CN112421796B - Multi-load wireless power transmission system with domino structure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-load wireless power transmission system with a domino structure, which comprises a transmitting unit, M+1 relay units, M receiving-transmitting units and a receiving unit, wherein the transmitting unit is connected with the M receiving-transmitting units; each unit is arranged at the forefront according to the transmitting unit, the receiving unit is arranged at the last, the middle is a relay unit, and the receiving-transmitting units are repeatedly arranged in sequence and are terminated by the relay unit; the adjacent units are sequentially subjected to wireless transmission of electric energy through electromagnetic coupling between transmitting and receiving coils in a loose coupling transformer. The system adopts a plurality of relay units as a high-order compensation network, realizes that the output voltage at two ends of each load is irrelevant to the load or other loads, and only depends on the ratio of mutual inductance between transmitting and receiving rings in two adjacent loosely-coupled transformers. Therefore, the system has the advantages of more freedom in design, simpler control, stronger environmental adaptability, lower cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-load wireless power transmission or multi-load wireless power transmission, in particular to a multi-load wireless power transmission system with a domino structure.
Background
Wireless power transmission technologies based on electromagnetic resonance coupling or electromagnetic induction coupling have evolved over the last decade. The wireless transmission technology can not only avoid the wire stumbling, bring convenience life to customers, but also hopefully provide electric energy for a plurality of receiving loads, thereby saving space and reducing material cost. In a conventional multi-load wireless power transmission system, a high-frequency inverter is generally used for supplying power to a resonant cavity of a transmitting end, a transmitting coil generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field and is coupled to a plurality of receiving coils, and magnetic energy in the receiving coils is converted into electric energy and then rectified to supply power to a plurality of loads. However, the load is often in a variable state, and the output voltage at two ends of the load and the output voltage at two ends of the rest load are changed severely, so that a voltage stabilizing module is usually added after the rectifying stage or the working angular frequency of the system is regulated in real time to control the stability of the final output voltage, and unfortunately, these measures can cause the increase of the material cost of the system and the complexity of the control flow, and also cause the decrease of the stability and the overall efficiency of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a multi-load wireless power transmission system with a domino structure, which can provide wireless transmission of power for a plurality of loads only by one power supply, and the different loads are not interfered with each other, so that the control flow of the system is simplified, and the design cost and the manufacturing cost of the system are reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a multi-load wireless power transmission system of domino structure, the system comprising 1 transmitting unit, m+1 relay units, M receiving-transmitting units and 1 receiving unit; the arrangement sequence of all the units is a transmitting unit, a1 st relay unit, a1 st receiving-transmitting unit, a2 nd relay unit, a2 nd receiving-transmitting unit, and so on, until an Mth relay unit and an Mth receiving-transmitting unit are respectively an Nth relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein M=1, 2, … … and N-1;
The transmitting unit is formed by sequentially connecting 1 alternating current voltage source, 1 transmitting compensation capacitor and 1 transmitting coil in series, wherein the working angular frequency of the alternating current voltage source is omega, and the effective value of a fundamental wave is U 0; each relay unit is formed by sequentially connecting 1 relay receiving coil, 1 relay compensation capacitor and 1 relay transmitting coil in series; each of the receiving-transmitting units has a composition of: the 1 receiving coil and the 1 receiving compensation capacitor are connected in series to form a resonant cavity, the 1 transmitting coil and the 1 transmitting compensation capacitor are connected in series to form another resonant cavity, and the two resonant cavities are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of a corresponding receiving load; the receiving unit is formed by sequentially connecting 1 receiving coil, 1 receiving compensation capacitor and corresponding receiving load in series;
the transmitting coil of the transmitting unit and the relay receiving coil of the 1 st relay unit form a1 st loose coupling transformer through electromagnetic coupling; the connection relationship between the 1 st to nth relay units and the 1 st to mth receiving-transmitting units is: the relay transmitting coil of the jth relay unit and the receiving coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit form a 2xj loosely-coupled transformer through electromagnetic coupling, and the transmitting coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit and the relay receiving coil of the jth+1th relay unit form a 2xj+1th loosely-coupled transformer through electromagnetic coupling, wherein j=1, 2, … … and M; finally, a relay transmitting coil of the Nth relay unit and a receiving coil of the receiving unit form a2 XN loosely-coupled transformer through electromagnetic coupling; the system sequentially carries out wireless transmission of electric energy through the 1 st to 2 XN loosely coupled transformers.
Further, the capacitance value of the emission compensation capacitor of the emission unit is selected according to C 'T0＝1/(ω2L'T0), and L' T0 represents the inductance value of the emission coil of the emission unit; the capacitance value of the relay compensation capacitor of the relay unit is taken according to C ' Ii＝1/[ω2(L'i1+L'i2), and L ' i1 and L ' i2 represent inductance values of a relay receiving coil and a relay transmitting coil of the relay unit, wherein i=1, 2, … … and N; the receiving compensation capacitance and the transmitting compensation capacitance of the receiving-transmitting unit take on values according to C ' Rj＝1/(ω2L'Rj)、C'Tj＝1/(ω2L'Tj) respectively, wherein L ' Rj and L ' Tj represent inductance values of a receiving coil and a transmitting coil of the receiving-transmitting unit; the capacitance value of the receiving compensation capacitor of the receiving unit takes on a value according to C 'RN＝1/(ω2L'RN), wherein L' RN represents the inductance value of the receiving coil of the receiving unit.
Further, when the parasitic resistances of all coils and compensation capacitors of the system are ignored, there is U i＝Ui-1Mi2/Mi1, where i=1, 2, … …, N, and when i is 1, then U 0 represents the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source, otherwise U i and U i-1 represent the voltage effective values at both ends of the i-th and i-1-th receiving loads, respectively, and M i1、Mi2 represents the mutual inductance between the two coils in the 2×i-1, 2×i loosely-coupled transformers, respectively, so when all the mutual inductances satisfy M 12/M11＝M22/M21＝…＝MN2/MN1 =1, the output voltage effective values at both ends of all receiving loads are theoretically equal to the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. The output voltage of the system is only related to mutual inductance among different units, and the parameters of the system elements are selected more freely.
2. The system can adjust the mutual inductance among different units according to different output voltage requirements, so that the system has stronger adaptability to the practical application environment.
3. The output voltage of the system is irrelevant to the load, and no complex control strategy and communication circuit between the primary side and the secondary side exist, so that the control cost and the material cost are obviously saved, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.
4. The system adopts the relay unit, and the unit not only realizes the characteristic that the output voltage is insensitive to the load, but also prolongs the transmission distance of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology circuit diagram of a domino-structured multi-load wireless power transmission system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a topology circuit diagram of an eight-load wireless power transmission system with domino structure according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing a variation curve of normalized output voltages at two ends of each receiving load with the normalized power load, when parasitic resistances of all the inductance coils are 150mΩ and the normalized power loads of the receiving loads are the same.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a variation curve of normalized output voltages at two ends of each receiving load along with mutual inductance, in consideration of parasitic resistances of all the inductance coils being 150mΩ, normalized power loads of each receiving load being 1, and mutual inductances between primary and secondary inductance coils in each loosely coupled transformer being the same, where μh is a unit of mutual inductance.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-load wireless power transmission system with domino structure provided by the invention comprises 1 transmitting unit 00; m+1 relay units 11,21, …, M1, N1; m receiving-transmitting units 12,22, …, M2; 1 receiving unit N2. The arrangement sequence of all the units is a transmitting unit, a1 st relay unit, a1 st receiving-transmitting unit, a2 nd relay unit, a2 nd receiving-transmitting unit, and so on, until an Mth relay unit and an Mth receiving-transmitting unit are respectively an Nth relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein M=1, 2, … … and N-1.
The transmitting unit 00 is formed by sequentially connecting 1 alternating current voltage source, 1 transmitting compensation capacitor C T0 and 1 transmitting coil L T0 in series, wherein the working angular frequency of the alternating current voltage source is omega, and the effective value of a fundamental wave is U 0; each relay unit i1 is formed by sequentially connecting 1 relay receiving coil L i1, 1 relay compensating capacitor C Ii and 1 relay transmitting coil L i2 in series, wherein i=1, 2, … … and N; each of the receiving-transmitting units j2 has a composition of: 1 receiving coil L Rj and 1 receiving compensation capacitor C Rj are connected in series to form a resonant cavity, 1 transmitting coil L Tj and 1 transmitting compensation capacitor C Tj are connected in series to form another resonant cavity, and the two resonant cavities are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of a corresponding receiving load R j, wherein j=1, 2, … … and M; the receiving unit N2 is formed by sequentially connecting 1 receiving coil L RN, 1 receiving compensation capacitor C RN and corresponding receiving load R N in series;
The transmitting coil L T0 of the transmitting unit 00 and the relay receiving coil L 11 of the 1 st relay unit 11 form a1 st loose coupling transformer #11 through electromagnetic coupling; the connection relationship between the 1 st to nth relay units and the 1 st to mth receiving-transmitting units is: the relay transmitting coil of the jth relay unit and the receiving coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit form a 2xj loosely-coupled transformer #j2 through electromagnetic coupling, and the transmitting coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit and the relay receiving coil of the jth+1 relay unit form a 2xj+1 loosely-coupled transformer# (j+1) 1 through electromagnetic coupling; finally, the relay transmitting coil L N2 of the nth relay unit N1 and the receiving coil L RN of the receiving unit N2 form a2×n loosely-coupled transformer #n2 through electromagnetic coupling; the system sequentially carries out wireless transmission of electric energy through the 1 st to 2 XN loosely coupled transformers.
The capacitance of the emission compensation capacitor C T0 of the emission unit 00 is selected according to C 'T0＝1/(ω2L'T0), and L' T0 represents the inductance value of the emission coil L T0 of the emission unit 00; The capacitance of the relay compensation capacitor C Ii of the relay unit takes on the value according to C' Ii＝1/[ω2(L'i1+L'i2), L 'i1 and L' i2 denote inductance values of the relay receiving coil L i1 and the relay transmitting coil L i2 of the relay unit; The receiving compensation capacitor C Rj and the transmitting compensation capacitor C Tj of the receiving-transmitting unit take on values according to C' Rj＝1/(ω2L'Rj)、C'Tj＝1/(ω2L'Tj) respectively, Wherein L 'Rj and L' Tj represent inductance values of the receiving coil L Rj and the transmitting coil L Tj of the receiving-transmitting unit; The capacitance of the receiving compensation capacitor C RN of the receiving unit takes on the value according to C 'RN＝1/(ω2L'RN), where L' RN represents the inductance value of the receiving coil L RN of the receiving unit.
When the parasitic resistances of all coils and compensation capacitors of the system are ignored, there are U i＝Ui-1Mi2/Mi1, i=1, 2, … … and N, where when i is 1, U 0 represents the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source, otherwise U i and U i-1 represent the voltage effective values at both ends of the i-th and i-1-th receiving loads respectively, and M i1、Mi2 represents the mutual inductance between two coils in the 2 x i-1 and 2 x i loosely coupled transformers respectively, so that, when all the mutual inductances satisfy M 12/M11＝M22/M21＝…＝MN2/MN1 =1, the output voltage effective values at both ends of all receiving loads are theoretically equal to the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source.
The multi-load wireless power transmission system with the domino structure provided by the embodiment adopts a plurality of relay units embedded therein, and the relay units not only play the role of a high-order compensation network, but also can further prolong the wireless power transmission distance of the system; the coils and the compensation capacitors of each loop form a resonant cavity, and when the natural angular frequency of each resonant cavity is the same as the working angular frequency of the alternating-current voltage source and parasitic resistances of the coils and the compensation capacitors are ignored, the characteristic that the theoretical expression of each output voltage is irrelevant to a load can be realized.
In the following, an eight-load wireless power transmission system with domino structure will be specifically described.
As shown in fig. 2, the eight-load wireless power transmission system of domino structure includes 1 transmitting unit 00;8 relay units 11,21, …,71,81;7 receiving-transmitting units 12,22, …,72; 1 receiving unit 82; the arrangement sequence of the units is a transmitting unit, a first relay unit, a first receiving-transmitting unit, a second relay unit, a second receiving-transmitting unit and the like, until a seventh relay unit and a seventh receiving-transmitting unit are arranged, and finally, the units are respectively an eighth relay unit and a receiving unit; all adjacent units are sequentially subjected to wireless transmission of electric energy through electromagnetic coupling between the transmitting coils and the receiving coils in loose coupling transformers #11, #12, …,81 and 82. The transmitting unit 00 is formed by sequentially connecting an alternating current voltage source with the working angular frequency omega and the fundamental wave effective value U 0, a transmitting compensation capacitor C T0 and a transmitting coil L T0 in series; each relay unit n1 is formed by sequentially connecting 1 relay receiving coil L n1, relay compensating capacitor C In and relay transmitting coil L n2 in series, wherein n=1, 2, … … and 8; The composition of each receiving-transmitting unit m2 is: 1 receiving coil L Rm and 1 receiving compensation capacitor C Rm are connected in series to form a resonant cavity, 1 transmitting coil L Tm and 1 transmitting compensation capacitor C Tm are connected in series to form another resonant cavity, the two resonant cavities are respectively connected in parallel with two ends of a corresponding receiving load R m, wherein m=1, 2, … … and 7; The receiving unit 82 is formed by sequentially connecting 1 receiving coil L R8, 1 receiving compensation capacitor C R8 and corresponding receiving load R 8 in series; the branch in which the receiving coil and the receiving compensation capacitor are connected in series is called a receiving part, and the branch in which the transmitting inductance coil and the transmitting compensation capacitor are connected in series is called a transmitting part.
The capacitance value of the emission compensation capacitor C T0 of the emission unit 00 is selected according to C' T0＝1/(ω2L'T0); The capacitance of the relay compensation capacitor C In is taken as C 'In＝1/[ω2(L'n1+L'n2), where n=1, 2, … …, 8, L' T0 represents the inductance of the transmitting coil L T0, L 'n1 and L' n2 represent inductance values of the relay receiving coils L n1 and L n2 relay transmitting coils; The receiving compensation capacitor C Rm and the transmitting compensation capacitor C Tm respectively take on values according to C' Rm＝1/(ω2L'Rj)、C'Tm＝1/(ω2L'Tj), where L 'Rm and L' Tm represent the inductance values of the receive coil L Rm and the transmit coil L Tm, Wherein m=1, 2, … …, 7; The capacitance of the reception compensation capacitor C R8 of the reception unit takes on the value according to C 'R8＝1/(ω2L'R8), where L' R8 represents the inductance value of the reception coil L R8.
Therefore, the reflection impedance of the transmission portion reflected by the nth relay unit to the transmission unit or the n-1 th reception-transmission unit is:
Wherein r In represents the resistance value of the total parasitic resistance of the relay receiving inductance coil and the relay transmitting inductance coil of the nth relay unit; and Z nR represents the loop equivalent impedance of the nth relay unit, and can be expressed as follows:
Wherein r Tn、rRn represents the resistance of the parasitic resistance of the relay transmitting inductance coil and the relay receiving inductance coil of the nth relay unit respectively; r n represents the equivalent resistance value of the nth receiving load.
Therefore, when the parasitic resistances of all the compensation capacitances are ignored and the parasitic resistances of all the inductance coils are assumed to be zero, the output voltages across the respective receiving loads can be expressed as follows:
Wherein M n1 and M n2 represent mutual inductances between the primary side inductor and the secondary side inductor in the # n1 and # n2 loosely coupled transformers, respectively.
Therefore, when the parasitic resistances of all the compensation capacitances are ignored, the parasitic resistances of all the inductance coils are assumed to be zero, and the mutual inductance satisfies equation (4),
M12/M11＝M22/M21＝...＝M82/M81 (4)
The theoretical relationship between the effective value of the output voltage across each receiving load and the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source can be expressed as follows:
U8＝U7＝...＝U0 (5)
in theory, if the condition expressed by the formula (4) is satisfied, it is not dared how the mutual inductance changes, and the characteristic expressed by the formula (5) can still be realized.
In practical application, parasitic resistance is commonly existed in the inductance coil, and in order to study the influence of the parasitic resistance on the system performance, the embodiment assumes the following system parameters: the fundamental wave effective value of the alternating-current voltage source is U 0 = 27V, and the working angular frequency is 3.142 multiplied by 10 6 rad/s; the inductance values of the inductance coils are the same and are 60 mu H; the capacitance values of the relay compensation capacitors of the relay units are identical and are 0.8445nF; the capacitance values of the rest compensation capacitors are the same and are 1.689nF; the parasitic resistance of each inductance coil has the same resistance value and is 150mΩ; in addition, the mutual inductances between the primary side inductance coil and the secondary side inductance coil of each loose coupling transformer are equal, and each receiving load is the same.
The normalized output voltage is defined as follows:
Un/U0 (6)
The normalized power load is defined as follows:
ωM0/Rn (7)
where M 0 = 9 μh.
The change curve of the normalized output voltage at two ends of each receiving load along with the normalized power load is obtained through circuit simulation and is shown in figure 3; the change curve of the normalized output voltage at the two ends of each receiving load along with the mutual inductance is shown in fig. 4, wherein mu H is the unit of mutual inductance; where V 1 to V 8 represent the normalized output voltages across the 1 st to 8 th receive loads, respectively.
The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-load wireless power transmission system of domino structure, which is characterized in that: the system comprises 1 transmitting unit (00), m+1 relay units (11, 21, …, M1, N1), M receiving-transmitting units (12, 22, …, M2) and 1 receiving unit (N2); the arrangement sequence of all the units is a transmitting unit, a1 st relay unit, a1 st receiving-transmitting unit, a2 nd relay unit, a2 nd receiving-transmitting unit, and so on, until an Mth relay unit and an Mth receiving-transmitting unit are respectively an Nth relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein M=1, 2, … … and N-1;
The transmitting unit (00) is formed by sequentially connecting 1 alternating current voltage source, 1 transmitting compensation capacitor (C T0) and 1 transmitting coil (L T0) in series, wherein the working angular frequency of the alternating current voltage source is omega, and the effective value of a fundamental wave is U 0; each relay unit (i 1) is formed by sequentially connecting 1 relay receiving coil (L i1), 1 relay compensating capacitor (C Ii) and 1 relay transmitting coil (L i2) in series, wherein i=1, 2, … … and N; each receiving-transmitting unit (j 2) has a composition of: 1 receiving coil (L Rj) and 1 receiving compensation capacitor (C Rj) are connected in series to form a resonant cavity, 1 transmitting coil (L Tj) and 1 transmitting compensation capacitor (C Tj) are connected in series to form another resonant cavity, and the two resonant cavities are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of a corresponding receiving load (R j), wherein j=1, 2, … … and M; the receiving unit (N2) is formed by sequentially connecting 1 receiving coil (L RN), 1 receiving compensation capacitor (C RN) and corresponding receiving load (R N) in series;
A transmitting coil (L T0) of the transmitting unit (00) and a relay receiving coil (L 11) of the 1 st relay unit (11) form a 1 st loose coupling transformer (# 11) through electromagnetic coupling; the connection relationship between the 1 st to nth relay units and the 1 st to mth receiving-transmitting units is: the relay transmitting coil of the jth relay unit and the receiving coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit form a 2xj loose coupling transformer (#j+1) through electromagnetic coupling, and the transmitting coil of the jth receiving-transmitting unit and the relay receiving coil of the jth relay unit form a 2xj+1 loose coupling transformer (#j+1) 1) through electromagnetic coupling; finally, the relay transmitting coil (L N2) of the nth relay unit (N1) and the receiving coil (L RN) of the receiving unit (N2) constitute a 2×n loosely-coupled transformer (#n2) by electromagnetic coupling; the system sequentially carries out wireless transmission of electric energy through the 1 st to 2 XN loosely coupled transformers.
2. A domino structured multi-load wireless power transfer system in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the capacitance value of the emission compensation capacitor (C T0) of the emission unit (00) is selected according to C 'T0＝1/(ω2L'T0, and L' T0 represents the inductance value of the emission coil (L T0) of the emission unit (00); The capacitance value of the relay compensation capacitor (C Ii) of the relay unit is the value according to C' Ii＝1/[ω2(L'i1+L'i2), L 'i1 and L' i2 denote inductance values of a relay receiving coil (L i1) and a relay transmitting coil (L i2) of the relay unit; the receiving compensation capacitor (C Rj) and the transmitting compensation capacitor (C Tj) of the receiving-transmitting unit respectively take values according to C' Rj＝1/(ω2L'Rj)、C'Tj＝1/(ω2L'Tj), Wherein L 'Rj and L' Tj represent inductance values of a receiving coil (L Rj) and a transmitting coil (L Tj) of the receiving-transmitting unit; The capacitance of the receiving compensation capacitor (C RN) of the receiving unit takes on the value according to C 'RN＝1/(ω2L'RN), wherein L' RN represents the inductance value of the receiving coil (L RN) of the receiving unit.
3. A domino structured multi-load wireless power transfer system in accordance with claim 1 wherein: when the parasitic resistances of all coils and compensation capacitors of the system are ignored, there are U i＝Ui-1Mi2/Mi1, i=1, 2, … … and N, where when i is 1, U 0 represents the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source, otherwise U i and U i-1 represent the voltage effective values at both ends of the i-th and i-1-th receiving loads respectively, and M i1、Mi2 represents the mutual inductance between two coils in the 2 x i-1 and 2 x i loosely coupled transformers respectively, so that, when all the mutual inductances satisfy M 12/M11＝M22/M21＝…＝MN2/MN1 =1, the output voltage effective values at both ends of all receiving loads are theoretically equal to the fundamental effective value of the ac voltage source.
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