CN112410705A - High-temperature preheating galvanizing process for suspension galvanizing hot galvanizing line - Google Patents
High-temperature preheating galvanizing process for suspension galvanizing hot galvanizing line Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410705A CN112410705A CN202011129585.9A CN202011129585A CN112410705A CN 112410705 A CN112410705 A CN 112410705A CN 202011129585 A CN202011129585 A CN 202011129585A CN 112410705 A CN112410705 A CN 112410705A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for a suspension galvanizing hot galvanizing line, which belongs to the technical field of hot galvanizing, and comprises the following steps: 1) vibrating and feeding; 2) ultrasonic degreasing: the vibration machine vibrates and slides a workpiece to be cleaned, the workpiece is conveyed onto an ultrasonic conveying mesh belt, the workpiece enters a cleaning machine main machine through the mesh belt, and the workpiece passes through each cleaning station; 3) acid washing: 4) washing with water: purifying acid liquor and iron salt adhered to the surface of the workpiece; 5) plating assistance: after the water washing is finished, the tipping bucket pours the workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, and the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent; 6) drying: dumping the workpieces to a conveyor belt of the dryer by a skip bucket in the auxiliary agent pool; 7) preheating; 8) hot galvanizing; 9) and (3) cooling: the zinc-plated part is cooled, the equipment is integrated, the occupied area is small, the automation degree is high, the process is complete, the product quality is high, the zinc pot is automatically fed, ash is automatically beaten, the leakage of zinc smoke is greatly reduced, the pollution is reduced, and compared with the traditional production line, the energy consumption is integrally reduced, and the yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hot galvanizing, in particular to a high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for a suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line.
Background
The hot galvanizing process of the fastener comprises degreasing, derusting, washing, auxiliary agent, drying, hot galvanizing, cooling and the like. The processes before hot galvanizing are collectively called pretreatment, and the processes after hot galvanizing are collectively called post-treatment. Most of the traditional prior process methods are basket type static soaking pickling or roller rolling soaking, manual operation or semi-automatic operation is adopted at present, the process method and the equipment structure are restricted, the full automation degree is low, the difficulty is high, and the concrete expression is as follows:
1. degreasing: the fastener degreasing adopts a soaking mode, the degreasing speed is low, the degreasing acidity has large change degree along with the change of the type and the pollution amount of surface oil stains, the concentration of a degreasing agent, the aging degree of degreasing liquid and the like, and the matching with subsequent acid washing is poor, so that the production is discontinuous;
2. acid pickling for rust removal: the concentration of the acid liquor is reduced along with the increase of the pickling amount, the concentration of the ferrous chloride is increased along with the increase of the pickling amount, both factors can cause the reduction of the pickling speed, meanwhile, the temperature of the acid liquor is also an important factor influencing the pickling speed, the uncertainty of the influencing factor causes the uncertain pickling and rust removal time, under-pickling or over-pickling is frequently generated under the condition of no manual intervention, and the automatic control without human participation is difficult to realize.
3. Galvanizing: the traditional centrifugal mode selects an independent centrifuge, is placed beside a zinc pot, and manually pours a workpiece subjected to hot dip galvanizing into the centrifuge for centrifugation, and has the defects that: 1) the time interval of centrifugation is long; 2) the centrifugal basket automatically enters and exits the centrifugal machine for a long time; 3) the zinc slag is not easy to clean. The zinc plating mode is difficult to be automatically connected with front and rear equipment.
4. The process liquid regeneration treatment, the waste liquid treatment, the environmental protection equipment operation and other processes are lagged behind or the automation degree of the equipment is poor, the treatment equipment is not linked with the production equipment, and the manual operation is relied on.
The prior suspension plating hot galvanizing process basically adopts the waste heat of a hot galvanizing furnace to convert and heat a plating assistant agent through a heat exchanger, a plated part is naturally dried after passing through a plating assistant tank and enters a galvanizing pot for galvanizing, the galvanized part enters a cooling tank to be cooled to room temperature, and the water in the cooling tank is cooled through a cooling tower.
The following problems in the current process flow cannot be solved:
1) the auxiliary agent pool is heated by using the waste heat of the flue gas, converted by using a heat exchanger twice, controlled by using an independent pump room, and has the following temperature: the temperature is 55-65 ℃, the failure rate is high, and the thermal conversion rate is low.
2) The temperature of the plated part in a zinc pot is less than or equal to 50 ℃, a hot galvanizing furnace bears all heating requirements, the heat load is high, and the heating efficiency is low.
3) The cooling tank absorbs the heat of the plated part, but the heat quality is low, so that the plated part cannot be utilized, extra energy consumption is required to be added, a cooling tower is arranged for cooling treatment, and the whole process flow and control have more improvement spaces.
Therefore, we propose a high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for a suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip wire comprises the following steps:
1) vibrating and feeding: stacking the fasteners on a feeding hopper, vibrating the fasteners continuously through the feeding hopper, and then enabling the fasteners to fall on a conveying belt;
2) ultrasonic degreasing: ultrasonic degreasing and cleaning: incoming material → spray washing → ultrasonic cleaning → liquid blowing 1 → spray rinsing 1 → liquid blowing 2 → spray rinsing 2 → drying, the working principle is as follows: utilize the mechanical vibration that ultrasonic wave cavitation osmotic force is strong to strike workpiece surface and combine cleaner decontamination to make workpiece surface clean, the working process: the vibration machine vibrates and slides a workpiece to be cleaned and sends the workpiece to the ultrasonic conveying mesh belt, the workpiece is conveyed into the cleaning machine main machine through the mesh belt, the workpiece passes through each cleaning station, and finally the workpiece is sent to the next procedure, and the whole procedure is automatically finished;
3) acid washing: after the ultrasonic degreasing process is finished, the workpiece enters an acid pickling process, the workpiece enters a first tipping bucket of a No. 1 acid tank and is soaked in low acid, after a certain time, the tipping bucket is turned up to send the workpiece into a second tipping bucket, and after the resetting, a new workpiece enters the first tipping bucket; the second tipping bucket is turned up after a certain time to send the workpiece to the next tipping bucket, the workpiece is fed after being reset, the workpieces are circularly pushed in sequence in this way until the last tipping bucket sends the workpiece to a rinsing bath, and the batch of workpiece pickling process is finished; because the acidity of each tank is different, the pickling speed of each tank is different at normal temperature and is changed along with the change of the acid concentration, the retention time in each tank cannot be determined, the cleaning effect needs to be observed manually, and thus the automatic feeding of each acid hopper cannot be realized. The acid is heated to a certain temperature according to the acidity range, namely low acid, medium acid and high acid are respectively maintained at different temperatures, and the temperature is reduced along with the increase of the concentration. Through the coordination of the temperature and the acid concentration, the acid washing capacity of each acid washing tank is maintained in the same range, so that the automatic control can be realized;
4) washing with water: the water washing process comprises the following steps: after acid washing, a large amount of ferric salt, acid liquor and other residual dirt are attached to the surface of the workpiece to be plated, and the acid liquor and the ferric salt adhered to the surface of the workpiece need to be purified for better assistant plating and galvanizing. And the last bucket of the pickling tank is used for pouring the workpiece into a tipping bucket in the washing tank by turning over, and the workpiece is soaked and cleaned by using rinsing water. After the timed soaking is finished, the tipping bucket is lifted, and the next procedure can be automatically carried out;
5) plating assistance: and (3) plating assisting process: covering the mixed aqueous solution on the surface of the workpiece at 50-70 ℃ to form a salt film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so as to prevent rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece to be plated can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After the washing is finished, the tipping bucket pours the workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, and the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent.
6) Drying: dumping the workpieces onto a conveyor belt of a dryer by a tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool, enabling the conveyor belt to automatically run, drying the workpieces through a drying tunnel in a pass-through manner, enabling the workpieces at the tail end of the tunnel to fall into a weighing hopper, and then placing the fasteners into a galvanizing basket from the weighing hopper, so as to ensure that the weight of the fasteners is within a certain range each time;
7) preheating: the method comprises the following steps that a galvanized part enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheating furnace when heated by a hot galvanizing furnace and is heated by a preheater, hot water in a cooling tank is used for heating hot water in a water tank by a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger, the auxiliary agent tank in the auxiliary agent tank is controlled to be at 50-60 ℃, the preheating temperature of the preheating tank is controlled to be 250-300 ℃, a workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the temperature of the cooling tank is controlled to be 60-75 ℃, and the heat pump unit is used for heating the hot water in the water tank to be 75-;
8) hot galvanizing: the hot galvanizing heating mode is heating by a natural gas high-speed pulse furnace or electric heating, and the temperature of a hearth is automatically controlled by a combustion control system. Grabbing a certain amount of galvanized blue with fasteners by using a manipulator, putting the galvanized basket into zinc liquid in a zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket on a centrifuge for centrifugation by using the manipulator after zinc dipping at regular time, throwing off the redundant zinc liquid on the surfaces of the fasteners to fall into the zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket above a cooling conveyer belt by using the manipulator after centrifugation is finished, and turning the arm to pour the workpiece on the conveyer belt for conveying to a cooling process;
9) and (3) cooling: and cooling the galvanized part.
Furthermore, the pickling tanks are three in number and are connected in series, the numbers of the pickling tanks are respectively a 1# acid tank, a 2# acid tank and a 3# acid tank, and the contained liquids are respectively: low acid, medium acid and high acid, and a tipping bucket is arranged in each groove.
Furthermore, the auxiliary agent heating heat source is the galvanizing waste heat, and the temperature is automatically adjusted through a temperature sensor.
Further, the mixed aqueous solution is a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, and the temperature of the mixed aqueous solution is 50-70 ℃.
Furthermore, the cooling is carried out in two modes of natural cooling (air cooling) in air and water bath cooling (water cooling).
Further, the cooling water temperature is generally greater than 30 ℃ and less than 60 ℃.
Furthermore, the assistant pool adopts a high-temperature smokeless assistant, and the assistant-water heat exchanger adopts a fluoroplastic heat exchanger or a graphite heat exchanger.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the degreasing equipment which can automatically operate, has large treatment load and good treatment effect is realized, the degreasing equipment is convenient to be connected with a subsequent treatment system, the equipment is integrated, the occupied area is small, and the automation degree is high;
2. the pickling speed is controlled, and is stabilized within a certain range under the conditions of different acidity and ferrous chloride concentration, so that the automation is easier to realize, the process is complete, and the product quality is high;
3. the zinc is centrifuged on line, the centrifugal response is fast, the centrifugal effect is good, and meanwhile, the thrown zinc directly falls into a zinc pot for repeated use, so that the energy loss is reduced, the zinc can be automatically linked with the front and rear processes, the number of workers is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced;
4. the full-automatic hot galvanizing production of the fastener is realized, the temperature is automatically adjusted according to the change of acidity to maintain the pickling speed, and the automatic assembly line production is facilitated;
5. the industrial liquid treatment and the operation of the environment-friendly equipment are automatic, no acid mist leaks out, the environment is protected, the zinc can is automatically fed into the zinc pot, and the ash is automatically beaten, so that the leakage of zinc smoke is greatly reduced, and the pollution is reduced;
6. by adopting the process flow, compared with the traditional production line, the whole energy consumption can be reduced by more than or equal to 20 percent, and the ton consumption of galvanizing can be realized: 3/t is less than or equal to 10 m; because of the preheating treatment before the galvanizing of the plated part, the high-temperature auxiliary agent is adopted to preheat the plated part, the safety production can reach 200 ℃, the energy consumption rate is reduced, and the yield can be improved by 30-70% under the same condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip wire comprises the following steps:
1) vibrating and feeding: stacking the fasteners on a feeding hopper, vibrating the fasteners continuously through the feeding hopper, and then enabling the fasteners to fall on a conveying belt;
2) ultrasonic degreasing: ultrasonic degreasing and cleaning: incoming material → spray washing → ultrasonic cleaning → liquid blowing 1 → spray rinsing 1 → liquid blowing 2 → spray rinsing 2 → drying, the working principle is as follows: utilize the mechanical vibration that ultrasonic wave cavitation osmotic force is strong to strike workpiece surface and combine cleaner decontamination to make workpiece surface clean, the working process: the vibration machine vibrates and slides a workpiece to be cleaned and sends the workpiece to the ultrasonic conveying mesh belt, the workpiece is conveyed into the cleaning machine main machine through the mesh belt, the workpiece passes through each cleaning station, and finally the workpiece is sent to the next procedure, and the whole procedure is automatically finished;
3) acid washing: after the ultrasonic degreasing process is finished, the workpiece enters an acid pickling process, the workpiece enters a first tipping bucket of a No. 1 acid tank and is soaked in low acid, after a certain time, the tipping bucket is turned up to send the workpiece into a second tipping bucket, and after the resetting, a new workpiece enters the first tipping bucket; the second tipping bucket is turned up after a certain time to send the workpiece to the next tipping bucket, the workpiece is fed after being reset, the workpieces are circularly pushed in sequence in this way until the last tipping bucket sends the workpiece to a rinsing bath, and the batch of workpiece pickling process is finished; because the acidity of each tank is different, the pickling speed of each tank is different at normal temperature and is changed along with the change of the acid concentration, the retention time in each tank cannot be determined, the cleaning effect needs to be observed manually, and thus the automatic feeding of each acid hopper cannot be realized. The acid is heated to a certain temperature according to the acidity range, namely low acid, medium acid and high acid are respectively maintained at different temperatures, and the temperature is reduced along with the increase of the concentration. Through the coordination of the temperature and the acid concentration, the acid washing capacity of each acid washing tank is maintained in the same range, so that the automatic control can be realized;
4) washing with water: the water washing process comprises the following steps: after acid washing, a large amount of ferric salt, acid liquor and other residual dirt are attached to the surface of the workpiece to be plated, and the acid liquor and the ferric salt adhered to the surface of the workpiece need to be purified for better assistant plating and galvanizing. And the last bucket of the pickling tank is used for pouring the workpiece into a tipping bucket in the washing tank by turning over, and the workpiece is soaked and cleaned by using rinsing water. After the timed soaking is finished, the tipping bucket is lifted, and the next procedure can be automatically carried out;
5) plating assistance: and (3) plating assisting process: covering the mixed aqueous solution on the surface of the workpiece at 50-70 ℃ to form a salt film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so as to prevent rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece to be plated can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After the washing is finished, the tipping bucket pours the workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, and the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent.
6) Drying: dumping the workpieces onto a conveyor belt of a dryer by a tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool, enabling the conveyor belt to automatically run, drying the workpieces through a drying tunnel in a pass-through manner, enabling the workpieces at the tail end of the tunnel to fall into a weighing hopper, and then placing the fasteners into a galvanizing basket from the weighing hopper, so as to ensure that the weight of the fasteners is within a certain range each time;
7) preheating: the method comprises the following steps that a galvanized part enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheating furnace when heated by a hot galvanizing furnace and is heated by a preheater, hot water in a cooling tank is used for heating hot water in a water tank by a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger, the auxiliary agent tank in the auxiliary agent tank is controlled to be at 50-60 ℃, the preheating temperature of the preheating tank is controlled to be 250-300 ℃, a workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the temperature of the cooling tank is controlled to be 60-75 ℃, and the heat pump unit is used for heating the hot water in the water tank to be 75-;
8) hot galvanizing: the hot galvanizing heating mode is heating by a natural gas high-speed pulse furnace or electric heating, and the temperature of a hearth is automatically controlled by a combustion control system. Grabbing a certain amount of galvanized blue with fasteners by using a manipulator, putting the galvanized basket into zinc liquid in a zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket on a centrifuge for centrifugation by using the manipulator after zinc dipping at regular time, throwing off the redundant zinc liquid on the surfaces of the fasteners to fall into the zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket above a cooling conveyer belt by using the manipulator after centrifugation is finished, and turning the arm to pour the workpiece on the conveyer belt for conveying to a cooling process;
9) and (3) cooling: and cooling the galvanized part.
Furthermore, the pickling tanks are three in number and are connected in series, the numbers of the pickling tanks are respectively a 1# acid tank, a 2# acid tank and a 3# acid tank, and the contained liquids are respectively: low acid, medium acid and high acid, and a tipping bucket is arranged in each groove.
Furthermore, the auxiliary agent heating heat source is the galvanizing waste heat, and the temperature is automatically adjusted through a temperature sensor.
Further, the mixed aqueous solution is a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, and the temperature of the mixed aqueous solution is 50-70 ℃.
Furthermore, the cooling is carried out in two modes of natural cooling (air cooling) in air and water bath cooling (water cooling).
Further, the cooling water temperature is generally greater than 30 ℃ and less than 60 ℃.
Further, the assistant pool adopts a high-temperature smokeless assistant, and the assistant-water heat exchanger adopts a fluoroplastic heat exchanger or a graphite heat exchanger
The first embodiment is as follows: under the same conditions, in the plating assisting process, the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride covers the surface of the workpiece at 50 ℃, a salt film is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so that the workpiece is prevented from rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After the washing is finished, the tipping bucket pours the workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, and the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent. The galvanized part enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheating device generated when a hot galvanizing furnace is heated, the preheating tank is used for heating hot water in a water tank through a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger, the auxiliary agent tank in an auxiliary agent tank is controlled at 50 ℃, the preheating tank is controlled at 250 ℃, a workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the cooling tank is controlled at 60 ℃, the heat pump unit is used for heating the hot water in the water tank to 75 ℃, an auxiliary agent heating heat source is galvanizing waste heat, the temperature is automatically adjusted through a temperature sensor, and the hot galvanizing process is carried out on the fastener at the second temperature.
Example two: under the same conditions, in the plating assisting process, the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride covers the surface of the workpiece at 60 ℃, a salt film is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so that the workpiece is prevented from rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece to be plated can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After washing, the dump bucket pours a workpiece into the dump bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, the workpiece is soaked by using an auxiliary agent, a galvanized workpiece enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheater generated when heated by a hot galvanizing furnace, hot water in a cooling tank is heated by a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger to the auxiliary agent pool, the temperature of the auxiliary agent tank in the auxiliary agent pool is controlled to be 55 ℃, the preheating temperature of the preheating tank is controlled to be 275 ℃, the workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the temperature of the cooling tank is controlled to be 668.5 ℃, the heat pump unit heats the hot water in the water tank to be 80 ℃, an auxiliary agent heating heat source is galvanizing waste heat, the temperature is automatically adjusted by a temperature sensor, and hot galvanizing technology is carried out on a.
Example three: under the same conditions, in the plating assisting process, the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride covers the surface of the workpiece at 70 ℃, a salt film is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so that the workpiece is prevented from rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After washing, the tipping bucket pours a workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool by turning, the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent, a galvanized workpiece enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheater generated when heated by a hot galvanizing furnace, hot water in a cooling tank is heated by a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger to heat the auxiliary agent pool, the temperature of the auxiliary agent tank in the auxiliary agent pool is controlled at 60 ℃, the preheating temperature of the preheating tank is controlled at 300 ℃, the workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the temperature of the cooling tank is controlled at 75 ℃, the heat pump unit heats the hot water in the water tank to 85 ℃, an auxiliary agent heating heat source is the waste heat of galvanizing, the temperature is automatically adjusted by a temperature sensor, and hot galvanizing technology is carried out on a fastener at.
Comparison table:
in conclusion, when the plating assisting process is carried out at different temperatures, the hot galvanizing process is more favorably processed at a high temperature, and the quality is better.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot galvanizing line is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process comprises the following steps:
1) vibrating and feeding: stacking the fasteners on a feeding hopper, vibrating the fasteners continuously through the feeding hopper, and then enabling the fasteners to fall on a conveying belt;
2) ultrasonic degreasing: ultrasonic degreasing and cleaning: incoming material → spray washing → ultrasonic cleaning → liquid blowing 1 → spray rinsing 1 → liquid blowing 2 → spray rinsing 2 → drying, the working principle is as follows: utilize the mechanical vibration that ultrasonic wave cavitation osmotic force is strong to strike workpiece surface and combine cleaner decontamination to make workpiece surface clean, the working process: the vibration machine vibrates and slides a workpiece to be cleaned and sends the workpiece to the ultrasonic conveying mesh belt, the workpiece is conveyed into the cleaning machine main machine through the mesh belt, the workpiece passes through each cleaning station, and finally the workpiece is sent to the next procedure, and the whole procedure is automatically finished;
3) acid washing: after the ultrasonic degreasing process is finished, the workpiece enters an acid pickling process, the workpiece enters a first tipping bucket of a No. 1 acid tank and is soaked in low acid, after a certain time, the tipping bucket is turned up to send the workpiece into a second tipping bucket, and after the resetting, a new workpiece enters the first tipping bucket; the second tipping bucket is turned up after a certain time to send the workpiece to the next tipping bucket, the workpiece is fed after being reset, the workpieces are circularly pushed in sequence in this way until the last tipping bucket sends the workpiece to a rinsing bath, and the batch of workpiece pickling process is finished; because the acidity of each tank is different, the pickling speed of each tank is different at normal temperature and is changed along with the change of the acid concentration, the retention time in each tank cannot be determined, the cleaning effect needs to be observed manually, and thus the automatic feeding of each acid hopper cannot be realized. The acid is heated to a certain temperature according to the acidity range, namely low acid, medium acid and high acid are respectively maintained at different temperatures, and the temperature is reduced along with the increase of the concentration. Through the coordination of the temperature and the acid concentration, the acid washing capacity of each acid washing tank is maintained in the same range, so that the automatic control can be realized;
4) washing with water: the water washing process comprises the following steps: after acid washing, a large amount of ferric salt, acid liquor and other residual dirt are attached to the surface of the workpiece to be plated, and the acid liquor and the ferric salt adhered to the surface of the workpiece need to be purified for better assistant plating and galvanizing. And the last bucket of the pickling tank is used for pouring the workpiece into a tipping bucket in the washing tank by turning over, and the workpiece is soaked and cleaned by using rinsing water. After the timed soaking is finished, the tipping bucket is lifted, and the next procedure can be automatically carried out;
5) plating assistance: and (3) plating assisting process: covering the mixed aqueous solution on the surface of the workpiece at 50-70 ℃ to form a salt film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated, so as to prevent rusting again before plating, and meanwhile, the salt film covered on the surface of the workpiece to be plated can increase the iron-zinc reaction activity in the hot dip galvanizing process. After the washing is finished, the tipping bucket pours the workpiece into the tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool through overturning, and the workpiece is soaked by the auxiliary agent.
6) Drying: dumping the workpieces onto a conveyor belt of a dryer by a tipping bucket in the auxiliary agent pool, enabling the conveyor belt to automatically run, drying the workpieces through a drying tunnel in a pass-through manner, enabling the workpieces at the tail end of the tunnel to fall into a weighing hopper, and then placing the fasteners into a galvanizing basket from the weighing hopper, so as to ensure that the weight of the fasteners is within a certain range each time;
7) preheating: the method comprises the following steps that a galvanized part enters a preheating tank, the preheating tank is preheated by a preheating furnace when heated by a hot galvanizing furnace and is heated by a preheater, hot water in a cooling tank is used for heating hot water in a water tank by a heat pump unit, the hot water in the water tank is heated by an auxiliary agent-water heat exchanger, the auxiliary agent tank in the auxiliary agent tank is controlled to be at 50-60 ℃, the preheating temperature of the preheating tank is controlled to be 250-300 ℃, a workpiece is preheated to a set temperature within 5min, the temperature of the cooling tank is controlled to be 60-75 ℃, and the heat pump unit is used for heating the hot water in the water tank to be 75-;
8) hot galvanizing: the hot galvanizing heating mode is heating by a natural gas high-speed pulse furnace or electric heating, and the temperature of a hearth is automatically controlled by a combustion control system. Grabbing a certain amount of galvanized blue with fasteners by using a manipulator, putting the galvanized basket into zinc liquid in a zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket on a centrifuge for centrifugation by using the manipulator after zinc dipping at regular time, throwing off the redundant zinc liquid on the surfaces of the fasteners to fall into the zinc pot, putting the galvanized basket above a cooling conveyer belt by using the manipulator after centrifugation is finished, and turning the arm to pour the workpiece on the conveyer belt for conveying to a cooling process;
9) and (3) cooling: and cooling the galvanized part.
2. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pickling tanks are three in number and are connected in series, the numbers of the pickling tanks are respectively a 1# acid tank, a 2# acid tank and a 3# acid tank, and the contained liquids are respectively: low acid, medium acid and high acid, and a tipping bucket is arranged in each groove.
3. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary agent heating heat source is the galvanizing waste heat, and the temperature is automatically adjusted through a temperature sensor.
4. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed aqueous solution is a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, and the temperature of the mixed aqueous solution is 50-70 ℃.
5. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip galvanizing line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling mode is as follows: firstly, the natural cooling (air cooling) in the air is carried out, and then the water bath cooling (water cooling) is carried out.
6. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: the cooling water temperature is generally greater than 30 ℃ and less than 60 ℃.
7. The high-temperature preheating galvanizing process for the suspension galvanizing hot-dip wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: the assistant pool adopts a high-temperature smokeless assistant, and the assistant-water heat exchanger adopts a fluoroplastic heat exchanger or a graphite heat exchanger.
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| CN115011899A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-06 | 庐江县金鑫金属表面处理有限公司 | Method for improving hot galvanizing adhesive force and auxiliary equipment thereof |
| CN115247248A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-10-28 | 徐州瑞马智能技术有限公司 | Hot galvanizing automatic treatment process based on online detection system |
| CN115247249A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-10-28 | 徐州瑞马智能技术有限公司 | Novel environment-friendly hot galvanizing production process based on automation |
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