CN112410563A - Electronic garbage recycling method - Google Patents
Electronic garbage recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410563A CN112410563A CN202011201241.4A CN202011201241A CN112410563A CN 112410563 A CN112410563 A CN 112410563A CN 202011201241 A CN202011201241 A CN 202011201241A CN 112410563 A CN112410563 A CN 112410563A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/046—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from manufactured products, e.g. from printed circuit boards, from photographic films, paper or baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/14—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/18—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electronic garbage recovery, and provides an electronic garbage recycling method, which is characterized in that large elements are disassembled into electronic garbage, low-melting-point metallic tin is melted off through a tin melting furnace, the separated electronic garbage is subjected to metal and nonmetal dissociation through a crushing device, the dissociated metallic components are separated by using a certain separation technology to obtain most of nonmetal and metallic components, the metallic components are leached by using a leaching solution, the leached metal is subjected to electrolytic separation by using the leaching solution in an electrolytic mode, and the leaching solution is regenerated at an anode and recycled; and removing the metal impurities in the non-metal components obtained by sorting by using acid leaching, and washing by using water to prepare a composite material or a building material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electronic waste recycling, and particularly relates to an electronic waste recycling method.
Background
Household and industrial electrical equipment is mostly changed into electronic garbage after being damaged, wherein the replacement frequency of household electrical equipment such as mobile phones, televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and the like is relatively high. A large amount of electronic garbage is generated in every year in the world, and according to incomplete statistics, 538.4 ten thousand tons of common equipment electronic garbage is generated in 2017 only in China. The circuit board is an important component of most electrical equipment and consists of an electronic element and an element carrier, wherein the electronic element and the element carrier contain a plurality of metals, wherein the contents of copper, iron, aluminum, zinc, lead and the like are high, and the contents of gold, silver, platinum, palladium and other noble metals are low; the nonmetal components mainly comprise elements such as silicon, carbon, chlorine, bromine, sulfur and the like. There are data showing that the production of circuit boards in China generates 52-100 million tons of leftover materials every year, and if the leftover materials are not properly treated, serious environmental problems are caused in the face of such huge amount of electronic wastes.
Although the content of metals in the electronic waste is low, the metals contained in each ton of electronic waste are several times or even ten times higher than those in metal ores, especially in precious metal-rich ores, so that the recovery of metals from electronic waste has attracted a lot of development and research.
Chinese patent CN201611000586.7 has designed one set of electronic waste metal recovery unit, electronic waste is broken back, through pyrolysis treatment, turn into organic matter and low melting point material volatile substance, retrieve oil through the settling device, tail gas adopts pyrolysis, handle through bag filter and spray column after the cooling, metal and part high temperature resistant inorganic material then stay in the decomposition device, realize the separation of metal and nonmetal, the process design is complete, the waste material of production obtains effectual processing, retrieve metal and oil simultaneously, but contain partial nonmetal in the metal concentrate, need further processing purification.
Chinese patent CN106705058B discloses a process for extracting metals and pyrolyzing organic matter to recover oil by using hydrometallurgy, after electronic garbage is crushed and sorted, the metal separation component uses acid leaching to dissolve copper, the dissolved copper uses an electrolysis device to recover copper plates, nonmetal enters a high-temperature pyrolysis device, part of organic matter is decomposed into pyrolysis gas and tar at high temperature, the pyrolysis gas is recycled as raw material gas, the method has the advantages of less metal impurities and simple operation, but the residue generated by pyrolysis is not treated.
Chinese patent CN104313332B discloses that after the electronic garbage is crushed, high-voltage electrostatic separation of metals and non-metals, the metal components are placed in a melting furnace, after dissolution, stirring and standing at different temperatures, the melting points and density differences of iron, copper, tin/lead are utilized to realize three-phase separation, the process operation is simple, the metal enrichment effect is good, but the electronic garbage often contains multiple metals, the metals obtained by using the method can contain more miscellaneous element metals, and a single metal with higher purity can be obtained by further refining.
Most research and treatment processes are mainly concentrated on metal recovery at present, most of non-metal components are converted into oil gas in a pyrolysis mode, toxic gas is easily generated by pyrolysis, and residues generated by pyrolysis contain more metals and need further treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides an electronic garbage recycling method, which can recycle high-quality metals and nonmetal, is more environment-friendly in recycling process, and comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide an electronic garbage recycling method, which is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: the electronic waste recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 0.5-5mm by adopting a crushing device;
step three: sorting the small particles crushed in the step two into coarse metal and coarse nonmetal;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the third step in acid liquor to obtain pure nonmetal;
step five: and D, soaking the crude metal obtained in the step three in a leaching solution, and then electrolyzing and collecting pure metal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the crushing device in the second step of the electronic waste recycling method is one of a shredding type crushing device and a hammer type crushing device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sorting method in the third step of the electronic waste recycling method is one of buoyancy sorting, current sorting and gravity sorting.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sorting time in the third step of the electronic waste recycling method is 10-30 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the acid solution in the fourth step of the electronic waste recycling method is at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and oxalic acid.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the leachate in step five of the electronic waste recycling method is a mixture of ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 3 to 5: 4-6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the metal components are recovered by an electrochemical method, copper in the electronic garbage can be leached out by the acidic ferric trichloride leachate, a small amount of silver can be leached out, the leached metal is purified by electrolysis, the invalid leachate is oxidized into ferric iron by anodic oxidation, the leaching capacity is recovered, and the leaching agent can be reused by supplementing a small amount of acid.
2. The nonmetal components in the electronic garbage can almost recover all nonmetal components through crushing, sorting, acid leaching and water washing, and the nonmetal components in the electronic garbage generally have higher strength and can be used for preparing composite materials or building materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an electronic waste recycling method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The electronic garbage recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving low-melting-point metallic tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering the metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 0.5-5mm by adopting a crushing device (a chopping type crushing device and a hammer type crushing device);
step three: sorting (buoyancy sorting, current sorting and gravity sorting) the small particles crushed in the step two into coarse metal and coarse nonmetal, wherein the sorting time is 10-30 min;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the third step in acid liquor (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and oxalic acid) to obtain pure nonmetal for manufacturing composite materials or building materials;
step five: and (3) soaking the crude metal obtained in the third step in a leaching solution (ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 3-5: 4-6), then electrolyzing and collecting pure metal, wherein the leaching solution and the crude metal are carried out in a leaching tank, and the leaching solution continuously enters from the bottom and is continuously leached in a high-level overflow mode. The leached solution is used for extracting and separating metals in the leaching solution in an electrolysis mode, and simultaneously, ferrous iron is converted into ferric iron with oxidability by using the anodic oxidation effect, and pure metals such as copper, tin, lead and the like are electrolyzed for recycling.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention will be more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The electronic garbage recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 3mm by adopting a chopping type crushing device;
step three: carrying out buoyancy separation on the small particles crushed in the step two to obtain coarse metal and coarse nonmetal, wherein the separation time is 15 min;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the step three in sulfuric acid to obtain pure nonmetal, wherein the recovery rate of the pure nonmetal is 96.1%;
step five: soaking the crude metal obtained in the third step in a leaching solution (ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 3: 5), and then electrolytically collecting pure metal, wherein the yield of the pure metal is 64%.
Example 2
The electronic garbage recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 0.25mm by adopting a hammer crushing type crushing device;
step three: carrying out current sorting on the small particles crushed in the step two to obtain coarse metal and coarse nonmetal, wherein the sorting time is 20 min;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the step three in hydrochloric acid to obtain pure nonmetal, wherein the recovery rate of the pure nonmetal is 92.5%;
step five: soaking the crude metal obtained in the third step in a leaching solution (ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 4: 5), and then electrolytically collecting pure metal, wherein the yield of the pure metal is 62.5%.
Example 3
The electronic garbage recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 0.5mm by adopting a crushing device and a chopping type crushing device;
step three: performing gravity separation on the small particles crushed in the step two to obtain coarse metal and coarse nonmetal, wherein the separation time is 10 min;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the third step in nitric acid to obtain pure nonmetal, wherein the recovery rate of the pure nonmetal is 96%;
step five: soaking the crude metal obtained in the third step in a leaching solution (ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 3: 4), and then electrolytically collecting pure metal, wherein the yield of the pure metal is 60%.
Example 4
The electronic garbage recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 5mm by adopting a hammer crushing type crushing device;
step three: carrying out current sorting on the small particles crushed in the step two to obtain coarse metal and coarse nonmetal, wherein the sorting time is 30 min;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the third step in oxalic acid to obtain pure nonmetal, wherein the recovery rate of the pure nonmetal is 96.5%;
step five: soaking the crude metal obtained in the third step in a leaching solution (ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 5: 6), and then electrolytically collecting pure metal, wherein the yield of the pure metal is 65%.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for recycling electronic garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electronic waste recycling method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: disassembling the large-element electronic waste, dissolving tin on the surface of the disassembled large-element electronic waste by a tin melting furnace, and recovering metallic tin to obtain a mixture A;
step two: crushing the mixture A into small particles with the particle size of 0.5-5mm by adopting a crushing device;
step three: sorting the small particles crushed in the step two into coarse metal and coarse nonmetal;
step four: soaking the coarse nonmetal metal obtained in the third step in acid liquor to obtain pure nonmetal;
step five: and D, soaking the crude metal obtained in the step three in a leaching solution, and then electrolyzing and collecting pure metal.
2. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 1, wherein: and the crushing device in the second step is one of a chopping type crushing device and a hammer type crushing device.
3. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 1, wherein: the sorting mode in the third step is one of buoyancy sorting, current sorting and gravity sorting.
4. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 1, wherein: the sorting time in the third step is 10-30 min.
5. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 1, wherein: and the acid solution in the fourth step is at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and oxalic acid.
6. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the leaching solution is a mixture of ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid.
7. The electronic waste recycling method of claim 6, wherein: the ratio of the amount of ferric chloride to the amount of hydrochloric acid is 3-5: 4-6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106381392A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-08 | 中南大学 | Chemical mineral dressing pretreatment method for waste printed circuit board multi-metal powder |
| CN109338106A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-15 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of waste printed circuit board resource utilization reuse method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106381392A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-08 | 中南大学 | Chemical mineral dressing pretreatment method for waste printed circuit board multi-metal powder |
| CN109338106A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-15 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of waste printed circuit board resource utilization reuse method |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |