CN112422361A - Switch testing method, device and medium - Google Patents
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- CN112422361A CN112422361A CN202011110646.7A CN202011110646A CN112422361A CN 112422361 A CN112422361 A CN 112422361A CN 202011110646 A CN202011110646 A CN 202011110646A CN 112422361 A CN112422361 A CN 112422361A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, equipment and a medium for testing a switch, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining an environment which is set up in a virtual machine corresponding to a physical network card in advance, wherein the physical network card is connected with a port of a switch; controlling a network adapter in the environment to generate a message through a processing program installed in the virtual machine; and controlling the network adapter to send the message through the processing program so as to test the switch. In the automatic test of the switch, the test instrument is replaced by sending the packets by the processing program such as Scapy, and the like, so that no complex functional module is provided, the connection to a client is not required, and the speed is higher compared with the test instrument. And because a test instrument is not used, the cost of the test process is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of switches, in particular to a switch testing method, device and medium.
Background
In the test of the switch, a large number of repeated tests are often involved, the manual test is too tedious, and the automatic test can replace the tedious manual test by using an automatic method, so that the test efficiency is improved.
In the automatic Test of the switch, the flow is often involved to detect whether the switch is abnormal, and generally, a Test meter such as a spirent Test Center or ixa is used. In the prior art, after the port of the switch is interconnected with the port of the test instrument, the test instrument is used to flow to perform flow detection, and then generally the following steps are required: the method comprises the steps that a switch test topology environment is set up, a port of a test instrument is interconnected with a port of a switch, and flow can be sent to a designated switch port; the automation script first needs to load each function module of the instrument tools; connecting the script to the client of the test instrument and occupying the port of the test instrument; constructing flow by a port of the test instrument, and then sending the flow; a port of the test instrument detects whether the received and transmitted flow number or format meets the expectation; and releasing the port of the test instrument to finish the test.
However, the following disadvantages still exist in the prior art:
1. in the automatic test of the switch, when the test instrument is used for tapping, the operation process of operating the test instrument is very complicated, so that the occupied time is long.
2. The test process often depends on the performance of a test instrument, the conventional test instrument generally has higher performance, the cost is too high due to the adoption of a high test instrument, too high performance is not required usually when a switch is tested, and resource waste is caused due to the use of the high-performance test instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problem, the present application provides a method for testing an exchange, including: determining an environment which is set up in a virtual machine corresponding to a physical network card in advance, wherein the physical network card is connected with a port of a switch; controlling a network adapter in the environment to generate a message through a processing program installed in the virtual machine; and controlling the network adapter to send the message through the processing program so as to test the switch.
In one example, before determining an environment built in a virtual machine corresponding to a physical network card in advance, the method further includes: determining a virtual machine corresponding to the physical network card; adding a network adapter in the virtual machine and establishing a port group; and associating the network adapter with the physical network card through the port group to build an environment.
In one example, associating the network adapter with the physical network card through the port group includes: adding a virtual switch in the virtual machine, and associating the virtual switch with the physical network card; establishing a port group in the virtual machine, and associating the port group with the virtual switch; associating the network adapter with the port group.
In one example, after establishing a port group in the virtual machine, the method further comprises: the vlan ID is set to 4095 in the port group.
In one example, the method further comprises: monitoring return messages received by other network adapters through the processing program; and judging whether the switch test result is in accordance with expectation or not based on the return message.
In one example, when the number of the messages is multiple; controlling, by the processing program, the network adapter to send the message, including: and controlling the network adapter to send a plurality of messages by the processing program in a multithreading mode.
In one example, before controlling, by a handler installed in the virtual machine, a network adapter in the environment to generate a message, the method further comprises: determining a receiving port of a switch for receiving a message; and taking the network adapter corresponding to the receiving port as the network adapter used in the test process.
In one example, the handler is Scapy.
On the other hand, this application has also provided a switch test equipment, includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of the examples above.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a non-volatile computer storage medium for switch testing, which stores computer-executable instructions configured to: a method as in any preceding example.
The switch testing method provided by the application can bring the following beneficial effects:
in the automatic test of the switch, the test instrument is replaced by sending the packets by the processing program such as Scapy, and the like, so that no complex functional module is provided, the connection to a client is not required, and the speed is higher compared with the test instrument. And because a test instrument is not used, the cost of the test process is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a switch testing method in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a construction environment in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test procedure in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a switch test device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing a switch, including:
s101, determining an environment which is set up in a virtual machine corresponding to a physical network card in advance, wherein the physical network card is connected with a port of a switch.
In general, in order to test a switch, a physical network card is first connected to a port of the switch, and then a function such as transmission and reception of the switch can be tested through the network card. The switch here refers to the switch to be tested, and the physical network card refers to the network card in the hardware sense. In order to test the functions of the switch, a corresponding environment needs to be established in the virtual machine corresponding to the physical network card, and then the test function is executed in the environment. In order to control the testing process, a related software environment is required, and it is a common practice to build an environment in a virtual machine and then perform testing based on the environment. Here, the term "virtual machine" corresponds to a physical network card, which means that the physical network card is controlled and operated by a program or the like in the virtual machine. Of course, it should be noted that the virtual machine is used for the switch test, only because the environment can be more conveniently established in the virtual machine. However, it may also be possible to establish an environment and perform a test by using an entity machine instead of using a virtual machine, and the specific manner is similar to that in the virtual machine, which is not described herein again.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, before the environment is built, a port in the physical network card is directly connected to a port of the switch, so that traffic can enter the port of the docked switch after coming out of the physical network card. When the environment is built, the virtual machine corresponding to the physical network card is determined first. Typically, a physical network card corresponds to only one virtual machine, but a virtual machine may correspond to one or more physical network cards. And then adding related network adapters in the virtual machine, establishing a port group, and associating the network adapters with the physical network cards through the port group, so that the environment is established. Because the physical network card is connected with the port of the switch, after the environment is built, the network adapter is also associated with the switch, and the switch can be tested in a related way. The network adapter may also be referred to as a network card, but it is different from a physical network card, and refers to a network card in the sense of software built in a virtual machine.
Further, when the environment is built, a virtual switch may be added to the virtual machine first, and then the virtual switch is associated with the physical network card. A port lease is then established in the virtual machine, associating the port group with the virtual switch. At this time, vlan ID can be set to 4095 in the port group, and it is ensured that all traffic with vlan can be sent normally. And finally, adding a network adapter in the virtual machine, and associating the network adapter with the port group. After the network adapters are associated one by one, the network adapter packet can be ensured to be sent out from the associated physical network cards, when a plurality of network adapters exist, the phenomenon of flow messy cannot occur, and the network adapters correspond to the physical network cards one by one. Of course, it should be noted here that, in the process of building an environment, adding a virtual switch, building a port group, adding a network adapter, and associating the virtual switch, there is no strict order between these operation steps, and the steps of building and associating in the environment are not limited here.
And S102, controlling a network adapter in the environment to generate a message through a processing program installed in the virtual machine.
After the environment is set up in advance, the switch can be tested. As shown in fig. 3, the meter is no longer used, but the network adapter is controlled to generate the message by a processing program pre-installed in the virtual machine. After the data message is encapsulated, the data message can be stored in a list form so as to facilitate subsequent processing.
Compared with an instrument, the processing program not only reduces the cost, but also is simpler and more convenient in the process of building the environment. The handler need not have as many functions as a meter, but only basic datagram-related functions. The processing program can be a data packet processing tool such as Scapy, and the Scapy is an interactive data packet processing tool which can construct data packets, capture data packets and analyze data packets. The purpose of flow detection is achieved by directly controlling the network adapter to send packets and monitoring the network port to receive packets. Of course, the processing program may be other programs, scripts, tools, etc. with corresponding functions, and is not limited herein. When the Scapy is used for constructing the flow, when the required data message formats are different, for example, the number of the source mac is required to be 100, and the 100 data messages can be stored in the format of the list in python after being constructed by the Scapy, so that the later management is facilitated.
S103, controlling the network adapter to send the message through the processing program so as to test the switch.
After the encapsulation data packet generates a packet, the handler may control the designated network adapter to send the packet generated in step 102, thereby performing the process of testing the switch. In the test process, the network port of the network adapter does not need to be occupied, and the used network ports are listed directly.
Since a switch has a plurality of ports for receiving messages, a plurality of network adapters are also generally provided, corresponding to the plurality of ports. Therefore, it may be determined which port of the switch receives the packet during the process of sending the packet, and the port may be referred to as a receiving port herein. Then, in the process of generating and sending the message, selecting the network adapter corresponding to the receiving port as the network adapter in the test process, and executing the relevant steps.
Of course, if the traffic needs to be subjected to the statistics of receiving and sending, when one network adapter sends a message, the statistics of receiving packets can be performed through the other network adapter, and the returned message can be referred to as a return message. At this time, the network adapter receiving the packet can be monitored through the processing program, and then whether the test result meets the expectation or not is judged according to the sent message and the received return message, so that the test process of the round is completed. It should be noted that there is no relationship between the number of network adapters receiving the return message and the number of network adapters sending the return message, and the number may be one network adapter sending packet, multiple network adapters receiving packet, or other configurations, and is not limited herein.
In the automatic test of the switch, the test instrument is replaced by sending the packets by the processing program such as Scapy, and the like, so that no complex functional module is provided, the connection to a client is not required, and the speed is higher compared with the test instrument. And because a test instrument is not used, the cost of the test process is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, to ensure the accuracy of the interpretation result, the number of messages sent in each round is usually multiple, and the number of rounds sent is usually multiple times during the test process. Therefore, the number of messages in the test process is usually multiple. Moreover, because a plurality of messages to be sent may have more than one format, the use of Scapy packet sending is only able to send packets of the same format at a time, and if the packet formats are constructed differently, the packet sending is too slow, for example, 1s is needed to send one message, and 100s is needed to send a message with the mac number of the sending source being 100, which lowers the efficiency very much. Therefore, in the sending process, the message can be sent in a multi-thread mode, different messages can be sent at one time, time cost is saved, and the streaming speed is effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application further provides a switch test device, including:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform a method according to any one of the embodiments described above.
The embodiment of the application also provides a nonvolatile computer storage medium for testing the switch, which stores computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions are set as: a method as in any preceding embodiment.
The embodiments in the present application are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the device and media embodiments, the description is relatively simple as it is substantially similar to the method embodiments, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiments for relevant points.
The device and the medium provided by the embodiment of the application correspond to the method one to one, so the device and the medium also have the similar beneficial technical effects as the corresponding method, and the beneficial technical effects of the method are explained in detail above, so the beneficial technical effects of the device and the medium are not repeated herein.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing a switch, comprising:
determining an environment which is set up in a virtual machine corresponding to a physical network card in advance, wherein the physical network card is connected with a port of a switch;
controlling a network adapter in the environment to generate a message through a processing program installed in the virtual machine;
and controlling the network adapter to send the message through the processing program so as to test the switch.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before determining the environment that is built in the virtual machine corresponding to the physical network card in advance, the method further comprises:
determining a virtual machine corresponding to the physical network card;
adding a network adapter in the virtual machine and establishing a port group;
and associating the network adapter with the physical network card through the port group to build an environment.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein associating the network adapter with the physical network card through the port group comprises:
adding a virtual switch in the virtual machine, and associating the virtual switch with the physical network card;
establishing a port group in the virtual machine, and associating the port group with the virtual switch;
associating the network adapter with the port group.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein after establishing a port group in the virtual machine, the method further comprises:
the vlan ID is set to 4095 in the port group.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring return messages received by other network adapters through the processing program;
and judging whether the switch test result is in accordance with expectation or not based on the return message.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the messages is plural;
controlling, by the processing program, the network adapter to send the message, including:
and controlling the network adapter to send a plurality of messages by the processing program in a multithreading mode.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein before controlling, by a handler installed in the virtual machine, a network adapter in the environment to generate a message, the method further comprises:
determining a receiving port of a switch for receiving a message;
and taking the network adapter corresponding to the receiving port as the network adapter used in the test process.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the handler is Scapy.
9. A switch test apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. A non-transitory computer storage medium for switch testing, storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions configured to: the method of any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN202011110646.7A CN112422361A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Switch testing method, device and medium |
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| CN202011110646.7A CN112422361A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Switch testing method, device and medium |
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