CN112420338A - Protective transformer and safe heat dissipation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective transformer and a safe heat dissipation method thereof, wherein the protective transformer comprises a transformer body, two sides of the transformer body are respectively provided with a protective groove for preventing a voltage transformation circuit interface from being exposed and touched by mistake, the bottoms of the protective grooves on the two sides are respectively provided with a power-off protection device for disconnecting the input and output ends of external voltage to be transformed by overheating, the middle part of the transformer body is provided with a combined structure formed by an iron core, a winding and a winding framework, and the bottom of the transformer body is provided with an oil pipe cooling structure for heat dissipation and cooling of the combined structure. According to the invention, the normal work of the transformer is maintained by arranging the oil pipe cooling structure for processing heat generated under the normal work condition of the coil, and the breakpoint protection device for processing abnormal overheating is arranged, so that the damage of the transformer caused by overheating is avoided, and the safety of the transformer in the normal work is improved.

Description

Protective transformer and safe heat dissipation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a protective transformer and a safe heat dissipation method thereof.

Background

A transformer, i.e. an electric power device which can change the value of alternating current and transform impedance or change phase by using faraday's electromagnetic induction and using a primary coil, a secondary coil, and a magnetic core to transform the alternating voltage of a certain value into the alternating voltage of another value with the same frequency;

the transformer coil generates heat in the working process, the existing transformer heat dissipation and cooling mostly adopts physical methods for heat dissipation such as oil circulation, air cooling and the like, and the methods can take away the heat of the coil to dissipate into the air;

the physical heat dissipation method in the prior art only considers the heat dissipation treatment of the coil, but does not consider the phenomenon that the coil generates abnormal overheating due to overlarge current flowing into the transformer caused by the fault of a transformation circuit, at the moment, the phenomenon cannot be effectively relieved only by a normal heat dissipation structure, and the transformer is damaged due to the fact that the abnormal overheating is not treated for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a protective transformer, a safe heat dissipation method thereof and a safe heat dissipation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the physical heat dissipation method in the prior art only considers the heat dissipation treatment under the normal working condition of a coil, but does not consider the abnormal overheating phenomenon caused by the overlarge current flowing in the transformer due to the fault of a transformation circuit of the coil, the abnormal overheating cannot be effectively relieved by only depending on a normal heat dissipation structure, and the transformer is damaged due to the long-time non-treatment of the abnormal overheating.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:

a protective transformer and a safe heat radiation method thereof comprise a transformer body, wherein both sides of the transformer body are provided with protective grooves for preventing a voltage transformation circuit interface from being exposed and touched by mistake, the bottoms of the protective grooves on both sides are provided with power-off protection devices for disconnecting the input and output ends of external voltage to be transformed by overheating, the middle part of the transformer body is provided with a combined structure formed by an iron core, a winding and a winding framework, and the bottom of the transformer body is provided with an oil pipe cooling structure for cooling the combined structure by heat radiation;

the oil pipe cooling structure comprises an oil pipe layer arranged on the surface of the combined structure, an oil tank for storing condensed oil and an oil pump for providing power, wherein an oil pipe is arranged inside the oil pipe layer, a pipe orifice at one end of the oil pipe is connected with a suction outlet of the oil pump, a pipe orifice at the other end of the oil pipe extends below the oil level of the oil tank, a suction inlet of the oil pump extends below the oil level of the oil tank, a conduction block for condensation is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank, the oil circulates in a pipeline passage formed by the oil pipe, the oil tank and the oil pump under the action of the oil pump, and the oil completes heat conversion in the pipeline passage to achieve the purpose of heat;

the power-off protection device comprises an interface and a relay circuit, wherein the exposed end of the interface is electrically connected with the external to-be-transformed voltage, and the internal end of the interface is electrically connected with the relay circuit.

Furthermore, the surface of integrated configuration is equipped with temperature sensor, temperature sensor and controller electric connection, and controller and oil pump are by not receive the outside independent power supply of waiting to vary voltage influence, the temperature information feedback on temperature sensor monitoring integrated configuration surface is to the controller, and the controller control oil pump and relay circuit dispel the heat or break off the external voltage input and stop generating heat.

Further, the protection groove comprises an embedded groove and a safety door connected to the upper end of the embedded groove and used for sealing the embedded groove, and an insulating layer and a dehumidification layer are sequentially laid on the surface of the inner wall of the embedded groove and used for isolating electric leakage of internal elements of the power-off protection device and keeping the internal elements of the power-off protection device dry.

Furthermore, the emergency exit includes door plant, spring leaf and connecting piece, the spring leaf tiling is fixed at the door plant surface and carries out the spiral with the connecting piece to reserve the top tie point outward, the connecting piece is with the top tie point of spring leaf and the top edge looks spiral connection of embedded recess, and the door plant four sides just can be with embedded recess four sides looks wedging.

Further, when the relay circuit works normally, the voltage between the control contacts is 0V, the communication contacts are in a closed access state, and the voltage to be transformed can flow into the transformer; when the temperature information received by the controller is higher than the highest temperature threshold value, the voltage between the control contacts of the relay circuit is adjusted to be 5V, the connecting contacts are in a disconnected and broken state, and the voltage to be transformed cannot flow into the transformer.

Furthermore, a heat dissipation hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the combined structure, of the upper shell of the transformer body.

Furthermore, the temperature sensor and the relay circuit adopt explosion-proof or intrinsically safe elements, and a flame-retardant cable meeting explosion-proof requirements is adopted as a cable between the controller and the sensor and relay circuit.

Furthermore, the oil pipe layer is wrapped on the outer wall surface of the combined structure by adopting a hoop-barrel type connecting method, the oil pipes are arranged in the oil pipe layer by adopting spiral windings, the oil pipes are made of high-temperature-resistant metal materials with good heat conductivity, and the cross section of the oil pipes can be of a round or square structure.

Furthermore, the conduction block is welded and fixed with the bottom of the oil tank, and the conduction block is made of an oil-insoluble metal material with high melting point and strong heat conductivity, so that the liquid oil can slide down and enter the hemispherical structure at the bottom of the oil tank.

The invention also provides a safe heat dissipation method for the protective transformer, which comprises the following steps:

s100, connecting the transformer into a transformation circuit through a power-off protection device in the protection grooves on the two sides;

s200, the combined structure generates heat in work, liquid oil in an oil tank is pumped by an oil pump to flow to the surface of the combined structure through an oil pipe, the liquid oil is gasified by the heat generated in the work of the combined structure, the gasified oil is liquefied into a liquid oil state when contacting a conduction block at the bottom of the oil tank and meeting cold, and the process of condensing and radiating the combined structure is completed;

s300, the temperature sensor detects the temperature generated in the heat dissipation working process of the combined structure and feeds temperature information back to the controller, the controller is compared with a temperature threshold, when the temperature is higher than the threshold, the controller controls a relay in the power-off protection device to be connected with a contact to be disconnected, the transformer is disconnected from the voltage transformation circuit, the combined structure is stopped to continue working and generate heat, and the transformer is in an independent part to wait for processing.

The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

the transformer can maintain normal work of the transformer by arranging the oil pipe cooling structure for processing heat generated under the condition that the coil normally works, and can avoid the damage of the transformer caused by overheating by arranging the breakpoint protection device for processing abnormal overheating, and can avoid the overheating of the circuit short-circuit fault coil and the damage of personnel or articles caused by mistakenly touching the interface end of the transformer by personnel or articles in the working process by arranging the mistaken-touch prevention protection groove, thereby improving the safety of the transformer in normal work.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a protective groove and a safety door structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an interrupting protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the interrupting protection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a transformer body; 2-a protective groove; 3-a power-off protection device; 4-a composite structure; 5-oil pipe cooling structure; 6-temperature sensor; 7-a controller; 8-an insulating layer; 9-a dehumidification layer; 10-heat dissipation holes;

201-embedded groove; 202-a security gate;

2021-door panel; 2022-leaf spring; 2023-connecting means;

301-interface; 302-a relay circuit;

302A-a pass-through contact; 302B-control contact;

501-oil pipe layer; 502-a fuel tank; 503-an oil pump; 504-oil pipe; 505-conductive block.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides a protective transformer, which comprises a transformer body, wherein both sides of the transformer body 1 are provided with protective grooves 2 for preventing a transformer circuit interface from being exposed and touched by mistake, the bottoms of the protective grooves 2 on both sides are provided with power-off protection devices 3 for disconnecting the input and output ends of external voltage to be transformed from overheat, the middle part of the transformer body 1 is provided with a combined structure 4 formed by an iron core, a winding and a winding framework, and the bottom of the transformer body 1 is provided with an oil pipe cooling structure 5 for dissipating heat and cooling the combined structure 4.

Further, the oil pipe cooling structure 5 includes an oil pipe layer 501 disposed on the surface of the composite structure 4, an oil tank 502 for storing condensed oil, and an oil pump 503 for providing power, an oil pipe 504 is disposed inside the oil pipe layer 501, a nozzle at one end of the oil pipe 504 is connected to an inlet of the oil pump 503, a nozzle at the other end extends below an oil level of the oil tank 502, a suction inlet of the oil pump 503 extends below the oil level of the oil tank 502, a conduction block 505 for condensation is disposed at the bottom of the oil tank 502, the oil circulates in a pipeline passage formed by the oil pipe 504, the oil tank 502, and the oil pump 503 under the action of the oil pump 503, and the oil completes heat conversion in the pipeline passage to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.

When the transformer is connected to a transformation circuit to work, the combined structure 4 formed by the iron core, the winding and the winding framework can generate heat due to the fact that current flows to cause temperature rise when the transformer works, the oil pipe cooling structure 5 is used for conducting heat dissipation treatment on the heat generated by the combined structure 4, wherein the oil pipe layer 501 in the oil pipe cooling structure 5 wraps the oil pipe layer 501 on the outer wall surface of the combined structure 4 through a hoop-tube type connecting method, the oil pipes 504 are arranged in the oil pipe layer 501 in a spiral winding mode, the oil pipes 504 are made of metal materials with high temperature resistance and good heat conducting performance, the cross section can be of a round or square structure, and safe and stable work of the oil pipes 504 is guaranteed.

When the oil pipe cooling structure 5 works: firstly, an oil pump 503 is used for pumping liquid oil in an oil tank 502 to flow to the surface of a combined structure 4 through an oil pipe 504, heat generated by the operation of the combined structure 4 is absorbed by the liquid oil to gasify the liquid oil, then the gasified oil flows in a pipeline to contact a conduction block 505 at the bottom of the oil tank 502 to be liquefied into a liquid oil state when meeting cold, wherein the conduction block 505 is made of an oil-insoluble metal material with high melting point and high heat conductivity to be convenient for the liquid oil to slide down to the bottom of an oil inlet tank 502, finally, the liquid oil flows into the bottom of the oil tank 502 along the hemispherical surface of the conduction block 505 and is collected at the bottom of the oil tank 502 to be pumped again by the oil pump 503, the heat of the combined structure 4 is taken away in the process of gasification and liquefaction of; furthermore, the heat dissipation holes 10 are formed in the position, corresponding to the combined structure 4, of the upper shell of the transformer body 1, heat generated by the combined structure 4 can be dissipated into the air and taken away by air circulation, and the oil pipe 504 cooling structure 5 for heat dissipation is added, so that the safety of the transformer in normal operation is effectively improved.

The power-off protection device 3 comprises an interface 301 and a relay circuit 302, wherein an exposed end of the interface 301 is electrically connected with an external voltage to be changed, and an internal end of the interface 301 is electrically connected with the relay circuit 302.

Further, the surface of integrated configuration 4 is equipped with temperature sensor 6, temperature sensor 6 and controller 7 electric connection, controller 7 and oil pump 503 are supplied power by the independent power supply that does not receive the outside and treats that the transformer voltage influences, controller 7 and oil pump 503 adopt and can guarantee that the transformer treats that the transformer voltage appears when joining the trouble with the power access of mutual noninterference of transformer, controller 7 still can detect coil temperature information and make corresponding processing, temperature sensor 6 monitors the temperature information feedback of integrated configuration 4 surface to controller 7, controller 7 control oil pump 503 and relay circuit 302 dispel the heat or break off the external voltage input and stop generating heat, can effectively handle the generate heat that the access trouble leads to, if adopt the same power supply to appear the access trouble and will lead to the unable processing of generating heat that produces because of the trouble, increase the probability that the transformer damaged.

Further, when the relay circuit 302 works normally, the voltage between the control contacts 302B is 0V, the communication contact 302A is in a closed access state, and the voltage to be transformed can flow into the transformer; when the temperature information received by the controller 7 is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, the relay circuit 302 is adjusted to control the voltage between the contacts 302B to be 5V, the connecting contact 302A is in an open circuit state, and the voltage to be transformed cannot flow into the transformer.

As shown in fig. 4, the controller 7 is an independent device or a combined device composed of several modules, the combined device is composed of a signal amplification module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data operation module, a data storage module, and a power amplification module, the controller 7 has implemented setting of a threshold value for storing the highest working temperature of the transformer coil, the combined structure 4 composed of the iron core, the winding, and the winding skeleton in the transformer circuit will increase the temperature due to the heat generated by the current flowing, the temperature sensor 6 monitors the temperature information on the surface of the combined structure 4 and feeds back to the controller 7, the controller 7 receives the temperature information and compares with the highest temperature threshold value, when the highest temperature threshold value is not exceeded, the relay circuit 302 in the power-off protection device 3 at the connection of the transformer circuit and the transformer controls the voltage between the contacts 302B to be 0V, the connection contact 302A is in a closed circuit state to connect the voltage to be transformed end of the transformation circuit with the input end of the transformer, and the voltage to be transformed can be connected to the transformer.

When the temperature information received by the controller 7 is higher than the highest temperature threshold, the controller 7 adjusts the relay circuit 302 to control the voltage between the contacts 302B to be 5V, the connecting contact 302A is in a disconnection and disconnection state, the voltage to be transformed cannot be connected to the transformer, and the whole transformation circuit stops working, so that the transformer is prevented from being damaged due to overheating, and the safety of the transformer is improved; and the temperature sensor 6 and the relay circuit 302 adopt explosion-proof or intrinsically safe elements, the cable between the controllers 7 adopts a flame-retardant cable meeting explosion-proof requirements, and the flame-retardant and explosion-proof electronic elements with high safety are comprehensively adopted, so that the influence on the use of the whole circuit caused by damage in the period caused by overheating can be avoided.

The protection groove 2 comprises an embedded groove 201 and a safety door 202 connected to the upper end of the embedded groove 201 and used for sealing the embedded groove 201, and an insulating layer 8 used for isolating electric leakage of internal elements of the power-off protection device 3 and a dehumidification layer 9 used for keeping the internal elements of the power-off protection device 3 dry are sequentially paved on the surface of the inner wall of the embedded groove 201.

Further, the safety door 202 comprises a door panel 2021, a spring piece 2022 and a connecting piece 2023, wherein the spring piece 2022 is flatly laid on the surface of the door panel 2021 and is spirally fixed by the connecting piece 2023, a top end connecting point is reserved outside, the connecting piece 2023 spirally connects the top end connecting point of the spring piece 2022 with the top end edge of the embedded groove 201, and the four sides of the door panel 2021 can be just wedged with the four sides of the embedded groove 201

As shown in fig. 2, the embedded groove 201 is an embedded rectangular structure, the power-off protection device 3 is installed inside the embedded groove 201, an insulating layer 8 for isolating the electric leakage of the internal components of the power-off protection device 3 and a dehumidifying layer 9 for keeping the internal components of the power-off protection device 3 dry are sequentially laid between the power-off protection device 3 and the embedded groove 201, and the insulating layer 8 and the dehumidifying layer 9 are matched with each other, so that the internal components of the power-off protection device 3 can be kept, and the service life of the power-off protection device is prolonged.

The safety door 202 comprises a door plate 2021, a spring piece 2022 and a connecting piece 2023, the spring piece 2022 is flatly laid on the surface of the door plate 2021 and is spirally fixed by the connecting piece 2023, a top end connecting point is reserved outside, the connecting piece 2023 spirally connects the top end connecting point of the spring piece 2022 with the top end edge of the embedded groove 201, four sides of the door plate 2021 can be just wedged with four sides of the embedded groove 201, an input and output terminal of the voltage transformation circuit extends into the embedded groove 201 and is connected with an interface 301 of the internal power-off protection device 3, the voltage transformation circuit and the interface 301 of the transformer are hidden in the embedded groove 201, the spring piece 2022 is put down to enable the safety door 202 to block a notch of the embedded groove 201, and the contact point is.

After transformation is finished, the safety door 202 is opened outwards, the input and output terminals of the transformer are taken out, the spring leaf 2022 is put down to enable the safety door 202 to block the notch, the embedded groove 201 is protected in a closed mode, and overheating of a circuit short-circuit fault coil and damage of personnel or objects due to the fact that personnel or objects mistakenly touch the transformer interface 301 end in the working process are avoided.

Based on the protective transformer structure, the invention further provides a safe heat dissipation method, which comprises the following steps:

s100, connecting the transformer into a transformation circuit through a power-off protection device in the protection grooves on the two sides;

s200, the combined structure generates heat in work, liquid oil in an oil tank flows to the surface of the combined structure through an oil pipe by using an oil pump, the liquid oil is gasified by the heat generated by the work of the combined structure, the gasified oil is liquefied into a liquid oil state when contacting a conduction block at the bottom of the oil tank and meeting cold, and the process of condensing and radiating the combined structure is completed;

s300, the temperature sensor detects the temperature generated in the heat dissipation working process of the combined structure and feeds temperature information back to the controller, the controller is compared with a temperature threshold, when the temperature is higher than the threshold, the controller controls a relay circuit in the power-off protection device to be connected with a contact to be disconnected, the transformer is disconnected from a voltage transformation circuit, the combined structure stops working continuously to generate heat, and the transformer is in an independent part to wait for processing.

In S100, a specific method for connecting the transformer to the transformer circuit through the power-off protection device is as follows:

the safety doors sealed on the embedded grooves at the two ends of the transformer are opened outwards;

the input and output wiring terminal of the voltage transformation circuit extends into the embedded groove to be connected with the interface of the power-off protection device;

the voltage between the relay circuit control contacts in the power-off protection device is 0V, the communication contacts are in a closed access state, and the transformer performs normal transformation operation in the transformation circuit.

In S200, the specific process of the composite structure heat exchange is as follows:

the oil pump pumps the low-temperature liquid oil in the oil tank into the oil pipe on the surface of the combined structure, at the moment, the combined structure conducts heat to the oil pipe, the low-temperature liquid oil is changed into gaseous oil under the action of the conducted heat, and the oil needs to absorb heat in the process from liquid to gaseous, so that the heat on the surface of the combined structure is absorbed, and the temperature of the combined structure is reduced.

Gaseous state oil circulates to the oil tank bottom under the effect of oil pump, contact oil tank bottom low temperature conducting block, high temperature gaseous state oil can liquefy at the conducting block surface, gaseous state is released heat to liquid in-process, the heat release that will take away from the integrated configuration surface is to the conducting block, the conducting block is conducted the transformer with the heat again along the oil tank bottom and is gone to the external world, the completion is to the radiating operation of integrated configuration, and high temperature gaseous state oil has become low temperature liquid oil at the conducting block surface and has continued to participate in the heat exchange in getting into the oil tank.

In S300, the temperature sensor is used to detect whether the composite structure generates abnormal heat except in a normal operating state, and therefore the maximum temperature value when the composite structure maintains the normal operating state is set as the threshold value for monitoring and calibrating.

Under the condition that the temperature threshold is exceeded, the transformer and the transformation circuit are disconnected and isolated, the transformer and the transformation circuit are prevented from being damaged, after personnel check and troubleshooting are carried out, transformation operation is carried out by accessing the transformation circuit, and safety is improved.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. A protective transformer is characterized by comprising a transformer body (1), wherein both sides of the transformer body (1) are provided with protective grooves (2) for preventing a transformation circuit interface from being exposed and touched by mistake, and the bottoms of the protective grooves (2) on both sides are provided with power-off protection devices (3) for disconnecting the input and output ends of external to-be-transformed voltage in an overheating way;

the transformer comprises a transformer body (1), wherein a combined structure (4) jointly formed by an iron core, a winding and a winding framework is arranged in the middle of the transformer body (1), and an oil pipe cooling structure (5) used for dissipating heat and cooling the combined structure (4) is arranged at the bottom of the transformer body (1);

the oil pipe cooling structure (5) comprises an oil pipe layer (501) arranged on the surface of the combined structure (4), an oil tank (502) used for storing condensed oil and an oil pump (503) providing power, an oil pipe (504) is arranged inside the oil pipe layer (501), a pipe orifice at one end of the oil pipe (504) is connected with a suction outlet of the oil pump (503), and a pipe orifice at the other end of the oil pipe (504) extends into the oil tank (502) and is inserted below the oil surface; a suction port of the oil pump (503) extends below the oil level of the oil tank (502), a conduction block (505) for condensation is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank (502), the oil circularly flows in a pipeline passage formed by the oil pipe (504), the oil tank (502) and the oil pump (503) under the action of the oil pump (503), and the oil completes heat conversion in the pipeline passage to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation;

the power-off protection device (3) comprises an interface (301) and a relay circuit (302), wherein the exposed end of the interface (301) is electrically connected with an external standby voltage, and the internal end of the interface (301) is electrically connected with the relay circuit (302).

2. The protective transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that a temperature sensor (6) is arranged on the surface of the combined structure (4), the temperature sensor (6) is electrically connected with a controller (7), the controller (7) and the oil pump (503) are powered by an independent power supply which is not affected by the external voltage to be transformed, the temperature sensor (6) monitors the temperature information on the surface of the combined structure (4) and feeds the information back to the controller (7), and the controller (7) controls the oil pump (503) and the relay circuit (302) to dissipate heat or cuts off the external voltage input to stop heating.

3. The protective transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective groove (2) comprises an embedded groove (201) and a safety door (202) connected to the upper end of the embedded groove (201) for closing the embedded groove (201), and an insulating layer (8) for isolating the electric leakage of the internal components of the power-off protection device (3) and a dehumidifying layer (9) for keeping the internal components of the power-off protection device (3) dry are sequentially laid on the inner wall surface of the embedded groove (201).

4. The protective transformer according to claim 3, wherein the safety door (202) comprises a door panel (2021), a spring plate (2022) and a connector (2023), the spring plate (2022) is laid on the surface of the door panel (2021) and is fixed by the connector (2023) in a spiral manner, a top end connection point is left outside, the connector (2023) connects the top end connection point of the spring plate (2022) with the top end edge of the embedded groove (201) in a spiral manner, and four sides of the door panel (2021) can be just wedged with four sides of the embedded groove (201).

5. A protective transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the relay circuit (302) works normally, the voltage between the control contacts (302B) is 0V, the communication contact (302A) is in a closed access state, and the voltage to be transformed can flow into the transformer; when the temperature information received by the controller (7) is higher than the highest temperature threshold value, the voltage between the control contacts (302B) of the relay circuit (302) is adjusted to be 5V, the communication contact (302A) is in an open circuit state, and the voltage to be transformed cannot flow into the transformer.

6. The protected transformer of claim 1, wherein heat dissipation holes (10) are formed at the position of the upper shell of the transformer body (1) corresponding to the combination structure (4).

7. The protective transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor (6) and the relay circuit (302) are explosion-proof or intrinsically safe elements, and the cable between the controller (7) and the sensor and relay circuit (302) is a flame-retardant cable meeting explosion-proof requirements.

8. The protective transformer according to claim 1, wherein the oil pipe layer (501) is wrapped on the outer wall surface of the composite structure (4) by using a hoop-and-barrel connection method, the oil pipe (504) is arranged in the oil pipe layer (501) by using a spiral winding, the oil pipe (504) is made of a high-temperature-resistant metal material with good heat conductivity, and the cross section of the oil pipe can be a circular or square structure.

9. The protective transformer according to claim 1, wherein the conductive block (505) is welded and fixed to the bottom of the oil tank (502), and the conductive block (505) is made of an oil-insoluble metal material with a high melting point and a strong thermal conductivity, and is of a hemispherical structure for facilitating the liquid oil to slide down into the bottom of the oil tank (502).

10. A safe heat dissipation method for the protective transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:

s100, connecting the transformer into a transformation circuit through a power-off protection device in the protection grooves on the two sides;

s200, the combined structure generates heat in work, liquid oil in an oil tank is pumped by an oil pump to flow to the surface of the combined structure through an oil pipe, the liquid oil is gasified by the heat generated in the work of the combined structure, the gasified oil is liquefied into a liquid oil state when contacting a conduction block at the bottom of the oil tank and meeting cold, and the process of condensing and radiating the combined structure is completed;

s300, the temperature sensor detects the temperature generated in the heat dissipation working process of the combined structure and feeds temperature information back to the controller, the controller is compared with a temperature threshold, when the temperature is higher than the threshold, the controller controls a relay in the power-off protection device to be connected with a contact to be disconnected, the transformer is disconnected from the voltage transformation circuit, the combined structure is stopped to continue working and generate heat, and the transformer is in an independent part to wait for processing.

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