CN112410613A - Titanium alloy smelting method - Google Patents
Titanium alloy smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410613A CN112410613A CN202011199728.3A CN202011199728A CN112410613A CN 112410613 A CN112410613 A CN 112410613A CN 202011199728 A CN202011199728 A CN 202011199728A CN 112410613 A CN112410613 A CN 112410613A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for smelting titanium alloy, which simultaneously contains volatile Al element, refractory alloy Nb element and Mo element, and the alloy composition is Ti-x1Al‑x2Nb‑x3Mo‑x4Cr‑x5V‑x6Zr of which (x)1、x2、x3)＞0、(x4、x5、x6)≥0、x2+x3Not less than 9.7. The addition form of the alloy is optimized, the electrode block is prepared and assembled and welded, the vacuum consumable arc melting technology is adopted for melting, the extremely poor content components of Mo and Nb are respectively controlled within 0.25 percent and 0.08 percent, and the problem that the refractory alloy elements are seriously uneven at different parts of a 3-ton large ingot is solved. The invention aims at engineering application, can meet the industrial production requirement of 3-ton large titanium alloy ingots containing refractory alloy elements, has higher technical maturity, and can be popularized and applied to the preparation of larger ingot types.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy engineering application, and relates to a titanium alloy smelting method.
Background
Titanium alloy has been widely used in many industries such as aviation, aerospace, shipping, chemical engineering, petroleum, automobile, medical treatment, nuclear power and the like because of its characteristics of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, no toxicity, no magnetism, good heat resistance, weldability, good biocompatibility and the like, and the aerospace industry is still one of the dominant fields of research and application. In the field of aviation, a great deal of application of advanced titanium alloy materials is one of the signs of new-generation airplanes and novel engines, and the weight reduction effect and the safety and reliability of the structure can be greatly improved.
Constructing low intensity (sigma) with independent and independent intellectual property rights in ChinabLess than or equal to 700MPa) -medium strength (sigma)bNot less than 700-1000 MPa) -high strength (sigma)bMore than or equal to 1000-1250 MPa) -ultra-high strength (sigma)bNot less than 1250 MPa). Aiming at the ultrahigh strength beta titanium alloy, Mo and Nb are two important elements added in the alloying in the comprehensive strengthening and toughening technology of the ultrahigh strength titanium alloy as beta stable elements. At present, the uniformity control of Mo and Nb insoluble alloy elements is limited to small ingots in a laboratory range, and the phenomenon of nonuniform Mo and Nb element components still exists in industrial ingots of more than 3 tons, and even the Mo and Nb element components deviate from the specified range of an alloy standard seriously. Therefore, in order to improve the uniformity of elements in the ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy ingot and avoid the inclusion of refractory elements Mo and Nb, the development of a stable vacuum consumable arc melting method for preparing the ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy ingot is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the titanium alloy smelting method is provided for solving the problem that the uniformity control of high-melting-point alloy element components in large-scale industrialized high-Mo high-Nb titanium alloy ingots cannot be realized in the prior art and solving the problems of high difficulty in controlling the uniformity of the titanium alloy components and inclusion of refractory elements.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a titanium alloy smelting method is provided, wherein the titanium alloy smelting method comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass of Ti-x1Al-x2Nb-x3Mo-x4Cr-x5V-x6Zr of which (x)1、x2、x3)＞0、(x4、x5、x6)≥0、x2+x3Not less than 7, wherein the Nb content is more than 2.7 percent (namely x)2Not less than 2.7) and Mo content more than 7% (i.e. x)3Not less than 7), the numerical unit is%; the smelting method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the titanium sponge and the Nb strips into a die to press an electrode block, and welding the pressed electrode block into a consumable electrode;
step two: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step one, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step three: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step two to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step four: processing the secondary ingot obtained in the step three into a Ti-Nb lath;
step five: selecting other required raw materials according to elements in the alloy; calculating the weight of the required raw materials, uniformly mixing, putting the raw materials, the titanium sponge and the Ti-Nb strip obtained in the step four into a die to press an electrode block, and welding the pressed electrode block to form a consumable electrode;
step six: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step five by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step seven: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the sixth step to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step eight: and C, inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step seven to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out three times of smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a finished product ingot.
And in the second step, a vacuum consumable arc melting method is adopted for primary melting.
In the third step, the secondary smelting is carried out by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method.
Preferably, the total content x of Nb and Mo in the alloy composition2+x3≥9.7。
Preferably, the aluminum is, due to the nature of the volatile aluminum elementElement on demand as x1Adding (0.15-0.2).
The raw material can be lath-shaped, granular or crumbly.
The length of the lath-shaped raw material is consistent with that of the electrode block, and the lath-shaped raw material needs to be uniformly and symmetrically distributed in the electrode block. The lath-shaped raw material is arranged inside the electrode block and is not allowed to be exposed on the surface of the electrode block.
The smelting method can be applied to the preparation of ingots with the grade of more than 3 tons.
The strength sigma of the titanium alloy ingot prepared by the smelting methodb≥1250MPa。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composition range of the refractory alloy elements Mo and Nb cast ingots is controlled within 0.25 percent and 0.08 percent, and no high-density impurities exist; and the smelting process is verified for many times, the batch stability is controllable, and the technical maturity is high.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Features of various aspects of embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to better understand the present invention by illustrating examples thereof. The present invention is not limited to any particular arrangement or method provided below, but rather covers all product structures, any modifications, alterations, etc. of the method covered without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
Example 1
The titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the novel high-Mo high-Nb beta titanium alloy comprises Ti-3Al-2.8Nb-15Mo, wherein the Nb content is 2.8%, and the Mo content is 15%.
The method comprises the following steps: first, 4 Nb strips were grouped together, and the total weight was weighed, and based on this, the required weight of titanium sponge was calculated as 45% of Nb element, and the weighed titanium sponge and Nb strips (300 mm in length) were placed in a mold in a uniformly symmetrical form to press electrode blocks of 27kg per electrode block. Welding the pressed electrode blocks to form a consumable electrode;
step two: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step one by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step three: and (3) inverting the primary ingot obtained in the second step to serve as a consumable electrode, and carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A/5s, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5 Pa. Obtaining a secondary ingot after cooling;
step four: and (4) removing a riser and surface scale from the secondary ingot obtained in the step three, calculating the cross section of the strip according to the length of 400mm of 110kg of each electrode, and processing the strip into a Ti45Nb strip according to the cross section.
Step five: the Nb content of the Ti45Nb ribbon obtained in test step four was 45.4%.
Step six: al element is mixed according to (3+0.15), 4 Nb battens are weighed to have the content of 6.78kg, the mixing amount corresponding to other raw materials is calculated, 8.93kg of AlMo60 alloy, 34.82kg of TiMo32 alloy and 49.51kg of sponge titanium are respectively weighed, mixed by adopting a mixed material, after uniform mixing, 10kg of sponge titanium is weighed and placed into a die, Ti45Nb battens obtained in the fourth step and the uniformly mixed raw materials are uniformly and symmetrically placed into the die to press an electrode block, and the pressed electrode block is welded into a consumable electrode;
step seven: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the sixth step by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.24 Pa/min-0.59 Pa/min, the smelting current is 14kA, the arc stabilizing current is 8A, the smelting voltage is 29V-35V, and a primary smelting ingot is obtained after cooling;
step eight: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the seventh step to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.14 Pa/min-0.32 Pa/min, the smelting current is 21kA, the arc stabilizing current is 12A/10s, the smelting voltage is 32V-37V, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step nine: and C, inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step eight to serve as a consumable electrode, carrying out three times of smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a finished product ingot.
Table 1 example 1 ingredient test results (%)
Example 2
The titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the novel high-Mo high-Nb beta titanium alloy comprises Ti-9Mo-3Al-3Nb-3Cr, wherein the Nb content is 3%, and the Mo content is 9%.
The method comprises the following steps: first, 4 Nb strips were grouped together, and the total weight was weighed, and based on this, the required weight of titanium sponge was calculated as 45% of Nb element, and 27kg of electrode blocks were pressed by placing the weighed titanium sponge and Nb strips (300 mm in length) in a mold in a uniform and symmetrical manner. Welding the pressed electrode blocks to form a consumable electrode;
step two: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step one by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step three: and (3) inverting the primary ingot obtained in the second step to serve as a consumable electrode, and carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A/5s, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5 Pa. Obtaining a secondary ingot after cooling;
step four: and (4) removing a riser and surface scale from the secondary ingot obtained in the step three, calculating the cross section of the strip according to the length of 400mm of 110kg of each electrode, and processing the strip into a Ti45Nb strip according to the cross section.
Step five: the Nb content of the Ti45Nb ribbon obtained in test step four was 45.4%.
Step six: al element is mixed according to (3+0.15), the content of 4 Nb battens is weighed to be 7.27kg, the mixing amount corresponding to other raw materials is calculated, 8.93kg of AlMo60 alloy, 14.2kg of TiMo32 alloy and 66.41kg of sponge titanium are respectively weighed, a mixed cloth material is adopted for mixing, after uniform mixing, 10kg of sponge titanium is weighed and placed into a die, the Ti45Nb battens obtained in the fourth step and the uniformly mixed raw materials are uniformly and symmetrically placed into the die for pressing an electrode block, and the pressed electrode block is welded into a consumable electrode;
step seven: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the sixth step by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.24 Pa/min-0.59 Pa/min, the smelting current is 14kA, the arc stabilizing current is 8A, the smelting voltage is 29V-35V, and a primary smelting ingot is obtained after cooling;
step eight: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the seventh step to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.14 Pa/min-0.32 Pa/min, the smelting current is 21kA, the arc stabilizing current is 12A/10s, the smelting voltage is 32V-37V, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step nine: and C, inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step eight to serve as a consumable electrode, carrying out three times of smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a finished product ingot.
Table 2 example 2 ingredient test results (%)
Example 3
The titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the novel high-Mo high-Nb beta titanium alloy comprises Ti-7Mo-4Al-2.7Nb-0.5V-0.5Zr, wherein the Nb content is 2.7%, and the Mo content is 7%.
The method comprises the following steps: first, 4 Nb strips were grouped together, and the total weight was weighed, based on which the weight of the titanium sponge required was calculated as 35% of Nb element, and 27kg of electrode blocks were pressed by placing the weighed titanium sponge in a mold in a form uniformly symmetrical to the Nb strips (length 300 mm). Welding the pressed electrode blocks to form a consumable electrode;
step two: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step one by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step three: and (3) inverting the primary ingot obtained in the second step to serve as a consumable electrode, and carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting current is 6kA, the smelting voltage is 29-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 5A/5s, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa/min, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.5 Pa. Obtaining a secondary ingot after cooling;
step four: and (4) removing risers and surface scales from the secondary ingots obtained in the step three, calculating the cross section of the strip according to the length of 400mm of 110kg of each electrode, and processing the strip into a Ti35Nb strip.
Step five: the Nb content of the Ti35Nb ribbon obtained in test step four was 35.2%.
Step six: al element is mixed according to (4+0.20), the content of 4 Nb battens is weighed to be 8.37kg, the mixing amount of other corresponding raw materials is calculated, 10.41kg of AlMo60 alloy, 4.54kg of TiMo32 alloy, 1kg of AlV55 alloy, 0.55kg of sponge zirconium and 71.94kg of sponge titanium are respectively weighed and mixed by adopting a mixed cloth material, after uniform mixing, 10kg of sponge titanium is weighed and put into a die, Ti45Nb battens obtained in the step four and the uniformly mixed raw materials are uniformly and symmetrically put into the die to press an electrode block, and the pressed electrode block is welded into a consumable electrode;
step seven: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the sixth step by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the smelting vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.24 Pa/min-0.59 Pa/min, the smelting current is 14kA, the arc stabilizing current is 8A, the smelting voltage is 29V-35V, and a primary smelting ingot is obtained after cooling;
step eight: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the seventh step to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is 0.14 Pa/min-0.32 Pa/min, the smelting current is 21kA, the arc stabilizing current is 12A/10s, the smelting voltage is 32V-37V, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step nine: and C, inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step eight to serve as a consumable electrode, carrying out three times of smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a finished product ingot.
Table 3 example 3 ingredient test results (%)
| Refractory alloy element | Target value | Head part | Middle part | Tail part | Extreme difference |
| Mo | 7 | 6.80 | 6.97 | 6.98 | 0.18 |
| Nb | 2.7 | 2.54 | 2.56 | 2.58 | 0.04 |
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A titanium alloy smelting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the smelting method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the titanium sponge and the Nb strips into a die to press an electrode block, and welding the pressed electrode block into a consumable electrode;
step two: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step one, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step three: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step two to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step four: processing the secondary ingot obtained in the step three into a Ti-Nb lath;
step five: selecting other required raw materials according to elements in the alloy; calculating the weight of the required raw materials, uniformly mixing, putting the raw materials, the titanium sponge and the Ti-Nb strip obtained in the step four into a die to press an electrode block, and welding the pressed electrode block to form a consumable electrode;
step six: carrying out primary smelting on the consumable electrode prepared in the step five by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a primary ingot;
step seven: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the sixth step to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out secondary smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a secondary ingot;
step eight: inverting the primary ingot obtained in the step seven to be used as a consumable electrode, carrying out three times of smelting by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method, and cooling to obtain a finished product ingot;
the titanium alloy applicable to the smelting method comprises the following components in percentage by mass of Ti-x1Al-x2Nb-x3Mo-x4Cr-x5V-x6Zr of which (x)1、x2、x3)＞0、(x4、x5、x6)≥0、x2+x3Not less than 7, wherein x2≥2.7，x3Not less than 7, the numerical unit is%.
2. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total content x of Nb element and Mo element in the titanium alloy component2+x3≥9.7。
3. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum element is expressed as x1Adding (0.15-0.2).
4. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, a vacuum consumable arc melting method is adopted for primary melting.
5. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the secondary smelting is carried out by adopting a vacuum consumable arc smelting method.
6. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material can be lath-shaped, granular or crumbly.
7. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the lath-shaped raw material is consistent with that of the electrode block, and the lath-shaped raw material is uniformly and symmetrically distributed in the electrode block; the lath-shaped raw material is arranged inside the electrode block.
8. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting method can be applied to the preparation of ingots with the grade of more than 3 tons.
9. The titanium alloy melting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strength sigma of the titanium alloy ingot prepared by the smelting methodb≥1250MPa。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010047809A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-04 | Osaka Titanium Technologies Co Ltd | Method for producing titanium or titanium alloy ingot |
| CN102367523A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method for melting titanium alloy containing high-melting point alloy element |
| CN106119606A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of WSTi45561 superhigh intensity titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109055842A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-21 | 洛阳顺易钛业有限公司 | A kind of Ti-Nb intermediate alloy and its preparation method and application |
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- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011199728.3A patent/CN112410613A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010047809A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-04 | Osaka Titanium Technologies Co Ltd | Method for producing titanium or titanium alloy ingot |
| CN102367523A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method for melting titanium alloy containing high-melting point alloy element |
| CN106119606A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of WSTi45561 superhigh intensity titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109055842A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-21 | 洛阳顺易钛业有限公司 | A kind of Ti-Nb intermediate alloy and its preparation method and application |
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