CN112410074A

CN112410074A - Composite pulverized coal gasification burner and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112410074A
Application number: CN202011410126.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨晓光; 郭飞; 高先波; 郑亚杰; 邱咏梅
Original assignee: Xi'an Tuowo Energy Dynamic Science & Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Tuowo Energy Dynamic Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-04
Filing date: 2020-12-04
Publication date: 2021-02-26

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of combustion equipment for coal dust gasification, and provides a composite coal dust gasification burner and a using method thereof; the method comprises the following steps: a spout part and a material delivery part; the spout portion includes the ignition spout, the outside of ignition spout sets up first fly ash spout, first oxygen spout, first shielding gas spout, second oxygen spout and second shielding gas spout with one heart in proper order. The invention can spray waste gas or liquid waste into the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle in the combustion process, thereby achieving the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid.

Description

Composite pulverized coal gasification burner and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment for coal dust gasification, in particular to a composite coal dust gasification burner and a using method thereof.

Background

The existing combustion equipment used in the coal powder gasification technology mainly comprises the following 5 types:

(1) the shell coal gasification technology is characterized in that three functions of ignition, start-up and process operation are independently completed by three combustion devices respectively, wherein the process operation combustion devices (generally called process burners) are horizontally arranged around a furnace and are uniformly distributed with 4 or 6 (the arrangement mode of the devices in China is existed at present). The ignition combustion device (generally called an ignition burner or an auxiliary burner) is horizontally arranged on the side surface of the furnace, is the same as the process burner in vertical position, has the functions of automatic ignition and flame detection, and is provided with an independent executing device for pushing the ignition burner into the hearth and pulling the ignition burner out of the hearth. The hearth inlet is provided with a valve and a sealing device for sealing the inlet. The start-up combustion equipment (generally called as a start-up burner or a heating burner) is arranged above the ignition burner and extends downwards into the hearth at a certain angle, the center line of the start-up combustion equipment and the center line of the ignition burner are intersected in the hearth, and the start-up burner is also provided with an actuating device, a valve and a sealing device which are the same as the ignition burner, and has the same functions. When the process burner is used, the process burner is installed in place, the ignition burner and the start-up burner extend into the hearth, the two valves are located at the opening positions, the ignition burner starts to work, the start-up burner is ignited, the process burner is started after the pressure of the hearth is increased to the specified pressure, then the ignition burner and the process burner successively withdraw from the hearth, and the valves are closed. The shell plate has advanced technical principle and convenient operation, but the process is too complicated, the practical use problem is more, and the maintenance cost is relatively high. The ignition burner is only using gas fuel (liquefied gas LPG), and the start-up burner is only using liquid fuel (diesel oil), and the ignition burner is provided with two sets of water cooling systems. The process burner is provided with a set of water cooling system.

(2) The coal gasification technology of the Kelin is characterized in that ignition, start-up and flame detection functions are integrated on a straight burner (generally called an ignition start-up integrated burner, which is called an ignition burner for short), the burner is arranged at the center of the top of a furnace and is vertically installed downwards, and three process burners are arranged around the burner and are vertically installed downwards. The ignition burner has a complex structure, adopts ultraviolet fire detection, and sprays ignition fuel gas and start-up fuel gas from the same nozzle, and sprays oxygen through two nozzles respectively, and is provided with two sets of water cooling systems. The process burner nozzle is complex in structure and is of a two-channel water cooling type, the central channel is an oxygen channel and is provided with swirl vanes, the annular gap channel is a coal powder channel, the coal powder channel is a swirl channel and is formed by coiling a plurality of metal rods, the shape of the swirl channel is similar to that of a spring, the process burner nozzle is complex to process, and a set of water cooling system is respectively arranged outside and inside the swirl channel. When the ignition burner is used, the ignition burner is firstly ignited, the fuel gas nozzle of the ignition burner has the functions of ignition and temperature rise at the same time, and the fuel gas amount of the two functions is not one order of magnitude, so that the problem of difficult operation exists when the ignition and temperature rise functions are switched, the fuel gas nozzle needs to be adjusted in real time according to the signal of the flame detector, if the operation is not good, faults such as flameout and the like easily occur, and potential safety hazards are caused. The process burner is characterized in that three burners are arranged on the furnace top, and four burners are arranged on the ignition burner, so that the four burners are difficult to mount and dismount in narrow space of the furnace top. The method has the advantages that the sealing device, the valve and the actuating mechanism of the shell technology are not used in the operation process, the system is simplified, but higher requirements are put forward for operators.

(3) The Siemens GSP coal gasification technology is characterized in that ignition, start-up and process operation functions are integrated on one burner (generally called as an integrated burner), and the Siemens GSP coal gasification technology has a flame detection function similar to a Corin coal gasification technology, so that compared with the Corin coal gasification technology, the Siemens GSP coal gasification technology further simplifies the structure of equipment, but the requirement on an operator is further improved. The central channel is an ignition channel (comprising a fuel gas channel and an oxygen channel), a cooling water system is matched outside the ignition channel, and a process oxygen channel, a cooling water system, a coal powder channel and a cooling water system are arranged outside the ignition channel. The outlet of the process oxygen channel is provided with the swirl vanes, the pulverized coal channel is provided with a plurality of pulverized coal pipelines which are symmetrically distributed and spirally wound to the outlet of the burner, and the structure is simpler than that of the Kelin burner. When the device is used, ignition is carried out firstly, the ignition channel works at the moment, the flame detector monitors flame, then heating fuel gas is introduced into the coal channel, oxygen is introduced into the process oxygen inlet, then the oxygen amount of the coal channel cut-in pulverized coal is adjusted according to the introduction amount of the pulverized coal, and the amount of the fuel gas in the coal channel is reduced along with the increase of the amount of the pulverized coal. The siemens GSP coal gasification technology has no obvious three processes of ignition, start-up and process operation in the using process, and is quite complex and difficult to operate, so that the device takes a lot of trouble when in first operation.

(4) The structure of the HT-L coal gasification technology of the space furnace is improved on the Siemens GSP coal gasification technology, the structure is complex, and compared with the Siemens GSP, the structure lacks a flame detection function, but an operation channel is added, so that the operation is greatly simplified, but the structure is complex, the volume is large, and the cost is high.

(5) The two-section coal gasification technology of the Xian thermal institute is characterized in that compared with the shell coal gasification technology, coal powder enters a hearth through two height positions of a furnace, process burners at the two height positions are horizontally arranged, and the structure and the working method of an ignition burner and the process burners are the same as those of a shell.

In conclusion, the conventional pulverized coal gasification burner has the problem that waste gas and waste liquid cannot be directly treated, so that the composite pulverized coal gasification burner and the use method are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a composite pulverized coal gasification burner to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a composite pulverized coal gasification burner, comprising: a spout part and a material delivery part;

the spout portion includes the ignition spout, the outside of ignition spout sets up first fly ash spout, first oxygen spout, first shielding gas spout, second oxygen spout and second shielding gas spout with one heart in proper order.

As a further scheme of the invention: the material conveying part comprises an ignition channel arranged in the center; the ignition channel is sleeved with a fly ash channel, an oxygen channel and a shielding gas channel in sequence, the shielding gas channel is communicated with a first shielding gas nozzle and a second shielding gas nozzle, and the oxygen channel is communicated with the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle.

As a further scheme of the invention: the fly ash channel is provided with a fly ash inlet which is used for conveying pulverized coal or other media needing to be combusted to the interior of the fly ash channel, and the fly ash inlet is a single inlet or a plurality of inlets.

As a still further scheme of the invention: a distributor is arranged between the nozzle part and the material conveying part.

As a still further scheme of the invention: a third through hole is formed in the middle of the distributor, a second through hole and a first through hole are sequentially and concentrically arranged on the outer side of the third through hole, and a third outlet is formed between the second through hole and the first through hole; the third through hole is sleeved outside the ignition channel and is arranged at a gap, and the third through hole and the outer side of the ignition channel enclose a fly ash channel; the ignition nozzle is communicated with the ignition channel; the second through hole and the first through hole respectively communicate the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle with the oxygen channel.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 are both composed of a plurality of circumferentially arranged round holes.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the fixed cover of distributor is established at oxygen passageway tip, and sets up inside shielding gas passageway, and the shielding gas of carrying in the shielding gas passageway encloses into regional and second shielding gas nozzle intercommunication through the distributor outside with shielding gas passageway inner wall, and the inside intercommunicating pore that communicates the distributor outside with the third export that still is provided with of distributor simultaneously, the third export communicates with first shielding gas nozzle.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the shielding gas channel outside still overlaps and is equipped with the cooling water passageway, the inside input endless cooling water of cooling water passageway, is provided with air sandwich between water cooling passageway and the steam channel.

As a still further scheme of the invention: a temperature sensor is also included.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the temperature sensor is fixedly arranged at the material conveying part, and the probe of the temperature sensor is arranged at the nozzle part.

The invention provides another technical scheme as follows:

a use method of a combined type pulverized coal gasification burner comprises the following steps:

introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel for ignition;

opening fuel gas is introduced into the shielding gas channel, opening oxygen is introduced into the oxygen channel, and opening flame is ignited;

stopping introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel, extinguishing ignition flame, introducing process coal powder into the coal ash channel, introducing oxygen into the oxygen channel, and igniting the coal powder flame by start-up flame;

and stopping introducing start-up gas into the shielding gas channel, stopping introducing start-up oxygen into the oxygen channel, and simultaneously introducing shielding gas or waste gas waste liquid into the shielding gas channel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: igniting the coal ash by ejecting ignition gas through the ignition nozzle, ejecting coal ash from the first coal ash nozzle, ejecting oxygen from the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle, and ejecting shielding gas from the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle for combustion; the first oxygen nozzle, the first shielding gas nozzle, the second oxygen nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle are arranged to enable the sprayed oxygen to be crossed with the shielding gas, so that the oxygen is more dispersed, the pulverized coal can be more uniformly mixed with the oxygen, and the combustion is more sufficient; moreover, waste gas or liquid waste can be sprayed out of the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle in the combustion process, so that the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid is achieved. The invention provides a new way for treating waste gas and waste liquid through a gasification process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle part in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributor in a composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the ignition process of the nozzle part in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

FIG. 5 is a state diagram of the start-up process of the nozzle part in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

FIG. 6 is a state diagram of the start-up feeding process of the nozzle part in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

FIG. 7 is a state diagram of a process feeding process of a nozzle part in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

In the figure: ignition nozzle-1, first fly ash nozzle-2, first oxygen nozzle-3, first shielding gas nozzle-4, second oxygen nozzle-5, second shielding gas nozzle-6, distributor-7, temperature sensor-11, cooling water outlet-13, cooling water inlet-14, shielding gas inlet-15, oxygen inlet-16 and fly ash inlet-17, ignition air inlet-18, ignition fuel gas inlet-19, ignition channel-20, fly ash channel-21, oxygen channel-22, shielding gas channel-23, cooling water channel-24, air interlayer-25, third through hole-71, second through hole-72, first through hole-73, third outlet-74 and communicating hole-75.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention, including but not limited to increasing the number of pulverized coal passages and pulverized coal nozzles.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a structure diagram of a composite pulverized coal gasification burner provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a spout part and a material delivery part;

the spout portion includes ignition spout 1, the outside of ignition spout 1 sets up first fly ash spout 2, first oxygen spout 3, first shielding gas spout 4, second oxygen spout 5 and second shielding gas spout 6 concentrically in proper order.

In the embodiment of the invention, ignition gas is sprayed out through an ignition nozzle 1 to be ignited, a first fly ash nozzle 2 sprays fly ash, oxygen is sprayed out from a first oxygen nozzle 3 and a second oxygen nozzle 5, and shielding gas is sprayed out from a first shielding gas nozzle 4 and a second shielding gas nozzle 6 to be combusted; the first oxygen nozzle 3, the first shielding gas nozzle 4, the second oxygen nozzle 5 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 are arranged to enable the sprayed oxygen to be crossed with shielding gas, so that the oxygen is more dispersed, pulverized coal can be more uniformly mixed with the oxygen, and the combustion is more sufficient; moreover, waste gas or liquid waste can be sprayed into the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 in the combustion process, so that the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid is achieved.

In order to be able to supply the throat with material, the throat therefore comprises a centrally arranged ignition channel 20; the outside of ignition passageway 20 overlaps in proper order and is equipped with fly ash passageway 21, oxygen passageway 22 and shielding gas passageway 23, shielding gas passageway 23 and first shielding gas spout 4 and the intercommunication of second shielding gas spout 6, oxygen passageway 22 and first oxygen spout 3 and the intercommunication of second oxygen spout 5. This arrangement makes the nozzle portion simpler in structure.

A distributor 7 is arranged between the nozzle part and the material conveying part. The distributor 7 is used for communicating each nozzle of the nozzle part with each flow channel of the material conveying part.

As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third through hole 71 is disposed in the middle of the distributor 7, a second through hole 72 and a first through hole 73 are concentrically disposed outside the third through hole 71, and a third outlet 74 is disposed between the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73; the third through hole 71 is sleeved outside the ignition channel 20 and is arranged in a clearance manner, and the third through hole 71 and the outside of the ignition channel 20 form a fly ash channel in a surrounding manner.

The ignition nozzle 1 is communicated with the ignition channel 20; the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 respectively communicate the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5 with the oxygen channel 22; the distributor 7 is fixedly sleeved at the end part of the oxygen channel 22 and is arranged in the shielding gas channel 23, shielding gas conveyed in the shielding gas channel 23 is communicated with the second shielding gas nozzle 6 through a region surrounded by the outer side of the distributor 7 and the inner wall of the shielding gas channel 23, meanwhile, a communicating hole 75 for communicating the outer side of the distributor 7 with a third outlet 74 is also arranged in the distributor 7, and the third outlet 74 is communicated with the first shielding gas nozzle 4. Specifically, the third through hole 71 and the outer side of the ignition channel 20 enclose a fly ash channel, and the fly ash is conveyed to be sprayed out through the first fly ash nozzle 2. Ignition gas in the ignition channel 20 is conveyed to the ignition nozzle 1 and is sprayed out; the first through hole 73 and the second through hole 72 respectively convey oxygen in the oxygen channel 22 to the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5 for spraying; the communication hole 75 outputs the shield gas in the shield gas passage 23 to the first shield gas ejection port 4 to be ejected. The cross output of the oxygen and the shielding gas is realized by arranging the distributor 7.

The second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 are both composed of a plurality of circumferentially arranged round holes.

In order to cool the present invention, a cooling water channel 24 is further sleeved outside the shielding gas channel 23, and circulating cooling water is input into the cooling water channel 24, so that the burner is cooled.

An air interlayer 25 is provided between the shielding air passage 23 and the cooling water passage 24.

The ignition channel 20 is provided with an ignition air inlet 18 and an ignition gas inlet 19, and the ignition air inlet 18 and the ignition gas inlet 19 are arranged for conveying ignition air and ignition gas to the inside of the ignition channel 20.

The fly ash channel 21 is provided with a fly ash inlet 17 for conveying pulverized coal or other media to be combusted into the fly ash channel 21, and the fly ash inlet 17 may be a single inlet or a plurality of inlets.

The oxygen passage 22 is provided with an oxygen inlet 16 for supplying oxygen to the interior of the oxygen passage 22.

The shielding gas channel 23 is provided with a shielding gas inlet 15 for conveying shielding gas or waste gas and waste liquid to be treated to the inside of the shielding gas channel 23.

The fly ash passage 21, the oxygen passage 22 and the shielding gas passage 23 are annular, preferably, they may be circular, and may also be other annular.

The ignition channel 20 may be a circular tube or other pipes, and the fly ash channel 21, the oxygen channel 22 and the shielding gas channel 23 may be other circular tubes or other pipes sleeved outside the ignition channel 20 in sequence.

The invention also comprises a temperature sensor 11, wherein the temperature sensor 11 is fixedly arranged at the material conveying part, and the probe of the temperature sensor is arranged at the spout part, so that the temperature sensor is convenient for measuring the working temperature of the invention. The temperature sensor 11 is a thermocouple.

The cooling water channel 24 is also provided with a cooling water outlet 13 and a cooling water inlet 14, and the arrangement is convenient for injecting the circulating cooling liquid into the cooling water channel 24.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, an application method of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

igniting air and ignition gas are introduced into the ignition channel 20 for ignition;

opening fuel gas is introduced into the shielding gas channel 23, opening oxygen is introduced into the fly ash channel 21, and opening flame is ignited;

stopping introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel 20, extinguishing ignition flame, introducing process coal powder into the fly ash channel 21, introducing oxygen into the oxygen channel 22, and igniting the coal powder flame by start-up flame;

and stopping introducing start-up gas into the shielding gas channel 23, stopping introducing start-up oxygen into the oxygen channel 22, and simultaneously introducing shielding gas or waste gas waste liquid into the shielding gas channel 23.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: 1. and (3) ignition process: the invention is arranged on the top of the gasification furnace, firstly, ignition air is introduced through an ignition air inlet 18, ignition fuel gas is introduced through an ignition fuel gas inlet 19, ignition flame is ignited through a high-energy igniter, and after the flame is ignited, a flame detection probe in an ignition burner senses the flame and outputs a switching value flame detection signal.

2. The start-up process: the start-up fuel gas is introduced through the shielding gas channel 23, the start-up oxygen is introduced through the oxygen channel 22, the start-up flame is ignited by the ignition flame, the pressure and the temperature of the gasification furnace are increased simultaneously, and the ignition flame is burned along with the combustion in the process of temperature rise and pressure rise.

3. The starting and feeding process comprises the following steps: and closing ignition fuel gas and ignition air, and extinguishing ignition flame. The process coal powder is introduced through the coal ash passage 21, the process oxygen is introduced through the oxygen passage 22, the coal powder flame is ignited by the start-up flame, the pressure and the temperature of the gasification furnace are simultaneously increased, and the start-up flame is subjected to combustion in the process.

4. The process feeding process comprises the following steps: the start-up fuel gas and the start-up oxygen are closed, and simultaneously the shielding gas or the waste gas and the waste liquid are introduced through the shielding gas channel 23, and the ignition flame is extinguished. The burner enters the process feeding working stage.

According to the invention, the first oxygen nozzle 3, the first shielding gas nozzle 4, the second oxygen nozzle 5 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 are arranged to intersect the sprayed oxygen with the shielding gas, so that the oxygen is more dispersed, the pulverized coal can be more uniformly mixed with the oxygen, and the combustion is more sufficient; moreover, waste gas or liquid waste can be sprayed into the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 in the combustion process, so that the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid is achieved.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a combined type buggy gasification nozzle which characterized in that includes: a spout part and a material delivery part;

2. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner of claim 1, wherein the delivery portion comprises an ignition channel disposed in the center; the ignition channel is sleeved with a fly ash channel, an oxygen channel and a shielding gas channel in sequence, the shielding gas channel is communicated with a first shielding gas nozzle and a second shielding gas nozzle, and the oxygen channel is communicated with the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle.

3. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fly ash channel is provided with a fly ash inlet for delivering pulverized coal or other media to be combusted to the interior of the fly ash channel, and the fly ash inlet is a single inlet or a plurality of inlets.

4. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner of claim 2, wherein a distributor is disposed between the nozzle portion and the material delivery portion.

5. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in claim 3, wherein a third through hole is provided in the middle of the distributor, a second through hole and a first through hole are concentrically provided in sequence outside the third through hole, and a third outlet is provided between the second through hole and the first through hole; the third through hole is sleeved outside the ignition channel and is arranged at a gap, and the third through hole and the outer side of the ignition channel enclose a fly ash channel; the ignition nozzle is communicated with the ignition channel; the second through hole and the first through hole respectively communicate the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle with the oxygen channel.

6. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 are both composed of a plurality of circumferentially arranged circular holes.

7. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distributor is fixedly sleeved on the end of the oxygen passage and is disposed inside the shielding gas passage, the shielding gas conveyed in the shielding gas passage is communicated with the second shielding gas nozzle through a region surrounded by the outer side of the distributor and the inner wall of the shielding gas passage, and a communication hole for communicating the outer side of the distributor with the third outlet is also disposed inside the distributor, and the third outlet is communicated with the first shielding gas nozzle.

8. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein a cooling water channel is further sleeved outside the shielding gas channel, circulating cooling water is input into the cooling water channel, and an air interlayer is arranged between the cooling water channel and the shielding gas channel.

9. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor.

10. A method of using the composite pulverized coal gasification burner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of: