coupling the microwave input power of each feed port with the difference value between the measured temperature of the reaction system and the set temperature, and gradually approaching the set temperature of each part of the feed liquid pipe by adjusting the input power of each magnetron, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform and efficient intelligent control of heating effect.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1. the microwave source is adopted to input the heating cavity with optimized position, so that the uniformity of microwave field distribution is ensured;
2. the microwave power of each magnetron can be respectively controlled and adjusted, so that the magnetron is beneficial to adapting to heating of different flow rates and different materials, and the uniformity of the material heating effect and the controllability of temperature rise are ensured;
3. the controller is adopted to couple the microwave power input with the difference value between the measured temperature of the reaction system and the set temperature, and the input power of each magnetron is automatically adjusted by the controller to gradually approach the set temperature of each part, so that the aims of uniform heating, high efficiency and intelligent control of the fluid material are fulfilled;
the invention can continuously heat fluid materials, has high heating speed and uniform heating distribution, can stabilize the temperature of the outlet feed liquid within plus or minus 0.5 ℃ of a set value for a long time, greatly improves the stability of product batches, and is suitable for a plurality of fields of energy chemical industry, fluid sterilization, liquid heat treatment, powder preparation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the result of electromagnetic field distribution simulation under the condition of the optimal design of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the result of simulation of thermal field distribution under the condition of the optimal design of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-raw material groove, 2-raw material groove feeding port, 3-stirring machine, 4-raw material groove discharging port, 5-liquid supply pipeline, 6-temperature measuring equipment, 7-liquid supply pump, 8-hydraulic pressure measuring device, 9-flow meter, 10-temperature measuring device, 11-material liquid pipe, 12-control cabinet, 13-heating cavity, 14-microwave waveguide, 15-microwave generator, 16-cavity sealing flange and 17-material liquid collecting device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
The device for heating fluid materials by microwaves comprises a microwave processing device, wherein the microwave processing device comprises a microwave heating cavity 13, a microwave waveguide 14, a microwave generator 15, a feed liquid pipe 11 and a monitoring system 12, the feed liquid pipe penetrates through the microwave heating cavity along the axis of the microwave heating cavity, the microwave heating cavity is provided with a plurality of microwave feed ports at certain intervals along the axial direction, the microwave feed ports are connected with one end of the microwave waveguide 14, the microwave waveguide 14 is vertical to the feed liquid pipe 11, the other end of the microwave waveguide 14 is connected with the microwave generator 15, and the microwave generator 15 is electrically connected with the monitoring system 12.
The feeder is three, and the ratio of the position of each feeder from bottom to top to the bottom end of the heating cavity is 0.09-0.15: 0.30-0.50: 0.60 to 0.92.
The position of each feed port on the heating cavity is optimized and determined through simulation software, and the optimized result is obtained through simulation analysis by adjusting parameters such as liquid flow, size, microwave power and the like.
The power of each microwave generator 15 is adjustable, so as to meet the requirement of temperature gradient of each part.
The microwave generator 15 is a magnetron microwave generator.
And a wave-transparent heat-insulating layer is arranged between the outer wall of the feed liquid pipe and the inner wall of the heating cavity 13.
The material liquid pipe is a wave-transparent material liquid pipe.
The material liquid pipe material comprises glass, quartz, silicon carbide, ceramics, polytetrafluoroethylene, PVC, PP, PET, PA, PS, PEEK, ABS and PE, and is selected according to the reaction temperature.
The wave-transparent heat-insulating layer is made of aluminum silicate fibers, light alumina, expanded and vitrified micro bubbles and the like, so that the energy-saving effect is achieved.
The microwave processing device can be arranged in series end to end, and the end to end connection is beneficial to realizing the extension of processing time and the power amplification.
The device comprises a raw material tank 1, a conveying pump system 7 and a material liquid collecting device 17, wherein the raw material tank 1, the conveying pump system 7, a microwave treatment device and the material liquid collecting device 17 are sequentially connected through pipelines.
The monitored control system includes temperature sensor 10, pressure sensor 8, temperature sensor 10, pressure sensor 8 respectively have the multiunit, and multiunit temperature measurement ware sets up respectively on microwave heating cavity, feed liquid collection device, set up hydraulic pressure caliber on microwave processing apparatus's advancing, the discharge gate at least, do benefit to and heat the pressure at cavity feed liquid pipe both ends so that the regulation material volume of advancing, keep the material in the stable flow of heating cavity, it is even to be heated, can avoid the too high incident such as device explosion that causes of pressure simultaneously.
The monitoring system comprises a controller, and the controller is arranged in the control cabinet.
The fluid material output port of the conveying pump system 7 can be connected with any end of the microwave heating cavity, and the feed liquid can pass through the microwave heating cavity from top to bottom or from bottom to top.
The angle between the microwave treatment device and the horizontal direction is adjustable, and the microwave heating cavity and the material liquid pipe system inside the microwave heating cavity can be placed in an inclined mode at a certain angle or even in a horizontal mode.
An intelligent control method for a microwave heating fluid material device, which adopts the microwave heating fluid material device of any one of claims 1 to 9, adopts a controller with a plurality of sets of PID algorithms or other algorithms, couples microwave input power of each feed port with a difference value between the measured reaction system temperature in a heating cavity and a set temperature, and gradually approaches the set temperature of each part of a feed liquid pipe by adjusting the input power of each magnetron, so that the fluid material is uniformly and efficiently heated.
The microwave waveguide 14 is a copper waveguide, and its waveguide accessory components are an attached circulator and an excitation cavity.
The microwave waveguide is a rectangular waveguide or a trapezoidal waveguide.
The power range of the single group of magnetrons is 0-3kW, and the installed power of the whole machine is 0-9 kW.
The diameter of the feed pipe 11 is 5-50 mm.
The arrangement positions of the temperature measuring devices 10 on the microwave processing device correspond to the arrangement positions of the microwave waveguides respectively.
The flow rate of the liquid supplied by the conveying pump system 7 is continuously adjustable and is 0-2000 ml/min.
The temperature measurer 10 is a temperature transmitter, and feeds back temperature data to a controller of the monitoring system to assist in regulating and controlling the microwave heating power of the equipment.
The hydraulic measurer 8 is a pressure transmitter, and feeds back pressure data input and output by the material liquid pipe 11 to a controller of the monitoring system, so that the flow and pressure of the fluid of the equipment are adjusted and controlled in an auxiliary manner, and the safety is ensured.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows: the material tank 1 is charged with a fluid material to be heat-treated and preheated. Then, a material pump is started to pump the material into a material liquid pipe 11 by a conveying pump system 7, microwaves are started simultaneously, the input power of each magnetron is automatically adjusted by a controller to gradually approach the set temperature of each part, the heated high-temperature material is discharged into a material liquid collecting device 17 from a discharge hole of a microwave heating cavity, and the low-temperature material continuously enters a heating cavity 13 from a feed hole of the microwave heating cavity to be subjected to microwave heating, so that the continuous heating of the fluid material is realized. The operation mode of the present invention has two modes, namely an automatic control mode and a manual control mode, and in the automatic control mode, the liquid feeding rate, the temperature, the microwave power and the like can be adjusted and controlled according to a set program. In the manual mode, each parameter is operated according to the manually set parameter. The invention belongs to a continuous pipeline reaction mode, has high heating speed, controllable temperature gradient of material liquid in a reaction pipeline and long-term stability of the material liquid at a discharge port of a microwave heating cavity within plus or minus 0.5 ℃ of a set value, greatly improves the stability of product batches, and overcomes the problems of non-uniform temperature, poor stability of product batches, complex automatic control and the like of the traditional kettle type synthesis. The method is suitable for multiple fields of organic synthesis, fluid sterilization, wastewater treatment, powder preparation and the like.
Example 1
The device is used for liquid heating treatment, the liquid supply flow is regulated to be 400ml/min, the total power of the microwave is regulated to be 3.5kW, the magnetron is started, the power from top to bottom is 2kW, 0.7kW and 0.8kW, heating is carried out after heating liquid is supplied, the target liquid is heated to a preset temperature, and the pressure in the heating liquid material pipe 11 is maintained within the range of 1-1.5 atm. The method is used for example for liquid sterilisation. The specific method and the operation steps are as follows:
firstly, liquid to be processed is added into a raw material tank 1 through a raw material tank feeding port 2, the raw material tank 1 and a stirring device 3 are started to preheat the liquid, temperature measurement is carried out by adopting a temperature measurement device 6 in the preheating process, and temperature parameters are fed back to a controller to carry out process control. Then, after the temperature is raised to the preheating temperature, a liquid supply pump 7 is started to pump liquid into a liquid supply pipe 11 through a raw material groove discharge port 4 and a liquid supply pipeline 5, the liquid is fed into the liquid supply pipe 11, a magnetron on a heating cavity 13 is gradually started, the working power of the magnetron is adjusted to a rated value so as to realize uniform heating of the liquid, the pumped liquid flows out from a discharge port above the heating cavity after being heated, and finally flows into a liquid collecting device 17 through a pipeline to be collected.
In the actual use process, the power of each magnetron can be regulated and controlled through the controller, so that the distribution state of the electromagnetic field in the heating cavity is changed, and the temperature rise rate of the liquid in the feed liquid pipe meets the requirement.
Example 2
The device is used for liquid heating treatment, the liquid supply flow is regulated to be 1200ml/min, the total power of the microwave is regulated to be 6kW, the magnetron is started, the power from top to bottom is 3kW, 1.5kW and 1.5kW, heating is carried out after heating liquid is supplied, the target liquid is heated to the rated temperature, and the pressure in the heating liquid material pipe 11 is maintained within the range of 1-1.5 atm. For example, the method is used for heating pretreatment of ethylene glycol-carbon black slurry. The specific method and the operation steps are as follows:
firstly, adding ethylene glycol-carbon black mixed slurry to be processed into a raw material tank 1 through a raw material tank feeding port 2, starting the raw material tank 1 and a stirring device 3 to preheat liquid, measuring the temperature by adopting a temperature measuring device 6 in the preheating process, setting the preheating temperature to be 40 ℃, and feeding temperature parameters back to a controller to perform process control. Then, after the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, a liquid supply pump 7 is started to pump liquid into a liquid supply pipe 11 through a raw material groove discharge port 4 and a liquid supply pipeline 5, after the liquid is fed into the liquid supply pipe 11, a magnetron on a heating cavity 13 is gradually started, the working power of the magnetron is adjusted to a rated value so as to realize uniform heating of the liquid, the pumped liquid flows out from a discharge port above the heating cavity after being heated, and finally flows into a liquid collecting device 17 through a pipeline to be collected.
In the actual use process, the power of each magnetron can be regulated and controlled through the controller, so that the distribution state of the electromagnetic field in the heating cavity is changed, and the temperature rise rate of the liquid in the feed liquid pipe meets the requirement.
Example 3
The device is used for liquid heating treatment, the liquid supply flow is regulated to be 1200ml/min, the total power of the regulated microwave is 2kW, the magnetron is started, the power from top to bottom is 1kW, 0.4kW and 0.6kW, heating is carried out after heating liquid is supplied, the target liquid is heated to the rated temperature, and the pressure in the heating liquid material pipe 11 is maintained within the range of 1-1.5 atm. For example, the method is used for liquid phase synthesis of nanomaterials. The specific method and the operation steps are as follows:
firstly, nano material mixed feed liquid to be processed is added into a raw material tank 1 through a raw material tank feeding port 2, the raw material tank 1 and a stirring device 3 are started to preheat the mixed feed liquid, temperature measurement is carried out by adopting a temperature measurement device 6 in the preheating process, the preheating temperature is set, and temperature parameters are fed back to a controller to carry out process control. Then, after the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, a liquid supply pump 7 is started to pump liquid into a liquid supply pipe 11 through a raw material groove discharge port 4 and a liquid supply pipeline 5, after the liquid is fed into the liquid supply pipe 11, a magnetron on a heating cavity 13 is gradually started, the working power of the magnetron is adjusted to a rated value so as to realize uniform heating of the liquid, the pumped liquid flows out from a discharge port above the heating cavity after being heated, and finally flows into a liquid collecting device 17 through a pipeline to be collected.
In the actual use process, the power of each magnetron can be regulated and controlled through the controller, so that the distribution state of the electromagnetic field in the heating cavity is changed, and the temperature rise rate of the liquid in the feed liquid pipe meets the requirement.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material, comprising microwave treatment means, characterized in that: microwave processing apparatus includes microwave heating cavity (13), microwave waveguide (14), microwave generator (15), feed liquid pipe (11), monitored control system (12), the feed liquid pipe is worn to establish on the microwave heating cavity along microwave heating cavity axis, the microwave heating cavity sets up a plurality of microwaves according to a determining deviation along the axial and presents the mouth, microwave presents the mouth and is connected and microwave waveguide (14) perpendicular to feed liquid pipe (11) with microwave waveguide (14) one end, microwave waveguide (14) other end is connected with microwave generator (15), microwave generator (15) are connected with monitored control system (12) electricity.
2. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microwave feed ports are three, and the ratio of the position of each microwave feed port to the bottom end of the heating cavity is 0.09-0.15: 0.30-0.50: 0.60 to 0.92.
3. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power of each microwave generator (15) is adjustable respectively, and the requirements of temperature gradients of all parts are met.
4. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a wave-transparent heat-insulating layer is arranged between the outer wall of the feed liquid pipe and the inner wall of the microwave heating cavity (13).
5. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microwave heating cavity (13) can be arranged in series end to end.
6. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the microwave drying device comprises a raw material tank (1), a conveying pump system (7) and a material liquid collecting device (17), wherein the raw material tank (1), the conveying pump system (7), the microwave treatment device and the material liquid collecting device (17) are sequentially connected through pipelines.
7. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor (10) and a pressure sensor (8), wherein the temperature sensor (10) and the pressure sensor (8) are respectively provided with a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups of temperature measurers are respectively arranged on the microwave heating cavity and the feed liquid collecting device, and at least hydraulic measurers are arranged on a feeding hole and a discharging hole of the microwave processing device.
8. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the fluid material output port of the conveying pump system can be connected with any end of the microwave heating cavity.
9. An apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the angle between the microwave processing device and the horizontal direction is adjustable.
10. An intelligent control method of a microwave heating fluid material device is characterized in that: apparatus for microwave heating of a fluid material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method of controlling comprising coupling the microwave input power to each feed port via the controller to the difference between the measured temperature of the reaction system in the microwave heating chamber and the set temperature, and adjusting the input power to each magnetron to progressively approach the set temperature at each location of the feed tube, so that the fluid material is heated uniformly and efficiently.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113083191A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Microwave reaction apparatus and control method thereof |
| CN114247402A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Continuous microwave reaction device and preparation method of hydrogen fuel cell catalyst |
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