CN112419879B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents

Display panel and display device Download PDF

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CN112419879B
CN112419879B CN202011373049.3A CN202011373049A CN112419879B CN 112419879 B CN112419879 B CN 112419879B CN 202011373049 A CN202011373049 A CN 202011373049A CN 112419879 B CN112419879 B CN 112419879B
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control electrode
electrochromic
display panel
control
unit
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CN112419879A (en
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张正川
代好
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Wuhan Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Wuhan Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a display panel and a display device, wherein at least one control electrode of a first electrochromic unit and a control electrode of a second electrochromic unit in the display panel are electrically insulated, so that different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled, and then when the display panel is applied, the ambient light reflection phenomena of a non-opening area and an opening area of the display panel can be respectively adjusted by respectively controlling the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, so that the contrast of a display picture of the display panel is improved, and the quality of the display picture of the display panel is improved.

Description

Display panel and display device
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device including the same.
Background
With the development of display technology, the display panel has become an essential component of electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, televisions, etc. due to its wider application. In order to reduce signal transmission loss and increase signal transmission speed in the conventional display panel, a large number of metal wires are used as electrical connection wires, and the metal wires reflect ambient light under the irradiation of the ambient light, so that the display picture quality of the display panel is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the foregoing technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel to improve the display image quality of the display panel.
To solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel, including:
a first substrate;
a pixel defining layer on a first side of the first substrate and including an opening and a pixel defining wall surrounding the opening;
a light emitting unit located within the opening;
the electrochromic structure is positioned on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the pixel defining layer;
the electrochromic structure comprises a first electrochromic unit and a second electrochromic unit, wherein the first electrochromic unit is at least partially overlapped with the pixel definition wall in the thickness direction of the display panel, and the second electrochromic unit is at least partially overlapped with the light-emitting unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
at least one control electrode of the first electrochromic cell is electrically insulated from a control electrode of the second electrochromic cell.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a display device comprising the display panel.
In the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, at least one control electrode of the first electrochromic unit is electrically insulated from a control electrode of the second electrochromic unit, so that different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, and thus the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled, and further, when the display panel is applied, the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the non-opening area and the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the opening area of the display panel can be respectively adjusted by respectively controlling the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, thereby improving the display picture quality of the display panel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional display panel;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic layout view of a plurality of fourth control electrodes in another display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, which are reused as touch electrodes;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
As described in the background section, in order to reduce signal transmission loss and increase signal transmission speed in the conventional display panel, many metal wires are used as electrical connection wires, and the metal wires reflect ambient light under the irradiation of the ambient light, so that the display image of the display panel is bright, and the display image quality of the display panel is affected.
The inventor researches that the external ambient light is mostly natural light, and finds that the circular polarizer can be arranged in the display panel to convert the external ambient light into linearly polarized light when the external ambient light is injected into the display panel, so that the light quantity irradiated onto the metal wire in the display panel is reduced, and the ambient light reflection phenomenon on the surface of the display panel is weakened. However, since the light transmittance of the polarizer is only about 43%, after the circular polarizer is added inside the display panel, a large amount of light emitted from the inside of the display panel cannot penetrate through the circular polarizer and is emitted from the inside of the display panel, which affects the display brightness of the display panel and increases the power consumption of the display panel.
The inventor also researches and discovers that a light-shielding layer 01 and a color film layer 02 can be added in the display panel to absorb the ambient light, so that the light quantity of the ambient light irradiating on the metal wires in the display panel is reduced, and the ambient light reflection phenomenon on the surface of the display panel is weakened, as shown in fig. 1. However, the light-shielding layer 01 and the color film layer 02 absorb not only ambient light but also light emitted from the inside of the display panel indiscriminately, and therefore, the manner of adding the light-shielding layer 01 and the color film layer 02 to the inside of the display panel not only affects the display brightness of the display panel and increases the power consumption of the display panel, but also causes problems of brightness attenuation and color cast at a large viewing angle.
In addition, in the two modes, no matter the circular polarizer is added in the display panel, or the light shielding layer and the color film layer are added in the display panel, the light transmittance of the added structure is constant. The application scenes of the display panel are various and may be strong ambient light scenes or weak ambient light scenes, and accordingly, the reflected light intensity of the surface of the display panel is different in scenes with different light intensities. For example, at a dark night, the ambient light is almost zero, and at this time, the surface of the display panel has almost no ambient light reflection phenomenon, and at this time, if a circular polarizer or a light shielding layer and a color film layer are added inside the display panel, not only is the effect of reducing the ambient light reflection very slight, but also the light emitted inside the display panel is absorbed, resulting in unnecessary power loss; similarly, in the indoor that ambient light intensity is relatively weak, the ambient light reflection phenomenon on display panel surface is relatively weak, and at this moment, if inside circular polarizer or the light shield layer and the various rete of having increased of display panel, not only reduce weakening ambient light reflex action, still can absorb the light of the inside transmission of display panel, lead to unnecessary power loss.
As shown in table 1, table 1 shows the frequency, display contrast, and power consumption of the display panel applied in different scenes after adding the circular polarizer or adding the light shielding layer and the color film layer in the display panel.
Table 1:
Figure BDA0002807352490000041
in practical application, the probability of the display panel applied to the outdoor sunny days and the outdoor cloudy days is very low, while the probability of the display panel applied to other scenes is high, and as can be seen from table 1, the contrast of the display panel is low only when the display panel is applied to the outdoor sunny days and the outdoor cloudy days, and the contrast of the display panel is high in other scenes, so that after the circular polarizer or the shading layer and the color film layer are added to the display panel, the display panel can cause large power waste and high power consumption.
Even in a room with strong ambient light, the display panel may have a strong ambient light reflection phenomenon due to the fact that the color film layer has a small absorption effect on the ambient light and the light shielding layer and the color film layer structure are added in the display panel.
In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel, as shown in fig. 2, including:
a first substrate 10;
a pixel defining layer 20, the pixel defining layer 20 being located on a first side of the first substrate 10 and including an opening 21 and a pixel defining wall 22 surrounding the opening;
a light emitting unit 30, the light emitting unit 30 being located in the opening 21;
the electrochromic structure 40 is located on one side of the pixel defining layer 20 away from the first substrate 10, and is used for alleviating a light reflection phenomenon of a light-emitting side of the display panel under strong ambient light irradiation, and improving the quality of a display picture of the display panel.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the electrochromic structure 40 includes a first electrochromic unit 41 and a second electrochromic unit 42, in the thickness direction X of the display panel, the first electrochromic unit 41 at least partially overlaps the pixel defining wall 22 to adjust the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the non-opening area of the display panel, and the second electrochromic unit 42 at least partially overlaps the opening 21 to adjust the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the opening area of the display panel.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one control electrode of the first electrochromic unit is electrically insulated from the control electrode of the second electrochromic unit, so that different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, and thus the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled, and further when the display panel is applied, the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the non-opening area and the opening area of the display panel can be respectively adjusted by respectively controlling the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, so as to improve the display image quality of the display panel.
It should be further noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the fact that different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit means that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit have the capability of being applied with different voltages, and in a specific application, different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, or the same voltage can be applied, depending on application requirements.
Optionally, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, in a thickness direction of the display panel, the first electrochromic unit is completely overlapped with the pixel definition wall, so that the first electrochromic unit can only adjust an ambient light reflection phenomenon in a region of the pixel definition wall, and does not affect an ambient light reflection phenomenon in a region where the light emitting unit is located.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first electrochromic unit and the pixel defining wall are completely overlapped, so that an orthographic projection of the first electrochromic unit on the first substrate is completely located within an orthographic projection range of the pixel defining wall on the first substrate, or the orthographic projection of the first electrochromic unit on the first substrate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining wall on the first substrate, which is not limited in this application, and is determined as the case may be.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an orthographic projection of the first electrochromic unit on the first substrate coincides with an orthographic projection of the pixel defining wall on the first substrate, so that the first electrochromic unit can adjust an ambient light reflection phenomenon in each area of the pixel defining wall, and improve a picture display quality corresponding to a non-opening area of the display panel.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the second electrochromic unit covers the opening, that is, the orthographic projection of the second electrochromic unit on the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening on the first substrate, so that the second electrochromic unit can adjust the light transmittance of each area in the area where the corresponding opening is located, thereby adjusting the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the opening area of the display panel.
In the above embodiment, the orthographic projection of the second electrochromic unit on the first substrate covering the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening on the first substrate may be larger than the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening on the first substrate, or may overlap with the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening on the first substrate. Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an orthographic projection of the second electrochromic unit on the first substrate coincides with an orthographic projection of the opening on the first substrate, so that the second electrochromic unit can adjust only the light transmittance of the area where the corresponding opening is located on the basis of adjusting the light transmittance of each area in the area where the corresponding opening is located, without affecting the light transmittance of the area where the pixel definition wall is located.
On the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the display panel further includes: the pixel defining layer 20 and the first encapsulation layer 50 of the light emitting unit 30 are encapsulated to protect the light emitting unit 30. In the embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic structure 40 is located on a side of the first encapsulation layer 50 facing away from the first substrate 10.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first encapsulation layer is an organic layer, but the present application does not limit this, and in other embodiments of the present application, the first encapsulation layer may also be an inorganic layer, as the case may be.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, continuing as shown in fig. 2, the first electrochromic cell 41 includes: a first control electrode 411, a first electrochromic layer 412 positioned at a side of the first control electrode 411 away from the pixel defining layer 20, and a second control electrode 413 positioned at a side of the first electrochromic layer 412 away from the first control electrode 411;
the second electrochromic cell 42 includes: a third control electrode 421, a second electrochromic layer 422 on a side of the third control electrode 421 remote from the first substrate 10, and a fourth control electrode 423 on a side of the second electrochromic layer 422 remote from the third control electrode 421.
Based on the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the material of the first electrochromic layer is an inorganic material, and optionally, the inorganic material is WO 3 Or TiO 2 Etc.; in another embodiment of the present application, the material of the first electrochromic layer is an organic material, and the organic material may be polyaniline, phthalocyanine, or the like, but the present application does not limit this material, as the case may be.
Specifically, on the basis of the above content, in an embodiment of the present application, a thickness of the first electrochromic layer ranges from 0.02 micrometers to 100 micrometers, including an end point value, so that the first electrochromic unit has a good adjusting effect on the visible light transmittance when a voltage is applied, and the thickness of the display panel is not increased too much, which may affect the development of the display panel. However, the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
Based on the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the material of the second electrochromic layer is an inorganic material, and optionally, the inorganic material is WO 3 Or TiO 2 Etc.; in another embodiment of the present application, the material of the second electrochromic layer is an organic material, and the organic material may be polyaniline, phthalocyanine, or the like, but the present application does not limit this material, as the case may be.
Specifically, on the basis of the above content, in an embodiment of the present application, a thickness of the second electrochromic layer ranges from 0.02 micrometers to 100 micrometers, including an end point value, so that the second electrochromic unit has a good adjusting effect on the visible light transmittance when a voltage is applied, and the thickness of the display panel is not increased too much, which may affect the development of the display panel. However, the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the first control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, so that the first control electrode can apply different voltages to the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, thereby allowing the first electrochromic cell and the second electrochromic cell to be independently controlled.
In another embodiment of the present application, the second control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, such that the second control electrode can apply different voltages to the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, thereby allowing the first electrochromic cell and the second electrochromic cell to be independently controlled.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, the first control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, and the second control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, such that the first control electrode can apply different voltages to the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, and the second control electrode can apply different voltages to the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, so that the first electrochromic cell and the second electrochromic cell can be independently controlled.
In the above embodiments, the first control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, which means that the first control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and is electrically insulated from the fourth control electrode; the second control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode respectively means that the second control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and from the fourth control electrode.
The display panel provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present application, and as further shown in fig. 2, the first control electrode 411 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, respectively, and the second control electrode 413 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, respectively; in an embodiment of the present application, the display panel further includes: the first insulating structure 60 is at least partially located between the first electrochromic unit 41 and the second electrochromic unit 42 along the direction from the pixel defining wall 22 to the opening 21, such that the first control electrode 411 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, respectively, and the second control electrode 413 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, respectively, such that the first control electrode 411 can simultaneously apply different voltages to the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, the second control electrode 413 can simultaneously apply different voltages to the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, and the first electrochromic unit 41 and the second electrochromic unit 42 can be independently controlled.
Optionally, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the first insulating structure 60 further extends to cover a surface of the second control electrode 413 on a side away from the first control electrode 411, so as to protect the second control electrode 413 on a side away from the first control electrode 411 in an insulating manner.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrochromic structure includes a first electrochromic unit 41 and a plurality of second electrochromic units 42, in this embodiment, the first electrochromic unit 41 has a plurality of through holes penetrating through the first electrochromic unit 41, the first insulating structure 60 covers the bottom of the through hole, the sidewall of the through hole, and a side surface of the second control electrode facing away from the first control electrode, and the second electrochromic unit 42 is located in the through hole and insulated from the first electrochromic unit 41 by the first insulating structure 60. However, the present application is not limited to this, and in other embodiments of the present application, the electrochromic structure may also include a plurality of first electrochromic units and a plurality of second electrochromic units, where the plurality of first electrochromic units and the plurality of second electrochromic units are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the plurality of first electrochromic units cover the pixel defining wall, and the plurality of second electrochromic units cover the plurality of openings, as the case may be.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the first insulating structure 60 is a passivation layer, and in another embodiment of the present application, the first insulating structure is a planarization layer. Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the passivation layer may be an organic layer or an inorganic layer, and the planarization layer is preferably an organic layer, but this is not limited in this application, and is determined as the case may be.
Specifically, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the first insulating structure ranges from 1 μm to 2 μm, inclusive, but the present application does not limit this, as the case may be.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the first control electrode 411 and the third control electrode 421 are electrically connected so that the first control electrode 411 and the third control electrode 421 can be simultaneously controlled, simplifying the control of the display panel, and the second control electrode 413 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, respectively, so that different voltages can be applied to the first electrochromic unit 41 and the second electrochromic unit 42, thereby allowing the first electrochromic unit 41 and the second electrochromic unit 42 to be independently controlled.
Optionally, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the first control electrode and the third control electrode are located in the same layer, so as to reduce the thickness of the display panel. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present application, the first control electrode and the third control electrode are an integrated structure, so that the first control electrode and the third control electrode can be simultaneously manufactured, and the manufacturing process of the display panel is simplified.
Note that, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the display panel further includes: and a second insulating structure 70, wherein the second insulating structure 70 is at least partially located between the second control electrode 413 and the fourth control electrode 423 along the direction from the pixel defining wall 22 to the opening 21, so that the second control electrode 413 and the fourth control electrode 423 are electrically insulated.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first electrochromic unit 41 has a first groove, the first groove penetrates through the second control electrode 413 and the first electrochromic layer 412 and extends to the surface of the first control electrode 411, and the second electrochromic layer 422 and the fourth control electrode 423 of the second electrochromic unit 42 are located in the first groove on the side of the second insulating structure 70 away from the first electrochromic layer 412, so that the display panel can use the portion of the first control electrode located in the first groove area as a third control electrode, thereby simplifying the structure and manufacturing process of the display panel.
It should be noted that, in the above description, as shown in fig. 5, the second insulating structure 70 covers the sidewall of the first groove, so that different voltages can be applied to the first electrochromic cell 41 and the second electrochromic cell 42, and the voltages can be controlled independently.
Specifically, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the second insulating structure ranges from 1 μm to 2 μm, inclusive, but the present application does not limit this, as the case may be.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, if the first control electrode and the third control electrode are an integrated structure, the oxidation states of the first electrochromic layer and the second electrochromic layer are the same, so that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled on the basis that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can share the same electrode layer as the control electrode.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the second insulating structure 70 further extends to cover a surface of the second control electrode 413 on a side away from the first control electrode 411, so as to protect a surface of the second control electrode 413 on a side away from the first control electrode 411 in an insulating manner.
In still another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the second control electrode 413 and the third control electrode 421 are electrically connected to control the second control electrode 413 and the third control electrode 421 simultaneously, so as to reduce the control difficulty of the display panel, and the first control electrode 411 is electrically insulated from the third control electrode 421 and the fourth control electrode 423, so that different voltages can be applied to the first electrochromic cell 41 and the second electrochromic cell 42, thereby implementing independent control of the first electrochromic cell 41 and the second electrochromic cell 42.
Optionally, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the second control electrode 413 and the third control electrode 421 are located on the same layer, so as to reduce the thickness of the display panel, which is suitable for the development of the display panel in a light and thin manner. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second control electrode 413 and the third control electrode 421 are integrated, so that the second control electrode 413 and the third control electrode 421 can be simultaneously manufactured on the basis of reducing the thickness of the display panel, and the manufacturing process of the display panel is simplified.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, in the thickness direction X of the display panel, the first control electrode 411 may overlap only the pixel defining wall 22, as shown in fig. 7, or may overlap the opening 21 through the extending portion, as shown in fig. 8, which is not limited in this application, as the case may be.
On the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the display panel further includes: and a third insulating structure 80, wherein the third insulating structure 80 is located on a side of the third control electrode 421 facing the light emitting unit 30, and electrically insulates the third control electrode 421 from the first control electrode 411, so that different voltages are applied to the first control electrode 411 and the third control electrode 421 to control the light transmittance of the first electrochromic light emitting layer 412.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the third insulating structure is a transparent insulating structure, so that the light emitted by the light emitting unit due to the arrangement of the third insulating structure can penetrate through the third insulating structure and exit the display panel, and the display brightness of the display panel is ensured.
Specifically, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the third insulating structure ranges from 1 μm to 2 μm, inclusive, but the present application does not limit this, as the case may be.
On the basis of the above, in one embodiment of the present application, if the second control electrode and the third control electrode are of an integrated structure, the oxidation states of the first electrochromic layer and the second electrochromic layer are opposite, so that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled on the basis that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can share the same electrode layer as the control electrode.
On the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the value ranges of the light transmittances of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit to visible light are 10% to 100%, so that when the display panel is applied to different scenes, different voltages can be applied to the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, so that the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit have different light transmittances, and the application requirements under different scenes are met.
In the display panel, the light emitting unit is located in the opening area and used for emitting light, and the non-opening area is not provided with the light emitting unit, so that on the basis of the above contents, in an implementation manner of the present application, the light transmittance of the first electrochromic unit to visible light is smaller than that of the second electrochromic unit to visible light, so that the first electrochromic unit has a smaller light transmittance to visible light, and has a good relieving effect on the ambient light reflection phenomenon on the surface of the display panel, thereby improving the contrast of the display panel, the second electrochromic unit has a larger light transmittance to visible light, and has a smaller absorption effect on the light emitted by the light emitting unit, and on the basis of not increasing the driving signal of the light emitting unit, the display panel has a larger display brightness. However, the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
Optionally, on the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, a value range of a voltage applied to the first electrochromic unit is-2V to 2V, including an end value, so that a value range of a light transmittance of the first electrochromic unit to visible light is 10% to 100%, thereby reducing power consumption of the display panel on the basis of ensuring that an ambient light reflection phenomenon of a non-opening area of the display panel can be adjusted by using the first electrochromic unit.
Similarly, the value range of the voltage applied to the second electrochromic unit is-2V, including end points, so that the value range of the light transmittance of the second electrochromic unit to visible light is 10% -100%, and the power consumption of the display panel is reduced on the basis of ensuring that the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the non-opening area of the display panel can be adjusted by using the second electrochromic unit. However, the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
In addition to the above, in one embodiment of the present application, the display panel further includes: the display panel can also realize the independent control of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit by using the control circuit in other embodiments of the application, which is specifically determined according to the situation.
On the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic structure includes a plurality of second electrochromic units, third control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically connected to each other, and fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically connected to each other, so that the plurality of second electrochromic units in the electrochromic structure can be controlled in a unified manner, and the control difficulty of the display panel is reduced.
In another embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic structure includes a plurality of second electrochromic units, third control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically connected to each other, so that the third control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic units can be controlled in a unified manner, and the control difficulty of the display panel is reduced, and fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically insulated from each other, so that the fourth control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic units can be controlled independently.
In another embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic structure includes a plurality of second electrochromic units, the fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically connected to each other, so that the fourth control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic units can be uniformly controlled, and the control difficulty of the display panel is reduced, and the third control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically insulated from each other, so that the third control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic units can be independently controlled.
In still another embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic structure includes a plurality of second electrochromic units, third control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically insulated from each other, and fourth control electrodes are also electrically insulated from each other, so that the third control electrodes and the fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units can be independently controlled.
On the basis of the above, in an embodiment of the present application, when the fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units are electrically insulated from each other, the fourth control electrodes in the plurality of second electrochromic units may also be reused as touch electrodes for touch detection, so as to integrate a touch detection function in the display panel without increasing the thickness of the display panel, but the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
As shown in fig. 9, in an implementation manner of the present application, when the fourth control electrodes 423 in the second electrochromic unit are reused as touch control electrodes, the display panel may be, for example, a self-capacitance touch detection type display panel, and the plurality of fourth control electrodes 423 are arranged in an array, so as to utilize capacitance value variation between adjacent fourth control electrodes 423 in the plurality of fourth control electrodes 423 that are insulated from each other to achieve touch control detection, but this application is not limited thereto, in other implementation manners of the present application, when the fourth control electrodes in the second electrochromic unit are reused as touch control electrodes, the display panel may also be a display panel for mutual capacitance touch detection, in this implementation manner, the plurality of fourth control electrodes that are insulated from each other may be reused as driving electrodes in mutual capacitance detection, or reused as sensing electrodes in mutual capacitance detection, this application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
In the above embodiment, when a plurality of fourth control electrodes insulated from each other are multiplexed as the driving electrodes for mutual capacitance detection, the display panel further includes: the plurality of induction electrodes are arranged in a different layer and in an insulating way with the plurality of fourth control electrodes, and touch detection is realized by using capacitance value change between the plurality of fourth control electrodes and the plurality of induction electrodes; when the multiplexing of the fourth control electrode of a plurality of mutual insulation is the induction electrode that mutual capacitance detected, display panel still includes: and the plurality of driving electrodes are arranged in a different layer and in an insulating way with the plurality of fourth control electrodes, so that the touch detection is realized by using the capacitance value change between the plurality of fourth control electrodes and the plurality of driving electrodes.
In addition, since the display panel may be applied to a scene with strong ambient light or a scene with weak ambient light, in an embodiment of the present application, the display panel further includes: the photosensitive sensor is used for detecting the light intensity of the environment where the display panel is located, the controller is used for adjusting the transmittance of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit to visible light based on the light intensity of the environment where the display panel is located, so that when the display panel is in a scene with strong ambient light, the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit have smaller light transmittance to the visible light, the reflection phenomenon of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit to the ambient light on the surface of the display panel is stronger relieved, the contrast of the display panel is improved, when the display panel is in a scene with weak ambient light, the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit have larger light transmittance to the visible light, and the light absorption of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit to the light-emitting unit is less, and then on the premise that the display brightness of the display panel is not changed, the driving signal of the light-emitting unit is reduced, the power consumption of the display panel is reduced, and the service life of the display panel is prolonged.
Moreover, the display panel provided by the embodiment of the application does not need to be provided with a light shielding layer and a color film layer to adjust the ambient light reflection phenomenon on the surface of the display panel, so that the phenomena of large-angle brightness attenuation and color cast caused by the arrangement of the light shielding layer and the color film layer are avoided.
In addition to the above, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the display panel further includes: and a second encapsulation layer 90 positioned on a side of the electrochromic structure 40 facing away from the first substrate 10 to protect the electrochromic structure 40. Optionally, the second encapsulation layer 90 may be an organic layer or an inorganic layer, which is not limited in this application and is determined as the case may be.
In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, which includes the display panel provided in any one of the above embodiments. In the embodiment of the present application, the display device may be an electronic product such as a mobile phone, a computer monitor, a tablet, etc., and the present application does not limit this, as long as the display device is an electronic product with a display function.
To sum up, in the display panel and the display device provided in the embodiments of the present application, at least one control electrode of the first electrochromic unit is electrically insulated from a control electrode of the second electrochromic unit, so that different voltages can be applied to the control electrodes of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, and thus the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit can be independently controlled, and further when the display panel is applied, the ambient light reflection phenomenon of the non-opening area and the opening area of the display panel can be respectively adjusted by respectively controlling the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit, thereby improving the display image quality of the display panel.
All parts in the specification are described in a mode of combining parallel and progressive, each part is mainly described to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among all parts can be referred to each other.
In the above description of the disclosed embodiments, features described in various embodiments in this specification can be substituted for or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (18)

1. A display panel, comprising:
a first substrate;
a pixel defining layer on a first side of the first substrate and including an opening and a pixel defining wall surrounding the opening;
a light emitting unit located within the opening;
the electrochromic structure is positioned on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the pixel defining layer;
the electrochromic structure comprises a first electrochromic unit and a second electrochromic unit, wherein the first electrochromic unit is at least partially overlapped with the pixel definition wall in the thickness direction of the display panel, and the second electrochromic unit is at least partially overlapped with the light-emitting unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
at least one control electrode of the first electrochromic cell and a control electrode of the second electrochromic cell are electrically insulated;
the light transmittance of the first electrochromic unit to visible light is smaller than that of the second electrochromic unit to visible light.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first electrochromic unit completely overlaps the pixel defining wall in a thickness direction of the display panel, and the second electrochromic unit covers the opening.
3. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the first electrochromic cell comprises: the pixel definition layer comprises a first control electrode, a first electrochromic layer and a second control electrode, wherein the first control electrode is positioned on one side of the first control electrode, which is far away from the pixel definition layer, and the second control electrode is positioned on one side of the first electrochromic layer, which is far away from the first control electrode;
the second electrochromic cell includes: the first control electrode is positioned on one side of the first substrate, and the second control electrode is positioned on one side of the second electrochromic layer, which is far away from the first control electrode;
the first control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode respectively; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the first control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively;
the second control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively;
the display panel further includes: a first insulating structure at least partially located between the first electrochromic cell and the second electrochromic cell in a direction from the pixel defining wall to the opening, such that the first control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively, and the second control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively.
5. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the first control electrode or the second control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the first control electrode and the third control electrode are electrically connected, and wherein the second control electrode is electrically insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein the first control electrode and the third control electrode are located in the same layer, and the first control electrode and the third control electrode are of an integral structure;
the display panel further includes: a second insulating structure at least partially between the second control electrode and the fourth control electrode in a direction from the pixel defining wall to the opening such that the second control electrode and the fourth control electrode are electrically insulated.
8. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the first electrochromic layer and the second electrochromic layer have the same oxidation state.
9. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the second control electrode and the third control electrode are electrically connected, and wherein the first control electrode is insulated from the third control electrode and the fourth control electrode, respectively.
10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein the second control electrode and the third control electrode are located in the same layer, and the second control electrode and the third control electrode are of an integral structure;
the display panel further includes: a third insulating structure on a side of the third control electrode facing the light emitting unit, electrically insulating the third control electrode from the first control electrode.
11. The display panel of claim 9, wherein the first electrochromic layer and the second electrochromic layer have opposite oxidation states.
12. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first electrochromic cell and the second electrochromic cell have a light transmittance for visible light ranging from 10% to 100%, inclusive.
13. The display panel according to claim 1, further comprising: the light sensor is used for detecting the light intensity of the environment where the display panel is located, and the controller adjusts the transmittance of the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit to visible light based on the light intensity of the environment where the display panel is located.
14. The display panel of claim 1, further comprising a control circuit comprising a first control circuit and a second control circuit, the first control circuit providing a drive signal to the control electrode of the first electrochromic cell and the second control circuit providing a drive signal to the control electrode of the second electrochromic cell.
15. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic structure comprises a plurality of second electrochromic cells, third control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic cells are electrically connected to each other, and fourth control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic cells are electrically connected to each other.
16. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic structure comprises a plurality of second electrochromic cells, third control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic cells are electrically connected to each other, and fourth control electrodes of the plurality of second electrochromic cells are electrically insulated from each other.
17. The display panel according to claim 16, wherein the fourth control electrodes in the second electrochromic cells are multiplexed as touch electrodes.
18. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
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