CN112409105A - Soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge-based forests and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge-based forests and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge forests and a preparation method thereof. The forest soil conditioner has a granular structure, and is prepared by the steps of ball-milling and crushing ferrosilicon waste residues, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide, and then uniformly stirring and mixing the crushed substances with mining and metallurgy sludge to prepare stable-state mining and metallurgy sludge; the soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium chloride are ground by ball milling, and then are uniformly mixed with the humic acid and the stable-state mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring, and are granulated and dried to obtain the fertilizer. The method realizes resource utilization of the mining and metallurgy sludge, not only fully utilizes resources such as abundant microelements, complex organic matters and the like of the mining and metallurgy sludge, but also can reduce the harm of the mining and metallurgy sludge to water and soil resources to the maximum extent, and the prepared forest soil conditioner has good quality, long fertilizer efficiency, high plant absorption rate, good safety and environmental protection, and reduces the using amount of the fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil conditioner for forests and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a soil conditioner for forests, which is obtained by using mining and metallurgy sludge as a main raw material and matching with ferrosilicon waste residues, bentonite, low-grade bauxite, calcium oxide, soybean straws, low-grade powdered rock phosphate, diammonium phosphate, urea, potassium chloride and other components, and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of secondary resources and environmental protection.
Background
The mining and metallurgy sludge is mainly a byproduct of mineral dressing and metallurgy, and contains a large amount of metal ions, complex organic matters, suspended particles, acid and alkali and other pollutants. For mining and smelting sludge, the treatment routes for treating the sludge at home and abroad mainly include landfill and incineration. The landfill needs to occupy a large amount of land resources and can cause land pollution, and the incineration can generate air pollutants, so that the use of the two disposal modes is increasingly limited, and the waste of resources is easily caused. A great deal of research is carried out at home and abroad aiming at the comprehensive utilization of the sludge. For example, in a 'method for removing heavy metal in organic sludge by slurrying' (CN111547963A) such as cloud cluster peak, the heavy metal in the organic sludge is removed by the slurrying method, and the content indexes of Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg in the product heavy-removed sludge completely meet the highest standard of being used as soil conditioner and mud for landscaping. Zhangjie et al, in "a method for extracting organic carbon source from sludge by using acid addition and ultrasound together" (CN111547965A), the organic carbon source from sludge is extracted by using acid addition and ultrasound together, and the supernatant becomes the organic carbon source for biological denitrification. In the Wanfeng et al 'a heavy metal soil repairing agent, a preparation method and an application thereof in sludge digestion' (CN106905980B), thermophilic bacteria are adopted to decompose organic matters and inoculated with heavy metal processing microorganisms. After tests show that the proportion effective removal rate of various pollutants in the soil reaches more than 95 percent and meets the national standard after the sludge repairing agent is used. In a 'method for recovering waste metal sludge' (CN110512082A), acid-soluble leaching, separation of metal elements and pyrogenic treatment of filter residues are adopted to efficiently separate elements such as iron, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel and the like from the waste metal sludge, and water residues obtained by separation are simultaneously used as brick making materials. Liu Laibao and the like adopt three treatment modes of membrane filtration concentrated solution, selective reduction and extraction to directly extract copper-nickel metal in a method for treating metal sludge (CN 108866337A). Although the method effectively utilizes the sludge, the method has the characteristics of high cost, complex technology, incomplete utilization and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, which has the advantages of good quality, long fertilizer efficiency, high plant absorption rate, safety and environmental protection.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge matrix forest, which has simple steps and low cost and is beneficial to industrial production, and the method adopts mining and metallurgy sludge as a main raw material, can fully utilize abundant micronutrient elements and organic matter resources in the mining and metallurgy sludge, simultaneously realizes the stabilization of heavy metals in the mining and metallurgy sludge, prevents secondary pollution, and not only solves the problems that a large amount of mining and metallurgy sludge is difficult to be stockpiled and reused and the mining and metallurgy sludge causes harm to the environment.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, which has a granular structure and comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of ferrosilicon waste residues; 1-4 parts of bentonite; 3-7 parts of low-grade bauxite; 3-5 parts of calcium oxide; 42-68 parts of mining and metallurgy sludge; 5-8 parts of soybean straw; 8-10 parts of low-grade phosphate ore; 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate; 8-13 parts of urea; 5-8 parts of potassium chloride; 3-6 parts of humic acid.
According to the technical scheme, the mining and metallurgy sludge is used as a main raw material for improving the forest soil, the mining and metallurgy sludge is rich in a large amount of trace nutrient elements such as metal elements, complex organic matters and the like, and the trace nutrient elements can be used as components or activators of various enzymes to participate in carbon assimilation, carbohydrate transport, nitrogen metabolism, redox processes and the like, so that the growth of plants and the formation and development of reproductive organs can be promoted, and the antibiotics can be enhanced; meanwhile, most of metal ions and organic matters in the mining and metallurgy sludge are combined in a chelated state, the chelated substances are good in stability and not prone to decomposition and deterioration, the mineral and metallurgy sludge can be used as chelated trace element fertilizer, is biological organic fertilizer, can improve the stability of the metal ions, and can continuously provide nutrition for crops for a long time after soil application. The ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite, calcium oxide and the like are mainly used for improving the stability of mining and metallurgy sludge, and harmful elements such As Hg, As, Mo, Ar, Pb, Co and the like can be fully solidified by utilizing the components to carry out polymerization reaction, so that the transfer of the harmful elements in the fertilizer is reduced to the maximum extent. The soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea, the potassium chloride, the humic acid and the like are mainly used for adjusting the nutrient content. For example, the soybean straws are wide in source and large in quantity, contain nutrient elements including Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo and rich organic matters, and can supplement the deficiency of the nutrient elements in the mining and metallurgy sludge; the phosphorite is a non-renewable resource, so that the effective development and utilization of the low-grade phosphorite are particularly important, and the low-grade phosphorite can be used as a phosphorus supplement in the forest soil conditioner. When the mining and metallurgy sludge is directly used as a forest soil conditioner, the following limitations exist: firstly, because mining and metallurgy sludge contains toxic and harmful elements (such as heavy metals), secondary pollution is easily caused, and the stabilization of the toxic and harmful elements can be realized, the dissolution rate is reduced, and the secondary pollution is prevented by doping components such as ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite, calcium oxide and the like to carry out ground polymerization reaction with the mining and metallurgy sludge. Secondly, part of nutrient substances of the mining and metallurgy sludge are not comprehensive, so that the content and the variety of nutrient elements can be improved by reasonably matching the soybean straws, the low-grade phosphate rock powder, the diammonium phosphate, the urea, the potassium chloride and the like for blending and supplementing. And thirdly, the mining and metallurgy sludge is a mud material and is easy to harden in the processing process. Therefore, by reasonably matching the raw material components, the mining and metallurgy sludge can be improved as forest soil, so that the trace elements and organic matters in the mining and metallurgy sludge can be fully utilized, the recycling problem of a large amount of stockpiled mining and metallurgy sludge can be solved, and the harm of the mining and metallurgy sludge to the environment is reduced to the maximum extent.
As a preferable scheme, the total content of nutrient elements including Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo in the mining and metallurgy sludge is 3.231-9.491% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the total content of harmful elements including Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Co and Ni is 0.0034-1.214% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the total content of K and Na is 3-5% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, and SO comprises4 2-、PO4 2-And Cl-The total content of the inorganic anions in the sludge is 3.200-8.859% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the content of the carbon-containing organic matters is 45-60% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the content of the N-containing organic matters is 30-40% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, and the content of the S-containing organic matters is 0.6-10% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge.
As a preferable scheme, the mining and metallurgy sludge is at least one of mining sludge, flotation sludge and metallurgy sludge, the water content is 5-15%, and the pH value is 5.0-7.0.
As a preferable scheme, the granularity of the ferrosilicon waste residue is 100-200 mu m. Al in general ferrosilicon waste slag2O35-10% of SiO2The content of the organic silicon compound is 60-80% by mass.
Preferably, the particle size of the bentonite is 100-200 μm. Al in general bentonite2O35-20% of SiO2The content of (B) is 40-60% by mass.
As a preferable scheme, the granularity of the low-grade bauxite is 100-200 mu m, and Al in the common low-grade bauxite2O310-20% of SiO2The content of (B) is 10-16% by mass.
Preferably, the CaO has a particle size of 74-100 μm, and the calcium oxide is mainly used as an activator of the geopolymerization reaction.
As a preferable scheme, the total content of nutrient elements including Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo in the soybean straws is 0.05-0.070% of the dry basis weight of the soybean straws, the content of the element B is 0.0002-0.00045% of the dry basis weight of the soybean straws, the particle size is 1-4 mm, and the water content is 5-10%.
As a preferred scheme, P in the low-grade phosphorite2O5The content of the inorganic particles is 12-25% by mass, and the particle size is 100-200 μm.
As a preferable scheme, the effective phosphorus content of the diammonium phosphate is more than or equal to 46 percent, the total nitrogen content is more than or equal to 18 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the granularity is 1-4 mm.
As a preferable scheme, the total nitrogen content of the urea is more than or equal to 46 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the granularity is 1-4 mm; the granularity of the potassium chloride is 0.5-1 mm.
As a preferable scheme, the total acid group content of the humic acid is 6.0-9.0 mmol/g, and the particle size is 74-100 mu m. The humic acid is derived from low-quality lignite.
As a preferable scheme, the granularity of the potassium chloride is 0.5-1 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner for the mining and metallurgy sludge subgrade, which comprises the steps of carrying out ball milling on the ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide, and then uniformly stirring and mixing the crushed ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide with the mining and metallurgy sludge to prepare stable mining and metallurgy sludge; the soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium chloride are ground by ball milling, and then are uniformly mixed with the stable state mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring, and are granulated and dried to obtain the fertilizer.
As a preferable scheme, soybean straws, low-grade phosphorite, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride are ground into balls with the granularity of 74-100 mu m.
As a preferred embodiment, the stirring and mixing conditions are as follows: the stirring speed is 300-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
As a preferable scheme, the drying temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the drying time is 15-30 min.
Preferably, the particle size of the soil conditioner is 1-4.75 mm, the moisture content is 0.5-1.5%, and the total amount of the trace elements is 2.0-6.0 wt.%. The trace elements mainly refer to metal elements, complex organic matters and the like.
The invention provides a method for preparing a forest soil conditioner by utilizing mining and metallurgy sludge, which comprises the following steps: taking ore smelting sludge as a main raw material, ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide as stabilizing agents, soybean straw as an auxiliary ingredient, low-grade phosphorite, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride as regulators, and humic acid as a granulation binder; grinding ferrosilicon waste residues, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide to 10-50 mu m by ball milling, and uniformly stirring and mixing the pulverized ferrosilicon waste residues, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide with mining and metallurgy sludge to obtain stable-state mining and metallurgy sludge with the particle size of 74-100 mu m; ball-milling the soybean straws, the low-grade phosphate ore, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride to the particle size of 74-100 microns by using a ball mill; then adding the humic acid, the stable state mining and metallurgy sludge into a disc type stirrer together, uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 300-500 r/min, stirring for 10-30 min, and discharging; sending the uniformly mixed materials into a disc granulator, and carrying out rolling granulation under the action of spray water to obtain a granulated sample; and finally, drying and screening the particles in a dryer to obtain a sample, namely the forest soil conditioner.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the soil conditioner provided by the invention reaches the forest fertilizer standard GB38400-2019, belongs to an environment-friendly resource, and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
The forestry soil conditioner provided by the invention realizes resource utilization of mining and metallurgy sludge, changes waste into valuable, fully utilizes rich trace elements and organic matters in the mining and metallurgy sludge to promote plant growth and reproductive organ formation and development, enhances antibiotic resistance, has long-term effect, can continuously provide nutrition for crops for a long time, and solves the technical problems of low utilization rate of the mining and metallurgy sludge and influence on environment.
The preparation method of the forest soil conditioner provided by the invention is simple to operate, low in cost and beneficial to industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the invention for preparing a forest soil conditioner by using mining and metallurgy sludge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be noted that these examples are only for better understanding of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
The mining and metallurgy sludge for experiments mainly comprises the following components: the dry content of the nutrient elements (Cu + Zn + Fe + Mn + Mo) was 7.93 wt.%, the dry content of the harmful elements was 0.0068 wt.%, the dry content of the elements (K + Na) was 3 wt.%, and the inorganic anions (SO) were present4 2-+PO4 2-+Cl-) Has a dry content of 4 wt.%; the carbon-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 45 wt.%, the N-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 40 wt.%, and the S-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 10 wt.%. The water content was 5% and the pH 6.0.
The content of humic acid total acid groups is 8.0mmol/g, and the granularity is 100 mu m.
The composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 97 parts of mining and metallurgy sludge and 3 parts of humic acid are added into a disc type stirrer, are uniformly mixed at the rotating speed of 500r/min, are stirred for 20min and are discharged; sending the uniformly mixed materials into a disc granulator, and carrying out rolling granulation under the action of spray water to obtain a granulated sample, wherein the grain size of the granules is 2 mm; and finally, drying and screening the particles in a dryer at 80 ℃ for 20min to obtain a sample, namely the forest soil conditioner. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained soil conditioner for forest use are shown in table 1. The content of toxic and harmful substances of the forest soil conditioner is shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of the soil conditioner for forest of comparative example
Table 2 content of poisonous and harmful substances in soil conditioner for forest after applying the present invention
| Item | Species of | Soil conditioner (the present invention) | GB38400-2019 |
| 1 | Total mercury | 3mg/kg | ≤2mg/kg |
| 2 | Total cadmium | 4mg/kg | ≤3mg/kg |
| 3 | Total chromium | 15mg/kg | ≤150mg/kg |
| 4 | Total lead | 20mg/kg | ≤50mg/kg |
| 5 | Total arsenic | 5mg/kg | ≤15mg/kg |
| 6 | Total cobalt | 10mg/kg | ≤100mg/kg |
| 7 | Total nickel | 15mg/kg | ≤600mg/kg |
According to the results in table 2, the contents of total mercury and total cadmium of the prepared forest soil conditioner do not conform to those of GB38400-2019 under the condition that the raw materials are not in the mass ratio range.
Example 1
Taking ore smelting sludge as a main raw material, ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide as stabilizing agents, soybean straw as an auxiliary ingredient, low-grade phosphorite, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride as regulators, and humic acid as a granulation binder; wherein, the mining and metallurgy sludge mainly comprises the following components: the dry content of the nutrient elements (Cu + Zn + Fe + Mn + Mo) was 7.93 wt.%, the dry content of the harmful elements was 0.0068 wt.%, the dry content of the elements (K + Na) was 3 wt.%, and the inorganic anions (SO) were present4 2-+PO4 2-+Cl-) Has a dry content of 4 wt.%; carbon-containing organic matter (dry basis) content 45 wt.%, N-containing organic matter (dry basis) content 40 wt.%, S-containing organic matter (dry basis) content 10 wt.%; the water content was 5% and the pH 6.0. The soybean straw comprises the following components: the dry content of the elements (Cu + Zn + Fe + Mn + Mo) was 0.05 wt.%, the dry content of element B was 0.0003 wt.%, the particle size was 2mm, and the water content was 5%. Ferrosilicon slag, Al2O3The content of (A) is 10% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 60% by mass; the particle size is 200 mu m; bentonite, Al2O3Mass ofThe content of the components is 10 percent; SiO 22The content of (A) is 50% by mass; the particle size is 200 mu m; low grade bauxite, A12O3The content of (A) is 15% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 15% by mass; the particle size is 200 mu m; low grade phosphate ore, grade (P)2O5) Has a content of 20% and a particle size of 150. mu.m. The effective phosphorus content of the diammonium phosphate is 46%, the total nitrogen content is 18%, the water content is 0.05%, and the particle size is 2 mm. The total nitrogen content of the urea is 46 percent, the water content is 0.2 percent, and the granularity is 2 mm. The particle size of the potassium chloride is 0.8 mm. The total acid group content of the humic acid is 8.5mmol/g, and the granularity is 100 mu m.
Grinding ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide to 50 mu m by ball milling, and uniformly mixing with mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring to obtain stable state mining and metallurgy sludge A12O3The content of (B) is 8% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 16% by mass; the mass percent content of CaO is 10 percent; the granularity is 100 mu m; wherein the compositions in parts by mass are that 3 parts of ferrosilicon waste residue, 4 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of low-grade bauxite, 5 parts of calcium oxide and 68 parts of mining and metallurgy sludge are prepared into stable sludge; ball-milling the soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium chloride to the particle size of 100 mu m by a ball mill; then the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: adding 50 parts of stable state ore smelting sludge, 8 parts of soybean straws, 10 parts of low-grade phosphate rock powder, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 13 parts of urea, 8 parts of potassium chloride and 6 parts of humic acid into a disc type stirrer, uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 500r/min, stirring for 20min, and discharging; sending the uniformly mixed materials into a disc granulator, and carrying out rolling granulation under the action of spray water to obtain a granulated sample, wherein the grain size of the granules is 2 mm; and finally, drying and screening the particles in a dryer at 80 ℃ for 20min to obtain a sample, namely the forest soil conditioner. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained soil conditioner for forest use are shown in table 3. The content of toxic and harmful substances in the forest soil conditioner is shown in table 4.
TABLE 3 physical Properties of soil conditioner for forest after applying the present invention
Table 4 content of poisonous and harmful substance in soil conditioner for forest after applying the present invention
| Item | Species of | Soil conditioner (the present invention) | GB38400-2019 |
| 1 | Total mercury | 1.5mg/kg | ≤2mg/kg |
| 2 | Total cadmium | 2mg/kg | ≤3mg/kg |
| 3 | Total chromium | 7.5mg/kg | ≤150mg/kg |
| 4 | Total lead | 10mg/kg | ≤50mg/kg |
| 5 | Total arsenic | 2.5mg/kg | ≤15mg/kg |
| 6 | Total cobalt | 5mg/kg | ≤100mg/kg |
| 7 | Total nickel | 7.5mg/kg | ≤600mg/kg |
Example 2
The method is characterized in that mining and metallurgy sludge is used as a main raw material, ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide are used as stabilizing agents, soybean straw is used as an auxiliary ingredient, low-grade phosphorite, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride are used as regulators, and humic acid is used as a granulation binder. Wherein, the mining and metallurgy sludge comprises the following components: the dry content of the nutrient elements (Cu + Zn + Fe + Mn + Mo) was 7.93 wt.%, the dry content of the harmful elements was 0.0067 wt.%, the dry content of the elements (K + Na) was 4 wt.%, and the inorganic anions (SO) were present4 2-+PO4 2-+Cl-) Has a dry content of 4 wt.%; carbon-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 50 wt.%, N-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 40 wt.%, S-containing organic matter (dry basis) content was 2.6 wt.%; the water content was 5% and the pH 6.0. The soybean straw comprises the following components: the dry content of the elements (Cu + Zn + Fe + Mn + Mo) was 0.05 wt.%, the dry content of element B was 0.0003 wt.%, the particle size was 2mm, and the water content was 5%. Ferrosilicon slag, Al2O3The content of (A) is 10% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 60% by mass;the particle size is 200 mu m; bentonite, Al2O3The content of (A) is 10% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 50% by mass; the particle size is 200 mu m; low grade bauxite, Al2O3The content of (A) is 15% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 15% by mass; the particle size is 200 mu m; low grade phosphate ore, grade (P)2O5) Has a content of 20% and a particle size of 150. mu.m. The effective phosphorus content of the diammonium phosphate is 46%, the total nitrogen content is 18%, the water content is 0.05%, and the particle size is 2 mm. The total nitrogen content of the urea is 46 percent, the water content is 0.2 percent, and the granularity is 2 mm. The particle size of the potassium chloride is 0.8 mm. The total acid group content of the humic acid is 8.5mmol/g, and the granularity is 100 lambda m.
Grinding ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide to 50 mu m by ball milling, and uniformly mixing with mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring to obtain stable mining and metallurgy sludge Al2O3The content of (B) is 8% by mass; SiO 22The content of (A) is 16% by mass; the mass percent content of CaO is 10 percent; the granularity is 100 mu m; wherein the components in parts by mass are as follows: preparing stable sludge from 3 parts of ferrosilicon waste residue, 4 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of low-grade bauxite, 5 parts of calcium oxide and 68 parts of mining and metallurgy sludge; ball-milling the soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium chloride to the particle size of 100 mu m by a ball mill; then the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: adding 60 parts of stable state ore smelting sludge, 7 parts of soybean straws, 10 parts of low-grade phosphate rock powder, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium chloride and 3 parts of humic acid into a disc type stirrer, uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 500r/min, stirring for 20min, and discharging; sending the uniformly mixed materials into a disc granulator, and carrying out rolling granulation under the action of spray water to obtain a granulated sample, wherein the grain size of the granules is 2 mm; and finally, drying and screening the particles in a dryer at 80 ℃ for 30min to obtain a sample, namely the forest soil conditioner. The physical and chemical properties of the forest soil conditioner obtained in the experiment are shown in table 5. The content of toxic and harmful substances of the forest soil conditioner is shown in table 6.
TABLE 5 physical Properties of soil conditioner for forest after applying the invention
TABLE 6 content of poisonous and harmful substances in soil conditioner for forest after applying the technology of the invention
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mining and metallurgy sludge base forest uses soil amendment which characterized in that: the material has a granular structure and comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
1-3 parts of ferrosilicon waste residues;
1-4 parts of bentonite;
3-7 parts of low-grade bauxite;
3-5 parts of calcium oxide;
42-68 parts of mining and metallurgy sludge;
5-8 parts of soybean straw;
8-10 parts of low-grade phosphate ore;
3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate;
8-13 parts of urea;
5-8 parts of potassium chloride;
3-6 parts of humic acid.
2. The soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the particle size of the ferrosilicon waste residue is 100-200 mu m;
the particle size of the bentonite is 100-200 mu m;
the granularity of the low-grade bauxite is 100-200 mu m;
the particle size of the calcium oxide is 74-100 mu m.
3. The soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total content of nutrient elements including Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo in the mining and metallurgy sludge is 3.231-9.491% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the total content of harmful elements including Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Co and Ni is 0.0034-1.214% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the total content of K and Na is 3-5% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, and the total content of SO and Na comprises4 2-、PO4 2-And Cl-The total content of the inorganic anions in the sludge is 3.200-8.859% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the content of the carbon-containing organic matters is 45-60% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, the content of the N-containing organic matters is 30-40% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge, and the content of the S-containing organic matters is 0.6-10% of the dry basis mass of the mining and metallurgy sludge.
4. A soil amendment for mining and metallurgical sludge based forests according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that: the mining and metallurgy sludge is at least one of mining sludge, flotation sludge and metallurgy sludge, the water content is 5-15%, and the pH value is 5.0-7.0.
5. The soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total content of nutrient elements including Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo in the soybean straws is 0.05-0.070% of the dry basis weight of the soybean straws, the content of the element B is 0.0002-0.00045% of the dry basis weight of the soybean straws, the particle size is 1-4 mm, and the water content is 5-10%.
6. The soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: p in the low-grade phosphate ore2O5The content of the inorganic particles is 12-25% by mass, and the particle size is 100-200 μm.
7. The soil conditioner for mining and metallurgy sludge based forests, according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the effective phosphorus content of the diammonium phosphate is more than or equal to 46 percent, the total nitrogen content is more than or equal to 18 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the granularity is 1-4 mm;
the total nitrogen content of the urea is more than or equal to 46 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the granularity is 1-4 mm;
the granularity of the potassium chloride is 0.5-1 mm;
the total acid group content of the humic acid is 6.0-9.0 mmol/g, and the particle size is 74-100 mu m.
8. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for the mining and metallurgy sludge based forest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized in that: after ferrosilicon waste residue, bentonite, low-grade bauxite and calcium oxide are ground by ball milling, the obtained material is uniformly mixed with mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring to obtain stable mining and metallurgy sludge; the soybean straw, the low-grade phosphate ore, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium chloride are ground by ball milling, and then are uniformly mixed with the humic acid and the stable-state mining and metallurgy sludge by stirring, and are granulated and dried to obtain the fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for the mining and metallurgy sludge based forest as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: grinding soybean straws, low-grade phosphate ores, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium chloride balls until the granularity is 74-100 mu m.
10. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for the mining and metallurgy sludge based forest as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stirring and mixing conditions are as follows: the stirring speed is 300-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
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| US20220388921A1 (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-12-08 | Caete Participação E Administraçäo Eirelli | Disaggregable granulated calcium and/or magnesium and potassium fertilizer and method of obtaining thereof |
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