CN112412616A - Supercharged air temperature segmented control system of marine propulsion diesel engine - Google Patents
Supercharged air temperature segmented control system of marine propulsion diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112412616A CN112412616A CN202011318517.7A CN202011318517A CN112412616A CN 112412616 A CN112412616 A CN 112412616A CN 202011318517 A CN202011318517 A CN 202011318517A CN 112412616 A CN112412616 A CN 112412616A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0493—Controlling the air charge temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The utility model provides a marine propulsion diesel engine pressurized air temperature segmentation control system, belong to the diesel engine technical field, aim at overcomes the not enough that prior art exists, break through traditional booster and diesel engine matching theory, to the not enough that two kinds of control methods exist in the existing operation of distance oar propulsion diesel engine, propose new control thinking, through the segmentation control method of booster pressurized air temperature under different rotational speed segmentation, under the condition that does not influence low-load burning, the surge margin of booster when having increased the diesel engine part load, realized that booster and diesel engine good performance match the performance, improve diesel engine comprehensive properties, provide experience and the practice foundation for the follow-up matching of booster and diesel engine, the method is effective, it is convenient to implement, use cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and particularly relates to a temperature-segmented control system for supercharged air of a marine propulsion diesel engine.
Background
Exhaust gas turbochargers have found widespread use in marine diesel engines. Exhaust gas turbochargers and diesel engines are two machines with different operating principles, having distinctly different operating characteristics, whose combined operation presents a matching and tuning problem. During selection, main design parameters of the exhaust gas turbocharger are usually determined according to a calibration working condition, and then joint matching calculation of the compressor and the turbine is carried out by GT-POWER and other software to select the model of the turbocharger. And selecting a group of flow elements to carry out a machine matching test, thereby realizing the performance optimization when the supercharger and the diesel engine run in a combined mode. The parameters influencing the supercharging of the diesel engine mainly comprise the air flow rate and the supercharging pressure ratio of the diesel engine, the efficiency of an air compressor, the temperature of waste gas and the like, and the air flow rate and the pressure ratio directly influence the supercharging air pressure. On a combined operation line of the diesel engine and the gas compressor, if the pressure is too high or too low, the matching effect of the turbocharging system and the diesel engine is influenced, and the working environment of the turbocharging system is restricted.
The matching of the exhaust gas turbocharger and the diesel engine also needs to meet good matching when the exhaust gas turbocharger and the diesel engine run under various working conditions. The good matching is mainly shown in that: 1) the device can work normally in the whole operation range, and does not generate surging, overspeed, exhaust temperature overrun and the like; 2) the diesel engine operating line is in the high efficiency region of the compressor.
The diesel engine inlet air temperature influences the boost pressure condition, and the existing inlet air temperature control is divided into two types: the system comprises a charge air temperature system device, a charge air temperature constant temperature control device and a charge air temperature control device. For a fixed pitch propeller-propelled diesel engine, the two control methods have the following defects:
1. the device of the charge air temperature system automatically controls:
the automatic control principle is shown in fig. 3. The working principle of automatic control of system equipment is as follows: the paraffin wax type thermostatic valve is installed on the low-temperature water system, the thermostatic valve has the function that a heat sensitive element in the thermostatic valve senses the temperature of low-temperature water, and the heat sensitive element expands or contracts according to the change of the water temperature to control the water quantity of the low-temperature water entering the low-temperature water cooler so as to control the temperature of the low-temperature water before the 2-level air cooler. The paraffin wax type thermostatic valve only adopts a manual mechanical method to adjust a set value, and the set value is kept unchanged when the diesel engine runs after adjustment. During the performance test of the diesel engine, the rated working condition performance of the diesel engine is guaranteed by adjusting each low-temperature water system, and the low-temperature water temperature in front of the 2-stage air cooler is adjusted by the paraffin thermostatic valve under other working conditions, so that the balance of the low-temperature water system of the diesel engine is realized.
The automatic control method of the system equipment ensures that the rated working condition parameters of the diesel engine meet the requirements. The temperature of the supercharged air gradually increases along with the increase of the load of the diesel engine and gradually decreases along with the decrease of the load of the diesel engine, so that the temperature T3 of air after the air cooler is relatively low at partial load, and the low temperature of the air after the air cooler is not beneficial to the combustion of fuel oil, so that the problems of heavy carbon deposition in a cylinder, increased carbon content in exhaust gas and the like are caused at low load.
Therefore, the traditional paraffin thermostatic valve adopts the thermosensitive element to sense the temperature of the fluid passing through the thermostatic valve to control the flow rate of the split fluid, is suitable for the control type of controlling the split of the fluid according to the temperature of the fluid where the thermostatic valve is located, and cannot realize the control between cross systems.
2. And (3) controlling the temperature of the pressurized air at a constant temperature:
the charge air temperature thermostat control principle is shown in fig. 4. The working principle of the temperature and constant temperature control of the pressurized air is as follows: a T3 thermostatic valve is installed on the low-temperature water system and is used for controlling the temperature of the low-temperature water before the 2-stage air cooler according to the temperature T3 of the air after the air cooler. The T3 thermostatic valve is an electronic thermostatic valve, and the control temperature of the thermostatic valve can be set. During the performance test of the diesel engine, the T3 temperature constant temperature valve is set according to the requirement of the air cooler rear air temperature T3 in the specification, the set value of the T3 temperature constant temperature valve is not changed in the operation process of the diesel engine, and the air cooler rear air temperature (T3) is ensured to be constant under each working condition of the diesel engine. However, according to the analysis of the supercharger operation principle, under low load conditions, as the temperature of the charge air increases, the flow of the charge air decreases, which causes the surge margin to decrease.
In conclusion, because the compressor end and the turbine end of the supercharger operate in a combined mode, the supercharger after model selection matching can not give consideration to high-load and low-load operation areas of the diesel engine through the existing control method, the surge margin of the supercharger is reduced when the diesel engine is partially loaded, and the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine is reduced. There is therefore a need for improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a temperature-segmented control system for supercharged air of a marine propulsion diesel engine, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, break through the matching concept of the traditional supercharger and the diesel engine, provide a new control idea for the defects of two existing control modes in the operation of a fixed-pitch propeller propulsion diesel engine, increase the surge margin of the supercharger during partial load of the diesel engine by segmented control of the temperature of the supercharged air of the supercharger under different rotating speed segments without influencing low-load combustion, realize good performance matching of the supercharger and the diesel engine and improve the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the supercharged air temperature sectional control system for marine propulsion diesel engine includes marine propulsion diesel engine and low temperature water expansion tank, a turbocharger is arranged on the marine propulsion diesel engine, an outlet of a supercharger compressor in the turbocharger is connected with an air inlet end of an air cylinder of the marine propulsion diesel engine sequentially through a high-temperature water air cooler and a low-temperature water air cooler, the inlet of a turbocharger turbine in the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust outlet of a cylinder of the marine propulsion diesel engine, the outlet of the turbine of the supercharger is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe through a waste gas silencer, the inlet of the low-temperature water air cooler is connected with a low-temperature water expansion water tank through a low-temperature water pump, the outlet of the low-temperature water air cooler is connected with the low-temperature water expansion water tank through a low-temperature water cooler, the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature water cooler are connected with a T3 temperature control valve, the T3 temperature control valve controls the air temperature T3 behind the low-temperature water air cooler to different temperature fixed values in a sectional mode according to the rotating speeds of different diesel engines.
Further, the marine propulsion diesel engine sets the low-temperature water air cooler rear air temperature T3 to be lower than a required value by the T3 thermostat valve at a low load time, and controls the low-temperature water air cooler rear air temperature T3 to be a required value by the T3 thermostat valve at a high load time.
Further, for a diesel engine speed range of 300 rpm idle speed and 600 rpm rated speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine, when the speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine is greater than or equal to 300 rpm and less than 525 rpm, the T3 thermo valve is set to 35 ℃ and the low-temperature water air cooler rear air temperature T3 is controlled to 35 ℃; when the rotating speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine is more than or equal to 525 revolutions per minute and less than or equal to 600 revolutions per minute, the T3 temperature control valve is set to be 48 ℃, and the temperature T3 of air after the low-temperature water air cooler is controlled to be 48 ℃.
Further, the T3 thermostatic valve is an electronic thermostatic valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the scheme aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, break through the matching idea of the traditional supercharger and the diesel engine, and overcome the defects in two control modes in the operation of the fixed pitch propeller-propelled diesel engine, and provides a new control thought.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a charge air temperature segmented control scheme according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the combined operation of a diesel engine and a compressor in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic control of a prior art charge air temperature system device;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a prior art charge air temperature thermostat control.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The use of the phrase "comprising one of the elements" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Referring to fig. 1-2, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
The supercharged air temperature sectional control system of the marine propulsion diesel engine is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a marine propulsion diesel engine 9 and a low-temperature water expansion water tank 1, wherein a turbocharger is arranged on the marine propulsion diesel engine 9, an outlet of a supercharger compressor 7 in the turbocharger is connected with an air inlet end of a cylinder of the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 sequentially through a high-temperature water air cooler 4 and a low-temperature water air cooler 3, an inlet of a supercharger turbine 8 in the turbocharger is connected with an exhaust gas outlet of the cylinder of the marine propulsion diesel engine 9, and an outlet of the supercharger turbine 8 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe 11 through a waste gas silencer 10. The low-temperature water air cooler 3 import is connected with low-temperature water expansion tank 1 through low-temperature water pump 2, the low-temperature water air cooler 3 export is connected with low-temperature water expansion tank 1 through low-temperature water cooler 5.
The turbocharging technology and the middle cooling technology in the diesel engine are used in a combined mode, air pressure rises after air passes through the supercharger, air temperature also rises, the temperature of compressed air is reduced after the compressed air is cooled by the air cooler, the excess air coefficient of an air cylinder can be improved, and the power of the diesel engine is improved. The marine propulsion diesel engine 9 is usually provided with two-stage cooled air coolers (high temperature water air cooler 4 and low temperature water air cooler 3) for cooling the charge air. The principle of a cooling water system is analyzed: the high-temperature water directly enters the high-temperature water air cooler 4 after entering the diesel engine, and the temperature of the high-temperature water at the inlet of the high-temperature water air cooler 4 is adjusted, so that the high-temperature water entering temperature of the diesel engine can be adjusted only, the heat balance state of the high-temperature water system of the diesel engine is changed, and adverse effects are brought to parts of the diesel engine. And the low-temperature water only passes through the low-temperature water air cooler 3, and the temperature of the low-temperature water entering the low-temperature water air cooler 3 is adjusted without bringing adverse effects on other parts of the diesel engine. Therefore, the scheme is more convenient and reliable to control the temperature of the pressurized air by controlling the temperature of the low-temperature water entering the machine.
The traditional paraffin thermostatic valve is adopted for automatic control of equipment, the thermosensitive element is adopted, the temperature of fluid passing through the thermostatic valve is sensed to control the flow rate of the divided fluid, the paraffin thermostatic valve is suitable for controlling the type of the divided fluid according to the temperature of the fluid where the thermostatic valve is located, and the control between cross systems cannot be realized.
According to the technical scheme, according to the analysis of the combined operation curve of the diesel engine and the supercharger, as shown in fig. 2, the rule of the temperature and the flow of the supercharged air and the rule of the surge margin of the supercharged air are mastered, and under the condition of low load of the diesel engine, the flow of the supercharged air is reduced along with the increase of the temperature of the supercharged air, so that the surge margin is reduced. According to the principle and the structural analysis of the cooling water system, the temperature of the pressurized air can be effectively controlled by adjusting the temperature of the low-temperature water entering the machine. According to the rule, the following results are obtained: a method for increasing surge margin of a supercharger during partial load of a diesel engine.
The specific method comprises the following steps: the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature water cooler 5 are connected with a T3 temperature control valve 6, and the T3 temperature control valve 6 controls the air temperature T3 behind the low-temperature water air cooler 3 to be different temperature fixed values in a sectional mode according to the rotating speeds of different diesel engines. Specifically, during the adjustment, the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 sets the rear air temperature T3 of the low-temperature water air cooler 3 to be lower than a required value by the T3 thermostat 6 at a low load, and the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 controls the rear air temperature T3 of the low-temperature water air cooler 3 to be a required value by the T3 thermostat 6 at a high load.
The principle diagram of the charge air temperature segmented control system is shown in figure 1, and the working principle is as follows: the T3 temperature control valve 6 is set to different temperature values in different diesel engine rotating speed sections, and the T3 temperature control valve 6 controls the air temperature T3 behind the low-temperature water air cooler 3 to be a fixed value in different rotating speed sections when the diesel engine runs. According to the rule of the supercharged air temperature and the supercharger surge margin, the rear air temperature T3 of the low-load low-temperature water air cooler 3 is set to be a value lower than the rear air temperature T3 of the air cooler under the rated working condition. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring that the rated working condition operation parameters of the diesel engine are not changed, the surge margin of the supercharger under partial load can be effectively increased, the good performance matching of the supercharger and the diesel engine under each working condition of the diesel engine is ensured, and the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine is improved.
In the embodiment, a certain diesel engine is taken as an example: for a diesel engine speed range in which the idle speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 is 300 rpm and the rated speed is 600 rpm, when the speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 is greater than or equal to 300 rpm and less than 525 rpm, the T3 thermo valve 6 is set to 35 ℃ and the after-air temperature T3 of the low-temperature water air cooler 3 is controlled to 35 ℃; when the rotating speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine 9 is more than or equal to 525 revolutions per minute and less than or equal to 600 revolutions per minute, the T3 temperature control valve 6 is set to be 48 ℃, and the temperature T3 of the air after the low-temperature water air cooler 3 is controlled to be 48 ℃. Therefore, under the condition of low rotating speed, the target temperature is lower than the required value, and the required value is set under the condition of high load, so that the surge degree of the supercharger under the low load is increased under the condition of not influencing low-load combustion, the good performance matching of the supercharger and the diesel engine under each working condition of the diesel engine is ensured, and the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine is improved.
The T3 thermostatic valve 6 is an electronic thermostatic valve, but the T3 thermostatic valve is not limited to a certain type of valve, as long as the T3 temperature can be controlled to different constant values in different rotation speed sections of the diesel engine, and the supercharger and the diesel engine can be well matched.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The supercharged air temperature sectional control system of the marine propulsion diesel engine comprises a marine propulsion diesel engine (9) and a low-temperature water expansion water tank (1), wherein a turbocharger is arranged on the marine propulsion diesel engine (9), an outlet of a supercharger compressor (7) in the turbocharger is connected with an air inlet end of a cylinder of the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) through a high-temperature water air cooler (4) and a low-temperature water air cooler (3) in sequence, an inlet of a supercharger turbine (8) in the turbocharger is connected with an air exhaust outlet of the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) through a waste gas silencer (10), an outlet of the supercharger turbine (8) is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe (11) through a waste gas silencer (10), an inlet of the low-temperature water air cooler (3) is connected with the low-temperature water expansion water tank (1) through a low-temperature water pump (2), and an outlet of the low-temperature water air cooler (3) is connected with the low-temperature water expansion water tank, the method is characterized in that: the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature water cooler (5) are connected with a T3 temperature control valve (6), and the T3 temperature control valve (6) controls the temperature T3 of the air behind the low-temperature water air cooler (3) to be different temperature fixed values in a sectional mode according to different diesel engine rotating speeds.
2. The marine propulsion diesel engine charge air temperature segmented control system of claim 1, wherein: the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) sets the rear air temperature T3 of the low-temperature water air cooler (3) to be lower than a required value through the T3 thermostat valve (6) at the time of low load, and the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) controls the rear air temperature T3 of the low-temperature water air cooler (3) to be the required value through the T3 thermostat valve (6) at the time of high load.
3. The marine propulsion diesel engine charge air temperature segmented control system of claim 2, wherein: for the diesel engine speed range with the idling speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) being 300 rpm and the rated speed being 600 rpm, when the rotating speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) is more than or equal to 300 rpm and less than 525 rpm, the T3 temperature control valve (6) is set to be 35 ℃ and the air temperature T3 behind the low-temperature water air cooler (3) is controlled to be 35 ℃; when the rotating speed of the marine propulsion diesel engine (9) is more than or equal to 525 rpm and less than or equal to 600 rpm, the T3 temperature control valve (6) is set to be 48 ℃, and the air temperature T3 behind the low-temperature water air cooler (3) is controlled to be 48 ℃.
4. The marine propulsion diesel engine charge air temperature segmented control system of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the T3 temperature control valve (6) adopts an electronic temperature control valve.
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| JP2006249942A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-21 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Exhaust heat recovery system of reciprocation type internal combustion engine with supercharger |
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