CN112412939A - Combined positioning pin device and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Combined positioning pin device and installation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112412939A
CN112412939A CN202011134241.7A CN202011134241A CN112412939A CN 112412939 A CN112412939 A CN 112412939A CN 202011134241 A CN202011134241 A CN 202011134241A CN 112412939 A CN112412939 A CN 112412939A
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pin
hole
sleeve
positioning
connecting section
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CN112412939B (en
Inventor
郝雄波
李思远
武俊强
刘学斌
孙丽军
柯善良
王帅
孙剑
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/10Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of bayonet connections
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/02Bolts or sleeves for positioning of machine parts, e.g. notched taper pins, fitting pins, sleeves, eccentric positioning rings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种组合式定位销钉装置及其安装方法,解决设备或者载荷在多次拆卸后重新调整定位困难的问题。该装置包括第一销钉、第二销钉、柔性连接件、锁紧螺母和蒙皮;柔性连接件包括依次连接的第一销套、柔性套和第二销套;第一销钉包括依次设置的第一连接段、第一限位段和第二连接段;第一连接段设置在第一销套和第二避让孔内,第一限位段设置在第二避让孔内,第二连接段设置在第一定位孔内;第二销钉包括依次设置的第三连接段、第四连接段、第二限位段和第五连接段;第四连接段设置在第二销套内,第二限位段设置在第二连接件外侧,第五连接段设置在第一避让孔和第二定位孔内;锁紧螺母套设在第三连接段上;蒙皮包覆在柔性套的外侧。

Figure 202011134241

The invention provides a combined positioning pin device and an installation method thereof, which solves the problem of difficulty in readjusting and positioning equipment or loads after multiple disassembly. The device includes a first pin, a second pin, a flexible connecting piece, a locking nut and a skin; the flexible connecting piece includes a first pin sleeve, a flexible sleeve and a second pin sleeve connected in sequence; the first pin includes a first pin sleeve arranged in sequence a connecting section, a first limiting section and a second connecting section; the first connecting section is arranged in the first pin sleeve and the second avoiding hole, the first limiting section is arranged in the second avoiding hole, and the second connecting section is arranged in the first positioning hole; the second pin includes a third connecting section, a fourth connecting section, a second limiting section and a fifth connecting section arranged in sequence; the fourth connecting section is arranged in the second pin sleeve, and the second limiting section The position segment is arranged on the outer side of the second connection piece, the fifth connection segment is arranged in the first avoidance hole and the second positioning hole; the locking nut is sleeved on the third connection segment; the skin is covered on the outer side of the flexible sleeve.

Figure 202011134241

Description

Combined positioning pin device and installation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a positioning pin, in particular to a combined positioning pin device allowing readjustment and positioning after multiple disassembly and an installation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of aerospace technology, the precision index parameters of optical remote sensing loads carried by satellites are higher and higher, such as a hyperspectral imager, a high-resolution camera and the like. The optical remote sensing load generally comprises a detector assembly, a front telescopic system assembly, a lens assembly, an interferometer assembly, a prism assembly, a grating assembly, a large box body part and a lens hood part, wherein the assemblies or the parts are assembled and adjusted in place according to an optical measurement means, pin holes are required to be formed among the assemblies, the parts or between the assemblies and the parts by using a boring machine or a drilling machine after screws are screwed down, and the pins are used for accurate positioning so as to ensure that the precision of the whole optical remote sensing load is stable and index parameters cannot change due to displacement caused by stress of the assemblies or the parts.
Optical remote sensing loads typically require a long lead time before being launched. After the optical remote sensing load is initially installed and adjusted in place and the indexes are tested to be qualified, pins are matched between every two assemblies or parts for reliable positioning. However, in the development process, for various reasons, such as glass stripping, grating displacement, failure of force and heat examination, the parts or components need to be detached from the whole machine, and the positions of the parts or components are adjusted again after treatment. However, in the later development stage, the higher the integration level of the optical remote sensing load is, the more complicated the pin hole re-matching on the machine tool is, the higher the difficulty is, the higher the risk is, new problems are easily caused, and in addition, the risk that the pin is re-matched at a new position without redundant space of components or parts exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined positioning pin device and an installation method thereof, which solve the problem that equipment or load is difficult to readjust and position after being disassembled for many times, avoid the process of matching and striking pins on a machine tool after the equipment is assembled, reduce risks and shorten the development period.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a combined positioning pin device is used for positioning a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the first connecting piece is provided with a first positioning hole and a first avoiding hole, and the second connecting piece is provided with a second positioning hole and a second avoiding hole; the device comprises a first pin, a second pin, a flexible connecting piece, a locking nut and a skin; the flexible connecting piece comprises a first pin sleeve, a flexible sleeve and a second pin sleeve, the flexible sleeve is a flexible piece and can stretch out and draw back along the axial direction of the flexible sleeve, one end of the flexible sleeve is connected with the outer wall of the first pin sleeve, the other end of the flexible sleeve is connected with the outer wall of the second pin sleeve, and the first pin sleeve and the second pin sleeve are both provided with air holes which are communicated along the radial direction and are communicated with the inner hole of the flexible sleeve; the first pin comprises a first connecting section, a first limiting section and a second connecting section which are arranged in sequence; the first connecting section is arranged in the first pin sleeve and the second avoiding hole, is in clearance fit with the first pin sleeve and the second avoiding hole, and the first limiting section is arranged in the second avoiding hole and is used for axially positioning the first pin; the second connecting section is arranged in the first positioning hole and is in interference fit with the first positioning hole; the second pin comprises a third connecting section, a fourth connecting section, a second limiting section and a fifth connecting section which are arranged in sequence; the fourth connecting section is arranged in the second pin sleeve and is in clearance fit with the second pin sleeve, and the second limiting section is arranged on the outer side of the second connecting piece and is used for axially positioning the second pin; the fifth connecting section is arranged in the first avoidance hole and the second positioning hole, is in interference fit with the second positioning hole and is in clearance fit with the first avoidance hole; the locking nut is sleeved on the third connecting section and used for preventing the second pin sleeve from falling off the second pin; the skin is coated on the outer side of the flexible sleeve and used for curing the flexible sleeve after positioning.
Further, first pin is provided with the first exhaust hole that runs through along the axial, second pin is provided with the second exhaust hole that runs through along the axial.
Furthermore, the size of the inner hole of the first pin sleeve is the same as that of the inner hole of the second pin sleeve, so that the fast replacement at the later stage is facilitated.
Furthermore, one end of the first connecting section is provided with a first conical surface for quick sleeving of the first pin sleeve, a second conical surface is arranged between the third connecting section and the fourth connecting section, and the diameter of the third connecting section is smaller than that of the fourth connecting section for quick sleeving of the second pin sleeve.
Furthermore, the top end of the locking nut is provided with a screwdriver groove for facilitating rotation of the locking nut, and an inner hole of the locking nut is provided with an annular groove for avoiding interference with the second conical surface.
Furthermore, the clearance value between the first connecting section and the inner hole of the first pin sleeve is 0-0.01 mm, and the clearance value between the fourth connecting section and the inner hole of the second pin sleeve is 0-0.01 mm.
Further, the diameter of the first connecting section is smaller than the diameter size Δ d of the second avoiding hole, and the diameter of the fifth connecting section is smaller than the diameter size Δ d ', Δ d and Δ d' of the first avoiding hole and larger than 2 mm.
Furthermore, the skin is provided with glue injection holes for positioning and then injecting glue to change the flexible sleeve into a rigid piece.
Further, the flexible sleeve is of a spiral structure.
Meanwhile, the invention provides an installation method based on the combined positioning pin device, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a first positioning hole and a first avoiding hole are machined in a first connecting piece, and a second positioning hole and a second avoiding hole are machined in a second connecting piece;
step two, connecting the second connecting section with the first positioning hole in an interference fit manner, and connecting the fifth connecting section with the second positioning hole in an interference fit manner;
adjusting the relative positions of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and fixedly connecting the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece after the measurement is qualified;
step four, sleeving the first pin sleeve on the first connecting section, sleeving the second pin sleeve on the fourth connecting section, and connecting the first pin and the second pin by the flexible connecting piece;
step five, sleeving a locking nut on the third connecting section for locking the second pin sleeve;
and step six, wrapping the flexible sleeve by using a skin, curing the flexible sleeve, and finishing the relative positioning of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece after the curing is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the combined type positioning pin device is used, all structural parts can be machined in advance, the combined type positioning pin device can be directly assembled during assembly, a drilling machine and a boring machine are not needed to be used for drilling and reaming bottom holes, pins are ground according to the hole diameter, the risk of machining on the machine tool is avoided, and the development period is shortened.
2. The combined positioning pin device can realize the function of repositioning after disassembling and adjusting the equipment or the load for many times in the development process only by replacing the pin sleeve.
3. After a traditional satellite-borne equipment or a loaded positioning pin hole is machined on a machine tool, the traditional satellite-borne equipment or the loaded positioning pin hole can only be matched with a pin, the size of the pin hole has certain taper, the pin cannot be measured accurately, the pin can only be continuously ground in a trial mode, the matching gap depends on the hand feeling of an assembler, and the positioning precision is generally 0.01 mm. The positioning precision of the device is determined by the fit clearance between the pin sleeve and the pin, the fit clearance can be designed, the pin sleeve and the pin are both processed by grinding, and the positioning precision can be controlled to be in a micron order.
4. All parts of the combined positioning pin device can be produced in batches, the combined positioning pin device is applied to different assemblies and different equipment or loads, a series of pin sleeves with different tolerance zones are machined, and during assembly, the pin sleeves with different tolerances are selected according to actual positioning accuracy, so that the combined positioning pin device is high in convenience and applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic hole site view of a first connector and a second connector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the modular dowel apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flexible connection unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the driver slot of the lock nut of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the annular groove of the lock nut of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the skin of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the connection of the first and second connectors according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a first pin; 2-a second pin; 3-a flexible connector; 4-locking the nut; 5-covering; 6-a second connector; 7-a first connector; 11-a first venting aperture; 12-a first conical surface; 13-a first connection section; 14-a first spacing section; 15-a second connection section; 21-a second vent; 22-a third connecting section; 23-a second conical surface; 24-a fourth connection segment; 25-a second limiting section; 26-a fifth connecting segment; 31-a first pin sleeve; 32-a second pin sleeve; 33-a flexible sleeve; 34-air holes; 41-a screwdriver slot; 42-an annular groove; 51-glue injection holes; 61-a second positioning hole; 62-a second avoidance hole; 71-a first avoidance hole; 72-first positioning hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a combined positioning pin device and an installation method thereof, which solve the problem that readjustment and positioning are difficult after equipment or load is disassembled for many times in the development process, simultaneously avoid the process of matching and striking pins on a machine tool after equipment is assembled, reduce risks and shorten the development period. The relative positions of the two assemblies are restrained and positioned through the two groups of devices, and after the two assemblies are positioned, the whole assembly is a rigid unit. In addition, all parts of the combined positioning pin device are processed before assembly of the components, the positioning precision is micron-sized, and batch production can be realized.
As shown in fig. 1, the combined locating pin device of the present invention is used for locating a first connecting member 7 and a second connecting member 6, and two sets of combined locating pin devices can be used for accurately locating the position of the second connecting member 6 relative to the first connecting member 7, and the first connecting member 7 or the second connecting member 6 can be a component or a part, and is a part of equipment or a load. During positioning, the first connecting member 7 is provided with a first positioning hole 72 and a first avoiding hole 71, and the second connecting member 6 is provided with a second positioning hole 61 and a second avoiding hole 62.
As shown in fig. 2 to 9, the combined dowel apparatus of the present invention includes a first dowel 1, a second dowel 2, a flexible coupling 3, a lock nut 4, and a skin 5. In the device, a first pin 1 is in interference fit with a first connecting piece 7, is in clearance fit with a flexible connecting piece 3 and a second connecting piece 6, and a second pin 2 is in interference fit with the second connecting piece 6, is in clearance fit with the flexible connecting piece 3 and the first connecting piece 7. The flexible connecting piece 3 has certain flexibility and can adapt to the change of the center distance between the first pin 1 and the second pin 2. The first pin 1 and the second pin 2 can be provided with a conical surface and a boss, so that the installation and the positioning are convenient. The specific structure of each component is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the flexible connection member 3 includes a first pin sleeve 31, a flexible sleeve 33 and a second pin sleeve 32, the flexible sleeve 33 is a flexible member and can extend and retract along an axial direction thereof, one end of the flexible sleeve 33 is connected to an outer wall of the first pin sleeve 31, the other end of the flexible sleeve is connected to an outer wall of the second pin sleeve 32, and the first pin sleeve 31 and the second pin sleeve 32 are both provided with air holes 34 penetrating in a radial direction and communicating with an inner hole of the flexible sleeve 33. The flexible connecting piece 3 has certain flexibility in the X direction, and the hole distance between the first pin sleeve 31 and the second pin sleeve 32 can be controlled through extension or compression, so that the position change after the first connecting piece 7 and the second connecting piece 6 are detached and readjusted is compensated. The flexible sheath 33 may be formed in a spiral shape or other shapes. When the position of the second connecting piece 6 relative to the first connecting piece 7 changes and needs to be repositioned, the flexible connecting piece 3 is replaced by a new one. In addition, the size of the inner hole of the first pin sleeve 31 and the size of the inner hole of the second pin sleeve 32 can be processed to be consistent, the fast replacement at the later stage is facilitated, and the applicability is strong.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first pin 1 includes a first connecting section 13, a first limiting section 14 and a second connecting section 15 which are arranged in sequence; the first connecting section 13 is arranged in the first pin sleeve 31 and the second avoiding hole 62, is in clearance fit with the first pin sleeve 31 and the second avoiding hole 62, and the first limiting section 14 is arranged in the second avoiding hole 62 and is used for axially positioning the first pin 1; the second connecting section 15 is disposed in the first positioning hole 72 and is in interference fit with the first positioning hole 72.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the second pin 2 includes a third connecting section 22, a fourth connecting section 24, a second limiting section 25 and a fifth connecting section 26, which are sequentially arranged; the fourth connecting section 24 is arranged in the second pin sleeve 32 and is in clearance fit with the second pin sleeve 32, and the second limiting section 25 is arranged outside the second connecting piece 6 and is used for axially positioning the second pin 2; the fifth connecting section 26 is arranged in the first avoidance hole 71 and the second positioning hole 61 and is in interference fit with the second positioning hole 61; the lock nut 4 is sleeved on the third connecting section 22 and is in threaded connection with the second pin 2, so that the second pin sleeve 32 is prevented from being separated from the second pin 2.
In the combined positioning pin device, the first pin 1 is provided with the first exhaust hole 11 which penetrates through the first pin in the axial direction, and the second pin 2 is provided with the second exhaust hole 21 which penetrates through the second pin in the axial direction, so that when the first avoidance hole 71 or the first positioning hole 72 is a blind hole, gas can be conveniently exhausted, and the situation that the first avoidance hole cannot be assembled in place or the connection is unreliable due to air pressure is avoided.
In the combined type dowel pin device, one end of the first connecting section 13 is provided with the first conical surface 12, so that the first pin sleeve 31 can be quickly and accurately pressed into the first dowel pin 1 from right above without being completely aligned. A second conical surface 23 is arranged between the third connecting section 22 and the fourth connecting section 24, and the diameter of the third connecting section 22 is smaller than that of the fourth connecting section 24, so that the second pin sleeve 32 can be quickly and accurately pressed into the second pin 2 from right above without being completely aligned.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the top end of the lock nut 4 is provided with a driver groove 41, the driver groove 41 facilitates tightening of the lock nut 4 with a tool, and the inner bore of the lock nut 4 is provided with an annular groove 42 which avoids interference with the second conical surface 23.
As shown in fig. 8, the skin 5 covers the outside of the flexible sleeve 33, and is provided with a glue injection hole 51 for curing the flexible sleeve 33 after positioning. After the skin 5 is wound on the flexible sleeve 33, glue is injected through the glue injection holes 51, the skin 5 and the flexible sleeve 33 are connected into a whole, after the glue is solidified, the flexible sleeve 33 loses flexibility and becomes a rigid body, and the whole device is a rigid unit. This requires the glue to be soft or hard adjustable, and after curing it is not allowed to be an elastomer, a viable glue is epoxy HY 914. The skin can be made of copper sheet, polyimide film or heat shrinkable film.
In the combined type positioning pin device, the first pin 1, the second pin 2 and the flexible connecting piece 3 are processed before assembly, and the pins with proper sizes do not need to be prepared at the later stage of assembly. When the flexible connecting piece is processed, the inner hole of the first pin sleeve 31 of the flexible connecting piece 3 and the inner hole of the second pin sleeve 32 are directly processed in place, the corresponding matching surfaces of the first pin 1 and the second pin 2 are ground in place according to the actually measured processing values of the inner hole of the first pin sleeve 31 and the inner hole of the second pin sleeve 32, and the matching clearance is ensured.
The positioning accuracy of the combined positioning pin device is determined by the fit clearance between the pin sleeves and the pins, the first pin 1 and the first pin sleeve 31 as well as the second pin 2 and the second pin sleeve 32 are in clearance fit, the fit clearance can be designed according to requirements, the value range is generally 0-0.01 mm, namely the clearance value between the first connecting section 13 and the inner hole of the first pin sleeve 31 is 0-0.01 mm, and the clearance value between the fourth connecting section 24 and the inner hole of the second pin sleeve 32 is 0-0.01 mm. In the embodiment of the present invention, the fitting clearance is set to be Δ 0.003mm, and precision is ensured by precision grinding, in which case, the maximum positioning error of the first connecting member 7 and the second connecting member 6 is 2 times of the fitting clearance of the pin bush and the pin, that is, 0.006 mm.
In the combined type dowel pin device, the diameter of the first connecting section 13 is smaller than that of the second avoidance hole 62 by delta d, the maximum adjusting amount of the position of the second connecting piece 6 relative to the first connecting piece 7 is delta d/2, and the delta d can only be a positive value. The value of delta d is generally larger than 2mm, and the adjustment range is ensured to be at least 1 mm. If the diameter of the fifth connecting section 26 is smaller than the diameter of the first clearance hole 71 by Δ d ', the maximum adjustment amount of the position of the second connecting element 6 relative to the first connecting element 7 is Δ d '/2, and Δ d ' can only be positive. The value of delta d' is generally larger than 2mm, and the adjustment range is ensured to be at least 1 mm. In the implementation of the invention, the fit clearance is 0.003mm, and in order to ensure sufficient adjustment allowance, the delta d is 4 mm.
The installation method of the combined positioning pin device comprises the following steps:
step one, processing a first positioning hole 72 and a first avoidance hole 71 at corresponding positions of a first connecting piece 7, and processing a second positioning hole 61 and a second avoidance hole 62 at corresponding positions of a second connecting piece 6;
step two, the second connecting section 15 is connected with the first positioning hole 72 in an interference fit manner, and the fifth connecting section 26 is connected with the second positioning hole 61 in an interference fit manner;
adjusting the relative positions of the first connecting piece 7 and the second connecting piece 6 by using an optical means and by using a theodolite and a cross wire, and fastening the first connecting piece 7 and the second connecting piece 6 by using screws after the measurement is qualified;
step four, sleeving a first pin sleeve 31 on the first connecting section 13, sleeving a second pin sleeve 32 on the fourth connecting section 24, and connecting the flexible connecting piece 3 with the first pin 1 and the second pin 2;
step five, the locking nut 4 is sleeved on the third connecting section 22 and used for fixing the second pin sleeve 32 and preventing the second pin sleeve 32 from falling off due to a mechanical environment;
and step six, wrapping the flexible sleeve 33 by using the skin 5, enabling the glue injection hole 51 of the skin 5 to be upward, injecting HY914 glue through the glue injection hole 51 and waiting for glue curing, and finishing the relative positioning of the first connecting piece 7 and the second connecting piece 6 after the curing is finished.
And if the solidification is finished, the equipment or the load needs to disassemble or process the first connecting piece 7 or the second connecting piece 6 in the subsequent development process, loosening the locking nut 4, taking down the flexible connecting piece 3, adjusting the position, then replacing the new flexible connecting piece 3 again, and finishing the relative position positioning of the first connecting piece 7 and the second connecting piece 6 according to the steps.

Claims (10)

1.一种组合式定位销钉装置,用于对第一连接件(7)和第二连接件(6)进行定位,所述第一连接件(7)上设置有第一定位孔(72)和第一避让孔(71),所述第二连接件(6)上设置有第二定位孔(61)和第二避让孔(62);其特征在于:包括第一销钉(1)、第二销钉(2)、柔性连接件(3)、锁紧螺母(4)和蒙皮(5);1. A combined positioning pin device for positioning a first connecting piece (7) and a second connecting piece (6), the first connecting piece (7) being provided with a first positioning hole (72) and a first avoidance hole (71), the second connecting piece (6) is provided with a second positioning hole (61) and a second avoidance hole (62); Two pins (2), a flexible connector (3), a locking nut (4) and a skin (5); 所述柔性连接件(3)包括第一销套(31)、柔性套(33)和第二销套(32),所述柔性套(33)为柔性件,能够沿其轴向进行伸缩,其一端与第一销套(31)外壁连接,另一端与第二销套(32)外壁连接,所述第一销套(31)和第二销套(32)均设置有沿径向贯通,且与柔性套(33)内孔连通的气孔(34);The flexible connector (3) comprises a first pin sleeve (31), a flexible sleeve (33) and a second pin sleeve (32), the flexible sleeve (33) is a flexible part and can be extended and retracted along its axial direction, One end is connected to the outer wall of the first pin sleeve (31), and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the second pin sleeve (32). , and the air hole (34) communicated with the inner hole of the flexible sleeve (33); 所述第一销钉(1)包括依次设置的第一连接段(13)、第一限位段(14)和第二连接段(15);所述第一连接段(13)设置在第一销套(31)和第二避让孔(62)内,且与第一销套(31)、第二避让孔(62)均为间隙配合,所述第一限位段(14)设置在第二避让孔(62)内,用于对第一销钉(1)进行轴向定位;所述第二连接段(15)设置在第一定位孔(72)内,且与第一定位孔(72)过盈配合;The first pin (1) comprises a first connecting segment (13), a first limiting segment (14) and a second connecting segment (15) arranged in sequence; the first connecting segment (13) is arranged on the first The pin sleeve (31) and the second avoidance hole (62) are in clearance fit with the first pin sleeve (31) and the second avoidance hole (62). The two escape holes (62) are used for axial positioning of the first pin (1); the second connecting section (15) is arranged in the first positioning hole (72), and is connected with the first positioning hole (72). ) interference fit; 所述第二销钉(2)包括依次设置的第三连接段(22)、第四连接段(24)、第二限位段(25)和第五连接段(26);所述第四连接段(24)设置在第二销套(32)内,且与第二销套(32)间隙配合,所述第二限位段(25)设置在第二连接件(6)外侧,用于对第二销钉(2)进行轴向定位;所述第五连接段(26)设置在第一避让孔(71)和第二定位孔(61)内,且与第二定位孔(61)过盈配合,与第一避让孔(71)间隙配合;The second pin (2) includes a third connection segment (22), a fourth connection segment (24), a second limit segment (25) and a fifth connection segment (26) that are arranged in sequence; the fourth connection segment The segment (24) is arranged in the second pin sleeve (32), and is in clearance fit with the second pin sleeve (32), and the second limiting segment (25) is arranged outside the second connecting piece (6) for use in The second pin (2) is axially positioned; the fifth connecting section (26) is arranged in the first escape hole (71) and the second positioning hole (61), and passes through the second positioning hole (61). A positive fit, and a clearance fit with the first avoidance hole (71); 所述锁紧螺母(4)套设在第三连接段(22)上,用于避免第二销套(32)脱出第二销钉(2);The locking nut (4) is sleeved on the third connecting section (22) to prevent the second pin sleeve (32) from coming out of the second pin (2); 所述蒙皮(5)包覆在柔性套(33)的外侧,用于定位后对柔性套(33)进行固化。The skin (5) is wrapped on the outer side of the flexible sleeve (33), and is used for curing the flexible sleeve (33) after positioning. 2.根据权利要求1所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述第一销钉(1)沿轴向设置有贯穿的第一排气孔(11),所述第二销钉(2)沿轴向设置有贯穿的第二排气孔(21)。2 . The combined positioning pin device according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the first pin ( 1 ) is provided with a first exhaust hole ( 11 ) extending through the axial direction, and the second pin ( 2 ) ) is provided with a second exhaust hole (21) passing through in the axial direction. 3.根据权利要求2所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述第一销套(31)的内孔尺寸和第二销套(32)的内孔尺寸相同,便于后期快速更换。3. The combined positioning pin device according to claim 2, wherein the inner hole size of the first pin sleeve (31) is the same as the inner hole size of the second pin sleeve (32), which is convenient for quick replacement in the later stage . 4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述第一连接段(13)的一端设置有第一圆锥面(12),用于第一销套(31)的快速套装,所述第三连接段(22)、第四连接段(24)之间设置有第二圆锥面(23),且第三连接段(22)的直径小于第四连接段(24)的直径,用于第二销套(32)的快速套装。4. The combined positioning pin device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: one end of the first connecting section (13) is provided with a first conical surface (12) for the first pin sleeve (31), a second conical surface (23) is arranged between the third connecting section (22) and the fourth connecting section (24), and the diameter of the third connecting section (22) is smaller than that of the fourth connecting section Diameter of segment (24) for quick fit of second pin sleeve (32). 5.根据权利要求4所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述锁紧螺母(4)的顶端设置有起子槽(41),用于方便旋转锁紧螺母(4),所述锁紧螺母(4)的内孔设置有环形凹槽(42),用于避免与第二圆锥面(23)产生干涉。5. The combined positioning pin device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the top end of the locking nut (4) is provided with a screwdriver slot (41) for convenient rotation of the locking nut (4), the The inner hole of the locking nut (4) is provided with an annular groove (42) for avoiding interference with the second conical surface (23). 6.根据权利要求5所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述第一连接段(13)与第一销套(31)内孔的间隙值为0~0.01mm,所述第四连接段(24)与第二销套(32)内孔的间隙值为0~0.01mm。6 . The combined positioning pin device according to claim 5 , wherein the gap between the first connecting section ( 13 ) and the inner hole of the first pin sleeve ( 31 ) is 0 to 0.01 mm, and the first The value of the gap between the four connecting sections (24) and the inner hole of the second pin sleeve (32) is 0-0.01 mm. 7.根据权利要求6所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述第一连接段(13)的直径小于第二避让孔(62)的直径尺寸Δd,所述第五连接段(26)的直径小于第一避让孔(71)的直径尺寸Δd′,Δd和Δd′大于2mm。7. The combined positioning pin device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the diameter of the first connecting section (13) is smaller than the diameter dimension Δd of the second escape hole (62), and the fifth connecting section ( The diameter of 26) is smaller than the diameter dimension Δd' of the first avoidance hole (71), and Δd and Δd' are greater than 2 mm. 8.根据权利要求7所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述蒙皮(5)上设置有注胶孔(51),用于定位后注胶将柔性套(33)变为刚性件。8 . The combined positioning pin device according to claim 7 , wherein the outer skin ( 5 ) is provided with a glue injection hole ( 51 ) for injecting glue after positioning to change the flexible sleeve ( 33 ) into a rigid parts. 9.根据权利要求8所述的组合式定位销钉装置,其特征在于:所述柔性套(33)为螺旋状结构。9 . The combined positioning pin device according to claim 8 , wherein the flexible sleeve ( 33 ) has a helical structure. 10 . 10.一种基于权利要求1至9任一所述组合式定位销钉装置的安装方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:10. An installation method based on any one of the described combined positioning pin devices of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: 步骤一、在第一连接件(7)上加工第一定位孔(72)和第一避让孔(71),在第二连接件(6)上加工第二定位孔(61)和第二避让孔(62);Step 1. Process the first positioning hole (72) and the first avoidance hole (71) on the first connector (7), and process the second positioning hole (61) and the second avoidance on the second connector (6). hole(62); 步骤二、将第二连接段(15)与第一定位孔(72)过盈配合连接,将第五连接段(26)与第二定位孔(61)过盈配合连接;Step 2, connecting the second connecting section (15) with the first positioning hole (72) with interference fit, and connecting the fifth connecting section (26) with the second positioning hole (61) with interference fit; 步骤三、调整第一连接件(7)和第二连接件(6)的相对位置,测量合格后将第一连接件(7)和第二连接件(6)固定连接;Step 3: Adjust the relative positions of the first connector (7) and the second connector (6), and fix the first connector (7) and the second connector (6) after the measurement is qualified; 步骤四、将第一销套(31)套装在第一连接段(13)上,将第二销套(32)套装在第四连接段(24)上,此时,柔性连接件(3)将第一销钉(1)和第二销钉(2)连接;Step 4. Put the first pin sleeve (31) on the first connecting section (13), and put the second pin sleeve (32) on the fourth connecting section (24). At this time, the flexible connecting piece (3) Connect the first pin (1) and the second pin (2); 步骤五、将锁紧螺母(4)套设在第三连接段(22)上,用于锁紧第二销套(32);Step 5. Sleeve the locking nut (4) on the third connecting section (22) for locking the second pin sleeve (32); 步骤六、用蒙皮(5)包裹柔性套(33),同时对柔性套(33)进行固化,固化完成后即完成第一连接件(7)和第二连接件(6)的相对定位。Step 6, wrapping the flexible sleeve (33) with the skin (5), and curing the flexible sleeve (33) at the same time, after the curing is completed, the relative positioning of the first connecting piece (7) and the second connecting piece (6) is completed.
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