CN112411786B - Orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate grading energy dissipation damper with viscoelastic material - Google Patents
Orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate grading energy dissipation damper with viscoelastic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112411786B CN112411786B CN202011356896.9A CN202011356896A CN112411786B CN 112411786 B CN112411786 B CN 112411786B CN 202011356896 A CN202011356896 A CN 202011356896A CN 112411786 B CN112411786 B CN 112411786B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering earthquake resistance and shock absorption, and relates to an orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate damper with a viscoelastic material. The invention can provide good lateral rigidity resistance and energy consumption capability for the structure; under a small earthquake, the upper end plate and the lower end plate rub with the viscoelastic material to consume energy, the energy-consuming connecting piece and the viscoelastic material deform to consume energy under a medium earthquake, and the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate consumes energy together with the viscoelastic material through elastic-plastic deformation under a large earthquake; the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate can realize easy replacement after earthquake through bolt connection, the transverse wave and the vertical wave of the corrugated steel plate are orthogonally connected, the defect that the metal damper is easy to bend can be effectively overcome, the energy consumption capability of the transverse wave steel plate can be fully utilized, and various energy consumption modes and multiple energy consumption directions are integrated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering earthquake resistance and shock absorption, and particularly relates to an orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate grading energy dissipation damper with a viscoelastic material.
Background
Under the action of wind vibration and strong vibration, the traditional building structure consumes energy and provides deformation by the structure, and the capacity is relatively limited. The shock absorber is arranged to consume energy to reduce wind vibration and earthquake response of the structure, and the method is economical and feasible. The energy consumption capability and the deformability of the building structure can be improved, and the requirements of the comfort level and the large-earthquake-resistance of the building structure are met.
The viscoelastic damper is a damper suitable for resisting wind, can start to consume energy under small displacement, has good energy consumption performance and good fatigue performance. However, the existing viscoelastic damper has a large body size, a forming die and a high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanizing machine which are required in the processing and manufacturing process need large sizes, the repeated utilization rate of the forming die of the viscoelastic damper is low, the resource waste is easily caused, the processing and manufacturing are not economical, and the processing process is complex. The metal damper is a shock absorption and isolation component which consumes energy by elastic-plastic deformation when metal yields, and because metal has good hysteresis characteristics after entering a plastic state, a large amount of energy is absorbed in the elastic-plastic deformation process. However, the existing metal damper bears larger pressure or pulling force while bearing shearing force, and particularly when the structure is vertically deformed, the performance of the damper cannot achieve the expected effect under the multi-force composite action; under the large axial deformation, the damper steel plate cannot continuously bear the load after buckling, and the anti-seismic performance and the overall safety of the structure can be affected seriously.
The existing metal damper is in an elastic state during small earthquake and cannot play a role in energy consumption. Most of the energy is consumed by yielding in the middle earthquake, so that the yield bearing capacity of the damper is improved to a limited extent in the case of a large earthquake, and a larger energy consumption effect cannot be exerted. And when the other part of the metal damper is subjected to a major earthquake, the metal damper generates yielding energy consumption, and the metal damper is generally in an elastic stage during a middle earthquake and does not consume energy, so that the metal damper can not play a role of dissipating earthquake energy during the middle earthquake, and the limitation of the existing pure metal damper is shown when the metal damper faces different earthquake magnitudes.
At present, the stress form and the energy consumption mode of most dampers are single, different types of dampers are needed for different positions of different structural forms, and the applicability of the same damper is obviously insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The damper provided by the invention has large deformation capacity and good plasticity energy consumption capacity, can consume energy in multiple forms in multiple directions, and is wide in applicability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a steel sheet grading energy consumption attenuator is slotted to quadrature wave form with viscoelastic material, including power consumption friction end plate, the steel sheet is slotted to the quadrature wave form, power consumption connecting piece and vertical support plate, vertical support plate's upper and lower both ends all are connected with power consumption friction end plate, vertical support plate is connected with power consumption friction end plate, vertical support plate's both sides all are equipped with the steel sheet is slotted to the quadrature wave form, the upper and lower both ends that the steel sheet is slotted to the quadrature wave form are connected with the power consumption friction end plate at vertical support plate's upper and lower both ends respectively, the inside of the steel sheet is slotted to the quadrature wave form is filled with viscoelastic material, vertical support plate is slotted the steel sheet through power consumption connecting piece and quadrature wave form and is connected.
Preferably, the energy-consumption friction end plate comprises a support connecting end plate, a corrugated clamping groove and a concave-convex viscoelastic material filled between the support connecting end plate and the corrugated clamping groove, a limiting block embedded into the concave-convex viscoelastic material upper groove is arranged on the support connecting end plate and the corrugated clamping groove, and the corrugated clamping groove is welded with the end part of the vertical supporting plate.
Preferably, the cross section of the concave-convex viscoelastic material is in a tooth-shaped structure, and the length direction of the tooth-shaped structure is perpendicular to the vertical support plate.
Preferably, the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate comprises a vertical wave steel plate, a horizontal wave steel plate and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material, the vertical wave steel plate, the horizontal slotted transverse wave steel plate and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material are vertically slotted, the upper end and the lower end of each of the vertical wave steel plate and the horizontal wave steel plate are respectively connected with the energy dissipation friction end plates at the upper end and the lower end of the vertical supporting plate, the vertical wave steel plate and the horizontal wave steel plate are connected through high-strength bolts, the trapezoidal viscoelastic material is arranged in a trapezoidal groove of the horizontal wave steel plate, and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material and the wave ridge and the wave trough of the horizontal wave steel plate are connected into a whole.
Preferably, the edge of the vertical wave steel plate is connected with the edge of the transverse wave steel plate through a high-strength bolt, the transverse wave steel plate is provided with a seam on the wave trough along the horizontal direction, and the vertical wave steel plate is provided with a seam on the wave crest along the vertical direction.
Preferably, the upward perpendicular ripples steel sheet and transverse wave steel sheet one side are equipped with ripple draw-in groove lower plate on the energy dissipation friction end plate, set up on the ripple draw-in groove lower plate and supply the embedded draw-in groove of perpendicular ripples that erects ripples steel sheet tip embedding, and the edge of transverse wave steel sheet extends to the side of ripple draw-in groove lower plate, erects ripples steel sheet, transverse wave steel sheet and ripple draw-in groove lower plate between through bolted connection structure as an organic whole.
Preferably, the energy-consuming connecting piece comprises an energy-consuming buckle and an energy-consuming connecting plate, the energy-consuming buckle is of a U-shaped structure, the vertical supporting plate extends into a U-shaped inner cavity of the energy-consuming buckle, the outer surfaces of two wing edges of the energy-consuming buckle are respectively and vertically connected with the energy-consuming connecting plate, the energy-consuming connecting plate is arranged along the length direction of the wing edge of the energy-consuming buckle, the energy-consuming connecting plate extends into and penetrates through the trapezoidal viscoelastic material from a horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate, and an elongated slot for the energy-consuming connecting plate to penetrate through is formed in the trapezoidal viscoelastic material.
Preferably, the width of the seam on the vertical wave steel plate is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the vertical wave steel plate, and the width of the seam on the transverse wave steel plate is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the transverse wave steel plate.
Preferably, the thickness of the vertical wave steel plate and the transverse wave steel plate is 2mm-8mm, and the wave angle is 30-60 degrees.
Preferably, the energy-consuming friction end plate is provided with a through hole for the bolt to pass through in the direction of the rear bucket.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the viscoelastic material is combined with the corrugated steel plate, the vertical support plate bears large and total vertical load and overturning bending moment, and the viscoelastic material and the corrugated steel plate bear total lateral force. The energy dissipation friction end plate can rub and dissipate energy in the structure to resist small earthquake or wind earthquake (the first stage), and the fatigue performance is good. Under the action of the medium-seismic load, the energy-consuming friction end plate reaches the limited limit displacement, the energy-consuming friction end plate does not displace any more, the load is transmitted to the energy-consuming connecting piece through the vertical supporting plate, the energy-consuming connecting piece transmits the deformation to the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate, and the viscoelastic material in the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate consumes energy through multi-directional deformation (the second stage). When the damper is subjected to an earthquake load in the x direction (the direction perpendicular to the vertical supporting plate), one side of the viscoelastic material positioned on the two sides of the vertical supporting plate is pulled to deform, and the other side of the viscoelastic material is pressed to deform to consume energy; when the damper is subjected to seismic load in the y direction (the direction parallel to the vertical supporting plate), the viscoelastic material is wholly subjected to shear deformation in the y direction to consume energy; when the damper is subjected to seismic load in the z direction (perpendicular to the energy-consuming friction end plate), one side of the viscoelastic material on the upper side and the lower side of the energy-consuming connecting piece is pulled to deform, and the other side of the viscoelastic material on the upper side and the lower side of the energy-consuming connecting piece is pressed to deform to consume energy. After the energy consumption connecting piece reaches the maximum displacement value under a large earthquake load, the lateral force is transmitted to the transverse orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate, the earthquake energy is consumed through the elastic-plastic deformation of the corrugated steel plate (the third stage), when the damper is influenced by an eccentric load due to the large earthquake load, the damper is prevented from being damaged by integral torsional deformation through local torsional deformation of the bending shear rod between the slotted slots on the vertical wave steel plate, the stability of connection between the damper and the main body structure is ensured, and the aim of damping and energy consumption is fulfilled. In conclusion, the damper has large deformation capacity and good plastic energy consumption capacity, can consume energy in multiple directions in multiple forms, and can play a good role in damping the vibration of a structure under small vibration, wind vibration, medium vibration and large vibration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (exploded view) of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate stepped energy-consuming damper with viscoelastic material of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plate stepped energy dissipation damper with viscoelastic material.
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of an orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate stepped energy dissipation damper with viscoelastic material of the present invention.
Fig. 4(a) is a schematic view (exploded view) of the energy dissipating friction end plate structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4(b) is a schematic bottom view of the dissipative friction tip plate according to the invention.
Fig. 5(a) is a schematic view of a vertical wave steel plate in the orthogonal wave slotted steel plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 5(b) is a schematic view of a transverse wave steel plate in the orthogonal wave slotted steel plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 5(c) is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate after the vertical wave steel plate and the transverse wave steel plate are connected.
Fig. 6(a) is a schematic structural diagram of the energy dissipating connector of the present invention.
Fig. 6(b) is a plan view of fig. 6 (a).
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the local shear deformation and structure of the trapezoidal viscoelastic material and the energy-consuming connecting member according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate grading energy dissipation damper with viscoelastic material applied to the connecting beam between two shear walls.
FIG. 9 is a force-displacement graph obtained by finite element modeling in the embodiment of FIG. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the application of the orthogonal-waveform slotted steel plate graded energy-dissipation damper with viscoelastic material to the toe of a shear wall.
FIG. 11 is a force-displacement graph obtained by finite element modeling in the embodiment of FIG. 10.
In the figure: the damper comprises a support 1 connecting end plate, 1-1 connecting bolt holes, 1-2 limiting blocks, 2 corrugated clamping grooves, 2-1 corrugated clamping groove upper end plate, 2-2 corrugated clamping groove lower end plate, 2-3 vertical wave embedded clamping grooves, 2-4 transverse wave outer wrapping bolt holes, 3 vertical wave steel plates, 3-1 vertical wave connecting bolt holes, 3-2 vertical wave vertical slits, 4 high-strength bolts, 5 viscoelastic materials, 5-1 concave-convex viscoelastic materials, 5-2 trapezoidal viscoelastic materials, 6 transverse wave steel plates, 6-1 transverse wave connecting bolt holes, 6-2 transverse wave horizontal slits, 7 energy dissipation connecting pieces, 7-1 energy dissipation connecting plates, 7-2 energy dissipation buckles, 8 vertical supporting plates, 9 shear walls, 10 floor slabs, 11 connecting beams and 12 orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate dampers with viscoelastic materials.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only for the purpose of understanding and reading the disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims and the appended claims.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate grading energy consumption damper with viscoelastic materials comprises an energy consumption friction end plate, an orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate, an energy consumption connecting piece 7 and a vertical supporting plate 8, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the vertical supporting plate 8 are both connected with the energy consumption friction end plate, the vertical supporting plate 8 is connected with the energy consumption friction end plate, the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate is arranged on each of two sides of the vertical supporting plate 8, the upper end and the lower end of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate are respectively connected with the energy consumption friction end plates on the upper end and the lower end of the vertical supporting plate 8, the viscoelastic materials 5 are filled in the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate, and the vertical supporting plate 8 is connected with the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate through the energy consumption connecting piece 7.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3 and fig. 4(a), the energy consumption friction end plate includes a support connection end plate 1, a corrugated clamping groove 2, and a concave-convex viscoelastic material 5-1 filled between the support connection end plate 1 and the corrugated clamping groove 2, the support connection end plate 1 and the corrugated clamping groove 2 are provided with a limiting block 1-2 embedded in a groove on the concave-convex viscoelastic material 5-1, and the corrugated clamping groove 2 is welded to an end of a vertical support plate 8.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 4(a), the cross section of the concavo-convex viscoelastic material 5-1 is a tooth-like structure, and the longitudinal direction of the tooth-like structure is perpendicular to the vertical support plate 8.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, 5(a) to 5(c), the orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plate includes a vertical wave steel plate 3 vertically slotted, a horizontal wave steel plate 6 horizontally slotted, and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2, wherein upper and lower ends of the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the horizontal wave steel plate 6 are respectively connected to energy dissipation friction end plates at upper and lower ends of a vertical support plate 8, the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the horizontal wave steel plate 6 are connected by a high-strength bolt 4, the trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2 is disposed in a trapezoidal groove of the horizontal wave steel plate 6, and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2 is integrally connected to a ridge and a trough of the horizontal wave steel plate 6.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 5(a) -5 (c), the edge of the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the edge of the transverse wave steel plate 6 are connected by high-strength bolts 4, the transverse wave steel plate 6 is provided with a seam along the horizontal direction on the wave trough, and the vertical wave steel plate 3 is provided with a seam along the vertical direction on the wave crest.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 1-3 and 4(a), a corrugated clamping groove lower end plate 2-2 is arranged on the energy dissipation friction end plate facing to a vertical wave steel plate 3 and a transverse wave steel plate 6, a vertical wave embedded clamping groove 2-3 for embedding the end part of the vertical wave steel plate 3 is arranged on the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate 2-2, the vertical wave steel plate 3 is welded with the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate 2-2 at the vertical wave embedded clamping groove 2-3, the edge of the transverse wave steel plate 6 extends to the side surface of the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate 2-2, and the vertical wave steel plate 3, the transverse wave steel plate 6 and the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate 2-2 are connected into an integral structure through bolts.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 6(a), fig. 6(b) and fig. 7, the energy consumption connecting piece 7 includes an energy consumption buckle 7-2 and an energy consumption connecting plate 7-1, the energy consumption buckle 7-2 is a U-shaped structure, the vertical supporting plate 8 extends into a U-shaped inner cavity of the energy consumption buckle 7-2, the outer surfaces of two wing edges of the energy consumption buckle 7-2 are vertically connected with the energy consumption connecting plate 7-1, the energy consumption connecting plate 7-1 is arranged along the length direction of the wing edge of the energy consumption buckle 7-2, the energy consumption connecting plate 7-1 extends into and penetrates through the trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2 from a horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate 6, and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2 is provided with a long groove for the energy consumption connecting plate 7-1 to pass through.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the slit width of the vertical wave steel plate 3 is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the vertical wave steel plate 3, and the slit width of the shear wave steel plate 6 is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the shear wave steel plate 6.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the transverse wave steel plate 6 is 2mm to 8mm, and the wave angle is 30 DEG to 60 deg.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4(a), a through hole for a bolt to pass through is formed in the energy consumption friction end plate in the direction of the rear bucket.
Examples
The orthogonal-waveform slotted steel plate grading energy dissipation damper with the viscoelastic material comprises a support connecting end plate 1, a corrugated clamping groove 2, a vertical-wave steel plate 3 vertically slotted, a viscoelastic material 5, a horizontal-slotted transverse-wave steel plate 6, an energy dissipation connecting piece 7 and a vertical supporting plate 8. Viscoelastic materials 5 are filled between the staggered limit blocks of the support connecting end plate 1 and the corrugated clamping groove upper end plate 2-1, and the support connecting end plate and the corrugated clamping groove upper end plate are connected into a whole in a high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization mode. The vertically slotted vertical wave steel plate 3 and the horizontally slotted transverse wave steel plate 6 are orthogonally connected by bolts, and a viscoelastic material is filled inside. The middle part of the damper is provided with a vertical supporting plate 8 which is connected with an energy consumption connecting piece 7 through a bolt to form a fishbone-shaped structure. The support connecting end plate 1, the viscoelastic material 5 and the corrugated clamping groove upper end plate 2-1 are provided with through holes, and the studs penetrate through the through holes to be connected with the main body structure. The vertical wave steel plate 3 with the vertical slots and the transverse wave steel plate 6 with the horizontal slots are orthogonally connected through bolts, viscoelastic materials are filled in orthogonal corrugations, and the viscoelastic materials and the inner sides of wave troughs of the transverse wave steel plate are connected into a whole through a high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization method. The middle part of the damper is provided with a vertical supporting plate 8 which is connected with an energy consumption connecting piece 7 through a bolt to form a fishbone-shaped structure. The energy consumption connecting piece 7 penetrates through a horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate 6 to be connected with a viscoelastic material, and the viscoelastic material is connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the end part of the energy consumption connecting piece through a high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization method. And simultaneously, bolt holes are formed in the upper connecting section and the lower connecting section of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate along the vertical wave trough. The bottom surface of the corrugated clamping groove 2 is provided with a clamping groove which is the same as the section size of the vertical wave steel plate 3 in the horizontal direction, and a bolt hole is formed in the side surface of the corrugated clamping groove along the wave trough of the vertical wave steel plate 3. The vertical wave steel plate 3 is placed in the clamping groove, and the transverse wave steel plate 6 is connected to the side face of the corrugated clamping groove through a high-strength bolt. And (3) slotting in the direction perpendicular to the corrugation in the wave troughs of the vertical wave steel plate and the transverse wave steel plate, and orthogonally connecting the vertical wave steel plate and the transverse wave steel plate to form an orthogonal slotted similar grid structure. The friction energy dissipation end plate is formed by combining a support connecting end plate 1 and a corrugated clamping groove upper end plate 2-1 through filling viscoelastic materials between limiting blocks. Specifically, the surface of the support connecting end plate 1 opposite to the surface of the corrugated clamping groove 2 is welded with the limiting blocks 1-2, the limiting blocks 1-2 on the support connecting end plate 1 and the limiting blocks 1-2 on the corrugated clamping groove 2 enable the surfaces of the support connecting end plate 1 and the corrugated clamping groove 2 to be in a tooth-shaped structure, the limiting blocks 1-2 on the support connecting end plate 1 and the limiting blocks 1-2 on the corrugated clamping groove 2 are arranged in a staggered mode, a tooth-shaped wavy space is formed between the support connecting end plate 1 and the corrugated clamping groove 2, and concave-convex viscoelastic materials 5-1 are filled in the space. The mode and the number of the holes of the support connecting end plate are determined according to specific application positions and working conditions, and the hole positions are kept at the position of the limiting block as much as possible.
The orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate comprises a vertical wave steel plate 3 vertically slotted and a transverse wave steel plate 6 horizontally slotted which are orthogonally connected through bolts, and a viscoelastic material is filled in a cavity between the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the transverse wave steel plate 6; the orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plate is inserted into a vertical wave embedded clamping groove 2-3 on the lower end plate 2-2 of the corrugated clamping groove through a vertical wave steel plate 3, and a transverse wave steel plate 6 is provided with a hole on the side surface of the lower end plate 2-2 of the corrugated clamping groove and is connected with the side surface of the lower end plate 2-2 of the corrugated clamping groove through a bolt. The width of the slots on the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the transverse wave steel plate 6 is 2/3-1/3 of the wave trough of the vertical wave steel plate 3 and the transverse wave steel plate 6. The vertical wave steel plate 3 and the transverse wave steel plate 6 are provided with holes at four sides, and the distance between the holes is one wavelength. The vertical wave steel plate 3-opening vertical seam mechanism has 3 functions: (1) in order to enlarge the application range of the damper and be suitable for different parts of different structures, the rigidity of the vertical wave steel plate needs to be reduced to a certain extent by forming seams with different sizes on the vertical wave steel plate so as to meet the requirements of different rigidities. (2) After the vertical wave steel plate 3 is provided with the vertical seam, the vertical wave steel plate 3 is changed from the original working mechanism mainly based on integral shearing deformation into the working mechanism mainly based on bending shear rod bending shear deformation between seams, the ductility is better, and plastic hinges can be formed at the end parts through bending shear deformation to dissipate energy. (3) Because the vertical wave steel plate 3 is slotted at the trough position, the bending shear rods between the slots still keep the wave shape, when the damper generates inevitable out-of-plane torsion in an earthquake, the oblique wave band ridge part can realize partial torsional deformation to dissipate energy while the damper does not generate torsion integrally, the energy can be dissipated through torsion while the damper is protected, and compared with the traditional shearing and pulling-pressing type damper, the vertical wave steel plate 3 has more comprehensive stress form and wider applicability. The support connecting end plate 1, the corrugated clamping groove 2 and the vertical supporting plate are made of Q235 steel, and the corrugated steel plate and the energy-consuming connecting piece are made of mild steel with low yield point. The thickness of the corrugated steel plate is between 2mm and 8mm, and the wave angle is between 30 and 60 degrees. The trapezoidal viscoelastic material filled in the orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plate needs to be connected with the inner surfaces of the wave ridges and the wave troughs of the transverse wave steel plate into a whole in a high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization mode. The energy-consuming connecting piece penetrates through the horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate to be connected with the trapezoidal viscoelastic material, the energy-consuming connecting piece is located in the horizontal seam, certain displacement spaces are reserved at two ends of the energy-consuming connecting piece, and the energy-consuming connecting piece is guaranteed to drive the viscoelastic material to shear and dissipate energy in a horizontal sliding state. The vertical supporting plate and the energy-consumption connecting piece are connected through the bolts to form a fishbone-shaped structure, and connected with the trapezoidal viscoelastic material, the shear force and deformation can be transmitted in any direction, and the multi-direction energy consumption is guaranteed. The thickness of the support end plate is between 4mm and 10mm, and the thickness of the energy consumption connecting piece is between 3mm and 6 mm. The energy dissipation connecting pieces are symmetrically arranged along the direction of the vertical supporting plate, and the number of the energy dissipation connecting pieces depends on the number of the slots of the transverse wave steel plate.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4(a) and 4(b), the energy consumption friction end plate is composed of a support, an end plate 1 and a corrugated clamping groove 2, and a concave-convex viscoelastic material 5-1 is filled between the two. The support is connected with the connecting bolt hole 1-1 on the end plate, and the limited block 1-2 is welded. The lower end plate 2-2 of the corrugated clamping groove is provided with a vertical wave embedded clamping groove 2-3 and a lateral wave external bolt hole 2-4. The end plate is connected with the viscoelastic material through the support under small displacement, and the friction energy consumption is reduced. As shown in fig. 5(a) to 5(c), the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate is orthogonally connected by the vertical wave steel plate 3 vertically slotted and the horizontal wave steel plate 6 horizontally slotted through the high-strength bolt 4. And the inside is filled with a trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2, and the viscoelastic material is connected with the wave ridges and the wave troughs of the transverse wave steel plate 6 into a whole in a high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization mode. The vertical wave steel plate 3 of the orthogonal wave slotted steel plate is inserted into the vertical wave embedded clamping grooves 2-3, the outer package of the transverse wave steel plate 6 is connected with the side faces of the corrugated clamping grooves 2, and the orthogonal wave slotted steel plate and the friction energy consumption end plate are connected into a whole through bolts. Prevent the steel plate from buckling in advance in the energy consumption process, and enlarge the energy consumption capability of the structure. As shown in fig. 6(a), 6(b) and 7, the fishbone structure is formed by connecting energy dissipation connecting pieces 7 and vertical supporting plates 8 through bolts. The energy dissipation connecting piece 7 penetrates through the horizontal seam 6-2 of the transverse wave steel plate and is connected with the trapezoidal viscoelastic material 5-2 inside the energy dissipation connecting piece. And when the vertical load is borne, the energy-consuming connecting piece and the viscoelastic material consume energy through shearing of the horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the middle of the two shear walls 9 is connected with a coupling beam 11, the upper part of the coupling beam 11 is provided with a floor slab 10, a damper 12 is embedded in the middle of the coupling beam 11, and the damper 12 is a friction-shear type composite damper. The force-displacement curve obtained by the finite element is shown in figure 9, the force is obviously increased along with the displacement, the quasi-linear hysteretic damping characteristic is obvious, the hysteretic curve is full, and the energy consumption effect of the damper is good.
As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the damper of the present invention is disposed on the toe of the shear wall 9. During construction, a damper installation cavity is reserved in the bottom area of the shear wall 9, the damper installation cavity is installed in the damper installation cavity, and the position of the damper installation cavity is determined according to the energy of earthquake action and the plastic area which is easy to damage at the toe of the shear wall under the earthquake action. The force-displacement curve obtained by the finite element is shown in fig. 11, the force is obviously increased along with the displacement, the quasi-linear hysteresis damping characteristic is obvious, the hysteresis curve is full, and the energy consumption effect of the damper is good.
From the above, the damper has large deformation capacity and good plastic energy consumption capacity, can consume energy in multiple forms in multiple directions, and has wide applicability. Meanwhile, the energy consumption is graded, so that the energy can be effectively consumed under the condition that the vibration displacement is increased, the vibration of a building is weakened, and the severity of an accident is reduced. The damper is simple in structure, convenient to process, low in manufacturing cost, high in cost performance, small in size and convenient to install, can be flexibly installed at a structural damage control concentrated position according to needs, adapts to vibration in any direction, and is clear in energy consumption mechanism. The invention combines the viscoelastic material and the corrugated steel plate, the vertical support plate bears large and whole vertical load and overturning bending moment, and the viscoelastic material and the corrugated steel plate bear whole lateral force. The connecting support plate is connected with the viscoelastic material through the limiting block, and the viscoelastic material rubs and consumes energy in a zigzag structure formed by the limiting block to resist small shock or wind shock (the first stage), so that the fatigue performance is good. Under the action of a medium-seismic load, the support is connected with the viscoelastic material in the end plate to achieve the limit displacement limited by the limiting blocks, the limiting blocks in the upper plate and the lower plate clamp the viscoelastic material and prevent the viscoelastic material from displacing, the load is transmitted to the energy-consuming connecting piece through the vertical supporting plate, and the energy-consuming connecting piece and the viscoelastic material in the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate consume energy through multi-directional deformation (the second stage). When the damper is subjected to an x-direction seismic load, one side of the viscoelastic material positioned on the two sides of the vertical supporting plate is pulled to deform, and the other side of the viscoelastic material is pressed to deform to consume energy; when the damper is subjected to seismic load in the y direction, the whole viscoelastic material is subjected to shear deformation in the y direction to consume energy; when the damper is subjected to z-direction seismic load, one side of the viscoelastic material on the upper side and the lower side of the energy-consuming connecting piece is pulled to deform, and the other side of the viscoelastic material on the upper side and the lower side of the energy-consuming connecting piece is pressed to deform to consume energy. After the energy consumption connecting piece reaches the maximum displacement value under the heavy earthquake load, the lateral force is transmitted to the transverse orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate through the corrugated clamping groove, the earthquake energy is consumed through the elastic-plastic deformation of the corrugated steel plate (the third stage), when the damper is subjected to the eccentric load due to the influence of the heavy earthquake load, the damper is prevented from being damaged by the integral torsional deformation through the local torsional deformation of the slotted shear rod between the slots on the vertical wave steel plate, the stability of the connection of the damper and the main structure is ensured, and the aim of damping and energy consumption is fulfilled. The invention can play a good role in damping the vibration of the structure under small vibration, wind vibration, medium vibration and large vibration. The damper has the characteristic of changing the overall damping performance of the shock absorber through simple disassembly and assembly, and can easily meet the damping performance required by different types and different earthquake-proof fortification building structures under different working conditions in the structural design based on the performance.
In the design process of the damper, according to different target displacement requirements of the structure under earthquakes with different fortification levels, the relative deformation of the damper under different fortification levels is calculated according to the target displacement requirements of the structure, and then the sizes of the corrugated steel plate and the viscoelastic material are determined through finite element simulation and experiments.
After the implementation process is completed, the following characteristics of the invention can be embodied: the invention can be used in a high-rise concrete frame shear structure, can realize the function of graded yield energy consumption under different earthquake fortification levels, protects the safety of a main body structure, and is easy to repair and replace after damage.
Claims (4)
1. The graded energy consumption damper with the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates made of the viscoelastic materials is characterized by comprising energy consumption friction end plates, orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates, energy consumption connecting pieces (7) and vertical supporting plates (8), wherein the upper end and the lower end of each vertical supporting plate (8) are connected with the energy consumption friction end plates, each vertical supporting plate (8) is connected with the energy consumption friction end plates, the two sides of each vertical supporting plate (8) are respectively provided with the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates, the upper ends and the lower ends of the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates are respectively connected with the energy consumption friction end plates at the upper ends and the lower ends of the vertical supporting plates (8), the viscoelastic materials (5) are filled in the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates, and the vertical supporting plates (8) are connected with the orthogonal waveform slotted steel plates through the energy consumption connecting pieces (7);
the energy-consumption friction end plate comprises a support connecting end plate (1), a corrugated clamping groove (2) and a concave-convex viscoelastic material (5-1) filled between the support connecting end plate (1) and the corrugated clamping groove (2), limiting blocks (1-2) embedded into grooves in the concave-convex viscoelastic material (5-1) are arranged on the support connecting end plate (1) and the corrugated clamping groove (2), and the corrugated clamping groove (2) is welded with the end part of the vertical supporting plate (8);
the section of the concave-convex viscoelastic material (5-1) is of a tooth-shaped structure, and the length direction of the tooth-shaped structure is vertical to the vertical supporting plate (8);
the orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plate comprises a vertical wave steel plate (3) vertically slotted, a transverse wave steel plate (6) horizontally slotted and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material (5-2), the upper end and the lower end of the vertical wave steel plate (3) and the upper end and the lower end of the transverse wave steel plate (6) are respectively connected with energy consumption friction end plates at the upper end and the lower end of a vertical supporting plate (8), the vertical wave steel plate (3) and the transverse wave steel plate (6) are connected through a high-strength bolt (4), the trapezoidal viscoelastic material (5-2) is arranged in a trapezoidal groove of the transverse wave steel plate (6), and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material (5-2) and a wave ridge and a wave trough of the transverse wave steel plate (6) are connected into a whole;
the edge of the vertical wave steel plate (3) is connected with the edge of the transverse wave steel plate (6) through a high-strength bolt (4), the transverse wave steel plate (6) is provided with a seam on the wave trough along the horizontal direction, and the vertical wave steel plate (3) is provided with a seam on the wave crest along the vertical length direction;
one side of the energy dissipation friction end plate, which faces the vertical wave steel plate (3) and the transverse wave steel plate (6), is provided with a corrugated clamping groove lower end plate (2-2), the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate (2-2) is provided with a vertical wave embedded clamping groove (2-3) for embedding the end part of the vertical wave steel plate (3), the edge of the transverse wave steel plate (6) extends to the side face of the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate (2-2), and the vertical wave steel plate (3), the transverse wave steel plate (6) and the corrugated clamping groove lower end plate (2-2) are connected into a whole through bolts;
the energy consumption connecting piece (7) comprises an energy consumption buckle (7-2) and an energy consumption connecting plate (7-1), the energy consumption buckle (7-2) is of a U-shaped structure, a vertical supporting plate (8) extends into a U-shaped inner cavity of the energy consumption buckle (7-2), the outer surfaces of two wing edges of the energy consumption buckle (7-2) are vertically connected with the energy consumption connecting plate (7-1), the energy consumption connecting plate (7-1) is arranged along the length direction of the wing edge of the energy consumption buckle (7-2), the energy consumption connecting plate (7-1) extends into and penetrates through a trapezoidal viscoelastic material (5-2) from a horizontal seam of a transverse wave steel plate (6), and a long groove for the energy consumption connecting plate (7-1) to penetrate through is formed in the trapezoidal viscoelastic material (5-2);
the vertical wave steel plate (3) with the vertical slots and the transverse wave steel plate (6) with the horizontal slots are orthogonally connected through bolts;
the energy-consuming connecting piece (7) penetrates through a horizontal seam of the transverse wave steel plate (6) and is connected with the viscoelastic material;
bolt holes are formed in the side faces of the corrugated clamping grooves along the wave troughs of the vertical wave steel plates (3);
the vertical wave steel plate (3) is arranged in the clamping groove, and the transverse wave steel plate (6) is connected to the side face of the corrugated clamping groove through a high-strength bolt.
2. The step dissipative damper of orthogonal waveform slotted steel plate with viscoelastic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slot width of the vertical wave steel plate (3) is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the vertical wave steel plate (3), and the slot width of the transverse wave steel plate (6) is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the trough of the transverse wave steel plate (6).
3. The graded energy dissipation damper with orthogonal wave-shaped slotted steel plates and viscoelastic materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the thicknesses of the vertical wave steel plates (3) and the transverse wave steel plates (6) are 2mm-8mm, and the wave angle is 30-60 degrees.
4. The graded energy dissipation damper with the orthogonal-wave-shaped slotted steel plate made of the viscoelastic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein a through hole for a bolt to pass through is formed in the energy dissipation friction end plate in the direction of the rear bucket of the energy dissipation friction end plate.
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