CN112420950B - Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device - Google Patents

Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112420950B
CN112420950B CN202011283925.3A CN202011283925A CN112420950B CN 112420950 B CN112420950 B CN 112420950B CN 202011283925 A CN202011283925 A CN 202011283925A CN 112420950 B CN112420950 B CN 112420950B
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layer
pixel
pixel definition
sublayer
light
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CN112420950A (en
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王德祺
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10OLED displays
    • H10K59/12Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80Constructional details
    • H10K50/85Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/856Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10OLED displays
    • H10K59/12Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201Manufacture or treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549Organic PV cells

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device. The display panel includes: the organic light emitting diode comprises an array substrate, a pixel definition layer and an organic light emitting layer which are arranged on the array substrate, and a pixel opening area defined by the pixel definition layer, wherein the organic light emitting layer is arranged in the pixel opening area; the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition sublayer and a second pixel definition sublayer, wherein the first pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the array substrate, the second pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the first pixel definition sublayer, and the refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer is larger than that of the first pixel definition sublayer. In the embodiment of the invention, the double-layer structure with different refractive indexes of the pixel defining layer utilizes the total reflection theory of light, the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer is transmitted among different medium layers of the pixel defining layer, and part of light rays larger than the critical angle are reflected for multiple times and emitted upwards, so that the light emitting efficiency of the display panel is effectively improved.

Description

Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display panels, in particular to a display panel, a preparation method of the display panel and a display device.
Background
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) Display is a mainstream Display product in the market at present because of its advantages of flexibility, self-luminescence, wide viewing angle, etc., and is known as a Display technology having the most potential development after Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The OLED light-emitting device adopts a sandwich structure, when current is introduced into two ends of the OLED light-emitting device, electrons and holes are injected into the organic light-emitting layer, and different organic light-emitting materials emit light with different colors under the excitation of excitons, so that the OLED light-emitting device is applied to various display products.
At present, most of OLED light emission adopts a top-emitting mode. For a display panel, the light extraction efficiency is an important evaluation parameter for a display screen. However, due to the uncertainty of light extraction and the light transmission of the pixel defining layer, a part of the light emitted from the organic light emitting layer is emitted from the side of the pixel defining layer structure, and the part of the light is continuously reflected and refracted in the pixel defining layer and lost, thereby reducing the light extraction efficiency of the top emission of the display panel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device, and aims to solve the technical problem that the light emitting efficiency of top light emission is low in the existing display panel.
The embodiment of the invention provides a display panel, which comprises an array substrate, a pixel definition layer and an organic light-emitting layer which are arranged on the array substrate, and a pixel opening area defined by the pixel definition layer, wherein the organic light-emitting layer is arranged in the pixel opening area;
the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition sublayer and a second pixel definition sublayer, wherein the first pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the array substrate, the second pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the first pixel definition sublayer, and the refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer is larger than that of the first pixel definition sublayer.
In some embodiments, the organic light emitting layer includes an anode layer disposed on the array substrate, a light emitting functional layer disposed on the anode layer, and a cathode layer disposed on the light emitting functional layer;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting function layer to the array substrate is larger than that of the first pixel definition sub-layer.
In some embodiments, a thickness from the lower surface of the light emitting functional layer to the array substrate is greater than a thickness of the first pixel defining sub-layer.
In some embodiments, the first pixel-defining sub-layer and the second pixel-defining sub-layer are made of organic photoresist.
In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel defining sublayer and the refractive index of the first pixel defining sublayer is 0.5.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a display panel, which comprises the following steps:
providing an array substrate, forming a pixel definition layer on the array substrate, wherein the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition sub-layer formed on the array substrate and a second pixel definition sub-layer formed on the first pixel definition sub-layer;
defining a pixel opening area in the pixel definition layer, and forming an organic light-emitting layer arranged on the array substrate in the pixel opening area;
the second pixel-defining sub-layer has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the first pixel-defining sub-layer.
In some embodiments, the step of forming an organic light emitting layer disposed on the array substrate in the pixel opening area includes:
forming an anode layer on the array substrate, forming a light-emitting functional layer on the anode layer, and forming a cathode layer on the light-emitting functional layer;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer to the array substrate is larger than that of the first pixel definition sub-layer.
In some embodiments, a thickness from the lower surface of the light emitting function layer to the array substrate is greater than a thickness of the first pixel defining sub-layer.
In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel defining sub-layer and the refractive index of the first pixel defining sub-layer is 0.5.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including the display panel described in any of the foregoing embodiments.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device, wherein the specific embodiment of the invention adopts a double-layer structure with different refractive indexes of a pixel definition layer, and utilizes the theory of total reflection of light, the light emitted by an organic light-emitting layer propagates among different medium layers of the pixel definition layer, wherein the partial light rays which are larger than a critical angle can be totally reflected and are reflected upwards in the pixel definition layer for multiple times, and the light-emitting efficiency of the display panel is effectively improved.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A-2B are schematic structural diagrams of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3A-3E are flowcharts illustrating a hierarchical structure of a display panel manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a process of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100-an array substrate; 200-an organic light emitting layer; 201-anode layer; 202-a light-emitting functional layer; 203-a cathode layer; 300-pixel definition layer; 301-a first pixel definition sublayer; 302-a second pixel definition sublayer; 400-pixel open area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, including an array substrate 100, a pixel defining layer 300 and an organic light emitting layer 200 disposed on the array substrate 100, and a pixel opening area 400 defined by the pixel defining layer 300, wherein the organic light emitting layer 200 is disposed in the pixel opening area 400;
the pixel definition layer 200 includes a first pixel definition sublayer 301 disposed on the array substrate 100 and a second pixel definition sublayer 302 disposed on the first pixel definition sublayer 301, and a refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer 302 is greater than a refractive index of the first pixel definition sublayer 301.
It can be understood that the display panel in this embodiment may be an OLED display panel, and the top emission light efficiency of the OLED display panel in the top emission mode is not high because the light emitting direction is uncertain and the pixel defining layer 300 of the display panel has a certain light transmittance, which causes a part of the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer 200 to be emitted from the side of the pixel defining layer 300, or the light is emitted into the array substrate 100 below the pixel defining layer 300 after being reflected for multiple times in the pixel defining layer 300, thereby reducing the light emitting efficiency of the display panel.
The pixel definition layer 300 in this embodiment includes a first pixel definition sublayer 301 disposed on the array substrate 100 and a second pixel definition sublayer 302 disposed on the first pixel definition sublayer 301, and on the basis of the original pixel definition layer structure, the structure of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 is increased, and meanwhile, the refractive index of the material of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 is lower than that of the material of the original pixel definition layer, that is, the refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer 302 is greater than that of the first pixel definition sublayer 301. When the light beam emitted from the organic light emitting layer 200 in the pixel opening area 400 is incident into the pixel defining layer 300, due to the total reflection theory of light, when the light beam is emitted from the second pixel defining sublayer 302 to the first pixel defining sublayer 301, a part of the light beam larger than the critical angle is totally reflected at the interface between the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and the first pixel defining sublayer 301, and the part of the light beam does not pass through the first pixel defining sublayer 301 and is emitted to the array substrate 100 below, and the part of the light beam changes direction after being reflected for multiple times in the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and is finally emitted to the upper side of the pixel defining layer 300, thereby effectively improving the light emitting efficiency of the display panel.
As shown in fig. 2A-2B, the organic light emitting layer 200 includes an anode layer 201 disposed on the array substrate 100, a light emitting function layer 202 disposed on the anode layer 201, and a cathode layer 203 disposed on the light emitting function layer 202;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light emitting function layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301.
It is understood that, there are metal traces and thin film transistor switches (not shown in the figure) on the array substrate 100 for driving and controlling the light emission of the organic light emitting layer 200; the anode layer 201 is disposed on the array substrate 100, and may function as an anode to conduct electricity, and a light emitting function layer 202 is formed on the anode layer 201 by an evaporation or inkjet printing process. After the organic light emitting layer 200 is turned on by power-on, if the thickness from the upper surface of the light emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is lower than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 in the horizontal direction, the light beam emitted from the light emitting functional layer 202 enters the first pixel definition sublayer 301 from the side edge of the first pixel definition sublayer 301, and because the material of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 has a certain light transmittance, the light beam directly passes through the first pixel definition sublayer 301 and then exits from the side edge, and the total reflection phenomenon does not occur at the interface between the second pixel definition sublayer 302 and the first pixel definition sublayer 301, which causes the light beam loss and further reduces the light extraction efficiency of the display panel. In this embodiment, the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is limited to be greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301, a part of the light beam emitted by the light-emitting functional layer 202 enters the second pixel definition sublayer 302 from the side edge of the second pixel definition sublayer 302, when the light beam is emitted from the second pixel definition sublayer 302 to the first pixel definition sublayer 301, a part of the light beam larger than the critical angle is totally reflected at the layer interface between the second pixel definition sublayer 302 and the first pixel definition sublayer 301, and the part of the light beam is not emitted to the array substrate 100 below the first pixel definition sublayer 301 through the first pixel definition sublayer 301, so that the loss of the light beam is reduced, and the light extraction efficiency of the display panel can be effectively improved.
The thickness from the lower surface of the light emitting function layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301.
In order to further improve the light extraction efficiency of the display panel, the thickness from the lower surface of the light-emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is defined to be higher than the thickness of the first pixel definition sub-layer 301 in the horizontal direction, the whole light-emitting functional layer 202 is higher than the first pixel definition sub-layer 301 in the horizontal direction, all light beams emitted by the light-emitting functional layer 202 enter the second pixel definition sub-layer 302 from the side edge of the second pixel definition sub-layer 302, and thus the loss of the light beams directly passing through the first pixel definition sub-layer 301 is greatly reduced.
It is to be understood that the thickness of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301 should be as thin as possible to prevent the light beam of the light emitting functional layer 202 from entering from the side thereof; preferably, the first pixel defining sub-layer has a thickness of about 5 um.
The first pixel definition sublayer 301 and the second pixel definition sublayer 302 are made of organic photoresist materials. An organic photoresist material is commonly used for pattern etching in the field of display panels, the pixel defining layer 300 is made of an organic photoresist material, and a required pixel defining layer 300 structure is prepared through an exposure and development technology; the photoresist material used by the pixel defining layer 300 includes at least one of polyimide, acrylic, phenolic resin, and the like.
In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and the refractive index of the first pixel defining sublayer 301 is 0.5. Based on the theory of total reflection of light, the light rays are totally reflected after being emitted from the optically dense medium into the optically sparse medium at a critical angle; the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer 302 and the refractive index of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 can be adaptively adjusted according to actual requirements.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, as shown in fig. 3A to 3E and fig. 4, the method includes:
step S10: providing an array substrate 100, forming a pixel definition layer 300 on the array substrate 100, wherein the pixel definition layer 300 comprises forming a first pixel definition sub-layer 301 on the array substrate 100 and forming a second pixel definition sub-layer 302 on the first pixel definition sub-layer 301;
defining a pixel opening area 400 in the pixel defining layer 300, and forming an organic light emitting layer 200 disposed on the array substrate in the pixel opening area 400;
the refractive index of the second pixel defining sub-layer 302 is greater than the refractive index of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301.
Step S20: the step of forming the organic light emitting layer 200 disposed on the array substrate 100 in the pixel opening area 400 includes: forming an anode layer 201 on the array substrate 100, forming a light emitting function layer 202 on the anode layer 201, and forming a cathode layer 203 on the light emitting function layer 202;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301; the thickness from the lower surface of the light emitting function layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301.
It is understood that the pixel defining layer 300 includes a first pixel defining sub-layer 301 disposed on the array substrate 100 and a second pixel defining sub-layer 302 disposed on the first pixel defining sub-layer 301, the structure of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301 is increased based on the structure of the original pixel defining sub-layer, and the refractive index of the material of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301 is lower than that of the material of the original pixel defining sub-layer, that is, the refractive index of the second pixel defining sub-layer 302 is greater than that of the first pixel defining sub-layer 301. The thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301, the thickness from the lower surface of the light-emitting functional layer 202 to the array substrate 100 is greater than the thickness of the first pixel definition sublayer 301 in the horizontal direction, the whole light-emitting functional layer 202 is greater than the first pixel definition sublayer 301 in the horizontal direction, and all light beams emitted by the light-emitting functional layer 202 enter the second pixel definition sublayer 302 from the side edge of the second pixel definition sublayer 302. When the light beam emitted from the organic light emitting layer 200 in the pixel opening area 400 enters the second pixel defining sublayer 302, due to the total reflection theory of light, when the light beam is emitted from the second pixel defining sublayer 302 to the first pixel defining sublayer 301, a part of the light beam larger than the critical angle is totally reflected at the interface between the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and the first pixel defining sublayer 301, and the part of the light beam does not pass through the first pixel defining sublayer 301 and is emitted to the array substrate 100 below, and the part of the light beam changes direction after being reflected for multiple times in the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and is emitted to the upper side of the pixel defining layer 300, so that the light emitting efficiency of the display panel is effectively improved.
Step S30: the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel defining sublayer 302 and the refractive index of the first pixel defining sublayer 301 is 0.5. Based on the theory of total reflection of light, the phenomenon of total reflection occurs after light rays are emitted from an optically dense medium into an optically sparse medium at a critical angle; the difference between the refractive index of the second pixel-defining sublayer 302 and the refractive index of the first pixel-defining sublayer 301 can be adaptively adjusted according to actual requirements.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including the display panel described in any one of the foregoing embodiments. For a specific structure of the display panel, please refer to the embodiment of the array substrate and fig. 1-2B as described in any of the previous embodiments, which is not repeated herein.
The invention discloses a display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device, wherein in the specific embodiment of the invention, a double-medium-layer structure with different refractive indexes of a pixel definition layer utilizes the theory of total reflection of light, the light emitted by an organic light-emitting layer propagates among different medium layers of the pixel definition layer, wherein part of light rays larger than a critical angle can be totally reflected and are reflected upwards to be emitted out in the pixel definition layer for multiple times, and the light-emitting efficiency of the display panel is effectively improved.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present text by applying specific examples, and the above description of the examples is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A display panel is characterized by comprising an array substrate, a pixel definition layer and an organic light-emitting layer which are arranged on the array substrate, and a pixel opening area defined by the pixel definition layer, wherein the organic light-emitting layer is arranged in the pixel opening area;
the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition sublayer and a second pixel definition sublayer, wherein the first pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the array substrate, the second pixel definition sublayer is arranged on the first pixel definition sublayer, and the refractive index of the second pixel definition sublayer is larger than that of the first pixel definition sublayer;
the organic light-emitting layer comprises an anode layer arranged on the array substrate, a light-emitting functional layer arranged on the anode layer, and a cathode layer arranged on the light-emitting functional layer;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer to the array substrate is larger than that of the first pixel definition sublayer, part of light beams emitted by the light-emitting functional layer can enter the second pixel definition sublayer from the side edge of the second pixel definition sublayer, and when the light beams irradiate towards the first pixel definition sublayer from the second pixel definition sublayer, part of the light beams larger than the critical angle can be subjected to a total reflection phenomenon at a layer interface between the second pixel definition sublayer and the first pixel definition sublayer.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a thickness from a lower surface of the light emitting functional layer to the array substrate is larger than a thickness of the first pixel defining sub-layer.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel-defining sub-layer and the second pixel-defining sub-layer are both made of an organic photoresist material.
4. The display panel of claim 1, wherein a difference between a refractive index of the second pixel defining sublayer and a refractive index of the first pixel defining sublayer is 0.5.
5. A method for manufacturing a display panel, the method comprising:
providing an array substrate, forming a pixel definition layer on the array substrate, wherein the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition sub-layer formed on the array substrate and a second pixel definition sub-layer formed on the first pixel definition sub-layer;
defining a pixel opening area in the pixel definition layer, and forming an organic light emitting layer arranged on the array substrate in the pixel opening area;
the refractive index of the second pixel-defining sub-layer is greater than the refractive index of the first pixel-defining sub-layer;
forming an anode layer on the array substrate, forming a light-emitting functional layer on the anode layer, and forming a cathode layer on the light-emitting functional layer;
the thickness from the upper surface of the light-emitting functional layer to the array substrate is larger than that of the first pixel definition sublayer, part of light beams emitted by the light-emitting functional layer can enter the second pixel definition sublayer from the side edge of the second pixel definition sublayer, and when the light beams irradiate towards the first pixel definition sublayer from the second pixel definition sublayer, part of the light beams larger than the critical angle can be subjected to a total reflection phenomenon at a layer interface between the second pixel definition sublayer and the first pixel definition sublayer.
6. The method of manufacturing a display panel according to claim 5, wherein a thickness from a lower surface of the light-emitting functional layer to the array substrate is larger than a thickness of the first pixel-defining sub-layer.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein a difference between a refractive index of the second pixel-defining sub-layer and a refractive index of the first pixel-defining sub-layer is 0.5.
8. A display device comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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