CN112417554A - Method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by adopting fishbone map to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering - Google Patents
Method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by adopting fishbone map to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN112417554A CN112417554A CN202011285158.XA CN202011285158A CN112417554A CN 112417554 A CN112417554 A CN 112417554A CN 202011285158 A CN202011285158 A CN 202011285158A CN 112417554 A CN112417554 A CN 112417554A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by adopting a fishbone diagram to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering, which comprises the following steps: the analysis points are as follows: selecting a classification mode aiming at a research object; finding out all possible factors in each class; sorting the found factors to determine the attributes of the factors; drawing a fishbone picture: identifying a problem to be studied on the fish head; drawing the big bones of the fish and filling the big factors; respectively filling corresponding middle factors and small factors on the middle bone and the small bone which extend from the big bone; if necessary, the special factors are briefly explained, and the important factors are marked by special symbols; therefore, the fishbone picture is drawn, and the risk factors of the cross-basin water transfer engineering influencing the flood control in the engineering area are identified and obtained. After the fishbone diagram method is adopted for designing and constructing the cross-basin water transfer engineering for the first time, the risk factors influencing the local flood control are identified in the operation stage, the level is clear, the arrangement is clear, and the method is suitable for various different cross-basin water transfer engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by using a fishbone diagram to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering.
Background
After the cross-river basin water transfer project is built, some original slope surface flow areas are changed into centralized outflow, some small rivers are merged and diverted, the downward drainage channels of natural flood of the water transfer project are cut off or changed, the converging conditions of the river are changed, and the situations of river closure, river harmony and the like are possibly caused. The evaluation on the local flood control influence is already carried out in the early design of the general water diversion project, and corresponding treatment measures are adopted for the flood control influence of buildings, but after the water diversion project is built, social economy development along the project is fast, the design conditions of cross rivers and the local social economy condition are changed, and particularly the conditions of the bottom surface of the river in northern areas, working conditions and the like are changed greatly. Therefore, under the original design standard of rainstorm, the river basin design flood above the cross section of the main canal and the river is influenced by the condition change of the underlying surface of the left bank area of the water transfer project; or the drainage channel of the right bank area does not accord with the design conditions, and the upstream and downstream flood conditions are changed, so that the actual overflow capacity of the current situation of the building is reduced compared with the design conditions, and the high risk events such as the design flood level of the left bank are high, so that the local flood control risk is caused, and the corresponding economic loss and social influence are caused.
At present, no relevant research report on the identification method of the local flood control influence risk factors by the cross-basin water transfer engineering exists, so that a method for identifying the local flood control influence risk factors by the cross-basin water transfer engineering is urgently needed to be explored.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by using a fishbone diagram to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering. According to the method, after the design and construction of the cross-basin water transfer project are completed, the cross-basin water transfer project is carried out to identify the risk factors influencing local flood control according to factors such as the difference between various conditions and design conditions in the operation stage, main risk factors are obtained, and therefore corresponding risk prevention and control and response measures are further taken.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by using a fishbone map to carry out cross-basin water transfer engineering comprises the following steps:
1) the analysis points are as follows: selecting a classification mode, namely a major factor, aiming at a research object; finding out all possible factors in various types by applying the brainstorming; sorting the found factors to determine the attributes of the factors;
2) drawing a fishbone picture: marking target problems to be researched on the fish head, namely the flood control risk of the water transfer engineering across the drainage basin to the local engineering area; drawing the big bones of the fish and filling the big factors; respectively filling corresponding middle factors and small factors on the middle bone and the small bone which extend from the big bone; if necessary, the special factors are briefly explained, and the important factors are marked by special symbols; therefore, the fishbone picture is drawn, and the risk factors of the cross-basin water transfer engineering influencing the flood control in the engineering area are identified and obtained.
Further, the major factors in the step 1) include the change of the conditions of the underlying surface of the drainage basin, the reduction of the actual flow capacity of the building and the current upstream and downstream of the building compared with the original design conditions, and the development of the local social economy of the engineering area.
Furthermore, the cross-basin water transfer project comprises a left bank drainage building and a large canal crossing building.
Further, the left bank drainage building comprises a left row inverted siphon, a left row culvert and a left row aqueduct; the large canal crossing building comprises a river channel inverted siphon, a flood discharge culvert, a flood discharge aqueduct, a canal inverted siphon, an underdrain, a beam type aqueduct and a culvert type aqueduct.
Further, the change of the conditions of the underlying surface of the drainage basin in the major factors comprises the change of the characteristic value of the drainage basin and/or the change of the proportion of the built-in construction land of the drainage basin.
Furthermore, the actual flow capacity of the building and the current situation of the upstream and downstream of the building is reduced compared with the original design conditions in major factors, including one or more factors of narrow upstream flood section bundles, reduced downstream river flood discharge capacity compared with the design conditions, unsmooth right bank drainage and building self silting.
Further, the change of the river basin characteristic value comprises one or more factors of increasing the confluence area, increasing the river slope and shortening the confluence path.
Further, the narrow upstream flood section and the reduced flood discharge capacity of the downstream riverway compared with the design conditions respectively comprise abandoning slag, piling up soil and occupying the riverway, and/or building houses and cultivating and occupying the riverway.
Furthermore, the unsmooth drainage of the right bank comprises one or more factors of waste slag, piled soil occupying river channels, newly-built roads and house buildings blocking water, and an outlet of the river channels is opposite to a village and an enterprise.
Furthermore, the self clogging of the building comprises one or more factors of waste slag and piled soil near the inlet, relatively strong off-mountain body, easy landslide and debris flow, and more garbage and floaters near the inlet.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
after the invention adopts a fishbone diagram method to design and construct the cross-drainage basin water transfer engineering for the first time, the operation stage identifies the local flood control influence risk factors, the level is clear, the arrangement is clear, and the method is suitable for various buildings related to the cross-drainage basin water transfer engineering including left bank drainage buildings and large canal crossing buildings, and determines that the influence risk of the cross-drainage basin water transfer engineering operation stage on the local flood control mainly comes from factors in aspects of basin underlying surface condition change, upstream and downstream flood condition change, social and economic development and the like compared with the design stage.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a fish bone diagram of the identification of risk factors affecting local flood control by a left-row inverted siphon and a left-row culvert in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a fishbone identification of risk factors affecting local flood control by the left drainage aqueduct in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a fish bone diagram of a river inverted siphon and flood discharge culvert for identifying local flood control risk factors according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a fishbone recognition of risk factors affecting local flood control by a flood discharge aqueduct according to embodiment 4 of the invention;
fig. 5 is a fishbone diagram for identifying risk factors influencing local flood control by inverted siphons, underdrains, beam-type aqueducts and culvert-type aqueducts in embodiment 5 of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for identifying a risk factor influencing local flood control by adopting a fishbone diagram to perform cross-basin water transfer engineering, wherein the embodiment relates to a left-row inverted siphon and left-row culvert type building involved in the cross-basin water transfer engineering, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the analysis points are as follows: aiming at research objects, selecting a classification mode, namely major factors including the change of the conditions of the underlying surface of the drainage basin, the reduction of the actual flow capacity of the building and the current upstream and downstream of the building compared with the original design conditions, and the development of the local social economy of the engineering area; finding out all possible factors in various types by applying the brainstorming; sorting the found factors to determine the attributes of the factors;
2) drawing a fishbone picture: marking the problem to be researched on the fish head, namely, the influence risk of the water transfer engineering across the drainage basin on the local flood control of the engineering area; drawing the big bones of the fish, filling the big factors, namely the change of the conditions of the underlying surface of the drainage basin, the reduction of the actual flow capacity of the building and the current situation of the upstream and downstream of the building compared with the original design conditions, and the development of the local social economy of the water transfer engineering area; the method comprises the following steps that middle bones and small bones extend out of the large bones, and corresponding middle factors and small factors are filled in the middle bones and the small bones respectively, wherein for left row inverted siphons and left row culverts, the change of the conditions of the lower bed surface of the drainage basin comprises two middle factors of the change of the characteristic value of the drainage basin and the increase of the proportion of the built-in construction land of the drainage basin, and the change of the characteristic value of the drainage basin further comprises three small factors of the increase of the confluence area, the increase of the river specific drop and the shortening of a confluence path; the actual flow capacity of the building and the current upstream and downstream situations of the building is reduced compared with the original design conditions, and the actual flow capacity of the building and the current downstream and downstream situations of the building is reduced, the actual flow capacity of the building comprises three middle factors of upstream flood section narrowing, right bank drainage unsmooth and building and cultivating and occupying of a river channel, the upstream flood section narrowing respectively comprises two small factors of waste slag, piled soil occupying of the river channel, building water blocking of a newly-built road and a building, and an outlet of the building is over against three small factors of villages and enterprises, the building self silting comprises the waste slag and piled soil near an inlet, is relatively strong and is easy to generate landslide and debris flow, the garbage and floating objects near the inlet are more, and the building is internally provided with four small factors of silt and garbage siltation. As shown in fig. 1, the fishbone map is drawn, and the flood control influence risk factors of the cross-basin water transfer project on the local engineering area are identified and obtained.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, a fishbone diagram is used to identify local flood control influence risk factors for a left drainage aqueduct type building, the specific method refers to embodiment 1, and the fishbone diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 2.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, a fishbone diagram is used to identify local flood control influence risk factors for river inverted siphon and flood discharge culvert type buildings, the specific method refers to embodiment 1, and the fishbone diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 3.
Example 4:
in this embodiment, a fishbone diagram is used to identify local flood control influence risk factors for a flood drainage aqueduct type building, and with reference to embodiment 1, the fishbone diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 4.
Example 5:
in this embodiment, a fishbone diagram is used to identify local flood control influence risk factors for buildings of channel inverted siphon, underdrain, beam aqueduct and culvert aqueduct types, and a concrete method refers to embodiment 1, and the fishbone diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 5.
Finally, it should be noted that the above only illustrates the technical solution of the present invention, but not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying local flood control influence risk factors by using a fishbone map for cross-basin water transfer engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the analysis points are as follows: selecting a classification mode, namely a major factor, aiming at a research object; finding out all possible factors in various types by applying the brainstorming; sorting the found factors to determine the attributes of the factors;
2) drawing a fishbone picture: marking target problems to be researched on the fish heads, namely, the influence risk of the cross-basin water transfer engineering on the local flood control of the engineering area; drawing the big bones of the fish and filling the big factors; respectively filling corresponding middle factors and small factors on the middle bone and the small bone which extend from the big bone; if necessary, the special factors are briefly explained, and the important factors are marked by special symbols; therefore, the fishbone picture is drawn, and the risk factors of the cross-basin water transfer engineering influencing the flood control in the engineering area are identified and obtained.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the major factors in step 1) include changes in the conditions of the underlying surface of the basin, reduction in actual flow capacity of the building and the current upstream and downstream conditions thereof compared with the original design conditions, and development of local socioeconomic development in the engineering area.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cross-basin water diversion works comprise left bank drainage buildings, large canal crossing buildings.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the left bank drainage building comprises a left bank inverted siphon, a left bank culvert, and a left bank flume; the large canal crossing building comprises a river channel inverted siphon, a flood discharge culvert, a flood discharge aqueduct, a canal inverted siphon, an underdrain, a beam type aqueduct and a culvert type aqueduct.
5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the change in the underlying surface condition of the watershed is due to a major factor, including a change in the feature value of the watershed and/or a change in the proportion of the land used for building in the watershed.
6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the actual flow capacity of the building and the upstream and downstream actual flow capacities thereof is reduced in the major factors compared with the original design conditions, and the major factors include one or more of narrow upstream flood section bundles, reduced downstream river flood discharge capacity compared with the design conditions, unsmooth right bank drainage and building self-clogging.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the change in the river basin characteristic value comprises one or more of an increase in a sink area, an increase in a river slope, and a decrease in a sink path.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the narrowing of the upstream flood section and the reducing of the flood discharge capacity of the downstream waterway compared to design conditions comprise abandoning the river, crowding the river with mound, and/or building a house, planting and crowding the river, respectively.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the poor drainage of the right bank comprises one or more of spoil disposal, mound crowding into a river, building of a new road, building of a house blocking water, and exit facing a village or an enterprise.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the building self-fouling comprises one or more of spoil, mound, heavy off-hill, landslide and debris flow near the entrance, and high trash and floaters near the entrance.
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