CN112410844A - Corrosion-resistant treatment process for aluminum alloy part - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant treatment process for aluminum alloy part Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410844A CN112410844A CN202011427741.XA CN202011427741A CN112410844A CN 112410844 A CN112410844 A CN 112410844A CN 202011427741 A CN202011427741 A CN 202011427741A CN 112410844 A CN112410844 A CN 112410844A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant treatment process of an aluminum alloy part; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out acid washing and water washing on an aluminum alloy material in sequence to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy; carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, preserving heat for 40-50min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy; placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy; washing the electrolytic aluminum alloy for the second time, and then drying to constant weight; the corrosion resistance of the surface of the aluminum alloy material treated by the process is greatly improved, and the corrosion resistance of the protective film can be obviously improved by introducing cerium nitrate and borax into the electrolyte according to a certain mass ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant treatment process for an aluminum alloy part.
Background
An alloy based on aluminum with a certain amount of other alloying elements added is one of light metal materials. In addition to the general characteristics of aluminum, aluminum alloys have certain alloy specific characteristics due to the variety and amount of alloying elements added. The aluminum alloy has the density of 2.63-2.85 g/cm, higher strength (sigma b of 110-650 MPa), specific strength close to that of high alloy steel, specific stiffness higher than that of steel, good casting performance and plastic processing performance, good electric conductivity and heat conductivity, good corrosion resistance and weldability, can be used as a structural material, and has wide application in aerospace, aviation, transportation, construction, electromechanics, lightening and daily necessities.
However, when an aluminum alloy part is used in a complex working environment, for example, in seawater, surface corrosion of the aluminum alloy part gradually occurs, and as the corrosion gradually increases, the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy part are finally greatly reduced, and the aluminum alloy part cannot be used continuously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corrosion-resistant treatment process for an aluminum alloy part, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an aluminum alloy part corrosion-resistant treatment process comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out acid pickling and water washing on an aluminum alloy material to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy;
carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, preserving heat for 40-50min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy;
placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy;
and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight.
The acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5-6%.
The pickling time is 20-25min, and the pickling temperature is 72-75 ℃.
The water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 15-20 min.
The constant temperature of the constant-temperature pressing treatment is 420-460 ℃;
the constant temperature pressing pressure is 15-18 MPa.
The water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃.
The electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 2-3 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.022-0.025 part of cerium nitrate, 1.4-1.8 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water.
The weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1.
The electrolytic current is 3.2-3.6A; the electrolysis time is 36-42 min.
The secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
The aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components:
1.12% of magnesium, 0.25% of zinc, 0.68% of iron, 0.16% of manganese, 0.21% of chromium, 0.14% of titanium, 0.32% of copper, 0.52% of silicon and the balance of aluminum.
Has the advantages that:
the surface hardness of the treated aluminum alloy material prepared by the method is greatly improved, a layer of compact protective film can be formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material by the process, the hardness of the surface of the protective film can be greatly improved through complex chemical composition, and further, the surface wear resistance and the durability of the aluminum alloy material can be obviously improved, and the application range of the aluminum alloy material is expanded; the corrosion resistance of the surface of the aluminum alloy material treated by the process is greatly improved, and the corrosion resistance of the protective film can be obviously improved by introducing cerium nitrate and borax into the electrolyte according to a certain mass ratio.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a sample after a corrosion resistance test of example 3;
fig. 2 is an SEM image of a sample after the corrosion resistance test of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
An aluminum alloy part corrosion-resistant treatment process comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out acid pickling and water washing on an aluminum alloy material to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy;
carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, preserving heat for 40-50min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy;
placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy;
and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight.
The acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5-6%.
The pickling time is 20-25min, and the pickling temperature is 72-75 ℃.
The water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 15-20 min.
The constant temperature of the constant-temperature pressing treatment is 420-460 ℃;
the constant temperature pressing pressure is 15-18 MPa.
The water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃.
The electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 2-3 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.022-0.025 part of cerium nitrate, 1.4-1.8 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water.
The weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1.
The electrolytic current is 3.2-3.6A; the electrolysis time is 36-42 min.
The secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An aluminum alloy part corrosion-resistant treatment process comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out acid pickling and water washing on an aluminum alloy material to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy; carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, preserving heat for 40min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy; placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy; and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight. The acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5 percent. The pickling time is 20min, and the pickling temperature is 72 ℃. The water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 15 min. The constant temperature of the constant temperature pressing treatment is 420 ℃; the constant temperature pressing pressure is 15 MPa. The water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃. The electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of sulfuric acid, 2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.022 part of cerium nitrate, 1.4 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water. The weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1. The electrolytic current is 3.2A; the electrolysis time was 36 min. The secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Example 2
An aluminum alloy part corrosion-resistant treatment process comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out acid pickling and water washing on an aluminum alloy material to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy; carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, keeping the temperature for 50min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy; placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy; and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight. The acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 6 percent. The pickling time is 25min, and the pickling temperature is 75 ℃. The water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 20 min. The constant temperature of the constant temperature pressing treatment is 460 ℃; the constant temperature pressing pressure is 18 MPa. The water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃. The electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of sulfuric acid, 3 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.025 part of cerium nitrate, 1.8 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water. The weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1. The electrolytic current is 3.6A; the electrolysis time was 42 min. The secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Example 3
An aluminum alloy part corrosion-resistant treatment process comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out acid pickling and water washing on an aluminum alloy material to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy; carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, keeping the temperature for 42min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy; placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy; and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight. The acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5.3%. The pickling time is 22min, and the pickling temperature is 73 ℃. The water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 18 min. The constant temperature of the constant temperature pressing treatment is 435 ℃; the constant temperature pressing pressure is 16 MPa. The water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃. The electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 12.8 parts of sulfuric acid, 2.6 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.023 part of cerium nitrate, 1.5 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water. The weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1. The electrolytic current is 3.4A; the electrolysis time was 39 min. The secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Test of
A Vickers hardness tester is adopted to measure a plurality of points on different positions of the surfaces of the samples of the examples and the comparative examples in sequence, and the hardness of the hard anodic oxidation layer prepared by taking the average value is shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1
| Hardness HV | |
| Example 1 | 593.5 |
| Example 2 | 592.8 |
| Example 3 | 595.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 498.3 |
| Blank control group | 102.5 |
Comparative example 1: compared with the embodiment 3, the electrolyte only adopts the sulfuric acid solution, and the mass fraction is unchanged;
blank control group: an untreated aluminum alloy;
as can be seen from Table 1, the surface hardness of the treated aluminum alloy material prepared by the method is greatly improved, a layer of compact protective film can be formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material by the process, the hardness of the surface of the protective film can be greatly improved through complex chemical composition, and further, the surface wear resistance and durability of the aluminum alloy material can be remarkably improved, and the application range of the aluminum alloy material is expanded.
Corrosion resistance:
soaking the samples of the examples and the comparative examples in a sodium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and comparing:
TABLE 2
| Soaking for 280h | |
| Example 1 | No corrosion occurred |
| Example 2 | No corrosion occurred |
| Example 3 | No corrosion occurred |
| Comparative example 2 | Occurrence of pitting corrosion pits |
Comparative example 2: the difference from the embodiment 3 is that cerium nitrate and borax are not added into the electrolyte;
as can be seen from Table 2, the corrosion resistance of the surface of the aluminum alloy material treated by the process is greatly improved, and the corrosion resistance of the protective film can be remarkably improved by introducing cerium nitrate and borax into the electrolyte according to a certain mass ratio.
The samples of example 3 and comparative example 2 were compared by scanning with an electron microscope:
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a sample after a corrosion resistance test of example 3;
fig. 2 is an SEM image of a sample after the corrosion resistance test of comparative example 2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminum alloy piece corrosion-resistant treatment process is characterized in that an aluminum alloy material is subjected to acid washing and water washing in sequence to obtain a cleaned aluminum alloy;
carrying out constant-temperature pressing treatment on the cleaned aluminum alloy, preserving heat for 40-50min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment to obtain a pressed aluminum alloy;
placing the pressed aluminum alloy in electrolyte for electrolytic treatment to obtain electrolytic treatment aluminum alloy;
and (4) carrying out secondary washing on the electrolytic aluminum alloy, and then drying to constant weight.
2. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the acid washing is acid washing treatment by adopting a sulfuric acid solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5-6%.
3. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for an aluminum alloy member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pickling time is 20-25min, and the pickling temperature is 72-75 ℃.
4. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the water washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the water washing time is 15-20 min.
5. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the constant temperature of the constant-temperature pressing treatment is 420-460 ℃;
the constant temperature pressing pressure is 15-18 MPa.
6. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the water quenching treatment water temperature is 22 ℃.
7. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 2-3 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.022-0.025 part of cerium nitrate, 1.4-1.8 parts of borax and 100 parts of deionized water.
8. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 7, wherein: the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the phosphoric acid is 5: 1.
9. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolytic current is 3.2-3.6A; the electrolysis time is 36-42 min.
10. The corrosion-resistant treatment process for the aluminum alloy part according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary washing temperature is 55 ℃, the washing time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011427741.XA CN112410844A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Corrosion-resistant treatment process for aluminum alloy part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011427741.XA CN112410844A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Corrosion-resistant treatment process for aluminum alloy part |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |