CN112421931A

CN112421931A - Magnetic coupler and use method

Info

Publication number: CN112421931A
Application number: CN202011270756.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王奇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-13
Filing date: 2020-11-13
Publication date: 2021-02-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic coupler which comprises an outer rotor, an electromagnetic coil group, an inner rotor, position markers, permanent magnets, sensors and a logic control circuit, wherein the electromagnetic coil group is uniformly arranged on the outer rotor at equal intervals, the position markers are arranged on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group, the inner rotor is concentrically arranged in the outer rotor, the permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the inner rotor at equal intervals, the sensors are arranged on the permanent magnets adjacent to the inner rotor, and the logic control circuit is connected with the inner rotor.

Description

Magnetic coupler and use method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a magnetic coupler and a using method thereof.

Background

The working principle of the magnetic coupler follows magnetic coulomb's law, namely two magnets separated by a certain distance, and because of the magnetic field induction effect, the magnetic coupler can transmit power from one magnet to the other magnet through the coupling force of the magnets without any traditional mechanical component to form a non-contact torque transmission mechanism.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the magnetic coupling which has the functions of traction and locking by supplying power and converting the polarity of a power supply through a control circuit and efficiently realizes the functions of speed change and torque conversion in the power transmission process through a logic control circuit and the change of voltage.

In order to realize the functions, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a magnetic coupler comprises an outer rotor, an electromagnetic coil group, an inner rotor, position markers, permanent magnets, sensors and a logic control circuit, wherein the electromagnetic coil group is uniformly arranged on the outer rotor at equal intervals, magnetic generation is realized through the electromagnetic coil group, the outer rotor drives the inner rotor to rotate, the torque can be adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to realize power transmission, the position markers are arranged on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group and used for generating signals for changing the current direction, the inner rotor is concentrically arranged in the outer rotor, the permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the inner rotor at equal intervals, the sensors are arranged on the permanent magnets adjacent to the inner rotor, the logic control circuit is connected with the inner rotor, and after the electromagnetic coil group is supplied with power through direct current, the sensors detect the position markers, and triggering a logic control circuit to convert the polarity of the power supply.

Furthermore, the position markers are provided with a plurality of groups, the position markers are arranged on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group at equal intervals, and the number of the position markers is 1/2 of the number of the permanent magnets.

Further, the number of the permanent magnets is the same as that of the electromagnetic coil groups.

Furthermore, the sensors are provided with two groups, the two groups are respectively a first sensor and a second sensor, and the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor.

Furthermore, a coil is arranged on the electromagnetic coil wire group.

Further, the logic control circuit comprises a relay, a power supply and an RS trigger, the relay is electrically connected with the power supply and the RS trigger, the RS trigger is electrically connected with the first sensor and the second sensor, the coil is electrically connected with the relay, when the position marker (one or two) reaches the first sensor, the RS trigger is set to be 0, the Q end is 0V (low level), the relay does not work, and the power supply supplies power to the coil through a normally closed point; when the position marker (I or II) reaches the sensor II, the RS trigger is set to be 1, the Q end is at a high level, the relay works, the power supply supplies power to the coil through a normally open point, the polarity of the power supply is switched, and the magnetic poles of the electromagnetic coil group are reversed.

Furthermore, the relay is provided with two groups of normally open and normally closed switches, the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply are respectively connected with the normally open point and the normally closed point of the two groups of relays, and the common nodes of the two groups of relays are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil on the electromagnetic coil group.

The invention also comprises a using method of the magnetic coupler, which comprises the following steps:

1) after the coil is powered by direct current, the first sensor detects the first position marker, the RS triggers the relay, and a power supply is switched; when the polarity is in an initial state, corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state, the outer rotor is assumed to be used as a driving wheel, the inner rotor is assumed to be used as a driven wheel, the outer rotor drives the inner rotor to rotate, and the magnitude of torque is adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to realize power transmission;

2) when the outer rotor rotates for a certain angle, the angle is any value which is greater than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, the sensor is not triggered, the polarity of the magnetic poles is kept, the coil magnetic poles of the outer rotor can be acted by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil group still meets the transmission condition of power;

3) when the outer rotor moves for 90 degrees at the moment of the position of the previous moment, the second sensor is triggered, the relay is controlled to complete the polarity conversion of the power supply, and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil group is changed immediately;

4) when the outer rotor reaches the 90-degree position, the sensor II detects a signal of the position marker II, the RS trigger triggers the relay, the polarity conversion of the electromagnetic coil group is completed, and therefore the reciprocating motion is completed, and the power transmission is completed.

The invention adopts the structure to obtain the following beneficial effects: the magnetic coupler provided by the invention is simple to operate, compact in mechanism and reasonable in design, the outer rotor is an electromagnetic coil winding formed by coils, the inner rotor is made of permanent magnetic materials, a position marker is arranged at each magnetic pole position of the outer rotor, two sensors are respectively arranged at two adjacent magnetic pole positions of the inner rotor, and when any one sensor detects the marker, a relay is triggered to convert the polarity of a power supply, so that the magnetic poles of the coil winding are reversed, when the current and the magnetic force reach a saturation state, the rotating speeds of the outer rotor and the inner rotor are the same, and the synchronous transmission of the torque force is realized; the current of the coil is reduced, the rotating speed of the outer rotor is greater than that of the inner rotor, the force trend still exists, and the torque is coupled and transmitted by magnetic force, so that the speed change function is realized; in the using process, the current can be finely adjusted in a stepless manner at any time according to the requirement, so that the power transmission can be very continuous and smooth; the device efficiently realizes the functions of speed change and torque change in the power transmission process through a simple logic control circuit and voltage change.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first diagram illustrating a first motion state of a magnetic coupler according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a second state of motion of a magnetic coupler according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a third state of motion of a magnetic coupler according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is an overall connection diagram of a magnetic coupler according to the present invention.

The device comprises an outer rotor 1, an outer rotor 2, an electromagnetic coil group 3, an inner rotor 4, a position marker 5, a permanent magnet 6, a sensor 7, a logic control circuit 8, a position marker I, a position marker 9, a position marker II, a position marker 10, a sensor I11, a sensor II, a sensor 12, a coil 13, a relay 14, a power supply 15 and an RS trigger.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the magnetic coupler of the present invention includes an outer rotor 1, electromagnetic coil groups 2, an inner rotor 3, position markers 4, permanent magnets 5, sensors 6, and a logic control circuit 7, wherein the electromagnetic coil groups 2 are uniformly arranged on the outer rotor 1 at equal intervals, the position markers 4 are arranged on the outer rotor 1 corresponding to the electromagnetic coil groups 2, the inner rotor 3 is concentrically arranged in the outer rotor 1, the permanent magnets 5 are uniformly arranged on the inner rotor 3 at equal intervals, the sensors 6 are arranged on the permanent magnets 5 adjacent to the inner rotor 3, and the logic control circuit 7 is connected to the inner rotor 3.

The position markers 4 are provided with a plurality of groups, the position markers 4 are arranged on the outer rotor 1 corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group 2 at equal intervals, and the number of the position markers 4 is 1/2 of the number of the permanent magnets 5.

The number of the permanent magnets 5 is the same as that of the solenoid wire groups 2.

The sensor 6 is provided with two groups, the two groups are a first sensor 10 and a second sensor 11 respectively, and the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 11 are arranged on the adjacent permanent magnet 5 of the inner rotor 3.

The electromagnetic coil wire group 2 is provided with a coil 12.

The logic control circuit 7 comprises a relay 13, a power supply 14 and an RS trigger 15, the relay 13 is electrically connected with the power supply 14 and the RS trigger 15, the RS trigger 15 is electrically connected with the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 11, and the coil 12 is electrically connected with the relay 13.

The relay 13 is a relay 13 with two groups of normally open and normally closed switches.

1) after the coil 12 is powered by direct current, the first sensor 10 detects the first position marker 8, the RS triggers the relay 13, and the power supply 14 is switched; when the polarity is in an initial state, corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state, and if the outer rotor 1 serves as a driving wheel and the inner rotor 3 serves as a driven wheel, the outer rotor 1 drives the inner rotor 3 to rotate, and the magnitude of the torque is adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group 2, so that the transmission of power is realized;

2) when the outer rotor 1 rotates for a certain angle, the angle is any value which is greater than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, the sensor 6 is not triggered, the polarity of the magnetic pole is kept, the magnetic pole of the coil 12 of the outer rotor 1 can be acted by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor 3, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet 5 and the electromagnetic coil group 2 still meets the transmission condition of power;

3) when the outer rotor 1 moves to the position of 90 degrees at the moment, the second sensor 11 is triggered, the relay 13 is controlled to complete the polarity conversion of the power supply 14, and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil group 2 is changed immediately;

4) when the outer rotor 1 reaches the 90-degree position, the second sensor 11 detects a signal of the second position marker 9, the RS trigger 15 triggers the relay 13, the polarity conversion of the electromagnetic coil group 2 is completed, and therefore the reciprocating motion is completed, and the power transmission is completed.

In fig. 1, after the coil is powered by direct current, a first sensor detects a first position marker, an RS triggers a relay, the polarity of a power supply is switched, fig. 1 is a switched state, corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state, at this time, it is assumed that an outer rotor serves as a driving wheel, an inner rotor serves as a driven wheel, the outer rotor drives the inner rotor to rotate, and the magnitude of torque can be adjusted by controlling the voltage of a solenoid coil group, so that power transmission is realized.

In fig. 2, when the outer rotor rotates to the position of fig. 2, the sensor is not triggered, the polarity of the magnetic poles is maintained, the coil magnetic poles of the outer rotor are subjected to the acting forces of the "pull" and "push" of the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil group still meets the power transmission condition.

In fig. 3, at the moment when the outer rotor moves to the position immediately before the position in fig. 3, the second sensor is triggered, and controls the relay to complete the polarity conversion of the power supply, so that the current direction of the solenoid coil group is immediately changed to form the magnetic relationship in fig. 4 (fig. 3 is the state before the relay acts).

In fig. 4, when the outer rotor reaches the position of fig. 4, the second sensor detects a signal of the second position marker, the RS trigger triggers the relay, the polarity conversion of the electromagnetic coil group is completed, and the power transmission is completed by the reciprocation.

When the current and the magnetic force reach a saturation state, the rotating speeds of the outer rotor and the inner rotor are the same, and synchronous transmission of the torque force is realized; the electric current of the winding coil is reduced, the rotating speed of the outer rotor is greater than that of the inner rotor, the force trend still exists, the torque is coupled and transmitted by the magnetic force, the speed change function is realized, and in the use process, the magnitude of the electric current can be finely adjusted in a stepless manner at any time according to the requirement, so that the power transmission can be very coherent and smooth.

For convenience of understanding, the working principle of the magnetic pole is illustrated by taking 4 magnetic poles as an example in the figure. In actual use, the number of the magnetic poles can be increased under the condition allowed by the manufacturing technology, the more the number of the magnetic poles is, the smoother the power transmission is, the larger the torque is, (the structural mode can be radial and axial arrangement is adopted, the electromagnetic coil group can be arranged in an inner rotor and an outer rotor, a control device can be photoelectric and Hall, and the requirement is determined), even the magnetic poles can be used in series by two groups of devices, the axial angle difference is half of the included angle of the adjacent magnetic poles, and the number of the magnetic poles of the acting force can be doubled. After a certain control logic is changed, the two systems can also form motors for doing work, and can participate in power output in a hybrid system.

The device can efficiently realize the functions of speed change and torque change in the power transmission process through a simple logic control circuit and voltage change.

At present, the conversion efficiency of the high-performance brushless motor can reach about 95%, which is a multiple of 3, the improvement of the magnetic circuit design and the manufacturing process is mainly benefited, the manufacturing process of the scheme is basically the same as the brushless motor, but the principle is completely different. When a coil winding of the motor works, the current is large to meet the requirement of doing work, and how much power is needed for doing work.

The current in the coil winding of the device is only a bias current for keeping the magnetism of the coil, and does not participate in work, so the current is not too large, and moreover, because each coil winding is simultaneously supplied with power, the quantity of force acting on the magnetic pole reaches the maximum, the efficiency is higher, and the volume and the weight are smaller.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic coupling, characterized by: including outer rotor, solenoid group, inner rotor, position marker, permanent magnet, sensor and logic control circuit, the equal interval of solenoid group is evenly located on the outer rotor, the position marker is located on the corresponding outer rotor of solenoid group, the inner rotor is located in the outer rotor with one heart, the equal interval of permanent magnet is evenly located on the inner rotor, the sensor is located on the adjacent permanent magnet of inner rotor, logic control circuit links to each other with the inner rotor.

2. A magnetic coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the position markers are provided with a plurality of groups, the position markers are arranged on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group at equal intervals, and the number of the position markers is 1/2 of the number of the permanent magnets.

3. A magnetic coupling according to claim 2, wherein: the number of the permanent magnets is the same as that of the electromagnetic coil groups.

4. A magnetic coupling according to claim 3, wherein: the sensor is provided with two groups, the two groups are a first sensor and a second sensor respectively, and the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor.

5. A magnetic coupling according to claim 4, wherein: and the electromagnetic coil group is provided with a coil.

6. A magnetic coupling according to claim 5, wherein: the logic control circuit comprises a relay, a power supply and an RS trigger, the relay is electrically connected with the power supply and the RS trigger, the RS trigger is electrically connected with the first sensor and the second sensor, and the coil is electrically connected with the relay.

7. A magnetic coupling according to claim 6, wherein: the relay is provided with two groups of normally open and normally closed switches.

8. A magnetic coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of use of the magnetic coupling comprises the steps of: