CN112410718A - Preparation method of insulating coating for bearing - Google Patents
Preparation method of insulating coating for bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410718A CN112410718A CN202011008142.4A CN202011008142A CN112410718A CN 112410718 A CN112410718 A CN 112410718A CN 202011008142 A CN202011008142 A CN 202011008142A CN 112410718 A CN112410718 A CN 112410718A
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- insulating coating
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical group [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004843 novolac epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/34—Filling pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing, which comprises the following steps of: cleaning and drying the base material by using a cleaning agent; pretreatment of the surface of a base material: roughening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material; insulating layer spraying: spraying the insulating powder to the outer surface of the pretreated base material within 2 hours by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method, and obtaining a sprayed base material after the spraying is finished; sealing the hole of the insulating layer: and (3) coating the hole sealing agent on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, and standing until the hole sealing agent is dried after coating is finished to obtain a finished product. In the invention, the surface of the base material is roughened and activated before the insulating layer is sprayed, so that the bonding force between the insulating layer and the base material is higher. After the insulating layer is sprayed, hole sealing treatment is carried out by using a hole sealing agent, so that the reduction of the electric insulation effect of the coating is avoided to the greatest extent. The insulating powder of the invention adds a certain amount of high-purity titanium oxide into high-purity alumina, and the thickness of the coating can be increased to 0.70 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surface treatment of functional coatings, in particular to a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing.
Background
When the bearing is applied to a motor, a generator and other electric appliances and equipment through which shaft current passes, induced current can generate an electric corrosion effect on the bearing, and the specific failure mechanism is that the bearing lubricating grease, a rolling body and a roller path are damaged by the discharge effect when the current passes through the bearing, so that defects of local small pits and the like are formed. These defects exacerbate bearing wear and reduce equipment operation and maintenance cycles, thereby greatly increasing costs and waste.
The thermal spraying technology as a special process is widely applied to a plurality of high-end manufacturing industries to prolong the service life of wear resistance and corrosion resistance of parts and endow special performances such as lubrication, heat insulation, oxidation resistance and the like. The main process is that the coating material is heated, melted and atomized into superfine particles by high-energy beam plasma flame flow and high-speed gas flame flow, and the superfine particles are sprayed onto the surface of a workpiece at a high speed to form a coating without influencing the performance of a base material.
In China, some patents are applied in the aspect of insulating coating preparation, for example, Chinese patent CN 108715989A, a preparation method of a plasma spraying insulating coating, wherein a plasma spraying process is adopted to prepare a nickel-based transition layer firstly, and then aluminum oxide is sprayed to prepare the insulating coating, the insulating property can reach 8G omega, the breakdown voltage can reach 5000V, but the stability of the insulating property along with the change of the environment needs to be verified. The invention only explains that the insulating coating with the porosity of less than 1 percent can be prepared, the reduction of the porosity can limit the prepared thickness of the insulating coating and reduce the bonding force between the insulating coating and a base material, and the invention does not mention the specific insulating performance of the coating. The Chinese patent CN102021556A, "an insulating coating for traction motor bearings and a preparation method thereof", adopts a normal pressure plasma spraying technology to prepare a single-layer insulating coating with a thickness of only 0.25-0.40mm, an insulating resistance of the insulating coating is only 400-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing.
The novel point of the invention is that the surface of the base material is roughened and activated before the insulating layer is sprayed, the oxide layer on the surface is removed after activation, the insulating coating and the base material are combined in a mechanical combination mode after roughening, and the combination force of the insulating layer and the base material is higher. After the insulating layer is sprayed, hole sealing treatment is carried out by using a hole sealing agent, the hole sealing agent penetrates into the coating through fine gaps or pores between flat layered tissues in the coating and remains and fills the pores and the gaps, and the existence of the hole sealing agent in the coating enables extremely large isolated air, humid water vapor or other impurity foreign matters which are easy to conduct electricity to enter the coating, so that the reduction of the electric insulation effect of the coating is avoided to the greatest extent. The insulating powder of the invention adds a certain amount of high-purity titanium oxide into high-purity alumina, slightly sacrifices the electric insulating property of the coating to a certain extent but increases the toughness and impact resistance of the coating, and the thickness of the coating can be increased to 0.70 mm.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a base material: cleaning and drying the base material by using a cleaning agent;
(2) pretreatment of the surface of a base material: roughening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material;
(3) insulating layer spraying: spraying the insulating powder to the outer surface of the pretreated base material within 2 hours by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method, and obtaining a sprayed base material after the spraying is finished;
(4) sealing the hole of the insulating layer: and (3) coating the hole sealing agent on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, and standing until the hole sealing agent is dried after coating is finished to obtain a finished product.
Further, the insulating powder is high-purity alumina with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent.
Furthermore, the insulating powder also contains high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5%, and the mass fraction of the high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5% is 1-5% of the mass of the insulating powder. The addition of high purity titanium oxide somewhat sacrifices the electrical insulating properties of the coating but increases the toughness and impact resistance of the coating, and the thickness of the coating can be increased to 0.70 mm.
Further, the grain size of the high-purity alumina is 15-95 mu m, and the grain size of the high-purity titanium oxide is 15-100 mu m. The particle size within the range can ensure that the powder material of the insulating coating is effectively melted and coated on the base material in the plasma beam flame flow, and can also ensure that the stable and smooth barrel blockage is avoided in the process of feeding the powder into the spray gun through the carrier gas.
Further, the cleaning agent is alcohol or acetone, and the temperature during drying is 60-100 ℃.
Further, when the surface of the base material is pretreated, the surface of the cleaned base material is coarsened and activated in a sand blasting mode; the sand blowing pressure is 0.2-0.6 MPa during sand blasting, the sand blowing distance is 40-150 nm, and white corundum is adopted as sand. And after activation, an oxide layer on the surface is removed, and after coarsening, the insulating coating is combined with the base material in a mechanical combination mode, so that the combination force of the insulating layer and the base material is higher. The white corundum is adopted, so that the interface pollution of interface bonded sand can be effectively reduced, the sand blowing distance and the pressure range can be controlled to be more favorable for controlling the roughness required to be achieved on the sand blowing surface, and finally, a more optimized surface state is provided.
Further, when the atmosphere plasma spraying method is adopted for spraying, the surface temperature of the pretreated base material is enabled to be less than or equal to 120 ℃ while spraying and cooling, the cooling gas is compressed air during cooling, the cooling pressure is 0.3-0.7 MPa, and the cooling distance is 10-300 mm. The cooling pressure and the cooling temperature can effectively ensure the temperature control of the bearing in the spraying process.
Further, when the atmosphere plasma spraying method is adopted for spraying, argon is used as main gas, argon is used as carrier gas, hydrogen is used as auxiliary gas, and the control parameters are as follows: the spray gun current is 350-650A, the spray gun voltage is 55-80V, the auxiliary gas flow is 1-15L/min, the powder conveying amount of the insulating powder is 20-120 g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2.0-12.0L/min, the main gas flow is 30-80L/min, the main gas pressure is 0.6-1.0 MPa, the auxiliary gas pressure is 0.8-1.5 MPa, the spraying distance is 75-150 mm, and the spraying angle is 70-90 degrees. Argon is used as the main gas because ionized argon can generate more stable plasma arc. The auxiliary gas adopts hydrogen because the enthalpy value of the hydrogen is higher, which is more beneficial to providing energy for spraying.
The coating has uniform tissue under the parameters, and the coating has no obvious microcrack when observed under a metallographic microscope, so that the electrical insulation performance and the service life of the coating are finally improved.
Further, the hole sealing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of epoxy resin, 1-10 parts of curing agent and 30-80 parts of diluent.
Furthermore, the epoxy resin is phenolic aldehyde polyepoxy resin, the curing agent is butyl titanate, the diluent is acetone and xylene, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the xylene in the diluent is 1: 1. The epoxy resin has excellent physical mechanical and electrical insulation performance, and good adhesion performance and stability with various materials. Butyl titanate is often used as a modified adhesive and has the functions of adhering and coagulating other components in the hole sealing agent and quickly curing. Acetone and xylene are organic solvents and are used as diluents and dispersants, and the components can be effectively and uniformly dispersed in the hole sealing agent solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, before the insulating layer is sprayed, the surface of the base material is roughened and activated, the oxide layer on the surface is removed after activation, the insulating coating and the base material are combined in a mechanical combination mode after roughening, and the combination force of the insulating layer and the base material is higher.
2. According to the invention, after the insulating layer is sprayed, the hole sealing treatment is carried out by using the hole sealing agent, the hole sealing agent penetrates into the coating through fine gaps or pores between flat layered tissues in the coating and is remained and filled in the pores and the gaps, and the existence of the hole sealing agent in the coating enables extremely isolated air, moist steam or other impurity foreign matters easy to conduct electricity to enter the coating, so that the reduction of the electric insulation effect of the coating is avoided to the greatest extent.
3. The insulating powder of the invention adds a certain amount of high-purity titanium oxide into high-purity alumina, slightly sacrifices the electric insulating property of the coating to a certain extent but increases the toughness and impact resistance of the coating, and the thickness of the coating can be increased to 0.70 mm.
4. The invention uses the novolac polyepoxy resin, butyl titanate, acetone and xylene as raw materials of the hole sealing agent, and the epoxy resin has excellent physical mechanical and electrical insulating properties and good adhesive property and stability with various materials. Butyl titanate is often used as a modified adhesive and has the functions of adhering and coagulating other components in the hole sealing agent and quickly curing. Acetone and xylene are organic solvents and are used as diluents and dispersants, and the components can be effectively and uniformly dispersed in the hole sealing agent solution.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the metallographic structure of the insulating coating.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the temperature resistance test performance of the insulating coating.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing comprises the steps of cleaning a base material by using a cleaning agent, drying the base material, wherein the cleaning agent is alcohol, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃; coarsening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material, wherein the coarsening and activating treatment is carried out on the surface of the cleaned base material in a sand blasting manner during the pretreatment of the surface of the base material; when in sand blasting, the sand blowing pressure is 0.2MPa, the sand blowing distance is 40nm, and the sand adopts white corundum; adopting the atmosphere plasma spraying method to spray insulating powder to the surface of the pretreated substrate within 2 hours, wherein argon is the main gas, carrier gas is argon, hydrogen is the auxiliary gas, and the control parameters are as follows: the spraying method comprises the following steps that the current of a spraying gun is 350A, the voltage of the spraying gun is 55V, the auxiliary gas flow is 1L/min, the powder conveying amount of insulating powder is 20g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2.0L/min, the main gas flow is 30L/min, the main gas pressure is 0.6MPa, the auxiliary gas pressure is 0.8MPa, the spraying distance is 75mm, the spraying angle is 70 degrees, the insulating powder is high-purity alumina with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the insulating powder also contains high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the mass fraction of the high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent is 1 percent of the mass of the insulating powder, the particle size of the high-purity alumina is 15-95 mu m, and the particle size of the high-purity titanium oxide is 15-100 mu m, the surface temperature of a pretreated substrate is enabled to be less than or equal to 120 ℃ when the atmospheric plasma spraying is adopted; sealing the hole of the insulating layer: coating a sealant on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, wherein the sealant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 parts of epoxy resin, 1 part of curing agent and 30 parts of diluent, wherein the epoxy resin is novolac polyepoxy resin, the curing agent is butyl titanate, the diluent is acetone and xylene, the mass ratio of the acetone to the xylene in the diluent is 1:1, and the epoxy resin is placed and dried after being coated to obtain a finished product.
Example 2: a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing comprises the steps of cleaning a base material by using a cleaning agent, drying the base material, wherein the cleaning agent is acetone, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃; coarsening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material, wherein the coarsening and activating treatment is carried out on the surface of the cleaned base material in a sand blasting manner during the pretreatment of the surface of the base material; when in sand blasting, the sand blowing pressure is 0.4MPa, the sand blowing distance is 100nm, and the sand adopts white corundum; adopting the atmosphere plasma spraying method to spray insulating powder to the surface of the pretreated substrate within 2 hours, wherein argon is the main gas, carrier gas is argon, hydrogen is the auxiliary gas, and the control parameters are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of (1) 500A of spray gun current, 70V of spray gun voltage, 8L/min of auxiliary gas flow, 80g/min of powder delivery quantity of insulating powder, 7L/min of carrier gas flow, 50L/min of main gas flow, 0.8MPa of main gas pressure, 1.2MPa of auxiliary gas pressure, 110mm of spraying distance and 80 degrees of spraying angle, wherein the insulating powder is high-purity alumina with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the insulating powder also contains high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the mass fraction of the high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent is 3 percent of the mass of the insulating powder, the particle size of the high-purity alumina is 15-95 mu m, the particle size of the high-purity titanium oxide is 15-100 mu m, the surface temperature of a pretreated substrate is enabled to be less than or equal to 120 ℃ by spraying and cooling while adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method, the cooling gas during cooling is; sealing the hole of the insulating layer: coating a sealant on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, wherein the sealant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of curing agent and 50 parts of diluent, wherein the epoxy resin is novolac polyepoxy resin, the curing agent is butyl titanate, the diluent is acetone and xylene, the mass ratio of the acetone to the xylene in the diluent is 1:1, and the epoxy resin is placed and dried after being coated to obtain a finished product.
Example 3: a preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing comprises the steps of cleaning a base material by using a cleaning agent, drying the base material, wherein the cleaning agent is alcohol, and the drying temperature is 100 ℃; coarsening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material, wherein the coarsening and activating treatment is carried out on the surface of the cleaned base material in a sand blasting manner during the pretreatment of the surface of the base material; when in sand blasting, the sand blowing pressure is 0.6MPa, the sand blowing distance is 150nm, and the sand adopts white corundum; adopting the atmosphere plasma spraying method to spray insulating powder to the surface of the pretreated substrate within 2 hours, wherein argon is the main gas, carrier gas is argon, hydrogen is the auxiliary gas, and the control parameters are as follows: the spraying method comprises the following steps that the current of a spraying gun is 650A, the voltage of the spraying gun is 80V, the auxiliary gas flow is 15L/min, the powder conveying amount of insulating powder is 120g/min, the carrier gas flow is 12.0L/min, the main gas flow is 80L/min, the main gas pressure is 1.0MPa, the auxiliary gas pressure is 1.5MPa, the spraying distance is 150mm, the spraying angle is 90 degrees, the insulating powder is high-purity alumina with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the insulating powder also contains high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the mass fraction of the high-purity titanium oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent is 5 percent of the mass of the insulating powder, the particle size of the high-purity alumina is 15-95 mu m, and the particle size of the high-purity titanium oxide is 15-100 mu m, the surface temperature of a pretreated substrate is enabled to be less than or equal to 120 ℃ when the atmospheric plasma spraying method is; sealing the hole of the insulating layer: coating a sealant on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, wherein the sealant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of epoxy resin, 10 parts of curing agent and 80 parts of diluent, wherein the epoxy resin is novolac polyepoxy resin, the curing agent is butyl titanate, the diluent is acetone and xylene, the mass ratio of the acetone to the xylene in the diluent is 1:1, and the epoxy resin is placed and dried after being coated to obtain a finished product.
Product test results from example 1:
the electrical insulation performance tests of 5000V under the air humidity of 10-40%, 40-70% and 70-95% are respectively 150-.
The detection current value of the power frequency voltage characteristic under the 5000V alternating voltage is less than 20 mA.
The breakdown voltage of the AC breakdown tester for the insulation coating test is more than 7000V.
The temperature resistance test shows that the insulating property of the coating is stably maintained above 65G omega at the temperature of 100-150 ℃.
After the heat aging cycle of 20 times is carried out for 94 hours in total, the resistance of the coating is more than or equal to 60G omega when the coating is tested at 1000V voltage, and the bearing insulating layer is not cracked or damaged.
After 10 circulation damp-heat tests, the resistance of the coating is more than or equal to 60G omega when the coating is tested at 1000V, and the bearing insulating layer is free of cracks and damages.
These verifications show that the insulating coating of the invention has an extremely high resistance to weathering, since the insulating properties do not decrease significantly with changing use environments.
The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an insulating coating for a bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning a base material: cleaning and drying the base material by using a cleaning agent;
(2) pretreatment of the surface of a base material: roughening and activating the surface of the cleaned base material to obtain a pretreated base material;
(3) insulating layer spraying: spraying the insulating powder to the outer surface of the pretreated base material within 2 hours by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method, and obtaining a sprayed base material after the spraying is finished;
(4) sealing the hole of the insulating layer: and (3) coating the hole sealing agent on the outer surface of the sprayed base material within 1 hour, and standing until the hole sealing agent is dried after coating is finished to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing an insulating coating for bearings according to claim 1, wherein the insulating powder is high-purity alumina having a purity of not less than 99.5%.
3. The method for preparing the insulating coating for the bearing according to claim 2, wherein the insulating powder further contains high-purity titanium oxide with a purity of not less than 99.5%, and the mass fraction of the high-purity titanium oxide with a purity of not less than 99.5% is 1-5% of the mass of the insulating powder.
4. The method for preparing an insulating coating for bearings according to claim 3, wherein the high purity alumina has a particle size of 15 to 95 μm, and the high purity titanium oxide has a particle size of 15 to 100 μm.
5. The preparation method of the insulating coating for the bearing according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent is alcohol or acetone, and the temperature during drying is 60-100 ℃.
6. The method for preparing an insulating coating for a bearing according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the cleaned substrate is subjected to roughening and activating treatment by sand blasting during the surface pretreatment of the substrate; the sand blowing pressure is 0.2-0.6 MPa during sand blasting, the sand blowing distance is 40-150 nm, and white corundum is adopted as sand.
7. The method for preparing an insulating coating for a bearing according to claim 1, wherein the surface temperature of the pretreated substrate is not more than 120 ℃ by spraying and cooling while spraying by an atmospheric plasma spraying method, the cooling gas during cooling is compressed air, the cooling pressure is 0.3 to 0.7 MPa, and the cooling distance is 10 to 300 mm.
8. The method for preparing an insulating coating for a bearing according to claim 1, wherein argon is used as the main gas, argon is used as the carrier gas, hydrogen is used as the auxiliary gas, and the control parameters during spraying are as follows: the spray gun current is 350-650A, the spray gun voltage is 55-80V, the auxiliary gas flow is 1-15L/min, the powder conveying amount of the insulating powder is 20-120 g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2.0-12.0L/min, the main gas flow is 30-80L/min, the main gas pressure is 0.6-1.0 MPa, the auxiliary gas pressure is 0.8-1.5 MPa, the spraying distance is 75-150 mm, and the spraying angle is 70-90 degrees.
9. The preparation method of the insulating coating for the bearing, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole sealing agent comprises the following raw materials by mass: 20-50 parts of epoxy resin, 1-10 parts of curing agent and 30-80 parts of diluent.
10. The method for preparing an insulating coating for a bearing according to claim 9, wherein the epoxy resin is novolac epoxy resin, the curing agent is butyl titanate, the diluent is acetone and xylene, and the mass ratio of acetone to xylene in the diluent is 1: 1.
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| CN113549859A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-26 | 河南科技大学 | Composite ceramic coating for insulating bearing of wind driven generator and preparation method thereof |
| CN113549860A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-26 | 河南科技大学 | Composite ceramic coating for motor insulating bearing and preparation method thereof |
| CN117778938A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中机凯博表面技术江苏有限公司 | Insulating ferrule and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN104789914A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Preparation method for bearing inner-outer ring electrical insulation coating |
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| CN1706980A (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-12-14 | 洛阳轴承集团有限公司 | Surface insulating layer treating process for roller bearing |
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