CN112408839A - Weak soil similar material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Weak soil similar material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112408839A
CN112408839A CN202011194562.6A CN202011194562A CN112408839A CN 112408839 A CN112408839 A CN 112408839A CN 202011194562 A CN202011194562 A CN 202011194562A CN 112408839 A CN112408839 A CN 112408839A
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soil
mass
weak soil
similar material
foam
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CN112408839B (en
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江平
黄北圪
邹秋宝
祝俊华
章立辰
黄勇
熊含威
黄建宇
纪超
王浩
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JIANGXI TRAFFIC SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jiangxi Port And Waterway Construction Investment Group Co ltd
East China Jiaotong University
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JIANGXI TRAFFIC SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jiangxi Port And Waterway Construction Investment Group Co ltd
East China Jiaotong University
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content

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Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of civil and hydraulic engineering, and provides a similar material of weak soil, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the similar material of weak soil comprises barite powder, talcum powder, fine sand, bentonite, water and foam; the mass ratio of the talcum powder to the fine sand to the barite powder is 1 (0.5-2) to 0.5-8; the mass of the bentonite is 1% -10% of the total mass of the similar material of the soft soil; the mass of the water is 20% -50% of the total mass of the weak soil similar material; the volume of the foam is 10% -200% of the total volume of the soft soil similar material. The soft soil similar material has the advantages of high volume weight, simple manufacturing process, low price, easy obtainment, no toxic or side effect on human bodies, capability of being reproduced and the like, can be widely applied to simulation of soft soil layers in geotechnical engineering geomechanical model tests in the fields of cofferdams, slopes, foundation pits, roadbeds, bridges and tunnels and the like, has wide application prospect, and has remarkable economic benefit.

Description

Weak soil similar material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil and hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a weak soil similar material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of society, the construction of water conservancy shipping engineering in China is gradually increased, the construction scale is also continuously enlarged, and the water conservancy shipping engineering construction plays an important role in the national economic development and social stability. The water conservancy shipping construction project has the characteristics of long construction period and many construction processes, and in the whole construction process, the main body hydro-junction construction environment which is relatively dry is formed by constructing cofferdams is an indispensable ring, and the total progress and the engineering quality of the engineering are greatly influenced. Meanwhile, the safety of the cofferdam is of great importance, which not only relates to the safety and progress of the whole construction diversion project and main project, but also relates to the safety problem of the downstream. The filling of the dam body of the throwing filling type saturated silty clay silt soil cofferdam is disturbed by double disturbance of underwater excavation and water throwing filling, has the characteristics of high water content, low strength, low permeability and the like, and is typical soft soil with high water content. For complex engineering problems, theoretical derivation, numerical simulation and model test are 3 main research means, wherein the geomechanical model test method can truly reflect the spatial relationship between the geological structure and the engineering structure, accurately simulate the construction process and influence, and is an effective means for researching large-scale complex engineering problems
Similar materials are a prerequisite and guarantee for the success of model testing. Scholars at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on the preparation work of rock-soil body similar materials, wherein the rock-soil brittle similar materials are mature, the research on the rock-soil brittle similar materials is later than that on the rock-soil brittle similar materials, and the research level is lower. The "modern tunnel technology" added in 2006 introduces a soil-like material prepared by using powdered clay, barite powder, talcum powder and paraffin as raw materials, and the material has the characteristics of high volume weight and low elastic modulus, and has the defects that the powdered clay has certain geographical limitation and the material repeatability is not high. Road 2011 introduces a deformation mechanism of a combined support of a pile, an anchor and a soil nail in a foundation pit support by taking muddy clay, iron powder and fine silt as soil-like materials in the tenth stage. The disadvantages of the method are that the mucky soil is special and has geographical limitation. The 44 th volume of 2016 (Fuzhou university journal) introduces a vibrating table model test which takes clay, barite powder, fine silt and bentonite as raw materials and prepares a similar soil texture material in a vibrating table model test, and the developed similar soil texture material is successfully applied to slope stabilization and is applied to seismic performance of an underground building structure in a soft soil area, and the defects are the same as the defects. The university of Chongqing (Nature science edition) journal of traffic university in 2018, volume 37, No. 4 introduces a soil quality similar material which is widely used and developed by taking barite powder, quartz sand, gypsum, bentonite, laundry detergent and water as similar material raw materials and taking bone cement ratio, paste washing ratio, barite powder mixing amount, bentonite mixing amount and water content as factors, and is applied to a model test of a subway tunnel structure.
The general disadvantages of the materials are as follows: the raw materials are selected to be regional and have poor reproducibility, and the materials are generally applied to a dry construction environment, so that the method is not suitable for an environment in which a soil body is saturated when the soil body is immersed in water for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a soft soil similar material, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the soft soil similar material comprises barite powder, talcum powder, fine sand, bentonite, water and foam; the mass ratio of the talcum powder to the fine sand to the barite powder is 1 (0.5-2) to 0.5-8; the mass of the bentonite is 1% -10% of the total mass of the similar material of the soft soil; the mass of the water is 20% -50% of the total mass of the weak soil similar material; the volume of the foam is 10% -200% of the total volume of the soft soil similar material.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the talcum powder, the fine sand powder and the barite powder is 1 (0.67-1.5) to 1.11-5.83.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the mass of the bentonite is 3% -7% of the total mass of the weak soil similar material.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the volume of the foam is 20% -60% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above weak soil-like material, which includes the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of the talcum powder, the fine sand and the barite powder, the mass content of the bentonite, the mass content of the water and the volume content of the foam, taking the talcum powder, the fine sand, the barite powder, the bentonite, the water and the foam for later use;
mixing talcum powder, fine sand, barite powder, bentonite and water, and then carrying out foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution to obtain mixed soil;
and uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam to obtain the material with similar soft soil texture.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the mass concentration of the foaming agent solution is 1-5%.
The other purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide the weak soil-like material prepared by the preparation method.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the density of the weak soil-like material is 1.71-1.93 g/cm3。
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the non-drainage shear strength of the soft soil similar material is 0.83-5.7 kPa, and the permeability coefficient is 6.5 multiplied by 10-7~6.14×10-5cm/s。
Another purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide an application of the soft soil texture similar material in a soft soil layer simulation test.
According to the weak soil similar material provided by the embodiment of the invention, talcum powder, barite powder and fine powder sand are used as main aggregates, water is used as a cementing agent, and bentonite and foam are used as regulators, wherein the foam can greatly improve the workability and water retention of the material; the soft soil similar material has the advantages of high volume weight, simple manufacturing process, low price, easy obtainment, no toxic or side effect on human bodies, capability of being reproduced and the like, can be widely applied to simulation of soft soil layers in geotechnical engineering geomechanical model tests in the fields of cofferdams, slopes, foundation pits, roadbeds, bridges and tunnels and the like, has wide application prospect, and has remarkable economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of typical shear displacement versus shear stress for a similar material of weak soil texture;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a typical relationship between the foam-doping amount and the material density of a soft soil-like material;
fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a foam-doping amount and a material-drainage shear strength of a weak soil-like material;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between the foam-doping amount and the material permeability coefficient of a weak soil-like material.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 1% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 1 percent of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 20 percent of the total mass of the similar material with the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 10% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2:8, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 5% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 10 percent of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 50% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 200% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1:7, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 2% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 3% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 30 percent of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 20% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:1, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 4% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 8 percent of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 40 percent of the total mass of the similar material with the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 100% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:5.83, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 3% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 5% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 50% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 20% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
In addition, the prepared weak soil similar material is subjected to a density test, a cross plate shear test and a penetration test in sequence, and the mechanical parameters of the weak soil similar material obtained through the tests are as follows: the density of the material is 1.71g/cm3The non-drainage shear strength is 0.83kPa, and the permeability coefficient is 6.14 multiplied by 10-5cm/s; the soft soil texture similar material can be used for simulating a soft soil layer in a saturated state.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.67:1.11, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 3% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 5% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 20 percent of the total mass of the similar material with the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 60% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
In addition, the prepared weak soil similar material is subjected to a density test, a cross plate shear test and a penetration test in sequence, and the mechanical parameters of the weak soil similar material obtained through the tests are as follows: the density of the material is 1.93g/cm3The non-drainage shear strength is 5.7kPa, and the permeability coefficient is 6.5 multiplied by 10-7cm/s; the soft soil texture similar material can be used for simulating a soft soil layer in a saturated state.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a weak soil similar material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing talcum powder, fine sand powder and barite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3, pouring the mixture, bentonite and water into a stirrer to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and then performing foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 3% to obtain mixed soil; and then, uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam until the foam is completely injected into the mixed soil, filling the mixture into an enamel tray, wrapping the mixture with a preservative film, attaching a label to the enamel tray, and standing the enamel tray for a day and a night at normal temperature to obtain the weak soil similar material. Wherein the mass of the bentonite is 5% of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the mass of the water is 35 percent of the total mass of the similar material of the weak soil; the volume of the foam is 40% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
Experimental example:
the geomechanical model test is a method for scale research of specific engineering geological problems according to a certain similarity principle, wherein the selection of model materials plays a crucial role in the success of the geomechanical model test and is directly related to the value of experimental data. In geotechnical engineering geomechanical model tests, many scholars at home and abroad have developed a great deal of research work on the preparation of rock-soil mass similar materials and have breakthrough progress on the aspect of rock mass similar materials, the research on soil mass similar materials is late compared with the research on rock mass brittle similar materials, and the research level is lower, so that the simulation of weak soil mass is always a difficult point in geomechanical model tests.
In order to solve the difficulty in geomechanical model test, the invention develops a soft soil similar material by testing the material mechanical parameters of 30 groups of test pieces through orthogonal tests and various formulas, and the soft soil similar material is a composite material prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring barite powder, talcum powder, fine sand powder, bentonite, water and foam according to the specified proportion. The material mechanics parameter test shows that: the material has the advantages of high volume weight, wide variation range of mechanical parameters, simple manufacturing process, low price, easy obtainment, no toxic or side effect on human bodies, capability of being reproduced and the like.
And (3) testing mechanical parameters of the similar materials of the soft soil with different proportions, wherein the mechanical parameters mainly comprise density rho, non-drainage shear strength Cu and permeability coefficient k. And sequentially carrying out a density test, a cross plate shearing test, a penetration test and a water content test. The soft soil similar material mainly aims at simulating a soft soil layer, so that the strength of the proportioned material is low, the strength of some proportioned materials is low enough to be incapable of measuring a shear strength parameter by a direct shear test, and the non-drainage shear strength of the proportioned material is innovatively measured by a cross plate shear apparatus in the test. The density is measured by a ring cutter method, the permeability coefficient is measured by a quintuplet permeameter, and a weak soil material with proper proportion is developed by testing mechanical parameters of 30 groups of samples and nearly 200 samples.
Specifically, the typical relationship between shear displacement and shear stress of the soft soil-like material is shown in fig. 1; the typical foam-doping and material density relationships of the soft soil-like material are shown in FIG. 2; the relationship between the typical foam-doping amount and the material-not-draining shear strength of the soft soil-like material is shown in fig. 3; typical foam-doping and material-permeability relationships for the soft soil-like material are shown in fig. 4.
In addition, the main physical and mechanical parameters of the weak soil-like materials with different proportions are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Factors of the fact A B C D E ρ/(g/cm3) Cu/kPa Κ/(cm/s)
Test 1 20 20 0 25 0 2.05 7.3 7.10E-05
Test 2 20 30 5 30 50 1.94 6.3 4.80E-05
Test of3 20 40 10 35 100 1.83 5.1 5.67E-06
Test 4 20 50 15 40 150 1.77 4.1 1.60E-06
Test 5 20 60 20 45 200 1.66 2.9 3.34E-07
Test 6 30 20 5 35 150 1.78 2.3 2.19E-05
Test 7 30 30 10 40 200 1.63 1.3 4.60E-06
Test 8 30 40 15 45 0 1.75 4.3 8.40E-07
Test 9 30 50 20 25 50 1.93 7.8 6.50E-08
Test 10 30 60 0 30 100 1.79 0.83 4.99E-03
Test 11 40 20 10 45 50 1.79 2.5 7.34E-06
Test 12 40 30 15 25 100 1.85 5.3 5.50E-07
Test No. 13 40 40 20 30 150 1.74 5.1 6.50E-08
Test 14 40 50 0 35 200 1.68 1.5 1.29E-03
Test 15 40 60 5 40 0 1.81 1.83 4.14E-05
Test 16 50 20 15 30 200 1.74 3.1 4.20E-06
Test 17 50 30 20 35 0 1.83 10.4 7.70E-08
Test 18 50 40 0 40 50 1.65 2.3 1.29E-03
Test 19 50 50 5 45 100 1.72 0.83 3.60E-05
Test 20 50 60 10 25 150 1.91 7.8 2.40E-06
Test 21 60 20 20 40 100 1.71 3.1 8.50E-08
Test 22 60 30 0 45 150 1.55 0 1.29E-02
Test 23 60 40 5 25 200 1.78 4.1 2.50E-05
Test 24 60 50 10 30 0 1.93 4.5 1.54E-06
Test 25 60 60 15 35 50 1.81 4 7.04E-07
Wherein factor a in table 1 refers to: (the mass of the talcum powder and the fine sand)/(the mass sum of the barite powder and the fine sand); factor B refers to: (mass of fine sand)/(mass sum of talc powder and fine sand); factor C refers to: (mass of bentonite)/(total mass of material); factor D refers to water cut: (water/total mass of material); factor E indicates the foam doping: (foam volume)/(total volume of material).
As can be seen from Table 1, the density range of the weak soil similar material provided by the invention is 1.57-2.05 g/cm3The range of non-drainage shear strength is 0-10.4 kPa, and the range of permeability coefficient variation is 6.5 multiplied by 10-8~1.29×10-2cm/s。
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A weak soil material similar to the material is characterized by comprising barite powder, talcum powder, fine sand, bentonite, water and foam; the mass ratio of the talcum powder to the fine sand to the barite powder is 1 (0.5-2) to 0.5-8; the mass of the bentonite is 1-10% of the total mass of the similar material of the soft soil; the mass of the water is 20-50% of the total mass of the weak soil similar material; the volume of the foam is 10-200% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
2. The weak soil-like material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the talcum powder, the fine sand powder and the barite powder is 1 (0.67-1.5) to 1.11-5.83.
3. The weak soil-like material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass of said bentonite is 3-7% of the total mass of the weak soil-like material.
4. The weak soil-like material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume of said foam is 20-60% of the total volume of the weak soil-like material.
5. A method for preparing a weak soil-like material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
according to the mass ratio of the talcum powder, the fine sand and the barite powder, the mass content of the bentonite, the mass content of the water and the volume content of the foam, taking the talcum powder, the fine sand, the barite powder, the bentonite, the water and the foam for later use;
mixing talcum powder, fine sand, barite powder, bentonite and water, and then carrying out foaming treatment by using a foaming agent solution to obtain mixed soil;
and uniformly mixing the mixed soil and the foam to obtain the material with similar soft soil texture.
6. The method for preparing a weak soil-like material according to claim 5, wherein the mass concentration of the foaming agent solution is 1-5%.
7. A weak soil-like material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 5 to 6.
8. The weak soil-like material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the density of the weak soil-like material is 1.71-1.93 g/cm3。
9. The weak soil-like material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the non-drainage shear strength of the weak soil-like material is 0.83-5.7 kPa, and the permeability coefficient is 6.5 x 10-7～6.14×10-5cm/s。
10. Use of the soft soil similar material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 and 7 to 9 in soft soil layer simulation tests.
CN202011194562.6A 2020-10-30 2020-10-30 Weak soil similar material and preparation method and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN112408839B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230167026A1 (en) * 2021-11-30 2023-06-01 Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Rock similar material satisfying water-induced strength degradation characteristic and preparation method and use thereof

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